Upload
dodien
View
215
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
REDDREDD--plusplus,,Toward 2020 Emission CutToward 2020 Emission Cut
Wandojo SiswantoWandojo SiswantoSenior Adviser to the Minister on PartnershipChairman of Climate Change Working Group
The Ministry of ForestryThe Ministry of ForestryThe Ministry of ForestryThe Ministry of ForestryApril 2010
1
REDDREDD ll R lR lREDDREDD--plusplus RelevanceRelevance
1 Country land area: app 187 millions ha population: app 225 millions; 1. Country land area: app. 187 millions ha, population: app. 225 millions; 2. 7 major islands and 33 provinces, autonomous governance system;3. ±70 % of the country area are forestland/state forest (± 37 % of them are
degraded at various levels, forest lost 2000-2005 ± 1.18 million ha/year);4. Forest transition from the east (Papua: low historical DD) to the west (Sumatra:
fhigh historical DD, Java: forest cover increases).
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
2
REDDREDD l il i I d iI d i CCREDDREDD--plus iplus in Indonesian Indonesiann ContextContextAs of in Bali Action Plan refers to:As of in Bali Action Plan refers to:
Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, Role of conservation, Sustainable management of forest, andEnhancement of forest carbon stocks
In the context of climate change, all Indonesian forestry activities, basically fall under the category of REDD-plus
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
3
REDDREDD--plusplus iin Indonesian Indonesiann ContextContext(continued)
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation, through g , gavoiding/ reducing forest conversion to other uses, forest encroachment which leads to permanent land use changespermanent land use changes,Reducing Emissions from forest degradation, through Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) and other SFM practices, curbing illegal logging and forest encroachment, fire management, Maintaining forest carbon stocks through forest Maintaining forest carbon stocks, through forest conservation, and carbon stock management
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
4
REDDREDD--plusplus iin Indonesian Indonesiann ContextContext(continued)
Enhancing forest carbon stocks, through planting g , g p gactivities including HTI, HTR, HR, RHL, and assisted natural regeneration including forest restoration and other management approaches restoration, and other management approaches such as Social Forestry and Community Forestestablishment. Role of Conservation, through protected area and ecosystem management effectiveness as well as biodiversity conservationbiodiversity conservation.
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
5
REDDREDD--plusplus iin Indonesian Indonesiann ContextContext(continued)
REDD-plus in Indonesia is an internalization REDD plus in Indonesia is an internalization of global agenda and externalization of local and national issuesOn this basis:
Indonesia has developed REDDI Road Map prior to COP 13 phased approachCOP-13 phased-approach,REDD-plus is national approach with sub-national implementation,Means of Implementation is expected to be fund-based for readiness and capacity building, and market-based for full implementation.
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
6
REDDREDD l I l t til I l t tiREDDREDD--plus Implementationplus ImplementationBased on the Road Map of REDDI, Indonesia is p ,currently under “Readiness Phase”,Readiness activities basically focus on preparing “REDDI Infrastructure” for full implementation REDDI Infrastructure for full implementation post 2012 where compliance market is expected to emerge, The REDDI infrastructure includes: Policy The REDDI infrastructure includes: Policy interventions to address drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, including role of conservation sustainable management of forest conservation, sustainable management of forest, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks, methodological and institutional aspects, as well as demonstration activitiesas demonstration activities.
