RDA Training I: RDA Training I: A Gentle A Gentle IntroductionIntroduction

RDA Training I: RDA Training I: A Gentle A Gentle IntroductionIntroduction

Wichita State University Libraries

Training plansTraining plansRDA training I: Content covered◦ A gentle introduction to RDA◦ The main changes in RDA◦ Terminology changes◦ The new fields ◦ Examples: how to identify the RDA

records◦ Quick sheets for copy catalogers, serial

catalogers and music catalogers◦ RDA testing◦ RDA Toolkit◦ Discussion: some system and policy issues

Training plansTraining plansOther training sessions to be held at WSU Libraries:

◦ FRBR Training: a thorough introduction with many examples

◦ RDA II training: Get to the details and hands-on Interpretation of RDA rules Creation of RDA records Use of RDA Toolkit How RDA impacts department workflow?

What is RDA?What is RDA? Resource Description and Access, is the

new, unified cataloging standard; Designed for the digital world and an expanding

universe of metadata users; Replace AACR2, but is not AACR3.

RDA is based on IFLA’s international conceptual models and principles:◦ Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records

(FRBR; 1998)◦ Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD;

2009)◦ Statement of International Cataloguing Principles

(ICP; 2009)

RDA is a content standard, not an encoding standard (can use MARC 21, Dublin Core…).

Main changes from AACR2Main changes from AACR2Move more towards international and

developed for the future (including future systems)

Designed for wider scope of resources (e.g. for non-print, non-text, unpublished resources)

Move from classes of materials to elements and values (entities and attributes)

Emphasize user needs/user tasksBuilt on entities “Work, Expression,

Manifestation, Item”Emphasize relationships

Main changes from AACR2Main changes from AACR2“Take what you see”

(representation principle)Fewer abbreviations (clear for

the users)Content, Media, and Carrier

types (new)No more “rule of three”Sources for information expandedControlled vocabularies

available as registries for the semantic web

Fundamental change: what Fundamental change: what makes it “RDA” makes it “RDA” (rather than (rather than “AACR3”)“AACR3”) RDA is about recording entities, their

attributes and relationships among them. Take “attributes” as “characteristics” or “metadata”; Relationships can be between resources, between creators

and resources, and between creators.

A glimpse into FRBR (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records):◦ Group I Entities: Work, Expression, Manifestation, Item◦ Group 2 Entities: Persons, Families, Corporate Bodies◦ Group 3 Entities: Concepts, Objects, Events, Places◦ Mapping Attributes and Relationships to User Tasks:

to Find, identify, select and obtain an entity

One example:◦ w1 L. Frank Baum’s The Wizard of OZ

e1 text and illustrations for the first edition m1 the book published in 1956 by Rand McNally

i1 copy signed by the author

Get an idea of what is in Get an idea of what is in RDARDA

• RDA structure

• 1-4 Recording Attributes of◦ Section 1: Manifestation & Item◦ Section 2: Work & Expression◦ Section 3: Person, Family, & Corporate Body◦ Section 4: Concept, Object, Event & Place

• 5 Recording Primary Relationships . . .◦ Section 5: Between Work, Expression, Manifestation, &

Item

• 6-7 Recording Relationships to . . .◦ Section 6: Persons, Families, & Corporate Bodies◦ Section 7: Concepts, Objects, Events, & Places

• 8-10 Recording Relationships between . . .◦ Section 8: Works, Expressions, Manifestations, & Items◦ Section 9: Persons, Families, & Corporate Bodies◦ Section 10: Concepts, Objects, Events, & Places

• AACR2 structure

o Chapter 1-13 Description (by categories)

o Chapter 21-26 Headings, Uniform Titles, and References

Level of descriptionLevel of description

AACR2 has first, second, and third levels of description;

RDA has core elements and core if elements for entities.

AACR2 has first, second, and third levels of description;

RDA has core elements and core if elements for entities.

AACR2 first level of description– title proper– first statement of

responsibility– edition statement– material specific details– first publisher, etc.– date of publication, etc.– extent of item– notes– standard number

RDA core elementsIdentifying manifestations and

items– title proper– first statement of responsibility– designation of edition – designation of a named revision

of an edition– numbering of serials– Date of production (for

unpublished form)– first place of publication– first publisher’s name– date of publication – title proper of series/subseries– numbering within

series/subseries– identifier for the manifestation– carrier type

Source of informationSource of information

• AACR2 specifies a chief source of information for each class of material;

• RDA has fewer categories for sources and specifies a preferred source of information for each.

