Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
References
i
Agnihotri, K. 1997. Physiomorphological changes associated with adventitious root
formation in culm branch cuttings of some bamboos of central India. Ph. D.
Thesis, Forest Research Institute (Deemed) University, Dehradun, 103p.
Agnihotri, K. and Ansari, S. A. 2000. Adventitious rhizogenesis in relation to
seasonal variation, size of culm branch cuttings and IAA treatment in
bamboos. Indian Forester, 126: 971- 984.
Agnihotri, R. K., Mishra, J. and Nandi, S. K. 2009. Improved in vitro shoot
multiplication and rooting of Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Nees et Arn. Ex
Munro: production of genetically uniform plants and field evaluation. Acta
Physiologia Plantarum, accepted May 2009.
Ahloowalia, B. S. and Maretzki, A. 1983. Plant regeneration via somatic
embryogenesis in sugarcane. Plant Cell Reports. 2: 21-25.
Ahlwat, S.P. and Singh, U.V. 2000. Mass propagation of Bambusa balcooa, B. nutans
and B. tulda through culm cuttings. Arunachal Forest News 18: 35-40.
Ahmed, A. 1998. Nitrate accumulation and nitrate reductase activity during rooting of
pea cuttings trated with auxins. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 26:
470-472.
Albani, M. C. and Wilkinson, M. J. 1998. Inter simple sequence repeat polymerase
chain reaction for the detection of somaclonal variation. Plant Breeding
117:573-575.
Alexander, M. P. and Rao, T. C. 1968. In vitro culture of bamboo embryo. Current
Science 37: 415.
Aliou, N. Diallo, M. S. and Dame N. 2006. In vitro regeneration of adult trees
ofBambusa vulgaris. African J. of Biotechnology 5: 1245-1248.
Ammirato, P. V. 1983. Embryogenesis. In: Evans, D. A., Sharp, W.R., Ammirato, P.
V. and Yoshida, Y.,. Handbook of plant cell culture, (eds.) Mac Millan, New
York. pp. 82-123.
References
ii
Ammirato, P. V. 1987. Control and expression of morphogenesis in culture. In: Plant
Tissue Culture and its Agricultural Applications, pp. 23-45, Withers, L. A. and
Alderson, P. G. (eds.), Butterworth, London.
Anantachote, A. 1987. Flowering and seed characteristics of bamboos in Thailand In
Recent Research on Bamboos, pp-33-44: A. N. Rao; G. Dhanarajan and C. B.
Sastry (eds.). International Development and Research Center, Canada.
Annapurna D. and Rathore T.S. 2010 Micropropagation of Embelia ribes Burm f.
through proliferation of adult plant axillary shoots. In vitro cellular and
Developmental Biology 46: 180-191.
Anonymous 2003. National mission on bamboo technology and trade development.
Published by the Planning Commission, Govt. of India, New Delhi, 176 p.
Anonymous, 2005. Training Manual-Cultivating Bamboo, published by the National
Mission on Bamboo Application 73p.
Ansari, S. A. Kumar, S. and Palanisamy, K. 1996. Peroxidase activity in relation to in
vitro rhizogenesis and precocious flowering in Bambusa arundinaceae.
Current Science 71: 358- 359.
Ansari, S. A. Palanismay, K. and Kumar P. 1995. Peroxidase and nitrate reductase
activity in relation to rhizogenesis in Populus deltoids Marsh. Indian Journal
of Experimental Biology 33: 892- 893.
Aoshima, Y. 2005. Efficient embryogenesis in the callus of tea (Camellia sinensis)
enhanced by the osmotic stress or antibiotics treatement. Plant Biotechnology,
22: 277- 280.
Armstrong, C. L. and Phillips, L. 1988. Genetic and cytogenetic variation in plants
regenerated from organogenic and friable embryogenic tissue culture of
Maize. Crop Science 28: 363-369
Arshad, S. M., Kumar, A. and Bhatnagar, S. K. 2005. Micropropagation of Bambusa
wamin through shoot proliferation of mature nodal explants. Journal of
Biological Research 3: 59-66.
References
iii
Arya, I. D. and Arya, S. 1997. In vitro culture and establishment of exotic bamboo
Dendrocalamus asper. Ind. J. Exp. Biol. 35: 1252-1255.
