RECENT TENDENCIES IN THE APPLICATION OF ...Black Zimbabwe granite, 3 mm + 6 mm support 5 mm stone + 13 mm honeycomb support = kg 45 (instead of 162). Carrara Statuario Venato marble;

RECENT TENDENCIES IN THE APPLICATION OF DIMENSION STONES

Piero Primavori Dimension Stone International Consultant

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2Piero Primavori - RECENT TENDENCIES IN THE APPLICATION OF DIMENSION STONES

THICKNESS

VOLUME/SHAPE

SURFACE

STONE AND … …

RECYCLING AND DESIGNING

“BORDERLINE” STONES

MAIN TOPICS


thickness


1) reducing the thickness (< 1 cm) ″LIGHT″ STONE

• two opposite tendencies:

2) increasing the thickness; ″MASSIVE ″ STONE


• thin to ultra-thin stone (0,5÷8 mm);• without backing/supporting materials; • with backing/supporting materials:

• [carbon fiber; GRP (Glass fiber reinforced polyester), fiberglass, Al honeycomb, Al-composite, glass, etc.];

• practically applicable over any solid substrate …. adjustableto any surface …. ….. can be bent (up to 18÷20 cm radius);

• constraints … …

• applications: exterior / interior cladding, decoration, ceiling, door skins, wall covering, elevators, internal diaphragms, illuminatedelements, interior design for vessels, yacht etc.

1) reducing the thickness “LIGHT” STONE


Black Zimbabwe granite, 3 mm + 6 mm support

5 mm stone + 13 mm honeycomb support = kg 45 (instead of 162). Carrara Statuario Venato marble; cm 250x122x0,5;

glass-stone-glass

4 mm Padanggranite + 13

mm honeycomb

support - kg 18 (instead of kg

62); cm 200x70x0,4;

glass-stone


furnituredecorated with red onyx, 5 mm

cladding of common doors(also armoured doors); Alicante Red marble (4 mm)

elevator; 5 mmthick granite

Green Guatemala marble, 4 mm, with wood, glass or aluminium

an unusual flexible small bench; Proj.: Arch. Lorenzo Damiani

panels with 3 ÷ 6 mm stone elements for modern kitchens;

Quartzite Louise, polished

Ouro Velho granite, brushed;

Labradorite, honed,


0,5÷4 mm cladding of thin walls, furnitures, cupboards, shutters, chairs, suitcases etc.

supplies for the naval sector(yacht, cruise-ships, etc.); (4÷8 mm): floors, furnitures, kitchen-top, bathrooms, lobbies


5 mm White Estremoz, Giallo Siena, Arabescato,Rosa Portogallo marbles reinforced undervacuum process and laminated (with glass)

KAUST UNIV. Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

finish veneer: Portuguese limestone MocaCreme, 9 mm thick.

slab size: cm 100x120 (34 kg)

BROOKS BROTHERS American Manhasset Mall, NY, USA

13 mm travertine reinforced under vacuum process and laminated with Al honeycomb

GASLINI HOSPITAL, Genova, ITALY


• “re-evaluation” of massive and large-thickness pieces use;

• re-discovery of the “structural” use;

• renewed interest for stereotomic design;

2) increasing the thickness “MASSIVE” STONE


up to 40 cm thickelements of Gris Quintana granite

College of Media & Communication, Doha, Qatar (2014); 10÷20 cm thick elements of Turkish Yellow Travertine

Real Collection Museum, Madrid;


″ARMADILLO VAULT″ … … back-to-the-future… … A 75 m2, 16 m lenght, 24 tons, self-supporting weighed down by its own mass, constructedusing ancient building methods. No auxiliary tensions (e.g.: with no aid of steel ropesthreaded through the stone). Stone materials: limestone . Visible until November 27th 2017 at Venice Biennale (Italy).

marble bench with a reclinable backrest. Stone

material: Orosei marble Proj.

Arch. Denis Santachiara

"heavy architecture" - 100% gravity

sketch of the façade project (scale 1:1), realized with monolithic granitic pieces

Central Office SGAE (General Society of Authors & Editors); Santiago de Compostela (Spain) -Proj.: Antón García Abril

Piero Primavori - RECENT TENDENCIES IN THE APPLICATION OF DIMENSION STONES


simulation of the ciclopic façade -

extracting the blocks in the quarry and tryingto arrange themaccording to the design

Gris Mondariz granite (Spain)

phases of the finalinstallation;

casuality and precariousness are

only apparent !

final aspect

(weight = 18.000 tons)

renewed interest for stereotomic design

… … exploring new lithiclanguages and territoriesof the structural stone… …


the prototype of a “decorated dome pendentive”.The idea: to create a decorative texture on a spherical surface. Material: Lecce Stone. Des.: Arch. C.

