Rationale for Identification of Carcinogens for the NSF/UL 440 Health-based Emissions Project Purpose: To review the selection criteria for carcinogenic

Draft, Deliberate, and Confidential

Rationale for Identification of Carcinogens for the NSF/UL 440 Health-based Emissions Project

Purpose:

To review the selection criteria for carcinogenic chemicals to be included in the

NSF/UL 440 standard

The comments expressed in this presentation may or may not reflect the views of the CPSC staff as a whole and the Commission


Step 1 – Identify organizations that have transparent and robust qualitative classifications of chemical carcinogens• Why?

– So that the standard requests analysis of chemicals that are only known as or have a high probability of being a carcinogen

– CA 1350 “Target VOCs” (Section 4.1.2) “include known or probable human carcinogens…”

– CA 1350 draws upon a list of known or probable human carcinogens…” presented in the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65) for some of its “Target VOCs”

• Tier 1 organizations (highest transparency and credible science)– EPA– NTP– IARC

• Tier 2 organizations (lesser transparency/methodological familiarity)– OEHHA proposition 65 listings– NIOSH


Step 2 – Determine the classifications that have appropriate levels of evidence

• Tier 1

– EPA (http://www.epa.gov/iris/)

• 2005 - Carcinogenic to Humans• 2005 - Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans• 1999 - Carcinogenic to Humans• 1999 - Likely to be Carcinogenic in Humans• 1996 - Known/Likely Human Carcinogen• 1986 - Group A - (Human Carcinogen)• 1986 - Group B1 - (Probable Human Carcinogen; Limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and sufficient

evidence of carcinogenicity in animals)• 1986 - Group B2 - (Probable human carcinogen; Sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in animals)

– NTP (http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=03C9AF75-E1BF-FF40-DBA9EC0928DF8B15)

• Known to be a Human Carcinogen• Reasonably Anticipated to be Human Carcinogen

– IARC (http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php)

• Group 1 – (Carcinogenic to humans; Sufficient evidence in humans or sufficient evidence in animals and strong mechanistic data in humans)

• Group 2A – (Probably carcinogenic to human; Limited evidence in humans and sufficient evidence in animals)

http://www.epa.gov/iris/

http://www.epa.gov/iris/

http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=03C9AF75-E1BF-FF40-DBA9EC0928DF8B15

http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=03C9AF75-E1BF-FF40-DBA9EC0928DF8B15

http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php

http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php


Step 2 con’t – Do any other classification systems/organizations have appropriate levels of evidence?

• Tier 2

– OEHHA Proposition 65 list chemicals• “Cancer” • (http://oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/files/P65single052413.pdf)

– NIOSH• “Potential Occupational Carcinogen”• (http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/cancer/npotocca.html)

http://oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/files/P65single052413.pdf

http://oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/files/P65single052413.pdf

http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/cancer/npotocca.html

http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/cancer/npotocca.html


Step 3 – Compile ALL substances that correspond to these qualitative classifications• EPA (104 substances and chemicals)

– 1986 – Group A - 12, B1 - 5, B2 - 61; – 1996 – 8– 1999 – Carc. to Hum. – 1; Likely – 4– 2005 – Carc. to Hum. – 1; Likely – 12

• NTP (240 substances and chemicals)– Known – 54– Reasonable – 186

• IARC (176 substances and chemicals)– Group 1 – 111– Group 2A – 65

• OEHHA Proposition 65 (554 substances and chemicals)– “Cancer” – 554

• NIOSH (132 substances and chemicals)– “Potential Occupational Carcinogen” - 132


Step 4 – Remove substances from the lists that are not within scope of NSF/UL 440:

• Biologicals such as bacteria and viruses• Food substances• Exposures to mixtures resultant from food preparation• Particulates• Radionuclides• Complex compositions such as wood smoke, diesel fuel, etc• Occupational chemical exposures• Medications and pharmaceuticals• Metals• Groupings of substances or chemicals without a defined CAS