Arya, S. and Sharma, S. 1998. Micropropagation technology of Bambusa bambos
through shoot proliferation. Indian Forester 124: 725-731.
Arya, S. Satsangi, R. and Arya, I. D. 2008 (a). Direct regeneration of shoots from
immature inflorescences in Dendrocalamus asper (edible bamboo) leading to
mass propagation. Journal of American Bamboo Society 21: 14- 20.
Arya, S. Sharma, S. Kaur, R. and Arya, I. D. 1999. Micropropagation of
Dendrocalamus asper by shoot proliferation using seeds. Plant Cell Rep. 18:
879-882.
Arya, S., Kanth, A., Sharma, D. and Arya I. D. 2008. Micropropagation of two
economically important boambos: Drepanostachyum falcatum (Nees) KENG
and Bambusa balcooa Roxb. Indian Forester 134: 1211-1221.
Arya, S., Sharma, S., Kaur, R. and Arya, I. D. 1999. Micropropagation of
Dendrocalamus asper by shoot proliferation using seeds. Plant Cell Reports
18: 879-882.
Arya, S.; Satsangi, R. and Arya, I. D. 2008 (b). Large scale plant production of edible
bamboo Dendrocalamus asper through somatic embryogenesis. Bamboo
Science and Culture. Journal of American Bamboo Society. 21: 21- 31.
Bag, N., Chandra, S., Palani, L. M. S. and Nandi, S. K. 2000. Micropropagation of
Devringal (Thamnocalamus spathiflorus (Trin) Munro) – a temperate bamboo
and comparison between in vitro propagated plants and seedlings. Plant
Science 156: 125-135.
Bajaj Y. P. S. Bopp M. and Bajaj S. 1973. Patterns of peroxidase and differentiation
in Sinapis alba, Phytomorphology 23:43p.
Banik, R. L. 1994. Review of conventional propagation research in bamboo and
future strategy. INBAR Technical Report No.5 - constraints to production of
bamboo and rattan, INBAR, New Delhi, pp 115-142.
References
iv
Banik, R. L. 1995. Selection criteria and population enhancement of priority
bamboos. In: Genetic enhancement of bamboo and rattan, pp. 99-110,
Williams, J.T., Ramanuja Rao, I.V. and Rao, A.N. (eds.), New Delhi - INBAR
Technical Report No. 7.
Bapat, S.A., Rawal, S.K. and Mascarenhas A. F. 1992. Isozyme profiles during
ontogeny of somatic embryos in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Plant Science
82: 235-242.
Barrett, J. D. Park, Y. S. and Bonga, J. M. 1997. The effectiveness of various nitrogen
sources white spruce {Picea glauca (Moench)Voss.} somatic embryogenesis.
Plant Cell Rep. 16: 411-415.
Bohmer, P. Meyer, B. and Jacobson, H. J. 1995. Thidiazuron induced high frequency
of shoot induction and plant regeneration in protoplast derived pea callus.
Plant Cell Reports 15: 26-29.
Bonfill, M. Cusido, R. M. Palzon, J. Canut, E. Pinol M. T. and Morales, C. 2003.
Relationship between peroxidase activity and organogenesis in Pinax ginseng
callus. Plant Cell,Tissue and Organ Culture 73: 37-41.
Bonga, J. M. and Aderkas, P. V. 1992. In vitro Culture of trees. Kluwer Academic
Publisher, Netherland, pp55- 71.
Booij, I. Monfort, S. and Macheix, J. J. 1993. Relationships between peroxidases and
budding in date palm tissues cultured in vitro. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ
Culture, 35: 165- 171.
Bornet, B., and Branchard, M. 2001. Nonanchored inter simple sequence repeats
(ISSR) markers: reproducible and specific tools for genome fingerprinting.
Plant Molecular Biology Report 19: 209-215.
Button, J. and Bornman, C. H. 1971. Development of nucellar plants from unfertilized
ovules of Washington Naval orange through tissues culture. Citrus Grower
and Sub-Tropical Friut. J. 453: 11-14.
Calderon-Baltierra, X. V. 1994. Changes in peroxidase activity during root formation
by Eucalyptus globulus shoot raised in vitro. Plant Peroxidase Newsletter, 4.
