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Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
SOMMARI O
Olim pias
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Com pet itor
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Set tore
• Export di maglier ia olt re i 4,2 m iliardi • Levis St rauss shares its water-saving st rategies • The Harvard Library That Protects The World's Rarest Colors • Egypt garment sector eyes ways to boost performances • TPP Opposit ion I ncreases, Some See the Deal at Risk
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
Olim pias
Gent ile utente, non ci sono aggiornament i in questa sezione della rassegna stampa
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
Com pet itor
Gent ile utente, non ci sono aggiornament i in questa sezione della rassegna stampa
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
SETTORE
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
T h e H a r v a r d Lib r a r y T h a t P r o t e ct s T h e W o r ld ' s Ra r e st
Co lo r s
The most unusual colors from Harvard's storied pigment library include beet le
ext racts, poisonous m etals, and human mummies.
Today, every color im aginable is at your f ingert ips. You can peruse paint swatches at
hardware stores, flip through Pantone books, and fuss with the color f inder that comes
with most computer programs, unt il achieving the hue of your heart 's desire. But
rewind to a few centuries ago and finding that one specific color m ight have meant
t rekking to a single m ineral deposit in remote Afghanistan—as was the case with lapis
lazuli, a rock pr ized for its br illiant blue hue, which made it more valuable than gold in
medieval t imes.
Port rait of Edward Waldo Forbes, undated. Photograph by Bachrach. Fogg History Photographs, Fogg Benefactors, file 1.Harvard Art Museum s Archives
The history of pigments goes back to prehistoric t imes, but much of what we know
about how they relate to the art wor ld com es from Edward Forbes, a histor ian and
director of the Fogg Art Museum at Harvard University from 1909 to 1944. Considered
the father of art conservat ion in the United States, Forbes t raveled around the world
amassing pigments in order to authent icate classical I talian paint ings. Over the years,
theForbes Pigment Collect ion—as his collect ion came to be known—grew to more than
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
2,500 different specimens, each with its own layered backstory on its or igin,
product ion, and use.
Today, the collect ion is used most ly for scient if ic analysis, providing standard
pigments to compare to unknowns. Narayan Khandekar is the director of the St raus
Center for Conservat ion and Technical Studies at the Harvard Art Museums and the
collect ion's custodian. For the last 10 years, Khandekar has rebuilt the collect ion to
include modern pigm ents to bet ter analyze 20th century and contemporary art .
"People would harvest mumm ies from Egypt and then ext ract the brown resin material that was on the wrappings . . . and turn that into a pigm ent ."
A lot has changed in the art world since painters worked with "colormen"—as
t radesmen in dyes and pigments were known—to obtain their m edium. The
commercializat ion of paints has t ransformed that process. "Art ists today will use
anything to get the idea that 's in their head into a physical form ," Khandekar says. " I t
could be pieces of plast ic. I t could be cans of food. I t could be anything. We need to
be able to ident ify lots of different mater ials that are indust r ially produced as well as
things that are produced specifically for art ists' use."
The pigments in the Forbes collect ion come from all over the wor ld, and some are stored in their or iginal delicate glass containers.Jenny Stenger, © President and Fellows of Harvard College
The way he describes his work researching and cataloging pigments is akin to
detect ive work. "We use our inst ruments in the same way that forensic scient ists do,"
Khandekar says. "We examine and find out what we can about the key compounds
that will tell us the m aterial's or igin." But instead of tools such as DNA analysis, he
and his team of conservat ion scient ists use techniques such asRaman
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
spect roscopy, mass spect rometry, gas chromatography, and elect ron m icroscopy to
map out the precise chemical composit ion of a pigment .
The St raus Center’s materials collect ion includes an impressive array of pigments to aid research and conservat ion work.Peter Vanderwarker
For example, their work was inst rumental in proving that a Jackson Pollock paint ing
"rediscovered" in 2007 was actually a fake, after pigment analysis revealed that a
specific red color was manufactured 20 years after the art ist 's death. The color, Red
254, was a by-product of a chemical react ion first documented in 1974; it 's also
nicknamed
"Ferrari red."
"Every pigment has it s own story," Khandekar says. With that in m ind, we asked him
to share the stories of 10 of the rarest and most interest ing pigm ents in the Forbes
collect ion.
Harvard Art Museums, © President and Fellows of Harvard College
Synthet ic Ult ram ar ine
"This was discovered in 1826 as the result of a contest . I n a way it is like discovering
how to make gold as art ists no longer had to buy natural ult ram arine at great cost ."
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
Mum m y Brow n
"People would harvest mumm ies from Egypt and then ext ract the brown resin
material that was on the wrappings around the bodies and turn that into a pigment .
I t 's a very bizarre kind of pigment , I 've got to say, but it was very popular in the 18th
and 19th centur ies."