Step 5 – Remove substances that are outside the volatility range specified by CA 1350 (0.000227 – 514.1 mm Hg at 25C)CA 1350 defines a VOC as:


Chemicals Excluded on the Basis of Volatility

Blue = on Al’s list, Green = on HPDB

Chemicals Excluded on the Basis of Volatility

CAS Agency Cancer TRVs (ug/m3)

6-Nitrochrysene 7496-02-8 NTP, IARC yes1,3-Butadiene 106-99-0 EPA 1999, NTP, IARC yesDi(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)

117-81-7 EPA 1986, NTP no

Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene 189-55-9 NTP yesDibenzo[a,h]pyrene 189-64-0 NTP yesDibenzo[a,l]pyrene 191-30-0 NTP, IARC yesDibenzo[a,e]pyrene 192-65-4 NTP yesIndeno[1,2,3-cd ]pyrene 193-39-5 EPA 1986, NTP yes7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole 194-59-2 NTP yesBenzo[j]fluoranthene 205-82-3 NTP yesBenzo[b]fluoranthene 205-99-2 EPA 1986, NTP yesBenzo[k]fluoranthene 207-08-9 EPA 1986, NTP yesChrysene 218-01-9 EPA 1986 yesDibenz[a,h]acridine 226-36-8 NTP, IARC yesDibenz[a,j]acridine 224-42-0 yesHydrazine/Hydrazine sulfate 302-01-2 EPA 1986, NTP yes5-Methylchrysene 3697-24-3 NTP yes1,6-Dinitropyrene 42397-64-8 NTP yes1,8-Dinitropyrene 42397-65-9 NTP yesFormaldehyde 50-00-0 EPA 1986, NTP, IARC yes; 1.3E-05Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) 50-32-8 EPA 1986, NTP, IARC yes1-Nitropyrene 5522-43-0 NTP, IARC yesBenz[a]anthracene 56-55-3 EPA 1986, NTP yes4-Nitropyrene 57835-92-4 NTP yesChlorinated paraffi ns (C12, 60% chorine)

63449-39-8 NTP no

Vinyl chloride 75-01-4 EPA 1986, EPA 1996, NTP, IARC yesVinyl fluoride 75-02-5 NTP, IARC noAcetaldehyde 75-07-0 EPA 1986, NTP, IARC yes; 2.2E-06Ethylene Oxide 75-21-8 NTP, IARC yesPropylene oxide 75-56-9 EPA 1986, NTP yesBenzidine (and dyes metabolized to benzidine)

92-87-5 EPA 1986, NTP, IARC yes

Dyes metabolized to 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine

NTP no


Step 6 – Remove chemicals that:

1) are not on Al Hodgson’s 061212 spreadsheet

2) are not a chemical componentin building products or furnishings listed in the Household Products Database

or 3) do not have a cancer TRV


Step 7 – Identify the Inhalation Unit Risks for the remaining chemicals


List of Carcinogenic Chemicals from EPA

• EPA (Tier 1) – 10 out of 104• plus 5 not found in HPDB or as an emission on Al’s spreadsheet

• Blue = on Al’s list, Green = on HPDB

Epichlorohydrin 106-89-8 EPA 1986 2.30E-05; 1.20E-06 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf)

1,2-Dibromoethane 106-93-4 EPA 19997.10E-05; 2.20E-04; 0.6 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf); Health Canada - http://www-

esd.worldbank.org/popstoolkit/POPsToolkit/POPSTOOLKIT_COM/TOOLS/HHRA/SF_HEALTHCANADA.HTM

Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 EPA 1986 2.90E-04; 6.80E-05 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf)

1,4-Dioxane 123-91-1 EPA 2005 7.70E-06 OEHHA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf)

Chloroprene 126-99-8 EPA 2005 5.00E-04 EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/1021.htm; 0<2 yrs - 8.6E-5; 2-16 yrs - 1.8E-4; 16-70 yr - 2.3 E-4

Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 EPA 20055.90E-06; 2.60E-07; 2E-06 to 2E-05 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0106.htm; NAP -

http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=12863&page=98

1,3-Dichloropropene 542-75-6 EPA 1986 1.6E-5; 4.0E-6 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0224.htm