• (AACR2) chief source of information specified for each class of material:– books, pamphlets, and printed

sheets– cartographic materials– manuscripts– music– sound recordings– motion pictures and video

recordings– graphic materials– electronic resources– three-dimensional artifacts and

realia– microforms– continuing resources

• (RDA) preferred source of information specified for three categories of resources:– Resources consisting of

one or more pages, leaves, sheets, or cards

– moving images – other resources

Terminology changes: start Terminology changes: start to get used to RDA to get used to RDA

• AACR ◦ Physical description ◦ Notes

◦ Heading ◦ Main entry

◦ Added entries◦ See references◦ See also references

◦ Author◦ Uniform title

• RDA ◦ Describing carriers ◦ Describing content or

Recording relationships◦ Authorized access points◦ Authorized access point for

creator + preferred title

◦ Access points◦ Variant access points◦ Authorized access points

for related entities◦ Creator◦ Preferred title or

conventional collective title

How to identify a RDA How to identify a RDA recordrecordMARC coding changes for RDA

bibliographic records Leader/18: value “i” (ISBD) if using ISBD

punctuation 040 $a ____ $b eng $c ____ $e rda

Other clues:◦New fields: Content type (336); Media

type (337); Carrier type (338)◦Spelt out descriptions (e.g. pages,

illustrations…)

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: fixed field and 040fixed field and 040

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: new 3new 3XXXX fields fields

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: new 3new 3XXXX fields fields

RDA new fieldsRDA new fieldsThree new fields-Replacement of GMD

◦ Content type: 336◦ Media type: 337◦ Carrier type: 338

Controlled vocabularies◦ For media type and carrier type;◦ Developed with ONIX community.

Content typeContent type Content type

◦ RDA core element for expression◦ new MARC field 336

Example: 336 $a text $2 rdacontent

Can repeat either 336 field or $a.

Use one or more of the terms in RDA 6.9.1.3◦ Examples: cartographic image, computer dataset,

notated music, performed music, sounds, text, three-dimensional moving image…

◦ Other, unspecified

Media type ◦ LC core element for manifestation◦ new MARC field 337

Media Type terms◦ Audio, computer, microform, microscopic,

projected, stereographic, unmediated, video;◦ If not apply, use “other”; if not certain, use

“unspecified”.

Example: 337 $a unmediated $2 rdamedia◦ Can repeat either 337 field or $a.

Media type Media type

Carrier typeCarrier type Carrier type

◦ RDA core element for manifestation◦ new MARC field 338

Example: 338 $a volume $2 rdacarrier

Can repeat either 338 field or $a.

Carrier type termsCarrier type terms

ExtentExtentThe number and type of units and/or subunits

making up a resource (MARC 300 subfield $a)

No abbreviations for terms, e.g.,: “pages,” “volumes”

Use “approximately” (not “ca.”) and “that is” (not “i.e.”)

Use “unnumbered” rather than square brackets enclosing the numeral

Changes in vocabulary from AACR2, e.g.:◦ “study score,” not “close score” or “miniature score”◦ “computer disc” for both “computer disk” and

“computer optical disc”◦ “sheet,” not “broadside”

Extent, content and carrier Extent, content and carrier type examplestype examples Book: 300 $a 123 pages, 28 unnumbered pages 336 $a text $2 marccontent

338 $a volume $2 marccarrier

Music CD:300 $a 1 audio disc

336 $a performed music $2 marccontent338 $a audio disc $2 marccarrier

DVD:300 $a 1 DVD

336 $a two-dimensional moving image $2 marccontent338 $a video disc $2 marccarrier

Online PDF:300 $a 1 online resource (39 pages)

336 $a text $2 marccontent338 $a online resource $2 marccarrier

Extent, content and carrier Extent, content and carrier type examplestype examples Score: 300 $a 1 vocal score (xii, 300 pages) 336 $a notated music $2 marccontent 338 $a volume $2 marccarrier

Map:300 $a 1 map

336 $a cartographic image $2 marccontent338 $a sheet $2 marccarrier

Printed textual serial not yet complete:No 300 field

336 $a text $2 marccontent 338 $a volume $2 marccarrier

Website (with maps, text, and photographs):300 $a 1 online resource

336 $a text $a cartographic image $a still image $2 marccontent338 $a online resource $2 marccarrier

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: lack of abbreviationslack of abbreviations

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: lack of abbreviationslack of abbreviations

