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ReadingReading
人教修订版高中二年级
( 下 ) Unit 20
What do you know about the pyramids?
Do you know the following
archaeological discoveries?
underground finds
life-size army
Do you know the following
archaeological discoveries?
Do you know the following
archaeological discoveries?
Pre-reading
1. Describe the kinds of objects
kings and emperors in China
were buried with.
Pots and other containers filled with food, rice, grain or wine. Weapons or even armies made of clay, models of houses, palaces, life-size models of carriages and horses, valuable objects and jewellery, things, objects and tools from every day use, paintings, books and musical instruments and sometimes real people such as their wives or slaves.
2. Why were dead kings given these
objects after they died?
They were given these things to be
used in their life after death.
To continue their
luxurious life in
the nether world.
To show off their
power and wealth.
To be given to him
for his use in the
next life.
3. Scan the text and write down which o
bjects were found in the grave of the
King of Stonehenge.
The objects which students can proba
bly easily scan are: a pin, clothing, a c
oat, a knife, earrings, arrows and a bo
w, tools, weapons, pottery and jewelle
ry.
Horseshoe Shape
archergrave
Skimming
Read through the whole passage
and find out the main idea of each
paragraph.
Part 1 (para. 1): The ________ of a grave.
Part 2 (para. 2-3): _______ found in the
grave.
Part 3 (para. 4-5): The __________ of the
discovery.
discovery
Objects
importance
Part 4 (para. 6): about __________
Part 5 (para.7-8 ): about ___________ _
_________
Stonehenge
the King of S
tonehenge
Fast reading
Read the text fast and answer the
following questions.
1. Who is the King of Stonehenge?
The man found on May 3, 2002 in a
grave three miles from Stonehenge.
2. Why is he called the King of
Stonehenge?
Because he is the richest…three
miles from… when stones were
being brought…
Which objects were found in the
grave of the king of Stonehenge?
Which objects were found in the
grave of the king of Stonehenge?
a bone pin
two gold earrings
a cushion stonetwo copper
knives
tools
arrows
a bowtwo pots
objects
bone
copper
pottery
clay
stone
furgold
Which materials were found?Which materials were found?
materials
Careful ReadingCareful Reading
The discovery is important for
varieties of reasons:
His grave is the richest of any found
from that period.
The two gold earrings buried with
him are the oldest gold found in
Britain.
It shows that he was a member
of a powerful class who may
have organized the construction
of Stonehenge.
True or False
1. When the King of Stonehenge died,
he was about 50 years old.
2. From tests on his teeth, it is certain
that he spent his childhood in
England.
F
F
3. The most amazing find was two
gold earrings.
4. Stonehenge was begun around 2300
BC.
5. In terms of technical development,
people were going from the Bronze
Age to the Stone Age at that time.
T
F
F
6. It has been proven that the
copper knives came form Spain
and Western France. T
Post-readingPost-reading
From things that were found in the
grave, archaeologists now believe that
people in the Bronze Age in England
had trade and cultural links with
other parts in Europe. Give examples
of such links and what was traded.
Country or part
of Europe
Material or
objects of trade
West Wales
gold jewellery
Spain and
Western France
artefacts
stone
Europe
copper, bronze,
copper knives
some places far
from England
For trade and cultural links as well as life
in Britain and the construction of
Stonehenge, people in the Bronze Age
must have had knowledge about certain
things and certain fields of science..
Work in groups to talk about the
inventions and kinds of science they must
have had, based on the reading passage.
ActivityKnowledge, science, inventions and tools needed
1. Travel to Scotland
Roads, shoes…
2. Construction of Stonehenge
language
Hammers, rope, something to transport heavy stones, architecture…
3. Hunting
4. Trade
with Europe
5. Making
copper
knives
Money or goods to trade,
boats, bags, maps,
language,…
Fire, chemistry, physics,
pots, hammers,…
Rope, string, bow,
arrows, spear, sticks…
1. On May 3, 2002, archaeologists in
England found a grave of a man dating
back to around 2300 BC.
2002 年 5 月 3 日 , 英国考古学家发现了一座墓穴。这座墓穴可以追溯到公元前 2300 年左右。
Explanation
date back to (= date from) 始于 , 起源于 , 追溯到 ; 多用于一般
现在时态中e.g. This castle dates from the 14th
century.
Our partnership dates back to
1960.
2. Many men were buried under-grou
nd when there was an accident at th
e mine.
矿上发生意外事故时 , 许多矿工都被埋在地下。
bury oneself in 专心致志于 , 埋头于be buried in thought 沉思e.g. He buried himself in his work.
Buried in his book, he didn’t notice
me entering the room.
3. He was buried on his left side with
his face to the north.
on: 以……为支撑点e.g. He is used to sleeping on his back.
The boy often walks on tiptoe.
e.g. The woman came in with a baby
in her arms.
The weather was even colder with
the wind blowing.
He usually works in his study with
the door locked.
“with+ 名词 + 介词短语 /-ing/ -ed” 作状 语 , 表示伴随动作或性质。
4. Buried with him were the tools of a
hunter or warrior.
该句为倒装句 , 表语置于句首时 ,
倒装结构为“表语 + 系动词 + 主语”。 e.g. Present at the meeting were Prof
essor White, Professor Smith and man
y other guests.
5. Some of the objects found in the grave
give us an idea of how he was dressed wh
en he was buried.
found in the grave 是过去分词作定语 give sb. an idea of 使某人明白 e.g. The book will give you an idea of
what everyday life of ordinary
Americans is like.
6. 情态动词＋ have don
e must/may/might+have done ( 肯定 )
对过去事实的推理
e.g. He might have given your more help,
they were busy. I can’t find my pen
anywhere. I must have lost it.
can +have done 表示对过去事实疑问和否定的推测e.g. He can’t have finished the work so
soon.
could + have done 意为“过去能够 ,
而事实上却没有” , 表示一种遗憾e.g. He always works hard. He could
have passed the exam.
should / ought to +have done 意为“过去应该…但没有…” , 有责备对方的意思e.g. You should have told me the news
an hour ago.
shouldn’t / oughtn’t to +have done 意为“过去不应该…，却…” , 意在责备对方e.g. You shouldn’t have told him the
news. He was nearly sad to death.
needn’t + have done 意为“过去本没有必要 ..… 却……”e.g. There was plenty of time, she
needn’t have hurried.
might + have done 表示“过去本可以… . 却没有…”e.g. They might have given you more
help, though they were busy.
7. Only a few centimetres from his head w
ere two pots made of clay, …
地点状语＋谓语＋主语 ; 谓语往往是 be,
lie, stand, sit, live 等表示客观存在的动词 e.g. In the village lived an old man, both
whose sons were serving in the army.
Nearby were two boats in which they
came to the island.
8. spare adj. 备用的 ; 额外的 ; 多余的 a spare room 预备的房间 a spare tire 备用轮胎 I have little spare time.
我没有什么余暇。 in one’s spare time
在某人闲暇的时候
spare vt. 匀出 ; 分出 spare no efforts 不遗余力 e.g. Can you spare me just a few
minutes?
There’s no time to spare.
Spare the rod and spoil the child.
[ 谚 ] 孩子不打不成器 , 娇养忤逆儿。 ( 省了棍子坏了孩子。 )
9. The discovery is important for a vari
ety of reasons.
由于种种原因 , 这项发现非常重要。 a variety of 形形色色的 , 种种的e.g. a collection of a variety of
butterflies
收集各式各样的蝴蝶
There are a wide variety of people o
n the earth.
variety store 杂货店variety show 综艺节目
10. tend to 有某种倾向 ; 有…的趋势e.g. People under stress tend to express
their full range of potential.
处于压力下的人容易发挥自己全 部的潜力。 Laziness tends to poverty.
懒易致穷
Boys tend to be bigger than girls.
Jane tends to get angry if you
disagree with her.
It tends to rain here a lot in
spring.
11. average n. 平均数 e.g. The average of 4, 8, and 60 is 24.
4 、 8 和 60 的平均数是 24 。 平均；平均水平e.g. What is the average rainfall for
August in your country?
His results is the average.
on (an) average 通常 ; 按平均e.g. We fail one student per year on
average.
我们平均每年有一个学生不及格。
12. convey vt.
(1) 运送 ; 运输 e.g. The truck conveyed machinery
across the country.
这辆卡车在全国各地运送机器。 Wires convey electricity.
金属线导电。
(2) 通知 ; 通报 ; 传［表 , 转］达 e.g. I will convey the information to him.
I can’t convey my feelings in words.
The ambassador personally
conveyed the president's message to
the premier.
13. link vt./ vi.
( 常与 together, to, with 连用 ) 连接 ,
联合 e.g. The two towns are linked by a
railway.
The new bridge will link the island
to the mainland.
be linked to / have links with
与… …有联系e.g. Sichuan have trade links with the
Yangtze River.
14. have a hand in
参与 , 插手 , 对某事物负部分责任e.g. I can’t promise much. I’m not
the only one that has a hand in
things in this town.
I bet he had a hand in it.
at hand 即将来到 ; 在手边by hand 用手from hand to mouth 仅够糊口地hand in hand 手牵手 ,携手take…in hand 担负起…的责任wash one’s hands of 洗手不干
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