Reconstruction• This project focuses on both architecture and

perspective• You will learn the technique, “perspective,”

which will teach you how to draw and see in 3D so your art will appear more realistic.

• You will choose 2 “structures” to combine together in a new and exciting way.

• You will use pencil, ruler, sharpie, and watercolors to create a unique artwork.

Perspective DrawingPerspective DrawingDuring the Renaissance artists became interested in making two-dimensional (flat) artwork look three-dimensional. They developed a system to show depth logically and consistently.

Perspective Many of the earlier works

artists created showed little depth.

Does this picture reflect

depth? Why or why not?

How could this picture be changed to increase its’ depth?

PerspectiveArtists used mathematics and close observation to invent linear perspective.

Linear perspective allows artists to trick the eye into seeing depth on a flat surface.

PerspectiveInfluential People during the Renaissance

Art:MichelangeloLeonardo da Vinci

ScienceGalileo

LiteratureShakespeare

Raphael, School of Athens, One-point linear perspective

You can see the top of an object if it is below eye level, below the Horizon Line.

If an object is above eye level, above the Horizon Line, you can not see it’s top.

Horizon LineThe place where the earth and the sky meet.Represents the viewer’s eye levelHorizontal

Vanishing Point The single point on the horizon where all the lines on the ground level seem to come together and meet.

Orthogonal LineLines that meet at the vanishing point. They appear to go back into space. Diagonal.

Based on the fact that objects appear to get smaller as they go away from us, we know they also get closer together, or narrower.

. . . like fence posts

. . . and telephone poles . . .

HOW did we do it?

1 Point Perspective

bookshelf

table

desk

You

rug

Aerial View

If you are standing facing the wall straight on, this is how it would appear. All parallel lines are going to the ONE Vanishing Point !

In one point perspective, there is one vanishing point from which all lines radiate outwardly from.

• Use one point perspective when you are facing a wall.

Artists use one-point perspective to show objects face-on.

Most lines are vertical, horizontal, or orthogonal drawn to a single vanishing point.

2 Points

1 Point

Essentially . . .

If you are facing a flat wall straight on . . . use 1 Point !

If you are facing a corner(inside or out) . . . use 2 Points !

Let me show you . . .

Notice how much smaller this photo is in order to make room for the orthogonals to reach the vanishing points within our view! When drawing you can make a smaller picture area on a larger piece of paper, or attach flaps of paper to the sides of your drawing paper.

*

Two-Point PerspectiveIn two-point perspective, there exist two points from which an object’s lines radiate from; the sides of the object vanish to one of two vanishing points on the horizon line. An object’s vertical lines do not relate to the perspective rules of the horizontal lines.  

2 Point Perspective

desk

Aerial View

If you are standing facing the corner, this is how it would appear. All parallel lines are now going to TWO Vanishing Points !

The Vanishing Points go OFF the paper!

bookshelf

table

You

rug

Eye Level Line

Value• Value is an element of design.• Value is defined as the lightness and

darkness in an art work. • Value can be black, white and ranges of

grays • or it can be a color and the lights(tints)

and darks (shades) of that color.

Techniques for creating Value:Hatching

Cross-hatching

Stippling

Gradation

Steps to create the project:

• After completing the packet quiz grade• Choose 2 “structures” to use in your final project• Draw the buildings each on a sheet of paper

using correct perspective• Use sharpie to add values• Use watercolor paints• Cut up both artworks in an interesting way• Then reassemble them into one new and

creative way.• Link to Picasa Web Album to see examples

Strips

Zig–Zag strips

triangles

Also think about the color scheme. These are obviously NOT the realistic colors.

Even though they cut their pictures into squares, they put them together in a more randomized way rather than alternating every other one like the ones you have seen. Appears PIXELATED!

Practice: Follow along to draw using

One-Point Perspective

Draw a square or rectangle In your picture plane.

Now connect three corners of your rectangle or square to the vanishing point. These are orthogonals.

Draw a horizontal line between the two orthogonals where you want your forms to end.

Vertical lines go from the top of the page to bottom of the page and are perpendicular to the bottom edge of the picture. Along with

orthogonal and horizontal lines they make up a one-point perspective drawing.

Practice: Follow along to create objects using two-point Perspective

Draw two vanishing points on the horizon line nearthe page edges.

Now draw a vertical line this is your front edge. Draw it in near the bottom middle of the page, so you have plenty of room to add more forms to your building.

Now connect the both ends of the front edge to both vanishing points. These are orthogonals. Draw lightly so you can erase!

Draw two vertical lines between the orthogonals where you want the back edges of your form to appear.

Now join the back and top corners to the opposite vanishing point to complete the top of the form.

Erase the extra orthogonals. Now you have a form drawn in two-point perspective!

First complete the flash tutorial at the website:

http://www.olejarz.com/arted/perspective/

This will help familiarize you with how to draw 3D.