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Presentation to Roads Australia's National Sustainability in Infrastructure Forum
One small step....
Adapting infrastructure to encourage active transport
Rebecca Lehman, GTA ConsultantsTuesday, 22 October 2013
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Walking and cycling for short trips are quick ways to shrink a carbon footprint
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Walking and cycling are an inexpensive way to meet health and physical activity targets
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More importantly ... Its fun!
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Bottom line: Only lazy traffic engineers only think of one mode or one connection
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An integrated transport network relies on all modes
A mix of transport options are required to meet the needs of residents, visitors and workers
Walking or cycling isnt an option for every trip, only the short ones
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Walkability and bikeability
Pedestrians
Connected
Convivial
Conspicuous
Comfortable
Convenient
Cyclists
Coherent
Attractive
Safe
Comfortable
Direct
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The active travel status quo (how our grandmothers, partners and friends see it)
Connected?
Conspicuous?
Convenient?
Convivial?
Wrong
connection
No
connection
Unpleasant
Temporary
barrier
Not enough
shelter
Comfortable?
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Mode choice by gender
52%
45%
60%
51%
60%
57%
46%
98%
89%
83%
73%
51%
46%
39%
54%
54%
48%
55%
40%
49
%
40%
43%
54%
11%
17%
27%
49%
54%
61%
46%
46%
2%
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Train
Bus
Ferry
Tram
Taxi
Car,asdriver
Car,aspassenger
Truck
Motorbike/scooter
Bicycle
Other
Walkedonly
Workedathome
Didnotgotowork
Notstated
Total
Females
Males
After truck and motorcycle, bicycle is the most gender-biased mode
Australian Bureau of Statistics: Journey to Work, 2006 Census
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School children are walking less
Both boys and girls!
Even in year 10.
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and are being driven more
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Local shoppers are walking and biking and taking public transport more than hear!
(25%) (5%) (12%) (58%)
(Shopkeepers estimates in brackets)
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Shoppers walk and want facilities to walk to the shops
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fierce competition for space between transport modes and landuses
not addressing these challenges could sterilise a whole route or catchment
shared space & shared zones
Time to destination
%T
imeRemaining
1 min travel
= 10%
1 min travel= 100%
The Final Challenge: the last 100 metres
Detour
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Detour
Factor Bus
310 : 45
6.8
Detour
Factor Train
289 : 178
1.6
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The philosophy of 8-80 cities
is to create a city that is so good
an 8 or 80 year old can navigate it
independently.
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Cooperation and collaboration are required to fix the status quo
Talk toneighbouring
project
Providedirectlinks!
Work with
nearbyprojects
Includeweatherand solar
protection
Reign in
anti-socialbehaviour
d hi h
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How does this happen?
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Not everywhere has it perfect yet
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There are still a lot of barriers to shared walking and cycling spaces
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But even Maccas will provide priority bicycle parking if you ask for it: (Estes Park, Colorado)
Bik l i f bik d k d MTB i (L A l C lif i )
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Bike-only carriage for bike commuters and weekend MTB trips (Los Angeles, California)
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Facilities can be multipurpose: shared bicycle and ski parking racks (Park City, Utah)
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Sense of place using bicycle parking as public art
P d f h d bi l h l hif h i bi l (L i ill K k )
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Pods of shared bicycles help shift short car trips to bicycles (Louisville Kentucky)
T t S it Ad i i t ti bi l t t d th i t (T A i )
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Transport Security Administration uses bicycles to get around the airport (Tucson, Arizona)
P kl t t d f t th ith ti f l (NYC)
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Parklets extend footpath areas with more seating for people (NYC)
Solar powered pedestrian and bicycle crossing (Baker City Oregon)
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Solar-powered pedestrian and bicycle crossing (Baker City, Oregon)
Dedicated bicycle lane and bicycle parking kerb extensions (Boulder, Colorado; Vancouver Canada)
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Dedicated bicycle lane and bicycle parking kerb extensions (Boulder, Colorado; Vancouver Canada)
How can we help facilitate more active transport infrastructure?