Bis(chloromethyl)ether (BCME)

542-88-1 EPA 19861.3E-02; 6.2E-02; 9.43 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf); EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0375.htm; Health Canada - http://www-


Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 EPA 2005 4.2E-05; 1.5E-05; 6E-06 OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA -http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0020.htm

Aniline 62-53-3 EPA 1986 1.60E-06 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf

Benzene 71-43-2EPA 1986, EPA 1996

2.9E-05; 8.3E-06; 2.2E-06 to 7.8E-6; 6E-06OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0276.htm#carc; WHO - http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/128169/e94535.pdf

Dichloromethane 75-09-2 EPA 2005 1.0E-08; 2.3E-05 EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0070.htm#carc; Health Canada - http://www-


Trichloroethylene 79-01-6 EPA 20052.0E-06; 4.1E-06; 6.1E-04; 4.3E-07 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0199.htm#carc; Health Canada - http://www-

esd.worldbank.org/popstoolkit/POPsToolkit/POPSTOOLKIT_COM/TOOLS/HHRA/SF_HEALTHCANADA.HTM; WHO - http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/128169/e94535.pdfAcrylamide 79-06-1 EPA 2005 1.3E-03; 1.3E-03; 1E-04 OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0286.htm#carc

1,2,3-Trichloropropane 96-18-4 EPA 2005 NoneNone

List of Chemicals from EPA

Remaining Chemicals

CAS AgencyInhalation Cancer TRVs

(EPA, OEHHA, WHO; HC; WHO; ug/m3)

Citation


List of Carcinogenic Chemicals from NTP• NTP (Tier 1) – 13 out of 240• plus 5 not found in HPDB or as an emission on Al’s spreadsheet


Styrene 100-42-5 NTP 4.60E-05 OEHHA for styrene oxide, a major metabolite of styrene (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/TCDBcas061809.pdf)

1,4-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 NTP 1.10E-05 OEHHA (http://oehha.ca.gov/air/hot_spots/pdf/CPFs042909.pdf)

Epichlorohydrin 106-89-8 NTP2.30E-05; 1.20E-06 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf)

1,2-Dibromoethane 106-93-4 NTP7.10E-05; 2.20E-04; 0.6 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf); Health Canada - http://www-


Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 NTP 2.90E-04; 6.80E-05 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf)

1,4-Dioxane 123-91-1 NTP 7.70E-06 OEHHA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf)

Chloroprene 126-99-8 NTP 5.00E-04 EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/1021.htm; 0<2 yrs - 8.6E-5; 2-16 yrs - 1.8E-4; 16-70 yr - 2.3 E-4

Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 NTP5.90E-06; 2.60E-07; 2E-06 to 2E-05 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0106.htm; NAP -

http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=12863&page=98

1,3-Dichloropropene 542-75-6 NTP 1.6E-5; 4.0E-6 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0224.htm

Bis(chloromethyl)ether (BCME)

542-88-1 NTP1.3E-02; 6.2E-02; 9.43 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf); EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0375.htm; Health Canada - http://www-


Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 NTP 4.2E-05; 1.5E-05; 6E-06 OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA -http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0020.htm

Thiourea 62-56-6 NTP 2.10E-05 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf

Benzene 71-43-2 NTP2.9E-05; 8.3E-06; 2.2E-06 to 7.8E-6; 6E-06OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0276.htm#carc; WHO -

http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/128169/e94535.pdf

Dichloromethane 75-09-2 NTP 1.0E-08; 2.3E-05 EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0070.htm#carc; Health Canada - http://www-


Trichloroethylene 79-01-6 NTP2.0E-06; 4.1E-06; 6.1E-04; 4.3E-07 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0199.htm#carc; Health Canada - http://www-

esd.worldbank.org/popstoolkit/POPsToolkit/POPSTOOLKIT_COM/TOOLS/HHRA/SF_HEALTHCANADA.HTM; WHO - http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/128169/e94535.pdf