References
v
Carlberg, I. Jonsson, L. Bergenstra Hle A. and Kenneth, S. 1987. Purification of a
trypsin inhibitor secreted by embryogenic carrot cells. Plant Physiol. 84: 197-
290.
Cella, R. and Carbonera, D. 1997. Peroxidases and morphogenesis. Plant Peroxidase
Newsletter.10.
Chalupa, V. 1987. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Picea, Quercus,
Betula, Tilia, Robinia, Fagus and Aesculus. Common. Inst. For. Cech. 15:
133-148.
Chalupa, V. 1988. Large scale micropropagation of Quercus robur L. using adenine
type cytokinin and thidazuron to stimulate shoot proliferation. Biologia
Plantarum 30: 414-421.
Chalupa, V. 1995. Somatic embryogenesis in birch (Betula pendula Roth). In:
Somatic embryogenesis in Woody Plants, Vol., 2, pp.137-151, Jain, S. Gupta,
P. and Newton, R. (eds.), Dordrecht: Kluwewr Academic Publishers.
Chambers, S. M. Heuch, J.H.R. and Pirrie, A. 1991. Micropropagation and in vitro
flowering of the bamboo – Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Munro. Plant Cell
Tissue and Organ Cult. 27: 45-49.
Chang, W. C. and Lan, T. H. 1995. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration
from roots of bamboo (Bambusa beechayana Munro var. beechayana).
Journal of Plant Physiology 145: 535- 538.
Chatrah, A. Chander, R. Khetrapal, S. and Polisetty, R. 1996. Changes in nitrate,
amino acid and sugar content during growth and differentiation of chickpea
explants (Cicer arietinum), Indian J physiology 1:80.
Chaturvedi, H.C, Sharma, M. and Sharma, A.K. 1993. In vitro regeneration of
Dendrocalamus strictus Nees through nodal segment taken from field grown
culm. Plant Sci. 91: 97-101.
Chaudhary, M. K. Y., Vasil, V. and Vasil, I. K. 1994. Molecular analysis of plants
regenerated from embryogenic cultures of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Theo.
and Appl. Genet. 87: 821-828.
References
vi
Chawla H. S. 1991. Regeneration potentiality and isozymic variations during
morphogenesis of barley callus. Biologia Plantarum 33:175-180.
Chawla, H. S. 1988. Isozyme modification of callus from barley and wheat, Plant Cell
Tissue and Organ Culture 12: 299-304.
Chawla, H. S. 1989. Regeneration of callus from different explants and changes in
isozyme during morphogenesis in wheat Biol. Plant. 31:
Cheeseman, J. and Tankou, S. 2005 Nitrate reductase and growth of Arabidopsis
thaliana in solution culture. Plant and Soil 266: 143- 152.
Chen, L. J., Luthe D. S. 1987. Analysis of proteins from embryogenic and non-
embryogenic rice (Oryza sativa L.) calli. Plant Sci. 48:181-188.
Cheong, E. L. and Pooler, M. R. 2004. Factors affecting somatic embryogenesis in
Prunus incisa cv. February Pink. Plant Cell Rep. 22: 810-815.
Conner, A. J. and Thomas, M.B. 1981. Re-establishing plantlets from tissue culture. A
review. Proc. Int. Plant. Prop. Soc 31: 342-357.
Coppens, L. and Dewitte, D. 1990. Esterase and peroxidase zymograms from barley
(Hordeum vulgare L.) callus as a biochemical marker system of
embryogenesis and organogenesis. Plant Sci. 67: 97-105
Corredoira, E., Ballester, A. and Vietez, A. M. 2003. Proliferation, maturation and
germination of Castanea sativa Mill. Somatic embryos originated from leaf
explant. Ann.Bot. 92: 129-136.
Cortalazzo, A. L. Marais, M. F. and Joseleau, J. P. 1996. Changes in peroxidases in
the suspension culture of Rubus fruticosus during growth. Plant Cell, Tissue
and Organ Culture 46: 27- 33.
D’Amato, F. 1985. Cytogenetics of plant and tissue culture and their regenerants.
CRC Critical Reviews in Plant Sci. 3: 73-112.