Brazilw ood
"Brazilwood is any of several t ropical t rees of the senna genus. I ts hard, red-color
wood has had lim ited use for violins, bows, veneer, and high-qualit y furniture. The
wood contains the colorant brasilin, which gives a deep- red to brownish color.
Brazilwood dye has been used for text ile and leather dyes, inks, paints, varnish t ints,
and wood stains."
Quercit ron
"A yellow vegetable dye, quercit ron is ext racted from the black or dark brown bark of
the black oak, Quercus velut ina, that is nat ive to the Eastern and Midwestern parts of
the United States."
Annat to
"The lipst ick plant—a small t ree, Bixa orellana, nat ive to Cent ral and South America—
produces annat to, a natural orange dye. Seeds from the plant are contained in a pod
surrounded with a br ight red pulp. Current ly, annat to is used to color but ter, cheese,
and cosmet ics."
Lapis Lazuli
"People would m ine it in Afghanistan, ship it across Europe, and it was more
expensive that gold so it would have its own budget line on a commission."
Dragon's Blood
" I t has a great name, but it 's not from dragons. [ The bright red pigment ] is from the
rat tan palm ."
Cochineal
"This red dye comes from squashed beet les, and it 's used in cosmet ics and food."
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
Harvard Art Museums, © President and Fellows of Harvard College
Cadm ium Yellow
"Cadm ium yellow was int roduced in the m id 19th century. I t 's a bright yellow that
many impressionists used. Cadm ium is a heavy metal, very toxic. I n the early 20th
century, cadm ium red was int roduced. You find these pigments used in indust r ial
processes. Up unt il the 1970s, Lego br icks had cadm ium pigment in them."
Em erald Green
"This is made from copper acetoarsenite. We had a Van Gogh with a br ight green
background that was ident if ied as emerald green. Pigments used for art ists' purposes
can find their way into use in other areas as well. Emerald green was used as an
insect icide, and you often see it on older wood that would be put into the ground, like
railroad t ies."
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
TPP Opposition Increases, Some See the Deal at Risk by Tara Donaldson
Posted on March 10, 2016 in Trade
Though Republicans have generally erred on the side of free trade, that sentiment seems to
have shifted—at least where the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is concerned.
Trade fears were evident among Republican voters in the Michigan and Mississippi primaries,
a Wall Street Journal article noted, adding that some feel skepticism of slackened trade
restrictions is widening.
The current leading contender for the Republican nomination, Donald Trump has been loudly
opposed to TPP, and Democrats aren’t exactly rallying for the free trade deal either.
Democratic front-runner Hillary Clinton isn’t in favor of it, nor is Bernie Sanders.
Beyond the primaries, U.S. Senator Jeff Sessions (R-Al.), has his own opinions on how to
“undo the damage of TPP.”
Rassegna Stam pa Olimpias Set t im ana 12: 25-03-2016
Wabi comunicazione d’impresa
“This election may be the last chance you have to retake control of your country,” he wrote in
an op-ed for Greenville News last month. “Years of failed trade policies have eroded our
manufacturing base and eliminated millions of jobs.”
Sessions said, speaking at a National Press Club event in Washington, D.C. Thursday, that
the U.S. would be better off negotiating individual deals with Pacific Rim nations.
“We should do it bilaterally so if we have a dispute and they want to access the thing they want
the most—our market—then we have got leverage,” the Australian Associated Press reported
Sessions as saying. “We can push back a lot better than if we have to go through a 10 or 11-
nation commission to vote on it.”
On the Democratic side, House Representative Louise Slaughter (D-NY), wrote in The Hill
Tuesday that TPP is bad news for jobs, wages and the environment—and that the agreement
ties the U.S. to countries that don’t value women’s rights, in light of International Women’s
Day.
“There are hundreds of reasons why the TPP is a mistake,” she wrote. “As the representative
of Rochester, New York, I have never seen a trade agreement that benefited the American
manufacturer or American worker. We were decimated by NAFTA and have lost tens of
thousands of manufacturing jobs in my area since it went into effect, culminating in one of the
highest poverty rates in the country. For that reason alone, we cannot afford another NAFTA-
style trade agreement like the TPP.”
Even though TPP has been signed by the 12 member nations, the deal still needs
congressional approval, and some feel the primaries could hold up an effort in Congress to
consider the agreement. Rep. Walter Jones (R-NC) told the Journal a vote on the deal would
create a campaign issue and that if the leadership starts pushing TPP, it would be a negative
for the deal.
The more opposition TPP gets, the more the Obama Administration will likely have to reiterate
its benefits.
“Tuesday night’s results show how difficult it would be in this environment for congressional
Republican leaders to seek passage this year of the TPP, a pact the White House sees as a
linchpin to its commercial and foreign-policy strategy to compete with China—which isn’t a
party to the deal—in the Pacific region,” the Journal reported.