Acrylamide 79-06-1 NTP1.3E-03; 1.3E-03; 1E-04 OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0286.htm#carc

Naphthalene 91-20-3 NTP 3.40E-05 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/TCDBcas061809.pdf

1,2,3-Trichloropropane 96-18-4 NTP None None

List of Chemicals from NTP

Remaining Chemicals



Citation


List of Carcinogenic Chemicals from IARC

• IARC (Tier 1) – 5 out of 176• plus 2 not found in HPDB or as an emission on Al’s spreadsheet


Epichlorohydrin 106-89-8 IARC2.30E-05; 1.20E-06 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf)

Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 IARC5.90E-06; 2.60E-07; 2E-06 to 2E-05 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0106.htm; NAP -

http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=12863&page=98Bis(chloromethyl)ether (BCME)

542-88-1 IARC1.3E-02; 6.2E-02; 9.43 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf); EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0375.htm; Health Canada - http://www-


Benzene 71-43-2 IARC2.9E-05; 8.3E-06; 2.2E-06 to 7.8E-6; 6E-06OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0276.htm#carc; WHO -


Trichloroethylene 79-01-6 IARC2.0E-06; 4.1E-06; 6.1E-04; 4.3E-07 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0199.htm#carc; Health Canada - http://www-

esd.worldbank.org/popstoolkit/POPsToolkit/POPSTOOLKIT_COM/TOOLS/HHRA/SF_HEALTHCANADA.HTM; WHO - http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/128169/e94535.pdf

Acrylamide 79-06-1 NTP1.3E-03; 1.3E-03; 1E-04 OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0286.htm#carc

1,2,3-Trichloropropane 96-18-4 IARC NoneNone

List of Chemicals from IARC

Remaining Chemicals



Citation


Combined List of Chemicals from EPA, NTP, IARC• EPA, NTP, and IARC (Tier 1) – 14 total • plus 5 chemicals not found in HPDB or as an emission on Al’s spreadsheet


Styrene 100-42-5 NTP 4.60E-05 OEHHA for styrene oxide, a major metabolite of styrene (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/TCDBcas061809.pdf)

1,4-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 NTP 1.10E-05 OEHHA (http://oehha.ca.gov/air/hot_spots/pdf/CPFs042909.pdf)Epichlorohydrin 106-89-8 EPA 1986, NTP, IARC 2.30E-05; 1.20E-06 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf)

1,2-Dibromoethane 106-93-4 EPA 1999, NTP7.10E-05; 2.20E-04; 0.6 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf); Health Canada - http://www-

esd.worldbank.org/popstoolkit/POPsToolkit/POPSTOOLKIT_COM/TOOLS/HHRA/SF_HEALTHCANADA.HTMAcrylonitrile 107-13-1 EPA 1986, NTP 2.90E-04; 6.80E-05 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf)1,4-Dioxane 123-91-1 EPA 2005, NTP 7.70E-06 OEHHA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf)Chloroprene 126-99-8 EPA 2005, NTP 5.00E-04 EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/1021.htm; 0<2 yrs - 8.6E-5; 2-16 yrs - 1.8E-4; 16-70 yr - 2.3 E-4

Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 EPA 2005, NTP, IARC5.90E-06; 2.60E-07; 2E-06 to 2E-05 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0106.htm; NAP -

http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=12863&page=981,3-Dichloropropene 542-75-6 EPA 1986, EPA 1996, NTP 1.6E-5; 4.0E-6 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0224.htmBis(chloromethyl)ether (BCME) 542-88-1 EPA 1986, NTP, IARC 1.3E-02; 6.2E-02; 9.43 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf); EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0375.htm; Health

Canada - http://www-Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 EPA 2005, NTP 4.2E-05; 1.5E-05; 6E-06 OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA -http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0020.htm

Aniline 62-53-3 EPA 1986 1.60E-06 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdfThiourea 62-56-6 NTP 2.10E-05 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf

Benzene 71-43-2 EPA 1986, EPA 1996, NTP, IARC2.9E-05; 8.3E-06; 2.2E-06 to 7.8E-6; 6E-06 OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0276.htm#carc; WHO -


Dichloromethane 75-09-2 EPA 2005, NTP 1.0E-08; 2.3E-05 EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0070.htm#carc; Health Canada - http://www-


Trichloroethylene 79-01-6 EPA 2005, NTP, IARC

2.0E-06; 4.1E-06; 6.1E-04; 4.3E-07 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0199.htm#carc; Health Canada - http://www-esd.worldbank.org/popstoolkit/POPsToolkit/POPSTOOLKIT_COM/TOOLS/HHRA/SF_HEALTHCANADA.HTM; WHO - http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/128169/e94535.pdf

Acrylamide 79-06-1 EPA 2005, NTP, IARC 1.3E-03; 1.3E-03; 1E-04 OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0286.htm#carc

Naphthalene 91-20-3 NTP 3.40E-05 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/TCDBcas061809.pdf1,2,3-Trichloropropane 96-18-4 EPA 2005, NTP, IARC None None

Citation

Combined List of Chemicals from Tier 1 Agencies or Organizations

Remaining Chemicals CAS AgencyInhalation Cancer TRVs (EPA,

OEHHA, WHO; HC; WHO; ug/m3)


List of Carcinogenic Chemicals Derived from OEHHA Proposition 65 Listings

(if not already considered in Tier 1 list)

• OEHHA proposition 65 list (Tier 2) – 10 out of 554 – Plus 1 chemical not found in HPDB or as an emission on Al’s spreadsheet– Blue field = found as a product emission on Al’s spreadsheet– Light Green field = found in HPDB– Orange cell = found in HPDB in a product that MAY be associated with building products or furnishings

• NIOSH (Tier 2) – 0 out of 132

Chemicals CAS AgencyCancer TRVs

(ug/m3)Citation

Methyl isobutyl ketone 108-10-1 OEHHA prop 65Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 OEHHA prop 66 2.50E-06 OEHHA (http://oehha.ca.gov/air/hot_spots/pdf/CPFs042909.pdf)Diethanolamine 111-42-2 OEHHA prop 65Benzophenone 119-61-9 OEHHA prop 65Ethyl acrylate 140-88-5 OEHHA prop 65

Hydrazine 302-01-2 OEHHA prop 65 4.9 E-03; 4.9E-03OEHHA (http://oehha.ca.gov/air/hot_spots/pdf/CPFs042909. pdf); http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0352.htm

Propylene glycol mono-t -butyl ether 57018-52-7 OEHHA prop 65Coconut oil diethanolamine condensate 68603-42-9 OEHHA prop 65o -Phenylphenol 90-43-7 OEHHA prop 651,3-Dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) 96-23-1 OEHHA prop 65Cumene (isopropyl benzene) 98-82-8 OEHHA prop 65

List of Chemicals from Tier 2 Agencies or Organizations that haven't been Considered by the Tier 1 Agencies


Should we include the chemicals from the Tier 2 organizations?

• CA 1350 draws from the Proposition 65 list for some of its target VOCs (“known or probable human carcinogens and reproductive/developmental toxins”)

• Methylisobutyl ketone, ethylbenzene, 1,3 DCP, and isopropyl benzene in Al’s list of chemicals emitted from building products or furnishings

• Diethanolamine and ethylacrylate listed as components in building products (HPDB)

• Benzophenone, benzaldehyde, and cyclohexanone emitted from the UV-cured lacquer of French coated oak parquet flooring (Formation of organic indoor air pollutants by UV-curing chemistry. Salthammer, T.; Bednarek, M.; Fuhrmann, F.; Funaki, R.; Tanabe, S.-I. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry vol. 152 issue 1-3 September 20, 2002. p. 1-9; in addition to the Prop 65 listing, benzaldehyde has some evidence of cancer in mice studies and cancer cluster in Ohio, NTP study of Benzoph. Was done via oral ingestion)

• Propylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether used in water-based paints (Choi et al, 2010), in adhesives, and in water-reducible coatings (NTP, 2004)

• Cocamide diethanolamine primarily used in personal care products (shampoos, hand soaps, and cosmetics), so delete?