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
7
REDDREDD ll Ph dPh d pp hpp hREDDREDD--plusplus PhasedPhased--approachapproachPhase 1 (preparatory Phase): Phase 1 (preparatory Phase): Identification of Knowledge, technology and relevant policies (2007 -2008)Phase 2 (Readiness Phase): prepare methodological and Policies for REDDI (2009-2012)Phase 3 (Full Implementation): based on CO d h l bCOP decisions when REDD-plus become UNFCCC scheme post-2012
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
8
REDDREDD--plusplusStrategy Readiness Phase (2009 – 2012)
LEVELLEVEL STRATEGY CATEGORYSTRATEGY CATEGORY
NATIONALNATIONAL 1. Policy interventions to tackle drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation
2. REDD regulations (REDD Guidelines and REDD National approach,
Commission) Ministerial Regulation on REDD 3. Methodology (establishment of National REL and MRV
system) GoI – Australia, FCPF, UNREDD4. Institutional arragements (Financing, including
distribution of incentives and responsibilities; National Registry; capacity building; stakeholders communication and coordination among REDD institutions; stakeholders consultation) GoI- Australia, FCPF, UNREDD
5. Analytical works (REL, MRV, Co-benefits, risks, etc) GoI-FCPF
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
9
REDDREDD--plusplusStrategy Readiness Phase (2009 – 2012)... (continued)
LEVEL STRATEGY CATEGORY
ProvincialProvincial
sub-national
1. Methodology (establishment of Provincial REL and MRV system)
2. Institutional (capacity building, stakeholders sub national implementa-tion
communication and coordination among REDD institutions, stakeholders consultation)
3. Demonstration Activities, Voluntary carbon projects
DistrictDistrict 1 Methodology (establishment of District REL and MRV DistrictDistrict
sub-national implementa-tion
1. Methodology (establishment of District REL and MRV system)
2. Institutional (capacity building, stakeholders communication and coordination among REDD institutions stakeholders consultation)tion institutions, stakeholders consultation)
3. Demonstration activities (GoI-Germany; GoI – TNC,WWF, ITTO, Korea, UNREDD) Voluntary carbon projects
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
10
Indonesia’s Forest Co erIndonesia’s Forest Co erIndonesia s Forest CoverIndonesia s Forest CoverUnits: Million hectare
Forest CoverForest CoverForestlandsForestlands NonNon--ForestlandsForestlands TotalTotal
A (h )A (h ) %% Area Area %% Area Area %%Area (ha)Area (ha) %% Area Area (ha)(ha) %% Area Area
(ha)(ha) %%
Forested Forested 92.328
(Primary=43801 49% 8.412 4% 100.740 54%LOA=48526)
Non ForestedNon Forested 40.071 21% 46.976 25% 87.047 46%
TotalTotal 132.399 71% 55.388 29% 187.787 100%
Source: Landsat imagery 7 ETM+ of 2005/2006 (217 scenes)Intepreted in 2007 Published in 2008
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
Intepreted in 2007, Published in 2008
11
N ti l GHG I t 2000N ti l GHG I t 2000National GHG Inventory 2000National GHG Inventory 2000Waste28 3%28,3%
Energy50,5%
Agriculture13,6% Waste
Industry7,7%
Energy20% Industry
3%
Agriculture
Peat Fire13%
Waste11%
Agriculture6%
Land Use Change
and
Source: MoE, 2009
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
Forestry47%
12
N ti l GHG I t 2000N ti l GHG I t 2000National GHG Inventory 2000National GHG Inventory 2000SectorSector Ton CO2eTon CO2e
Energy 280,938
Industry 42,815
Agriculture 75,420
Land Use Change and Forestry (excl. peat fire) 649,254
Peat Fire 172,000
Waste 157,328
Total without LUCFTotal without LUCF 535,730535,730
Total with LUCF (incl. peat fire)Total with LUCF (incl. peat fire) 1.356,9841.356,984
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
Source: MoE, 2009
13
F r st FirF r st Fir (1997(1997 2009)2009)Forest Fire Forest Fire (1997 (1997 –– 2009)2009)200.000
140.000
160.000
180.000
ots
80.000
100.000
120.000
of H
otsp
o
20.000
40.000
60.000
Num
ber o
01997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YearTotal Hutan Non Hutan
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
Total Hutan Non Hutan
14
HigHighhest Hotspot Distributionest Hotspot Distributionbby Province (1999 – 2009)45.000
30 000
35.000
40.000 1999
2000
2001
20.000
25.000
30.0002002
2003
2004
2005
5 000
10.000
15.000 2006
2007
2008
2009
0
5.000 2009
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
15
N ti l Ci tN ti l Ci tNational CircumtancesNational CircumtancesDifferent national circumstances demand Different national circumstances demand for flexible approaches for REDD-plus
social, economical and biological distribution
Phased-approach, national - sub nationalare among the flexibility that is needed to enable all forest countries participate in REDD-plus
d it i i t t th t b th h and so it is important that both approaches should not be prescriptive (e.g. regarding phases and activities within phase)p p )
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
16
Reference Level andReference Level andR f E i i L lR f E i i L lReference Emission LevelReference Emission Level
COP-15 Decision on methodological COP 15 Decision on methodological guidance: should be established transparently taking into account historical data, and adjust for national circumstances, Indonesia’s REDD: national approach with sub-national implementation,
At th ti l l l RELAt the national level: RELAt the sub-national level: REL/RL
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
17
Reference Level andReference Level andR f E i i L lR f E i i L lReference Emission LevelReference Emission Level
Both technically and institutionallyBoth technically and institutionallychallenging:
Technically: in ensuring the consistency or glinking between sub-national REL/RL with national REL,Institutionally: institutional and human Institutionally: institutional and human resource capacity, especially at the sub-national level.
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
18
Systems, Requirements and Systems, Requirements and M th d l i s f r MRVM th d l i s f r MRVMethodologies for MRVMethodologies for MRV
MRV of actions by developing countries vs MRV of actions by developing countries vs MRV of supports from developed countries
should be balanced.