RDA representation RDA representation principle:“Take what you principle:“Take what you see”see” In transcribing information, “Take what you

see” and “accept what you get”:◦ Capitalization, punctuation, abbreviations,

inaccuracies, symbols, numerals

Transcribe title:◦ Don’t correct errors for monographs◦ Do correct errors for serials and integrating

resources to have a stable title◦ For music works, some additions to title will no

longer be abbreviated: arranged (not arr.), accompaniment (not acc.), unaccompanied (not unacc.) (e.g. Bennett, Sharon. Vocalises, unaccompanied)

RDA representation RDA representation principle: “Take what you principle: “Take what you see”see”Transcribe Statement of Responsibility:

◦ Transcribe as found, do not omit: titles of nobility, address, honour, initials of societies, dates of founding, mottoes…

Transcribe edition:

◦ Transcribe as found: do not abbreviate or convert numerals

Transcribe serial numbering:◦ Serial: Transcribe terms and months as on the

resource ◦ Alternative: follow local policy

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: capitalization capitalization

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: capitalization capitalization

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: transcribe typos in titletranscribe typos in title

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: transcribe as found in Statement of transcribe as found in Statement of ResponsibilityResponsibility

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: datedate

Phonogram copyright Phonogram copyright datedate

Copyright date Copyright date Use copyright date if neither date of publication nor

date of distribution identified;

Precede by copyright symbol (©), phonogram symbol (), or words “copyright” or “phonogram” if the symbol cannot be reproduced.

Three ways of transcribing copyright date:◦ 260 …, $c [date of publication not identified],

©2009. ◦ 260 …, $c [2009]. ◦ 260 …, $c [2009], ©2009.

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: more than 3 added entriesmore than 3 added entries

No more “rule of three”No more “rule of three”Statement of responsibility naming more

than one person, family, or corporate body◦ Transcribe as found, no more AACR2 “rule of three”◦ Option: transcribe first name and give bracketed

summary about information not transcribed (e.g. …[and three others])

◦ Can have more than three added access points

No limitation on recording medium of performance (no longer AACR2 “rule of three”)

No “rule of three” when sessions held in three or more locations in creating authorized access points for conferences

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: publication place and publication place and publisher namepublisher name

Unidentified publisher, Unidentified publisher, publication place or datepublication place or dateIf no probable place, give “[Place of

publication not identified]” – not “[S.l.]”

If no publisher identified, give “[publisher not identified]” – not “[s.n.]”

If no probable date (very rare) for single-part monographs, give “[date of publication not identified]”

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: selectionsselections

Uniform title and Uniform title and selectionsselectionsRDA does not use “Selections” as a

collective title; it is always appended to a preferred or collective title;

RDA constructs analytical access points for all the parts individually (700 … $t);

A conventional collective title (240) can be used in addition to the 700 fields (240 … $a Works. $k Selections…)

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: series numbering (and no series numbering (and no abbreviation)abbreviation)

Series numberingSeries numberingNumbering within series may include a

numeral, a letter, any other character, or the combination of these, with or without an accompanying caption (volume, number, etc.) and/or a chronological designation;

Record the numbering of the resource within the series as it appears on the source of information (e.g. volume 12, part 3, fasc. 1–2);

If the series has more than one separate system of numbering, record the systems in the order in which they are presented.

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: the Biblethe Bible

Sacred Scripture and the Sacred Scripture and the BibleBibleChoose as the preferred title for a

sacred scripture the title by which it is most commonly identified in reference sources…

In RDA, individual books and groups of books of the Bible are recorded as a subdivision of “Bible”, rather than as a subdivision of “O.T.”or “N.T.” (no more Bible. $p O.T.).

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: personal name headingspersonal name headings

Personal name headings: Personal name headings: name with title/termname with title/termChoose the form most commonly

known;

Variant spellings: choose the form found in the first resource received;

For names containing a surname, include words, etc., indicating relationships (e.g., Jr., Sr., IV) -- not just to differentiate.

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: family as creatorsfamily as creators

Family namesFamily namesIn RDA, family names can be recorded

as creators or others associated with a work, expression, manifestation, or item;

In constructing authorized access points to represent a family, use the preferred name of the family, and code the attributes of families in MARC as follows:

Type of family (100$a); Date associated with the family (100$d); Place… ($c); Prominent Member of the family (100$g)

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: corporate bodiescorporate bodies

Corporate bodiesCorporate bodiesRetain frequency in the name of a

conference, congress, or meeting;

Omit the number and year of convocation from the name of an exhibition, fair, or festival;

No “rule of three” when sessions held in three or more locations (separated by semicolons in access point);

If conference held online, location is “Online”

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: translationstranslations

TranslationsTranslationsFor resources that include

expressions in more than one language, each expression will be given a separate access point;

“Polyglot” is no longer used to designate a group of languages.

