Recreational Sport Mountain Climbing

7/29/2019 Recreational Sport Mountain Climbing

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RECRATIONAL SPORT

MOUNTAIN CLIMBING


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WHAT IS MOUNTAIN CLIMBING?

Mountaineering or the sport of climbing

mountains is simply one of the finest outdoor

opportunities available to the lover of high

places.

Mountain climbing is all about challenge and

perseverance, about putting hands and feet

onto rocks and ice and snow and finallyreaching a summit.


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There, high above the world of cities and

civilization, the climber can pause and look

across a natural world ruled by nature and her

raw beauty.


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EQUIPMENTS


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A rock climber wearing equipment: A helmet,

harness with attached rope, spring-loaded

cams, nuts, quickdraws.


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Typical nuts and a nut tool

Nuts are manufactured in many different

varieties. In their simplest form, they are just a

small block of metal attached to a loop of cordor wire. They are used by simply wedging them

into narrowing cracks in the rock, then giving

them a tug to set them. Nuts are sometimes

referred to by the slang term, wires.

Black Diamond Hexcentrics

Hexes are related to nuts, and consist of a

hollow eccentric hexagonal prism with tapered

ends, usually threaded with cord or webbing.

They are manufactured by several firms, with a

range of sizes varying from about 10mm thick

to 100mm wide. Sides may be straight or

curved.


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A Belay glove

Belay gloves have been shunned by climbers

who claim that gloves educe grip on and

control over the roper. For other climbers,belay gloves are a useful aid for belaying on

long climbs. In particular, when lowering a

climber they remove the possibility of rope

burn and the subsequent involuntary release

of the rope.

Chalk Bags with chalk ball

These are hand-sized fabric bags for holdingclimbers' chalk. Chalk bags are usually cylinder-

or pouch-shaped and have openings that are

controlled by drawstrings. The inner fabric is

usually fleece, which traps chalk powder.


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A figure eight descender

Figure eights allow fast but controlled descent

on a rope. They are easy to set up and are

effective in dissipating the heat caused by

friction but have a tendency to put a twist in

the rope.

An SLCD placed in a crack

The SLCD is used like a syringe, by pulling the

cams via a "trigger" (a small handle) which

forces them closer, inserting it into a crack or

pocket in the rock, and then releasing the

trigger.

Spring-loaded camming devices


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A Petzl Elios climbing helmet

The climbing helmet is a piece of safety

equipment that primarily protects the skullagainst falling debris (such as rocks or dropped

pieces of protection) and impact forces during

a fall.

climbing anchor

Ropes used for climbing can be divided into

two classes: dynamic ropes and low elongation

ropes. Dynamic ropes are designed to absorb

the energy of a falling climber, and are usually

used as Belaying ropes. When a climber falls,

the rope stretches, reducing the maximum

force experienced by the climber, their belayer,

and equipment


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ATC-XP on locking carabiner

Active belay devices have a built-in mechanism

that locks off the rope without the help of any

other pieces of equipment.

A daisy chain

A daisy chain is a strap, several feet long and

typically constructed from one-inch tubularnylon webbing of the same type used in

lengthening straps between anchor-points and

the main rope


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CLIMBING TIPS


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1. Picture yourself on a ladder when you climb,move from one hold to the next as relaxed as if

you were ascending the rungs or steps of aladder.

2. Avoid over gripping holds with your hands. Youwill quickly tire your arms out.

3. Use your feet like you would your hands.

4. Trust your feet. You can stand on your legs allday. You dont hang with your arms all day. Too

often people hang on their arms and then fall off,sailing right past a monster ledge they could havehad their feet on.


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5. Trust your belayer, and focus on climbing. Ifyou are worried your belayer doesnt have you,

find a new belayer you can trust. 6. Concentrate on what is within reach.

Sometimes you can use an intermediate hold (asmaller hold between secure holds) to get to a

better hold. 7. Climb from the bottom up, not top down. Of

course, if you can see the top of the route, look tosee if there is a pattern working from the goal

down to where you are, but when you start toclimb, focus on the climbing at the bottom of theroute as you climb up.


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8. Climb in an X shape with your hips being the middle ofthe X. Hang with your arm straight. Your skeleton can takemuch more of a load than your muscles can. If the heel of

your foot is hanging too far down you may notice your legstart to shake like a sewing machine. This is very commonoccurrence, simply apply more weight to your toes so yourcalf muscle spasm can stop.

9. Fear of heights is normal. Climbing is all about

conquering those fears. Time will cure the fear of heights. Agood trick is to look down no further than your feet tocorrectly place them on the best part of the hold.

10. Take your time. Climb like a cat doesquiet, deliberate,and precise. Picture the move, and then execute it. Use all

of your limbs, not just two. The lower the angle of theclimb, the more time you have, so use it. Make each moveas fluid as possible.


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TIPS FOR SAFE CLIMBING


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1. Always Check Harnesses

After youve geared up, always check that both the

climbers and belayers harness buckles are doubledback.

2. Always Check Knots

Before you start climbing, always double check thatleaders tie-in knot is tied right and finished with abackup knot. Also check that the rope is threadedthrough both the harness waist loop and the leg loops.

3. Always Wear a Helmet

A climbing helmet is essential if you want to live long

and prosper. Always wear one when climbing orbelaying. Helmets protect your head from falling rocksand from the impact of falling.


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4. Always Check the Rope and Belay Device

Before you lead a route, always double check that the rope isproperly threaded through the belay device . Also, always make

sure the rope and belay device are attached with a lockingcarabineer to the belayers harness.

5. Always Use a Long Rope

Make sure your climbing rope is long enough to reachthe anchors and lower back down on a sport route or to reacha belay ledge on multi-pitch routes. When sport climbing, if youhave any doubt that the rope is too short, always tie a stopper knotin the tail end to avoid being dropped to the ground.

6. Always Pay Attention

When youre belaying, always pay attention to the leader above.Hes the one taking the risks of a fall. Dont visit with other climbers

at the base, talk on a cell phone, or discipline your dog or kids.Never take the leader off belay unless you are absolutely certain heis tied in and safe and he communicates that to you.


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7. Always Bring Enough Gear

Before you climb a route, always eyeball it from the

ground and determine what you need to bring. Youknow best. Dont rely strictly on a guidebook to tell you

what to bring. If its a sport route, verify visually how

many bolts need quick draws. If in doubtalways bring

more than you think you need. 8. Always Climb With the Rope Over Your Leg

When youre leading, always make sure the rope is

over your leg rather than between them or behind one.

If you fall with the rope in this position, you will flipupside down and hit your head. Wear a helmet forprotection.


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9. Always Properly Clip the Rope

Make sure you always clip your rope through

carabineers on quick draws correctly. Avoid backclipping, where the rope runs front to back rather thanback to front in the carabineer. Make surethe carabineer gate faces opposite your direction of

travel, otherwise the rope can come unclipped. Alwaysuse locking carabineers on important placements.

10. Always Use Safe Anchors

At the top of a pitch or route, always use at least two

anchors. Three is better. Redundancy keeps you alive.On a sport route, always use locking carabineers ifyoure lowering down to top-rope off the anchors.

Documents

Recreational Sport Mountain Climbing