Darlington, C.D. and Wylie, A.P. 1955. Chromosome Atlas of flowering plants.
References
vii
Das, M. and Pal, A. 2005. Clonal propagation and production of genetically uniform
regenerants from axillary meristem of adult bamboo. Journal of Plant
Biochemistry and Biotechnology 14: 185-188.
Das, P. and Rout, G. R. 1991. Mass multiplication and flowering of bamboo in vitro.
Orissa Journal of Horticulture 19: 118-121.
De Jong, A. J., Schmid, E. D. L. and De Vries, S. C. 1993. Early events in higher
plant emrbyogenesis. Plant Mol. Biol. 22: 367-377.
Devarmath, R. M. Nandy, S., Rani, V., Marimuthu, S., Muraleedharan, N. and Raina,
S. N. 2002. RAPD, ISSR and RFLP fingerprints as useful markers to evaluate
genetic integrity of micropropagated plants of three diploid and triploid elite
tea clones representing Camellia sinensis (China type) and C. assamica spp
Assamica (Assam-India type ). Plant Cell Rep. 21: 166-173.
Devi, W. S. and Sharma, G. J. 2009. In vitro propagation of Arundinaria callosa
Munro- an edible bamboo from nodal explants of mature plants. The open
plant science journal 3: 35-39.
Dinus, R. J. and Tuskan, G. A. 1997. Integration of molecular and classical genetics: a
synergic approach to tree improvement. USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep.
pp 220-235.
Doyle, J. J. and Doyle, J. L. 1990. Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. BRL
Focus 12:13-15.
Dudits, D. Gyogyey, J. Bogre, L. and Bako, L. 1995. Molecular biology of somatic
emrbyogensis. In: In vitro embryogenesis in plants, pp. 267-308, Thorpe, T. A
(ed.) Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publishers.
El- Kassaby, Y. A. 1991. Genetic variation within and among conifer populations:
review and evaluation of methods. In: Biochemical markers in the population
genetics of forest trees, pp. 61-76, Fineschi, S., Malvoltt, M. E., Cannata, F.
and Huttemer, H. H. (eds.), Academic Publishers, Netherland.
References
viii
Elhag, H. M., Whipkey, A. and Janick, J. 1988. Factors affecting asexual
embryogenesis via callus in Theobroma cocoa L, Arab. Gulf. J. Scient, Res.
Agr.Biol. 6:31-43.
Elhag, H. M., Whipkey, A. and Janick, J.1987. Induction of somatic embryogenesis
form callus in Theobroma cocao L. in response to carbon source and
concentration. Rev. Theobroma 17: 153-162.
Emons, A. M. C. 1994. Somatic embryogenesis: Cell biological aspects. Acta
Botanica Neerlandica 43: 1-14.
Evans, D. A. Sharp, W.R., and Medina-Filho, H.P. 1984. Somaclonal and
gametoclonal variation. American Journal of Botany 71: 759-774.
Evanse, D. A. and Sharp, W.R. 1983. Single gene mutations in tomato plants
regenerated from tissue culture. Science 221: 949-951
Everret, N. P. Wach, M.J. and Ashworth D.J. 1985. Biochemical markers of
embryogenesis in tissue cultures of the maize inbred B73. Plant Sci. 41: 133-
140.
Faisal, M. Ahmed, N. and Anis, M. 2005. Shoot multiplication in Rauvolfia
tetraphylla L. using thidiazuron. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 80:
187-190.
Faure, O. Dewitte, W. Nougarede, A. and Van,O.H. 1998. Precociously germinting
Somatic embryos of Vitis vinifera have lower ABA and IAA levels than their
germinating zygotic counterparts. Physiologia Plantarum 102: 591-595.
Fiola, J. A. Hassan, M.A. Swartz, H. J. Bors, R. H. and McNicols, R. 1990. Effect of
thidiazuron, light influence rates and kanamycin on in vitro shoot
organogenesis from excised Rubus cotyledons and leaves. Plant Cell, Tissue
and Organ Culture 20: 223-228,
Fisichella, M. Silvi, E. and Morini, S. 2000. Regeneration of somatic embryos and
roots from quince leaves cultured on media with different macronutrient
composition. Plant Cell Tissue and Org.Cult. 63: 101-107.