How to identify RDA records: How to identify RDA records: Relationship designatorsRelationship designators

Relationship designatorsRelationship designators Recorded in bibliographic (1XX, 6XX, 7XX, and 8XX) and/or

authority data (1XX, 4XX, 5XX).

Persons, Families, and Corporate Bodies with resource◦ Relationship designators in RDA appendix I

◦ Examples: Architect, artist, author, cartographer, choreographer, compiler, composer, designer, filmmaker, photographer, director, illustrator, editor…

Between resources ◦ Relationship designators in RDA appendix J

◦ Examples: translation of (work), based on (work), abridgement of (work), adaptation of (work)…

Between Persons, Families, and Corporate Bodies

◦ Relationship designators in RDA appendix K

◦ Examples: alternate identity, real identity, family member, sponsor…

Other Other MARC format MARC format changeschangesMARC 21 Format for

Bibliographic Data◦New codes in 008:

Code h - chorus score in Music 008/20 (Format of music)

Code i - condensed score in Music 008/20 (Format of music)

Code j - performer-conductor part in Music 008/20 (Format of music)

◦ New Codes in 007 Approved for Addition to MARC 21 to Accommodate RDA http://www.loc.gov/marc/007008changes-

RDA.html

MARC authority changes: MARC authority changes: new fieldsnew fields

For RDA ch. 9 (Identifying Persons) elements:◦ 046: special coded dates◦ 370: associated place◦ 371: address◦ 372: Field of activity◦ 373: affiliation◦ 374: occupation◦ 375: gender

For RDA ch. 10 (Identifying Families) elements:◦ 046: special coded dates◦ 370: associated place◦ 376: family information

• For RDA ch. 11 (Identifying Corporate Bodies) elements:046: special coded dates370: associated place371: address377: associated language

• Other380: form of work381: other distinguishing characteristics of work or expression382: medium of performance383: numeric designation of musical work384: key

If no separate MARC Field for a RDA element, give information in 670 field.

RDA quick sheet for copy RDA quick sheet for copy catalogerscatalogersTo identify RDA records, look for:

◦ Leader/18 value “I” (ISBD), 040 $a ____ $b eng $c ____ $e rda

◦ The three new fields: 336, 337 and 338;◦ Transcribed as found (245 $a $c) (e.g.

uppercases and typos in title, lengthy statement of responsibility);

◦ “[publisher not identified] etc in 260;◦ Copyright symbol (©) and phonogram symbol

() in 260 $c;◦ Lack of abbreviations (300, 250…);◦ No more “Rule of Three” (e.g. more than three

for transcribed creators, added access points, conference locations…)

◦ Relationship designators (e.g. translation of …, adaptation of …)

◦ Search RDA records in OCLC: e.g., dx:rda and mt:bks and yr:2010 and kw:kansas

RDA quick sheet for serial RDA quick sheet for serial catalogerscatalogers

Correct typo in serial title (if encountered), an exception to “Transcribe as found”

No supplied other title information (e.g., no $b [proceedings]) Transcribe volume, number, year and month as on the

resource ◦ Alternative: follow local policy

Record related works (772, 780, 785, 787) Record related expressions and manifestations (775, 776) Same as monographs:

◦ Leader/18 value “I” (ISBD), 040 $a ____ $b eng $c ____ $e rda ◦ The three new fields: 336, 337 and 338;◦ Lack of abbreviations (300, 250…)◦ Copyright symbol (©) and phonogram symbol () in 260 $c;◦ No more “Rule of Three” (e.g. record more than three

conference locations…) Search RDA serial records in OCLC: e.g. , dx:rda/ser/2010, or,

dx:rda and mt:ser and yr:2010

RDA quick sheet for music RDA quick sheet for music catalogerscatalogers Lack of abbreviations, use “arranged”,

“accompanied” etc for additions to title and statement of responsibility;

No “rule of three” for recording creators, the medium of performances and adding access points;

“Works. Selections” used instead of just “selections” for a collection of works by a single composer containing various types of work for various mediums;

Librettos now entered under the writer of the libretto, variant access point made under the composer.