D’Amato, G. Fallacara, V. Minenna

a short collection of experimental architectural prototypes, always characterized by a high geometrical complexity


a spiral staircase with internal load-bearing side and cantileveredsteps. Prototype realized in natural stone (italian limestone) (butalso in reinforced concrete and granulate stone)

E.L.I.C.A. Escalier à Limon Invariable pre-Comprimé et Armé Design:

Arch. G. Fallacara

St. Cirillo & Metodio church internaldome reconstruction. Material: Lecce Stone.

″TENSEGRILITHIC STRUCTURE″

(2014); takes its name from the English term ″Tensegrity ″ (coined in 1955 by Arch. Buckminster-Fuller), deriving from the combination of tensile and integrity. Proj. G. Fallacara, M. Stigliano


″Lihic Tree″ (2013); a pre-compressed structure, with eight arms,usable as an isolated one, or eventually iterable - Proj. Arch. G. Fallacara


volume/shape

• the impact of the technology;

A. definitive adoption of the NC working centres / WJ;

B. growing interest for robotised centres with anthropomorphic arm;

– A+B boom of 3D design;

– speed of execution, precision machining and constancyof precision;

– DS manufactures:• from a made-to-measure material for unique

applications • to main element of projects that can be

replicated on a small scale and through an industrial approach;

– creativity and fantasy of planners and designers play a major role;


?!?

Nautilus Pompilius(Cephalopoda)

Nautilus wash basin – Cappuccino marble (+ stainlesssteel base) - Des.: S. Chiocchini

idea !


?!?

bottle-cap or marble table ?


″Couture″ (Designer: Zaha Hadid)


shirt button or unusual marble

wall ? Des.: Ferruccio Laviani

(2015) wicker or twistedmarble ??Des.: Benedetta Tagliabue


(2015) marble ? or LEGO for adults ?

some creations exposed at the ItalianStone Theatre – MARMOMACC Verona Fair, 2015- 2016)


acus

lisca

caleido

corolla

organic

spongia

agave

isopode

erodescape

torso


surface


SURFACE FINISHING …. OR WHAT ?!

• a new concept of “surface“ accompanies the traditional surfaces finishings;

• surface (may be) contextual and simultaneous to shape and volume;

• not only / not necessarily a treatment on the surface; – a succession of geometric figures,– a three-dimensional motif,– a peculiar pattern etc.

• paradigm has (totally) changed: new meaning, new terms (“pelle” “texture”, “skin” etc.) for the contemporary aesthetics;

• fantasy, imagination and creativity fundamental;

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stone and ……

propagating and disseminating new ideas in natural stone

Stone and furnitures

heating systems, as an alternative to the traditional heating systems ;

(irradiation, not convection);

can be equipped with dual powersupply, electrical and/or hydraulic;

Stone Materials: Coral Limeston (top left), Botticino marble (top right), Marina Pearl (bottom left), Sardinia Trachyte (bottom right)

STONE & HEAT

totally customisable, installed at the wall

with a hang support;

any type of stonecan be used


Refurbishment of Plaza del Torico – Teruel (Spain); A carpet of basalt (cm 30x15x8) with an innovative lighting system consisting of 1.230 luminaries LED lamps embedded in the ground that have the ability to change color using a video program which can generate different textures and rythms light; Proj.: Arch. Fermín Vasquez

STONE & LIGHT


Mohegan Sun (Uncasville, Connecticut; the 2nd largest Casino in U.S.A.) - over 12.000 stone translucent panels (white, green and honey onyx + Breccia Paradiso)

Supreme Court, Singapore; Translucent panels of Portugal Pink marble


STONE & LIGHT


recyclying and designing

an endlessrecyclability

… …THERE ARE NO STONE MATERIALS THAT CANNOT BE USED TO MAKE SOMETHING … …

… … discovering hot water … ……

… … recyclable in the past … … … … recyclable today ... … … … recyclable in the future … …

recycle = a pillar of the sustainability, of the circular economy;

final disposal

reuse, recycle, recover

use, maintenance

installation, laying

transport, distribution

processing

production

provision/supply

ALWAYS POSSIBLE !!!

reuse, recycle, recover


DIMEN-SION

STONES

blocks for artificialreefs; breakwaters,

bridle creeks

opus incertum, mosaics,

novelties, design, artesanal

objetcs, furniture

complementsroads substrate, ballast, wall

plastics, paints, additive for soils, fertilizers etc.

raw material for cement, concrete, plasters, ceramics,

mortars

Paper industry, pharmaceuticalindustry, cosmetics, chemical industry

RECYCLABILITY

granulates, light aggregate for concrete, crushed stone


Jeju, Korea - Series of residential art-villasJeju, South Korea - the rock-topped curved roofs were inspired by the forms of the island’s oreums, the jejuword for a distinct, small volcanic cone prevalent on the island; Proj.: Arch. Kengo Kuma & Ass.