References
ix
Forest, J. C. and Weightman, F. Amino acid metabolism in plants, II 1972.
Transamination reaction of free protein amino acids in cell free extract of
cotyledon and growing tissues of bushbeanseedling (phaseolus vulgaris L.).
Can J. Biochem, 50.
Fransz, P. F. de Ruitter, N. C. A. and Schel, J. H. N. 1989. Isozyme as biochemical
and cytochemical markers in embryogenic callus cultures of maize (Zea mays
L.). Plant Cell Rep. 8. 67-70,
Gahan, P. B. and George, E. F. 2008. Adventitious Regeneration. Plant propagation
by tissue culture, 3rd Edition, George, E. F. Hall, M. A. and Klerk, G. D. (eds),
Springer, pp. 355-401.
Gamble, J. S. 1896. The Bambuseae of British India. Bishen Singh and Mahendar Pal
Singh Publishers, Dehradun 252p.
Gamborg, O. L. and Phillips, G. C. 1995. Plant cell and tissue organ culture-
fundamental methods. Heidelberg, New York: Springer-Verlag.
Garcia-Martin, G. Manzanera, J. A. and Gonzalez-Benito, M. E. 2005. Effect of
exogenous ABA on embryo maturation and quantification of endogenous
levels of ABA and IAA in Quercus suber somatic embryos. Plant Cell, Tissue
and Organ Culture. 80: 171-177.
Gaspar, T., Kevers, C., Hausman, J. F., Berthon, J. Y. and Repetti, V. 1992. Practicle
uses of peroxidase activity as a predicted marker of rooting performance of
micropropagated shoots. Agronomy 12: 757- 765.
Geilis, J. and Oprins, J. 1998. The strategic role of biotechnology in mass scale
production of woody bamboos. In: Sustainable agriculture for food, energy
and industry, pp. 165-171, El Bassam, N., Bhel, R. K. and Prochnow, B.
(eds.), James and James, London.
Geilis, J., Peeters, H. and Deberg, P. C. 2002. Tissue culture strategies for genetic
improvement of bamboo. In: Proceeding of the twentieth Intl. Eucarpia
symposium, section ornamentals – “Strategies for new ornamentals” Acta
Horticulture 552: 195-203.
References
x
George, E. F. Hall M. A. and De Klerk G.-Jan 2008. Micropropagation: Uses and
methods plant propagation by tissue culture, pp 29-64.
Gillis, K., Gielis, J., Peeters, H., Dhooghe, E. and Oprins, J. 2007. Somatic
embryogenesis from mature Bambusa balcooa Roxb. as basis for mass
production of elite forestry bamboos. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture
91:115-123.
Giri, C. C., Shyamkumar, B. and Anjaneyulu, C. 2004. Progress in tissue culture,
genetic transformation and applications of biotechnology to trees: a overview.
Trees 18: 115-135.
Gmitter, F. G. Jr. and Moore, G. A. 1986. Plant regeneration from undeveloped
ovules and embryogenic calli of Citrus: embryo production, germination and
plant survival. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Cult. 6: 139-147.
Godbole S., Sood A., Sharma M., Nagar P.K. and Ahuja P.S. 2004. Starch deposition
and amylase accumulation during somatic embryogenesis in bamboo
(Dendrocalamus hamiltonii). J. plant physiology 161: 245-248.
Godbole, S., Sood, A., Thakur, R., Sharma, M. and Ahuja, P. S. 2002. Somatic
embryogenesis and its conversion into plantlets in a multipurposes bamboo,
Dendrocalamus hamiltonii. Nees. Et. Arn. Ex. Munro. Current Science 83:
885- 889.
Goleniowski, M. DelLongo, O., DeForchetti, S. M. and Arguello, J. A. 2001.
Relationship between peroxidases and in vitro bulbification in garlic (Allium
sativum). In vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology- Plant 37: 683- 686.
Gonzalez-Benito, M. E. Carvalho, J. M. F. and Perez, C. 1997. Somatic
embryogenesis of an early cotton cultivar. Pesq. Agrop. Bras. 32: 485-488.
Gould, J., Banister, S., Hasegawa, O., Fahima, M. and Smith, R. H. 1991.