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p p
Not all pedestrians are the same
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Not all cyclists are the same
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Training/ competitive
Confident commuter
Recreational/ weekend
Families/ children
Not so confident / beginners
We need to think about walkable and bikeable catchments
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A catchment is the surrounding area withinwhich people can easily travel to a destinationin a given time.
A catchment may also be defined as a distancee.g. a 400 metre walk or 5 km cycle ride basedon travel speed.
New shared pathway
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150 metres long
3 km new roadaccess
184 new properties
1.2km + 5km 7.5km 15km
Properties covered 794 978
Total Road (km) 36.8 36.8 537.1 1,166.7 4,544.3
Actual coverage (km) 11.2 14 232 449.8 2,298.8
coverage (%) 30% 38% 43% 39% 51%
Macquarie Fields Rail Station
1 2 3 5
When do we separated bikes from cars or pedestrians?
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Pedestrians and cyclists dont have a crumple zone
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People have a higher survival rate when vehicles operate at lower speeds
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0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Ch
anceo
fSurviving
Impact Speed (km/h)
Australia Historic Netherlands Combined
Australia Historic Netherlands Combined
Linear (Australia) Linear (Historic) Poly. (Netherlands) Linear (Netherlands)
Linear (Combined) Linear (Australia) Linear (Historic) Linear (Netherlands)
Bikes offer an economy of scale one cyclist isn't the answer
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Get elements of active travel integrated into projects
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Provide physical elements to achieve physical integration
with other transport networks and facilities, including
elements outside the extent of the project works.
For bicycles this means:
prominent, secure, weather-protected bike parking at
each station, bicycle end of trip facilities and cycleways;
space for bicycle parking, where the total required bicycle
parking provision can not be accommodated internally.
Prioritise people movement, not vehicle movement
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Priority is afforded to the most efficientand sustainablemodes of transport:
walkers, cyclists and public transport passengers
public transport operators
kiss-and-ride, taxi, car share and car pooling
park-and-ride
Transport infrastructure and operations reinforce the modal hierarchy to:
provide access priority
provide a safe, well-lit and visually appealing passenger area
provide a high level of amenity and passenger comfort
increase patronage
accommodate customer flows
facilitate passenger access and modal interchange
Space, access, priority and funding are allocated according to the modal hierarchy
Integrate with current transport operations not just traffic operations
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Public transport
Link to the existing public transport network
Connect residents and workers, withouttransferring (a one-seat ride)
Provide a span of service to meet resident andworker needs
Provide certainty of regular, on-time services
Car share
Provide car share vehicles
Priority car parking for car share or car poolvehicles
Walking, running, cycling and motorcycling
Connect to the footpath and bicycle network
Provide bike parking, bike & ride facilities
Provide lockers, showers and change rooms forworkers
Provide visitor and staff bicycle parking
Integrate with other departments, businesses and neighbouring councils
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Parking Manager
?
Parks and Recreation
Traffic Engineer Education Health Promotions
Sports and Recreation Office Manager
Developers Transport Planner GPs
Enthusiast
Monitor and evaluate facilities and operations to identify potential problems
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Monitor facilities and operations to determine thespirit of transport integration is being achieved.
For bicycles, monitor:
bicycle network use to determine if additional capacityis required
bicycle parking to determine when additional bikeparking is required or when abandoned bicycles shouldbe removed.
For footpaths, monitor
the footpath network to see if additional capacity isrequired.
Footpath use to determine if facilities link appropriate
facilities
audit shade, weather protection, accessibility,pavement quality
Address mistakes with humour and humility
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How will you know its working?
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How will you know its working?: women and children are riding
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How will you know its working? : People are outside, enjoying your public space
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How will you know its working?: Property values are up!
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How will you know its working? : shared zones accommodate every mode
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How will you know its working? : Pedestrians are free range
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How will you know its working? People have embraced and adapted your facilities!
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How will you know its working? : Cyclists are safe, visible and accepted transport users
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How will you know its working? : People engage with your public space. And embrace it!
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Rebecca Lehman
Associate Transport Planner
www.gta.com.au
http://www.linkedin.com/in/rlehman
0432 4287 766