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Recent developments in the GEOS-Chem mercury model and application to future emission and climate scenarios   Bess Sturges Corbitt 9 th  ICMGP June 9 th , 2009 Harvard University Earth & Planetary Sciences PhD Candidate [email protected] Collaborators: Harvard University: Daniel Jacob, Christopher Holmes, Nicole Smith Downey; MIT: Noelle Eckley Selin;   Argonne National Lab: David Streets; Max Planck, Chemistry: Franz Slemr, Ralf Ebinghaus Funding from NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program & EPA STAR

Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

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Page 1: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

Recent developments in the GEOS­Chem mercury model and application to future 

emission and climate scenarios  

Bess Sturges Corbitt9th ICMGP

June 9th, 2009

Harvard UniversityEarth & Planetary Sciences PhD [email protected]

Collaborators:Harvard University: Daniel Jacob, Christopher Holmes, Nicole Smith Downey;MIT: Noelle Eckley Selin;   Argonne National Lab: David Streets;Max Planck, Chemistry: Franz Slemr, Ralf Ebinghaus

Funding from NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program& EPA STAR

Page 2: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

dry deposition

Hg(0)

H

Hg(II)

H

Hg(P)

H

dry deposition

evasion

Emissions: geogenic, 

soil volatilization, biomass 

burning, anthropogenic

dry deposition

wet deposition

dry deposition

wet deposition

Anthropogenic 

emissions

oxidation by Br

photoreduction

2D slab ocean: Hg(0), Hg(II), 

nonreactive Hg

2D soil Hg

3D transport

GEOS­Chem atmosphere­ocean­land model

Page 3: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

Reservoirs:    Mg HgRates:   Mg Hg/ y

Preindustrial mercury budget

Page 4: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

Reservoirs:    Mg HgRates:   Mg Hg/ y

Present day mercury budget

Page 5: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

Streets et al., 2009

Year 2006

Anthropogenic emissions

Page 6: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

The latitudinal gradient of TGM is better represented in the simulation with oxidation of Hg(0) by bromine.

Spatial pattern of total gaseous mercury

Page 7: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

Effect of model changes on wet deposition

Page 8: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

Civil Aircraft for the Regular Investigation of the atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container

TGM

CARIBIC Flights 2005­2008

See references: Brennikmeijer, et al. 2007, Ebinghaus et al. 2007,Slemr et al. 2008

Lufthansa Airbus 3400­600

Stratospheric Influence

Biomass Burning

CARIBIC CO vs O3

CO

 (ppb

)

C

O3 (ppb)

 

CARIBIC

TGM

Page 9: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

Vertical trend in the model and observations Vertical Profiles Along CARIBIC Flights

North Hemisphere Midlatitudes

Red bars: standard deviation of observations in 10mb pressure binsDashed lines: GEOS­Chem profiles for representative months for each of four seasons

Average Vertical Profile in GEOS­Chem

CARIBIC TGMGEOS­Chem Hg(0)

G

standard deviation

Decrease in observed TGM with altitude is comparable to the modeled vertical trend in Hg(0).  It is possible that the oxidized mercury is partitioned to the particulate phase.

Page 10: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

Streets et al. 2009

2050 B12050  A1B1Residential Fuel CombustionIndustrial Fuel CombustionPower Plant Fuel Combustion

Cement ManufactureCopper SmeltingLead Smelting

Zinc SmeltingArtisanal Gold ExtractionMercury Mining

Transportation Fuel CombustionBiomass BurningPig Iron ManufactureCaustic Soda Production

Future anthropogenic mercury emissions

Page 11: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

 A1B scenario most pessimistic global emissions of Hg among A1B, A2, B1 and B2 scenarios United States Hg emissions increase by 38% overall in this scenario, while the locally deposited Hg(II) increases by 52% Central American total Hg emissions increase by 240%; Hg(II) by 430%

Future increases in anthropogenic emissions increase deposition of Hg to US

Page 12: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

 B1 most optimistic scenario for United States total Hg deposition Bulk of gains come from local reduction in emissions in the Eastern half of the country United States emissions reduced by 38%; global emissions nearly constant with respect to 2006

Hg deposition reductions are possible in a lower emissions scenario

Page 13: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

Total Hg Deposition 2006 Emissions

Total Hg Deposition 2050A1B Emissions Total Hg Deposition 2050B1 Emissions

Hg deposition predicted for Asia

Page 14: Recent developments in the GEOSChem mercury model and application …acmg.seas.harvard.edu/presentations/2009/CorbittES_9... · 2014. 6. 21. · dry deposition Hg(0) H Hg(II) Hg(P)

Thank you for your attention

Questions?