Regeneration of Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense from shoot open
tissues for tranforamtion. Plant Cell. Rep. 39: 12-16.
Gunes, T. 2000. Peroxidase and IAA oxidase activities during rooting in cuttings of
three Poplar species. Turkish Journal of Botany, 24: 97- 101.
References
xi
Guo, W., Li, Y., Gong, L., Li, F., Dong, Y. and Liu, B. 2006. Efficient
micropropagation of Robinia ambigua var. idahoensis (Idaho Locust) and
detection of genomic variation by ISSR markers. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ
Culture 84: 343-351.
Guru, S. K., Chandra, R., Khetrapal, S., Raj, A. and Palisetty, R. 1999. Protein pattern
in differentiating explants of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Indian Journal of
Plant Physiology 4: 147-151.
Gyorgyey, J., Gartner, A., Nemeth, K., Magyar, Z., Hirt, H., Heberle-Bors, E. and
Dudtis, D. 1991. Alfalfa heat shock genes are differentially expressed during
somatic embryogenesis. Plant Molecular Biology 16: 999- 1007.
Haba, De La, Aguerra, P.E. and Maldonado, J. M. 1988. Development of nitrogen
assimilating enzymes in sunflower cotyledons during germination as affected
by the exogenous nitrogen source. Planta 173: 52- 57.
Halperin, W. 1995. In vitro embryogenesis: some historical issues and unresolved
problems. In: In vitro embryogenesis in plants, pp. 1-16, Thorpe, T. A (ed.)
Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht.
Hasan, S.M. and Tsuchiya, T. 1977 Glutamate transport driven by an electrochemical
gradient of sodium ion in membrane vesicles of B. Biochemical and
Biophysical Research Communications 78:122-128.
Hashmi, G., Huettel, R., Meyer, R., Krusberg, L. and Hammerschlag, F. 1997. RAPD
analysis of somaclonal variant derived from embryo callus culture of peach.
Plant Cell Reports 16: 624-627.
Hassan, A.E. and Debergh, P. 1987. Embryogenesis and plantlet development in the
bamboo Phyllostachys viridis (Young) McClure. Plant Cell,Tissue and Organ
Culture 10: 73-77.
Hela, S., Ali, O. M. S., Mukhtar, T., Abdulmajid, R. and Mohammed, M. 2000. Rapid
construction of a random genomic library from date-palm (Phoenix dactylifera
L.). Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 17: 409.
References
xii
Heller, R. 1953. Recherches surla nutrition minerale de tissues vegetau cultivees in
vitro. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. Et. Bio. Veg. 14: 1-223.
Higashi K., Kamada H. and Harada H. 1996. The effect of reduced nitrogen
compounds activity is involved in the development of somatic embryos in
carrot. Plant cell, Tissue and organ culture 45:109-114.
Hirel, B. and Gadal, P. 1980. Glutamine synthetase in rice a comparative study of the
enzyme from roots and leaves. Plant Physiol. 66: 619-623.
Ho, W. J. and Vasil, I. K. 1983. Somatic embryogenesis in sugarcane (Saccharum
officinarum L.): Growth and plant regeneration from embryogenic cell
suspension cultures. Annales of botany 51: 719-726.
Hu Shang-Lian, Zhou Jian-ying, Cao Ying, Lu Xue-qin, Duan, Ning, Ren Peng and
Chen Ke. 2011. In vitro callus induction and plant regeneration from mature
seed embryo and young shoots in a giant sympodial bamboo, Dendrocalamus
farinosus (Keng et Keng f.) Chia et H.L. Fung. African Journal of
Biotechnology 10: 3210-3215.
Hu, C. and Van Huytsee, R. B. 1989. Role of carbohydrate moieties in peanut
peroxidases. Biochemistry Journal 263: 129- 135.
Huang, L. C. and Murashige, T. 1983. Tissue culture investigation of bamboo I:
Callus culture of Bambusa, Phyllostachys and Sasa. Botany Bulletin of
Academic Sinica 24: 31- 52.
Huang, L.C. Huang, B. L. and Chen, W. L. 1989. Tissue culture investigation of
bamboo – IV. Organogenesis leading to adventitious shoot and plantlets on
excised shoot apices. Enviorn. and Exp. Bio. 29: 307-315.
