radioshack

Recognize the signs in:

• Yourself

• As a Passenger

• Other Drivers

The National Road Safety Foundation, Inc.

How much sleep did you get last night?

How much should you have?

How much should a teenager have?

Would you believe 9 to 10 hours?

Did you know?

• 85% of adolescents get less than recommended sleep on school nights

• 56% of teens report getting less sleep than they need

• By 12th grade average sleep on school nights is 6.9 hrs.– By end of week sleep debt=10.5 hours

Good Sleep

• Healthier

• Attractive

• Taller

• Stronger

• Faster

• More athletic

• Smarter

NSF poll

• 28% fall asleep at least one time per week• 22% fall asleep doing homework• Less sleep

– Lower grades– Depressed mood

• “A” Students– Sleep 15 min more than B students– 26 min more than C students– 36 min more than D students

• Teachers were able to predict students sleep amounts by academic and classroom behavior

Primary Symptoms of ADHD

• Hyperactivity

• Inattention

• Impulsivity

• Distractibility

• Difficulty concentrating

• Forgetful

• Difficulty waiting or taking turns

Sleep Deprivation in Kids

• Hyperactivity

• Inattention

• Impulsivity

• Distractibility

• Difficulty concentrating

• Forgetful

• Oppositional behavior

• Moodiness and irritability

Did you know?

• It is estimated that at least 50% of kids diagnosed with ADHD actually have sleep disorder.

What happens when you don’t sleep?

Consequences of Sleep Deprivation• Cognitive and social impairment• Decreases ability to think

– Creative– Problem solving– Abstract thought– Decision making/judgement

• Mood and depression• Reduced endurance• Increased risk seeking behavior• Impaired motor function

– Decreased coordination– Blurred vision– Prolonged reaction time

• Delayed visual reaction time• Delayed auditory reaction time

Fatigue vs. Alcohol

17 hours sustained wakefulness produces performance impairment = .08% BAC

24 hours = .10% BAC (Dawson & Reid, 1997; Williamson & Feyer, 2000).

Synergistic effectOn 4 hours sleep, 1 beer can have the impact of a six-

pack (Roehrs et al., 1994)

*Approximate breath ethanol concentration (BrEC) at peak; †Above 0.05% for legal intoxication in many states. N=32 healthy subjects without prior sleep deprivation and with 85% sleep efficiency. Sleep loss group (n=12) was tested in all 4 conditions, with 3 to 7 days of recovery time between tests, and compared with ethanol group (n=20).Roehrs T, et al. Sleep. 2003;26:981-985.

BrE

C, %

*

Sleep time (hours in bed)

0.045

0.095 0.102

0.190

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

6 4 2 0

Le

ga

l Into

xic

atio

n†

Hours of Sleep and Equivalent Blood Alcohol Level for Sedative Effects

Why don’t you get enough sleep?

Not a priority

Not enough sleep

• Sleep just is not set as a priority– School– Homework– Sports– Social life– Television– Internet– Etc all get in the way

They want to sleep, but aren’t able

• Their internal clock is shifted several hours later.– Bedtimes shifts to 11-1am

• Trying to go to bed at 10 is similar to adult trying to go to bed at 8 pm

– Wake up times shift accordingly • Shortened sleep time

Junk sleep

• 98.5% have at least one electronic device in their bedroom (TV, Phone or mp3 player)– 65% had all 3– Greater number of items

• Less amount of sleep

• Greater amount of daytime sleepiness

Sleep Disorders

• Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

• Restless Legs/Periodic Limb Movement

• Parasomnias

• Insomnia– Stress/worry/body clock

Tips to help sleep

• Make sleep a priority!!!!!• Establish regular sleep schedule and routine

– Encourage relaxing, non-alerting activity• Read• Write • Avoid TV and PC

• Make Bedroom a NO gadget zone.– Place recharging station in kitchen not bedroom.

• Avoid Caffeine. • Expose yourself to light in the morning.• Exercise, but not too close to bedtime.• Avoid late naps

What are signs of Drowsy Driving?

• Difficulty focusing• Frequent blinking• Daydreaming at the wheel• Drifting from your lane• Swerving or tailgating• Can’t remember last few miles driven• Yawning and head snaps• Missing exits or traffic signs

Who drives drowsy?

Who Drives Drowsy? By age

30-64, 52% 65+, 19% 18-29, 71%

51% of adolescents who drive report that they have driven drowsy in the past year

16% of 11th graders and 20% of 12th graders drive drowsy once a week or more. *

* NSF's 2006 Sleep in America poll

Indicators of Typical Drowsy Driving Crash

Between midnight and 6:00 am Secondary peak in midafternoon

Lone, Male driverA single vehicle drifts off the road

Hits stationary objectOr rolls vehicle

Most are rear-end or head-on collisionsMany involve serious injuries and/or fatalitiesNo severing or skid marks (Pack, 1995, Knipling &

Wang 1995)

Driver ASLEEP, DROWSY

Driver DISTRACTED

(As specified on 1043 reports)

- 82%

- 18%

Drift-off crashes as Self Report

• This suggests that drivers are able to accurately assess sleepiness while driving but do not act accordingly– Nabi, Et al 2006, BMJ

How do YOU stay awake while driving?

Which of these work?• Energy Drinks

• Roll down the windows

• Turn up the radio (49%)

• Talk on cell phone (22%)

• Change radio station, CD or MP3

• Turn down the air conditioning

• Sing along with the radio

• Speed (11%)

• Text Message (11%)

Countermeasures• Watch for the warning signs of fatigue

– Co-pilot • If sleepy

STOP DRIVING

GET ENOUGH SLEEP!!!!!

• Take a 20-30 minute nap• Consume at least 200 mg of caffeine prior

• 75% of  teens reported seeing their peers driving while fatigued.

How you can help• Tell everyone you know our story.• Never Drive Drowsy.• Visit TyREDD website or Facebook page. Share

the link and help spread the word.• Never ride in a car with a Drowsy Driver.• Plan ahead, get enough sleep, and recognize the

signs of Drowsy Driving• Never Believe this won't happen to you….Tyler

Did now I am telling his story to save someone else's life!