Reconstruction

Healing a Broken Nation

Reconstruction

Lincoln’s Plan Pardon confederates who

take a oath of loyalty to the U.S. Constitution

10% of voters take oath and support 13th Amendment a state gov’t could be established

Will not recognize the concept of secession

Very lenient plan

Radical Republicans

Thaddeus Stevens & Charles Sumner

Punishment must be the goal

Confederate generals must be removed from power forever

Protect Republican control of congress

Create a Republican party in the south

Secure a tariff, National Bank, and Transcontinental Railroad

Wade-Davis Bill 1864

Passed by the Radical Republicans in Congress Southern States would be placed under military

rule Majority of the people must take an oath to the

U.S. Constitution States must pass laws that prohibit slavery and

honor all war debts Lincoln “pocket veto’s” Wade-Davis Bill, enrages

the Radical Republicans

Andrew Johnson’s Plan

Lincoln’s death changed everything

Johnson favored moderate plan like Lincoln

Southern civilians as Governors

Cancel war debts, withdraw proclamation of secession

Johnson and Radical Republicans would battle

Radical Republicans Plan

14th amendment – granted citizenship

Rebellion states, revert back to territories

5 military states would be established

African Americans must be allowed to vote for leaders in south

No Confederate leader is allowed in government

Radical legislation

Tenure of Office Act Freedman’s Bureau Civil Rights Act of 1865 All were vetoed by

Andrew Johnson Radical Republicans

were able to override all of the veto's

Johnson’s Impeachment

Fires Secretary of War Stanton

House finds this grounds for Impeachment

35 Senators vote “guilty” 19 Senators vote “not guilty” wins by 1 vote

Remains President, but he no longer has power

Election of 1868

Radicals solidify control of US

Elect war hero U.S.S. Grant

Elected with the help of Black voters

Ku Klux Klan

15th amendment secured voting rights for African Americans

KKK grew to scare blacks from voting Scare tactics Made their life a living hell

Jim Crow Laws

Legal laws to prevent African Americans from voting

Poll Tax Literacy Test Grandfather Clause Black codes: curfew, land restriction, lower

wages Plessy Vs. Ferguson: enforced separate but

equal

End of Reconstruction

Election of 1876 Democrats = Samuel Tilden, NY Republicans = Rutherford B.

Hayes, OH Tilden wins popular vote, and 3

southern states send in two different electoral ballots

Republicans in House pick Hayes

Southern Democrats agreed to support Hayes if he would withdraw military from south