Huetteman, C. A. and Preece, J. E. 1993. Thidiazuron: a potent cytokinin for woody
plant tissue culture. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 33: 105-119.
Hwang, S. C. and Ko, W. H. 1987. Somaclonal variation of bananas and screening for
resistance to Fusarium wilt. In: Proceeding of the International workshop on
Banana and plantation breeding strategies pp Presley, G. J. and Langhe, E. A.
(ed.) Work. Cairms, Australia.
References
xiii
Ilah, A. Abdin, M. Z. and Mujib, A. 2002. Somatic embryo irregularities in in vitro
cloning of Sandal (Santalum album L.). Sandalwood Research Newsletter 15:
2-3.
Janaki Ammal, K. K. 1959. A cyto-systematic survey of Bambuseae I. Bobsi. 1: 78-
84.
Janjen, D. H. 1976. Why bamboos wait so long to flower. Ann. Rew. Ecol. Syst. 7:
347-391.
Jaworski, E. G. 1971. Nitrate reductase assay in intact plant tissue. Biochem. Biophys.
Res.Commun. 43: 1274- 1279.
Jayaseelan, M. and Rao M. V. 2005. Biochemical studies of embryogenic and non-
embryogenic callus of Cardiospermum halicacabum L. Ind. J. of Exp. Biol.43:
555-560.
Jimenez, V. M., Jhamna, C. Elena, T. Eric, G. and Mayra, M. 2006. In vitro
propagation of the neotropical giant bamboo, Guadua angustifolia Kunth,
through axillary shoot proliferation. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 86:
389-395.
John, C. and Tankou, S. 2005. Nitrate reductase and growth of Arabidopsis thaliana
in solution culture. Journal of Plant and Soil 266: 143- 152.
Joshi, P. and Dhawan, V. 2007. Assessment of genetic fidelity of micropropagated
Swertia chirayita plantlets by ISSR marker assay. Biologia Plantarum 51: 22-
26.
Jullien, F. and Tran Than Van, K. 1994. Micropropagation and embryoid formation
from young leaves of Bambusa glaucescencs ‘Golden goddes’. Plant Science
98: 199- 207.
Kabade, A.U. 2009. Studies on refinement of protocols for rapid and mass in vitro
clonal propagation, evaluation of genetic fidelity and growth performance of
bamboo species – Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss and Dendrocalamus strictus
(Roxb.) Nees, Ph. D. thesis, FRI University, Dehra Dun 198 pp.
References
xiv
Kanmenge, G. and Omokolo, D. N. 2003. Changes in phenol content and peroxidase
activity during in vitro organogenesis in Xanthosoma sagittifolium L. Plant
Growth Regulation 40
Kapoor, P. and Rao, U.I. 2006. In vitro rhizome induction and plantlet formation from
multiple shoots in Bambusa bambos Var. Giganta Bennet and Gaur by using
growth regulators and sucrose. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 85: 211-
217.
Kay, L. E. and Basile, D. V. 1987. Specific peroxidase isozyme are correieted with
organogenesis. Plant Physiol. 84: 99-105.
Kenis, J. D. Silvente, S.T. Luna, C.M. and Campbell, W.H. 1992. Induction of nitrate
reductase in detached corn leaves: The effect of the age of the leaves.
Physiology Plant 85: 49- 56.
Kephart, S. R. 1990. Starch gel electrophoresis of plant isozymes: A comparative
analysis of techniques. American Journal of Botany 77: 693-712.
Khavkin, E. E. Misharin, S. I. Ivanov, V. N. and Danovich, K. N. 1977. Planta 135:
225-231.
Kirbey, E. G., Leustek, T. and Lee, M. S. 1987. In: Nitrogen nutrition Cell and Tissue
culture in Forestry. Vol 1 p. 237. Bonga, J. M. and D. J. Durzan, (eds.),
Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, Lanchester.
Kochba, J., Button, J., Spiengel-Roy, C.H., Bornman. and Kochba, M. 1974.
Stimulation of rooting of Citrus embryiods by gibberillic acid and adenine
sulphate. Ann. Bot. 795-802.