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Wurrungwuri sculptures: a wave-likestructure, realized with discardedblocks of sandstone. Royal BotanicalGarden, Sydney.

Sphinx Garden, Amsterdam

High School, North Atlanta: façadecladded with discards of basalt


″borderline″ stones

thin veneers (0.5÷2mm) of stone pulled away from the original thicker stone slabs by adhering a thin layer of fiberglass/polyester resin composite;

DLayer

When the resins cure the composite is "pulled" or "stripped" away taking with it the thin layer of stone;

Stone (slate) + resin + glass fiber(0,1÷2 mm) ±different types of support;

1,2 ÷ 1,6 kg/m2

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• it is (probably) useful to clearly define the boundary between authenticnatural stone and ″something″ containing stone

natural ? in what sense ?

• stone = spontaneously existing, as such, in nature;

Gra

nu

late

s, p

ow

de

rs

resins

mix

ture

s

energyfabricated

product(not NATURAL)

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PIETRA VERA PIETRA VULCANICA NATURALEPIETRAVIVAPIETRE DI FIUMEQUICKSTONEPIETRE DI FIUME QUICKSTONESAFESTONESANDWAVESTONEGLASSSTONESTECHNISTONETRAFFIC STONEVERA PIETRA NATURALE AUTENTICA VERO MARMO

!!!

MULTIPIETRANEW-STONE PIETRA ACRILICAPIETRA ACRILICA NATURALEPIETRA ARTIFICIALEPIETRA DI FABBRICA (o PIETRA FABBRICATA)PIETRA ECOPIETRA ECOCOMPATIBILEPIETRA ECOLOGICAPIETRA FABBRICATA PIETRA FLESSIBILEPIETRA HIGH-TECH PIETRA NATIVA PIETRA NATURALE CRYSTALSTONES PIETRA NATURALE DIETETICAPIETRA NATURALE RICOSTITUITAPIETRA RICOMPOSTAPIETRA RICOSTITUITA PIETRA RICOSTRUITAPIETRA RIGENERATAPIETRA SCAGLIATAPIETRA SINTETICA PIETRA TECNICAPIETRA TECNOLOGICA

ARDESIA ARTIFICIALE BIOMARMOBIOPIETRA CONGLOMERATOEASY STONEECOMARMO ECOPIETRA ECOSTONEENGINEERED MARBLEENGINEERED STONEFALSO MARMOFREESTONEGEOPIETRAGRANITO CERAMICOLAMINAMLIGHTSTONEMARMO HIGH-TECH MARMO RICOMPOSTO MARMO ROYALMARMO-QUARZO MARMO SINTETICOMARMOTECHMARMOREI HYDRAZZOMARMORESINA

beware of many self-declared, or appointed,

″NATURAL stones″ or alternative

material defined″natural″ ;

It is importantto appreciate the

difference


• a huge potential for innovative and diversified applications, … … its credentials to be re-defined !!

o naturalness,o recyclability, o standards, regulations,o safety (fire; chemical; toxicological;

contamination; electrostaticcharges/electromagnetic fields; technical-structural; etc. etc.);

o environmental performances (…. LCA, carbon footprint, etc.),

o healthiness/hygiene,o (recently reconsidered) tech

performances (acoustic, insulation etc.),

o durability,o maintainability,

• in the new perspectives of circulareconomy, and environmental and social sustainability

• natural stone competitive advantages can no longerdisregard these aspects !!

• natural stone too often considered (only) for:– its original connotations (strenght, weight, symbolic role, “gravity”,

mechanical performances);– its traditional uses (claddings, pavings, funerary arts, monumental purposes);

• potential future applications:

Thank you for your attention

Casa do Penedo (1972), Fafe Mountains, Portugal


Documents

RECENT TENDENCIES IN THE APPLICATION OF ...Black Zimbabwe granite, 3 mm + 6 mm support 5 mm stone + 13 mm honeycomb support = kg 45 (instead of 162). Carrara Statuario Venato marble;