Causes of the IR - Textiles

The Industrial Revolution

Homework

• Refer to ‘Glossary for Unit 1 – IR’• As a study tool for yourself, you are required to write definitions (in your own words) for all key terms, and key people, in the first COLUMN.

IR – a process

Cheaper prices + increased

supply

Surplus Income + increased demand

New businesses + new inventions

The Textile Industry

From this

To this

What was the Cottage Industry?

Cottage IndustryTown

Lynn’s wool farm

Daniel’s House

Matilda’s House

Josh’s House

Luka the Merchant

Factory System

Factory

Cedric’s House

Jonathan’s House

Ted’s House

Jad’s House

Factory System

How do you make textiles?

Step One

Step Two

John KayFlying Shuttle 1733

The Flying Shuttle

What problems will the industry have now?

James Hargreaves1765

The Spinning Jenny

Water Frame

Richard Arkwright1769

Water to Steam

Discuss with your neighbor what impact this will have on the LOCATION of textile factories (also called mills)?

The Power Loom

Young “Bobbin-Doffers”Young “Bobbin-Doffers”What type of jobs could children

perform?Why?

A revolution begins…• These machines revolutionized industry• 1790 - 10 times more yarn was being made

than in 1770. • By 1800, it was the main industry in UK• Cotton was imported from the US and India• Shipped into Liverpool• By rail to Manchester and other towns

Pair activity:Create a flow chart showing the links between the inventions and how they created a boom in the textile industry

One thing leads to another…

• Greater demand for yarn

Flying Shuttle 1733

Textile mills in the

Midlands 1800s

Game Time

Internet Activity:• Go to: • http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/

victorians/launch_gms_cotton_millionaire.shtmlon “Who wants to be a cotton millionaire”

• Play the game and discover if you have what it takes to be a Manchester millionaire!

Textile FactoryWorkers in England

1813 2,400 looms 150, 000 workers

1833 85, 000 looms 200, 000 workers

1850 224, 000 looms >1 million workers

Pair Activity:In pairs, look at these statistics, and write a question about the relationships between loom and worker numbers, and years.Speculate / use your historical imagination to answer your own question.Then separate and work with another (split) pair to ask your question, and answer their question.

Statistics and Evidence

• Why do you think that historians are interested in numbers and statistics?

• In what ways can they use this information?

Year lbs.

1701 1,985,868

1710 715,008

1720 1,972,805

1730 1,545,472

1741 1,645,031

1751 2,976,610

1764 3,870,392

1775 4,764,589

1780 6,766,613

1790 31,447,605

1800 56,010,732

Year £

1701 23,253

1710 5,698

1720 16,200

1730 13,524

1741 20,709

1751 45,986

1764 200,354

1780 355,060

1787 1,101,457

1790 1,662,369

1800 5,406,501

(Raw) Cotton imported to Britain

Cotton Textiles (products) exported from Britain

Drop Drop

increase

Increase

What is the overall trend shown by the above statistical charts?

Speculate / use your historical imagination to guess why there may have been drops and increases in the above statistical charts…

The Factory System× Rigid schedule.

× 12-14 hour day.

× Dangerous conditions.

× Mind-numbing monotony.

Think:Can you make connections to your

school life?

Camera Assembly / Production LineGermany 1965

Motherboard Assembly / Production LineChina Present

To do:In pairs, discuss and record advantages of this type of production.

Textile Factory England

To do: In pairs, make 2 observations based on this image.

Homework

• Refer to ‘Glossary for Unit 1 – IR’• As a study tool for yourself, you are required to write definitions (in your own words) for all key terms, and key people, in the first COLUMN.