REALISM TO MODERNISM

The Times—1850 to WWI• The world was on the move across borders (This included the

great migrations to America) and social unrest within borders.

• Science expanded: Planck, Einstein, Roentgen, Mendel

• Thought: Nietzsche and Freud

• In the arts, there was the argument of functionalism vs. aestheticism: Does art have to have a purpose or is it enough that it is?

Think about why this question was raised during this period.

REALISM

• Realism covered the middle years of the 19th century.

• There were many parallels between Realism and Romanticism.

• The Barbizon School bridged these two artistic expression.

Courbet Woman with a Parrot 1866

                                                      

The Stone Breakers courtesy of www.ricks.edu

Courbet The Stone Breakers, 1849

Millet The Sower

Millet Angelus

Millet The Gleaners

Manet Café Concert

Manet Le Bar aux Folies-Bergère

Manet Olympia

Manet Moonlight Harbor

Manet Grand Canal

Manet Street Flags

Manet Lunch in the Park

TannerThe Banjo Lesson

1893

Tanner The Thankful Poor 1894

IMPRESSIONISM• In 1874, Impressionism was named.

• Impressionism—concerned with subjectivity, realism of light, not camera pictures, fingers point to subject in realism and in impressionism light points to feelings or impressions.

• Looked for the impression at the very moment of sight

• The camera freed artists from competing with realism.

Daguerre Boulevard, Paris 1838

Monet Impression: Sunrise

Monet Garden at Sainte-Adresse

Monet

La Rue Montorgueil, 30th June 1878

Monet Poppies near Argenteuil 

Monet

Monet Grand Channel

Monet Saint-Lazare Station

Monet Saint-Lazare Station

MonetHouses of

Parliament

Monet Wheat Stacks

MonetWater Lilies

Monet Water Lilies and Clouds

Monet The Thames at Westminster

Monet Willows

Monet Antibes, The Mountains of Esterel 

MonetThe

Japanese Bridge

Monet Woman with a Parasol

Monet In the 'Norvégienne'

Monet

Monet Water Lilies

Monet

Monet

Monet

Renoir Le Moulin de la Galette

Renoir Monet

Renoir

Renoir

Renoir

Renoir

Renoir

Renoir

Renoir

RenoirGirls Reading

Renoir

Renoir A Girl with a Fan

Renoir

Renoir

Degas

Degas

Degas

Degas

Degas

Degas

Degas

Degas

Mary Cassatt

Cassett

Rodin Adam

RodinBurgher of Calais

Rodin

RodinWoman in a Red

Hat

Rodin The Thinker

Rodin The Kiss

Rodin

Rodin

Post-Impressionism

• Seurat—pointillism

• Cezanne—geometric forms

• Gauguin—native savage

• Van Goth—poster child for my thesis about pain

Seurat A Sunday on La Grade Jatte

Seurat Bathers

Seurat

Seurat

Seurat

Cezanne

Cezanne

Cezanne

Cezanne

Cezanne

Cezanne

Van Gogh The Starry Night

Van Gogh

Van Gogh Irises

Van Gogh First Steps

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh Wheat Field and Cypress Tree 1889

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh

Van Gogh The Potato Eaters 1885

Gauguin The Vision After the Sermon 1888

Gauguin Where Do We Come From? 1897

Other artistic expressions

• Cubism—Picasso

• Mechanism and Futurism—Duchamp, Boccioni

• Expressionism—pushing the viewer to experience what the artist feels or experiences: Beckmann, Munch

• Fauvism—Matisse, Kandinsky, Marc

Picasso Les Demoiselles d’Avignon 1910

Picasso Portrait of Ambroise Vollard

1910

PicassoThree Musicians

1921

Picasso Girl Before a Mirror

1932

PicassoThe Old Guitarist

1903

Picasso Guernica 1937

Picasso Don Quixote

Boccioni Unique Forms

of Continuity in Space1913

Duchamp Nude Descending a Staircase No. 2

1912

Munch The Scream1893

Beckmann Begin the Beguine 1946

BeckmannChrist and the Woman

Taken in Adultery 1917

Beckmann Dancing Bar in Baden-Baden

Matisse The Joy of Life 1905-6

KandinskyTensions in Red

Marc Animal Destinies 1913

SullivanCarson, Pirie, and Scott

1899-1904

SullivanDetail of CPS

Sullivan Auditorium Building 1887-89

Gaudi Casa Mila Apartments, Barcelona

Gaudi

Holy Family Cathedral