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C=0,1mol.L-1
123..10.4,7
4
−−=+ mol mS
NH λ
122 ..10.0,2 −−=− mol mS OH λ
12mmol
K=10
http://phychi.voila.net
O H aq 2)(3 +
−+
+)()(4 aqaq
OH NH
25°C
25°C
K e =10-14
V=100mLmmol
1mmol1mmol
NH3
H
pH=11,2
k=1,0.10-2
m
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H+
O H O H OH NH NH 2343
;;;; +−+
1122,11
3.10.31,61010
−−−−+=== Lmol O H pH
[ ]
[ ]
13
12
14
3
.10.58,1
10.31,6
10 −−−
−
+
−=== Lmol
O H
K OH e
13
4.10.58,1
−−−+== Lmol OH NH
[ ] 12343
.10.84,910.58,11,0][ −−−+
=−=−= Lmol NH C NH
H3O+
[ ] [ ] [ ]−−++=−−+++= OH.OH4 NHOH.
OH4 NH.
4 NH
1223 .10.33,458,1).10.0,210.4,7( −−−−
=+= mS σ
G=k.σ = 1,0.10-2.4,33.10-2=4,33.10-4S
[ ]eq
eqeq
NH
OH NH K
3
4
−+
=
( ) 52
23
10.53,210.84,9
10.58,1 −−
−
== K
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−+
)(3)( aqaq
C OOC H H C OOH
)(3)( aqaq
C OOH C H H C OO
+
−
HCOOH/HCOO – CH3COOH/CH3COO
–
+)(3 aq
COOH CH −)(aq
HCOO−)(3 aq
COOCH )(aq HCOOH
x
(mmol
x1+x1+x2-x1-x
f x
f x+1
f x+1
f x−2
f x−1
==−
==−
mmol x x
mmol x x
202
101
2max2max
1max1max
2max1max x x <
mmol x x 11maxmax
==
]][[
]][[
3
3
−
−
=COOCH HCOOH
COOH CH HCOO K
)2)(1(
)1(10
2
f f
f
x x
x K
−−
+==
019329)1()2)(1(10 22
=+−+=−− f f f f f
x x x x x
=+
=
=−
=
mmol x
mmol x
f
f
80,29
8516
753,09
8516
2
1
max x x
f ≤
max2 x x
f >mmol x x
f f 75,0
1 ==
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121
3.10.75,1.5,17
1,0
75,11][][
−−−−===
+== Lmol Lmmol V
xCOOH CH HCOO f
eqeq
1.5,21,0
75,011][
−=
−=
−= Lmmol V
x HCOOH
f
eq
121
3.10.25,1.5,12
1,075,022][
−−−−==−=−= Lmol Lmmol
V xCOOCH
f
eq
Vm
)(10035
).(100
.35
).(100
35
).(
)()(
3
0
333
33
0
HNO M C
V HNO M
V
V HNO M
m
V HNO M
HNOm
V
HNOnC
ρ
ρ
=
====
1
3
33
0.78,7
10.3,6
10.49
63.100
10.4,1.35 −=== Lmol C
C1=5.10-2 mol.L-1;V1=10L
HNO3
11003130)()(
V C V C H N On H N On
==
0
11
0C
V C V =
m L LV 27,6406427,078,7
10.10.5 2
0 ===
−
123,1
3 .10.51010][ −−−−+
=== Lmol O H pH
13][ C O H =
+HNO3
−++→+
)(3)(323 aqaq
N OO H O H H N O
13
1
22
2
11
22211.10.5
10
10.10.5 −−−
−−
==== Lmol V
V C C V C V C
13
23 .10.5][
−−+==
Lmol C O H pH=-log([H3O
+]=3-log(5)=2,3
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144,3
3.10.98,31010][
−−−−+=== Lmol O H pH
C O H <+][
3AH
O H AH aq 2)( + +−
+ )(3)( aqaq O H A
14
3.10.98,3][][ −−+− ==
Lmol O H A
eqeq
1342 .10.6,910.98,310][][ −−−−−
=−=−= Lmol AC AH eq
5
3
24
310.65,1
10.6,9
)10.98,3(
][
][][−
−
−+−
===eq
eqeq
A AH
O H A K
CH3COOH
1,65.10-5
C3H7COOH< CH3COOH< C6H5COOH< HCOOH
O H C OOH ClC H 22
+ +−
+ O H C OOClC H 32
O H C OOH H CCl 22
+ +−
+ O H C OO H CCl 32
S1eqeq O H C OOClC H ][][
32+−
=
eqO H C OOClC H O H C OOClC H O H O H COOClCH
]).[(].[].[
33213232
++−
+−+− +=+= λλλλσ
+− +== +−
O H C OOClC H
eqeq O H COOClCH 32
132 ][][
λλσ
13
3332.26,4.26,4
10.3510.22,4
167,0][][ −−
−−
+−==
+==
Lmmol mmol O H COOClCH eqeq
S21
32.5,8][][ −+− ==
Lmmol O H COO HCCl
eqeq
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426,010
26,4][ 2
1max
1
1 ====
−
C
COOClCH
x
xeq f
τ
85,0
10
5,8][ 2
2max
2
2 ====
−
C
COO HCCl
x
xeq f
τ
3
32
23
2
32
110.16,3
10.26,410
)10.26,4(
][
][][−
−−
−+−
=−
==eq
eqeq
COOH ClCH
O H COOClCH K
3
32
23
2
32
210.16,84
10.5,810
)10.5,8(
][
][][−
−−
−+−
=−
==eq
eqeq
COOH HCCl
O H COO HCCl K
τ2>τ1K 2>K 1
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