Search RDA serial records in OCLC: e.g. , dx:rda/sco/2010, or, dx:rda and mt:sco and yr:2010 (use “rec” for sound recordings and “vis” for visual materials)

RDA testingRDA testingThree national libraries in the U.S.◦ Library of Congress◦ National Agricultural Library◦ National Library of Medicine

Test partners◦ Institutions that produce MARC 21 and/or non-MARC records

(e.g. Columbia, Emory, Ohio State);

◦ Library professional associations (e.g. Music Library Association/Online Audiovisual Catalogers, Inc.);

◦ Library educators (e.g. GSLIS Group (Dominican University, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign);

◦ Vendors (e.g. OCLC Metadata Contract Services, Quality Books).

RDA testingRDA testing Timeline

◦ July 1-September 30, 2010 - test partners become familiar with the content of RDA and with navigating the RDA Toolkit

◦ October 1-December 31, 2010 – test partners produce records and share them with the Test Coordinating Committee

◦ January 1-March, 2011 – RDA Test Coordinating Committee analyzes records and prepares report for the three national libraries

◦ Now? Widespread adoption of RDA within the US is not expected until after the evaluation report is released.

RDA Test Records: include Common Original Set (25), Common Copy Set (5) and Extra Set.

Each test partner will create one record using RDA and one using AACR2 in Connexion.

RDA Test Website: http://www.loc.gov/bibliographic-future/rda/ Records download:

http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/RDAtest/rdatestrecords.html

Search RDA records in OCLC: dx:rda plus other term limits, e.g. dx:rda/2011/dlc, dx:rda and mt:bks and yr:2011 and kw:kansas

To copy catalogersTo copy catalogersAccept RDA records in WorldCat as

other records (not a parallel record);Be able to identify RDA records;Get familiar with RDA terminology

and new fields;Be cautious in making corrections to

RDA records; don’t change the typo in “title” field if it is what displays on the item;

Check RDA Toolkit for RDA rules if necessary.

RDA ToolkitRDA ToolkitRDA Toolkit:

◦ www.rdatoolkit.orgWhat you can do in RDA Toolkit:

◦ Read, navigate and search the RDA documents (under “RDA” tab);

◦ Create your own profile; add and save your bookmarks;

◦ Read and search RDA instructions and encodings by entities (Under “Tools- Element set view”);

◦ Search RDA elements through MARC elements, or vice versa (Under “Tools- RDA mappings);

◦ Search MODS syntax through RDA elements.

RDA ToolkitRDA Toolkit◦ Create local workflow and make it sharable;

consult shared workflows (under “Tools-Workflows”);

◦ Understand entities, attributes and relationships through diagrams (under “Tools- Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)”);

◦ Download the RDA schema for XML data exchange (under “Tools-schemas”);

◦ Check old AACR2 rules;◦ Consult Library of Congress Policy Statements

(LCPS);◦ Links to other resources including Open

Archives Initiative, Open Metadata Registry, Cataloger's Desktop and XC Extensible Catalog.

Discussion: some system Discussion: some system and policy issuesand policy issuesUpdate tag tables;New fields, their indicators, subfields

and the controlled vocabularies;OCLC policy statement on RDA

cataloging in WorldCat for the U.S. testing period:◦http://www.oclc.org/us/en/rda/policy.htm

Do not implement authority changes until NACO testing is complete;

How to work with vendor records?How does RDA affect our department

workflow?

References and resourcesReferences and resources• Davis, Renette (2011). Serials & e-books in RDA. Oregon

Library Association RDA 101 Preconference, April 6, 2011.• Kandarasheva, Irina & Wilson, Mark (2011). Preparing Copy

Catalogers for RDA. ALCTS RDA webinar.• Maxwell, Robert. RDA in depth: differences between RDA and

AACR2. Utah Library Association Annual Conference. Saint George, Utah, USA. May 7, 2010. http://www.rda-jsc.org/docs/RDA_part_2_201005.pdf

• RDA Documentation in RDA Toolkit: www.rdatoolkit.org• RDA Library of Congress RDA test training materials:

http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/RDAtest/rdatraining.html• Schiff, A. Changes from AACR2 to RDA: a comparison of

examples, 2010. In BC Library Conference, Penticton, British Columbia, Canada,22 April 2010. http://eprints.rclis.org/handle/10760/14509

• Tillett, Barbara. RDA changes from AACR2 for texts. The Library of Congress webcast. http://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=4863

• Tillett, Barbara & Kuhagen, Judith. RDA test “Train the Trainer” webcasts. http://www.loc.gov/bibliographic-future/rda/trainthetrainer.html

Training materials created and compiled by Sai Deng, Metadata Cataloger, Wichita State University

Libraries.

Thanks Nancy Deyoe, Assistant Dean for Technical Services, for providing suggestions and guidance.

Thank you!