Recent Results from the

STOR-M TokamakA .Hirose, M. Dreval, S. Elgriw,

O. Mitarai(1), A. Pant, M. Peng(2), D. Rohraff, A.K. Singh(3), D. Trembach,

C. XiaoPlasma Physics Laboratory

University of Saskatchewan, Canada(1) Institute of Industrial Science and Technical Research, Kyushu

Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan(2) Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA(3) Present address: Dept. of Physics, Utah State Univ., Logan, Utah,

USA

IAEA TM RUSFD, October 22-24, 2007, Lisbon, Portugal

STOR-M tokamak (• H-mode studies (biasing, TH, CT), turbulence/fluctuations• AC operation• Compact torus injection

/ 46 /12 cm, 1 T, 40 kA)t pR a B I

OutlineOutline

Part I Effects of Compact Torus (CT) Injection on

the MHD Fluctuations in STOR-M Discharges

Motivations Experimental Setup Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)

Algorithm Experimental Results Future Work Summary I

Outline (cont.)Outline (cont.)Part II

Simulation of Spherical Tokamak Current Start-up by Outer Vertical Field Coils in

STOR-M Motivations STOR-ST configurations Numerical simulation of the plasma current

start-up in STOR-M ST simulation start-up experiments in STOR-M Proposed experiment of saturable iron core

operations in STOR-M Summary II

Motivations (CT/MHD)Motivations (CT/MHD)

Compact Torus (CT) injection is a promising technique to fuel large tokamak fusion reactors

Magnetic interactions between CT and tokamak plasma are important parts for ◦ CT penetration into tokamak◦ Fuel deposition

Localized fuelling may alter pressure profile

Does CT injection excite MHD instabilities?

CT toroidal field/current

Motivations (CT/MHD)Motivations (CT/MHD)

Tangential CT injection induced H-mode like phase

M=2 mode suppressed

M=2 mode reappearBefore H-L transition

M=3 mode intact(not shown here)

Experimental Setup:Experimental Setup:

12 discrete Mirnov coils evenly distributed in the poloidal direction.

Measures /dB dt

Singular Value Decomposition Singular Value Decomposition Algorithm:Algorithm:

SVD algorithm decomposes matrix

A=USVT

t

i Principal Axis

SJJ: mode energy

US

t

modes

Principal component

Experimental ResultsExperimental Results

CT is injected at t=15.25 msec MHD activities are is suppressed after CT injection MHD activities return to higher level at t=16.35

Features during the MHD reemergence phase◦ Starts with non-propagating strong signals near the

inner board◦ Followed by a propagating (rotating) m=2 mode

A dominant Principal Axis pair (PA1, PA2) an m=2 structure (Sine and Cosine parts)

Corresponding Principal components oscillating at 30 kHz seen by a fixed Mirnov coil when the m=2 mode rotates at 15 cycles/msec

The third dominant mode m=1 spatial structure Short-lived burst non-propagating the gong

mode The gong mode appears to be the precursor

triggering the MHD activities and H-L back transition

Direct spatial FFT based on 12 Mirnov raw signal evolution of the m=1 and m=2 components

The gong mode burst occurs well before the development of m=2 mode

What triggers the gong mode? Sawtooth crash in the core region near q=1 surface

excites the gong mode.

Does gong mode travel in toroidal direction? Is this also true in STOR-M? Does CT injection cause sawtooth crash as the

pressure build up?

Future Work:Future Work:

Install another poloidal array offset from the first by 180° in toroidal direction

Future Work (cont.):Future Work (cont.):

Develop Soft X-ray (SXR) pin-hole cameras to investigate◦ Relation between Core and edge MHD oscillation◦ Relation between sawtooth crash and gong mode

Summary I:Summary I:

CT injection suppressed MHD during the induced H-mode like phase.

Reemergence of the MHD may have terminated H-mode phase.

The return of the relatively large propagating m=2 MHD oscillations is led by a non-propagating, gong mode like m=1 burst.

Further investigation is necessary to better understand the effects of CT injection on MHD activities in tokamak plasma.

Part IIPart II

Simulation of Spherical Tokamak Current Start-up by Outer Vertical Field Coils in

STOR-M

Motivations (ST Current Start-Motivations (ST Current Start-up)up)

Small aspect ratio spherical tokamaks (STs) have limited space for central solenoid (CS) for current ramp-up

Current start-up without CS is necessary for Component Test Facility, CTF, (R=1.2 m, a=0.8 m, A=1.5, Bt=2.5 T, Ip=16 MA, k=3.2, Pf=300 MW)

Small iron core for the current start-up was proposed by Nishio for Vector

STOR-M Configurations

STOR-ST Configurations (cont.)

Numerical simulation of the

plasma current start-up in STOR-M magnetic field

induced by the current through various poloidal field coils

imaging field due to iron core is included

Numerical simulation results

Experimental results

Proposed experiment of saturable iron core operations in STOR-MSTOR-ST current terminates at ~22 msec

The iron core became nearly saturated air core transformer

Third bank will be used to sustain the current

Proposed experiment of saturable iron core operations in STOR-M

Summary IIIron core ST current start-up using

vertical field windings has been successfully simulated using STOR-M

Experimental results agree well with numerical calculations

Experiments for saturable iron core current start-up and maintenance have been proposed

Thank you!