• o-polyphenol used primarily as a fungicide or germicide in fruits and vegetables, so delete?

• Hydrazine in rocket and other fuels, not in building products, so delete?


Final list of 29? Chemicals combiningTier 1, Tier 2, and Aldehydes

(* indicates that a cancer unit risk does not exist)

Styrene 100-42-54.60E-05

OEHHA for styrene oxide, a major metabolite of styrene (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/TCDBcas061809.pdf)

1,4-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 1.10E-05 OEHHA (http://oehha.ca.gov/air/hot_spots/pdf/CPFs042909.pdf)Epichlorohydrin 106-89-8 2.30E-05; 1.20E-06 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf)

1,2-Dibromoethane 106-93-47.10E-05; 2.20E-04; 0.6

OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf); Health Canada - http://www-esd.worldbank.org/popstoolkit/POPsToolkit/POPSTOOLKIT_COM/TOOLS/HHRA/SF_HEALTH

Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 2.90E-04; 6.80E-05 OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf)1,4-Dioxane 123-91-1 7.70E-06 OEHHA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf)

Chloroprene 126-99-85.00E-04

EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/1021.htm; 0<2 yrs - 8.6E-5; 2-16 yrs - 1.8E-4; 16-70 yr - 2.3 E-4

Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-45.90E-06; 2.60E-07; 2E-06 to 2E-05

OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0106.htm; NAP -

1,3-Dichloropropene 542-75-61.6E-5; 4.0E-6

OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0224.htm

Bis(chloromethyl)ether (BCME) 542-88-11.3E-02; 6.2E-02; 9.43

OEHHA; EPA (http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf); EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0375.htm; Health Canada - http://www-

Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-54.2E-05; 1.5E-05; 6E-06

OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA -http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0020.htm

Aniline 62-53-3 1.60E-06 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdfThiourea 62-56-6 2.10E-05 OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf

Benzene 71-43-22.9E-05; 8.3E-06; 2.2E-06 to 7.8E-6; 6E-06

OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0276.htm#carc; WHO -

Dichloromethane 75-09-21.0E-08; 2.3E-05

EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0070.htm#carc; Health Canada - http://www-esd.worldbank.org/popstoolkit/POPsToolkit/POPSTOOLKIT_COM/TOOLS/HHRA/SF_HEALTH

Trichloroethylene 79-01-62.0E-06; 4.1E-06; 6.1E-04; 4.3E-07

OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0199.htm#carc; Health Canada - http://www-

Acrylamide 79-06-11.3E-03; 1.3E-03; 1E-04

OEHHA; EPA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/APENDX-B.pdf; EPA - http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0286.htm#carc

Naphthalene 91-20-3 3.4E-05; OEHHA - http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/pdf/TCDBcas061809.pdf1,2,3-Trichloropropane* 96-18-4 . .Methyl isobutyl ketone* 108-10-1 .Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 2.50E-06 OEHHA (http://oehha.ca.gov/air/hot_spots/pdf/CPFs042909.pdf)Diethanolamine* 111-42-2 . .Benzophenone* 119-61-9 . .Ethyl acrylate* 140-88-5 . .Propylene glycol mono-t -butyl ether* 57018-52-7 . .1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP)* 96-23-1 . .Cumene (isopropyl benzene)* 98-82-8 . .

Formaldehyde 50-00-0 6E-06; 1.3E-5OEHHA (http://oehha.ca.gov/air/hot_spots/pdf/CPFs042909.pdf); http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0419.htm

Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 2.7E-06; 2.2E-06OEHHA (http://oehha.ca.gov/air/hot_spots/pdf/CPFs042909.pdf); http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0290.htm

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Documents

Rationale for Identification of Carcinogens for the NSF/UL 440 Health-based Emissions Project Purpose: To review the selection criteria for carcinogenic