Issues to be settled: is MRV for REDD-plus part of MRV for NAMAs?
the NAMAs concept is still unclear both NAMAs by developing countries and developed countries’ NAMAcountries NAMA.
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
19
Systems, Requirements and Systems, Requirements and M th d l i s f r MRVM th d l i s f r MRVMethodologies for MRVMethodologies for MRV
MRV in forestry has long been practiced MRV in forestry has long been practiced by forest countries, however, developing MRV system for REDD-plus demand for additional resources for developing the system as well as for building institutional
it t d i th capacity to manage and improve the system over time.
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
20
Pl ti Pl T r t f 2010Pl ti Pl T r t f 2010 20202020Planting Plan Target of 2010 Planting Plan Target of 2010 –– 20202020Community Community Watershed Watershed Plantation Plantation LoA LoA Supported Supported
Units: thousand hectare
YearYearyy
and Village and Village ForestsForests
Watershed Watershed RehabilitationRehabilitation
Plantation Plantation ForestsForests
LoA LoA RestorationRestoration
ppppCommunity Community
ForestForestTotalTotal
2010 500 300 450 300 50 1,600
2011 500 300 550 350 50 1 7502011 500 300 550 350 50 1,750
2012 500 300 500 450 50 1,800
2013 500 350 600 650 50 2,150
2014 500 350 550 750 50 2,200,
2015 500 300 450 300 50 1,600
2016 500 300 550 350 50 1,750
2017 500 300 500 450 50 1,800
2018 500 350 600 650 50 2,150
2019 500 350 550 750 50 2,200
2020 500 350 500 750 50 2,150
TotalTotal 55,,500500 33,,550550 55,,800800 55,,750750 550550 2121,,150150
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
21
E i i d Si k S iE i i d Si k S i (GT CO2 )(GT CO2 )Emission and Sink ScenariosEmission and Sink Scenarios (GT CO2e)(GT CO2e)
Net Net i k
1.241 1309
1,200
1,400
2e
emitter sinker
1.31
0.707
0.893
0,600
0,800
1,000
ga Ton
CO2
0.71
0.89
0,200
0,400 Gig
‐
2020Emisi BAU Penanaman 500.000 ha RENSTRA Kehutanan
NoteNote: : Deforestation Rates constant at Deforestation Rates constant at 11,,125 125 mill. mill. ha per ha per yearyearoteote e o estat o ates co sta t ate o estat o ates co sta t at ,, 55 a pea pe yeayea
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
22
S t i bl P t F t M tS t i bl P t F t M tSustainable Peat Forest ManagementSustainable Peat Forest ManagementPeatlands Distribution
IslandIslandArea (ha)Area (ha)
ForestlandsForestlands NonNon-- TotalTotal
PapuaPapua 8,654,803 134,168 8,788,971
ForestlandsForestlands ForestlandsForestlands TotalTotal
KalimantanKalimantan 4,390,557 1,350,349 5,740,906
SumatraSumatra 5,580,474 1,644,174 7,224,648
TotalTotal 18,625,834 3,128,691 21,754,525
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
23
P li P t F tP li P t F tPolicy on Peat ForestPolicy on Peat ForestLimit the conversion of peat forest for other uses mainly Limit the conversion of peat forest for other uses - mainly on production forest, land swap;Control the peat fire and illegal activities - illegal logging, encroachment;Implement sustainable manner on the peat production forest - micro delineation;Implement a better water management of the utilized peat forestland - Re-wetting dam construction; forestland Re wetting, dam construction; Strengthen the management of peat protected areas -national parks, nature and wildlife reserves, nature forest parks;REDD l h i i ti l f ti REDD-plus mechanism as incentives - role of conservation, sustainable management of forest, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks.
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
24
ClosingClosingClosingClosing1. As part of national target to reduce emissions ~
26 % b 2020 iti ti ti l i f t 26 % by 2020, mitigation action plan in forestry is already in the mainstream of forestry sector development planning;
2. Indonesian Forestry is a land use sector which heavily affected by the need of forestland for other sector development;
3. Emissions reduction target from forestry sector need to be set in the national development context;
4. Domestic funding will not sufficient to achieve the target set for forestry sector, especially to cover the costs to address drivers of deforestation and forest degradation;
The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
25
Cl iCl iClosingClosing5. REDD-plus scheme is expected to provide p p p
financial resources to cover the costs of actions and incentives which result in emissions reduction carbon stock conservation and carbon reduction, carbon stock conservation and carbon stock enhancement.
6. Need more research as scientific bases for a better peat-forest and peat-lands management.
7. Best practices for peat-lands utilization and rehabilitation on both forest and non rehabilitation on both forest- and non forestland.
26The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia
27The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia