Reading &Writing StrategiesModule 1 October Teacher Planning Sessions

“Instruction in America’s elementary reading classes has been based on this theory: a series of comprehension questions – coming from the basal reader or the teacher – are posed, and the goal is to see if children can answer them in the way the teacher believes they should. Many teachers teach what the basals tell them to teach. Rarely are students taught HOW to comprehend and analyze whole sections of text. If students complete drill sheets and workbook pages, that ensures that they can comprehend text.”

Keene and Zimmerman, Mosaic of Thought, page 16

Strategies that MOST Impact Strategies that MOST Impact AchievementAchievement

Rank Strategy % Gain

1 Extending Thinking Skills(compare/contrast; cause/effect; classifying;

analogies/metaphors)

45

2 Summarizing 34

3 Vocabulary in Context 33

4 Advance Organizers 28

5 Non-Verbal Representations 25

We Need to Maximize the BANG We Need to Maximize the BANG for the BUCK!for the BUCK!

• Retelling in a succinct manner

• Actively processing instead of Passively receiving

• Both oral and/or written

What Is Summarizing?What Is Summarizing?

Primacy – Recency EffectPrimacy – Recency Effect

We remember best, what we experience first and second best

what we experience last.(Sousa, 2003)

Students must1. Keep some information

2. Delete some information

3. Substitute some information(Kintsch, Dijk, 1980)

What does research say about What does research say about summarizing?summarizing?

Think of summarizing as a Think of summarizing as a mirror that is reflective of our mirror that is reflective of our student’s learning, therefore student’s learning, therefore of our teaching.of our teaching.

It is both formative and It is both formative and summative, and should summative, and should always direct our instruction.always direct our instruction.

Summarizing TechniquesSummarizing TechniquesIf I taught it, how do I know they got it?If I taught it, how do I know they got it?

Your team will have time to “divide and conquer.” You will split up and investigate 17 different summarizing strategies. The next slide names each strategy.

The strategies are SMARTBoard files in a folder on the T Drive. You will spend time investigating the strategy, determining curriculum ties and places that you could utilize the strategy across various content areas.

You will utilize a graphic organizer to create a “cheat sheet” for your teammates. Administration will collect the “cheat sheets” and create strategy cards for your team.

Happy summarizing!

Summarizing FramesSummarizing CubesInner – Outer Circle

ABC SummarySummarization PyramidMultiple Journal Topics

Four – Two- OneOne Word Summary

Final Countdown

P-M-IA/B Partners

3 – 2 – 1 Paired SummarizingThe Important Thing

The Last WordTicket Out the DoorSynectics Journal

Summarizing TechniquesSummarizing TechniquesDivide and Conquer. Determine which Divide and Conquer. Determine which

team member will investigate the team member will investigate the different techniques.different techniques.