Kochba, J., Spiengel-Roy, H. Neumann and Saad, S. 1982. Effect of carbohydrates on
somatic embryogenesis in habituated ovular callus of Citrus cultivars. Z.
Pflazenphysiol 105: 359-368.
Kochba, J., Spiengel-Roy, H. Neumann. and Saad, S. 1978b. Stimulation of
embryogenesis in citrus tissue culture by galactose. Naturwissensehaften
65: 261.
References
xv
Komatsu, Y. H. Batagin-Piotto, K. D. Brondani, G. E. Goncalves, A. N. and De
Almeida, Marcilio 2011. In vitro morphogenic response on leaf sheath of
Phyllostachys bambusoides. Journal of Forestry Research 22: 209-215.
Kononowicz, H. and Jenick, J. 1984. Response of embryogenic callus of Theobroma
cocao L. to gibberillic acid and inhibitors of gibberillic acid synthesis. Z.
Pflanzenphysiol 113: 359-366.
Kononowicz, H., Kononowicz, A. K. and Jenick, J. 1984. Asexual embryogenesis via
callus of Theobroma cocoa L. Z. Pflanzenphysiol 113: 347-358.
Kouakou, T.H. Kouadio, Y. J. Kouame, P. Waffo-Teguo, P. Decendit, A. and
Merillon J.M. 2009. Purification and biochemical chraceterization of
polyphenol oxidase from embryogenic and non-embryogenic cotton
(Gossypium hirsutum L.) cells. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 158: 285-301.
Krishnamachari, K.S, Rangam, S.G., Ravindra, M.N. and Reddy, D.V. 1972.
Experience in the use of hard woods for paper making. IPPTA Seminar, Dehra
Dun.
Kumar, S., Suri, S. S. and Ramawat, K. G. 2003. Establishment of embryonic
cultures and somatic embryogenesis in callus cultures of guggul- Commiphora
wightii (Arnott.) Bhandari. Ind. J. Exp. Biol. 41: 69-77.
Lai, F. M. Senaratna T. and Mckersie B. D. 1992. Glutamine storage protein synthesis
in Medicago sativa L. somatic embryos. Plant science, 87:69-77.
Langhansova, L., Kpuradova, H. and Vanek, T. 2004. Polyethylene glycol and
abscisic acid improve maturation and regeneration of Panaxx ginseng somatic
embryos. Plant Cell Rep. 22: 725-730.
Larkin, P. J. and Scowcroft, W. R. 1981. Somaclonal variation a novel source of
variability from cell cultures for plant improvement. Theo. Appl. Genet.
60:197-214.
Lea, P. J. 1997. Primary nitrogen metabolism. In: Plant Biochemistry pp 273- 313 P.
M. Day, J. B. Harborn (eds), Academic Press, New York.
References
xvi
Leena, R. and Tuija, A. 2005. Genome fidelity during short and long term tissue
culture and differentially cryostored meristems of silver birch (Betula
pendula). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 83: 21-32.
Leroy, X.J., Leon, K., Hily, J.M., Chaumeil, P. and Branchard, M. 2000. Detection of
in vitro culture induced instability through inter-simple sequence repeat
analysis. Theo. Appl. Genet. 102: 885-891.
Lin, C.S. and Chang, W.C. 1998. Micropropagation of Bambusa edulis through
nodal explants of field grown culms and flowering of regenerated plantlets.
Plant Cell Rep. 17:617-620.
Lin, C.S., Lin, C.C and Chang, W. C. 2004. Effect of Thidiazuron on vegetative
tissue-derived somatic embryogenesis and flowering of Bamboo- Bambusa
edulis. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ culture 76: 75-82.
Litz, R. E. and Gray, D. J. 1995. Somatic emrbyogenesis for agricultural
improvement. World J. Microbiol. Biotech. 11: 416-425.
Liu, C.V., Vasil, V. and Vasil, I. K.1983. Improved efficiency of somatic
embryogenesis and plant regeneration in tissue cultures of maize (Zea mays
L.) Theo. Appl. Genet.66: 285-289.
Lloyd, G. B. and McCown, B.H.1980. Commercially feasible micropropagation of
mountain laural Kalmia latifolia, by use of shoot tip culture. Proceedings
International Plant Propagators Society. 30: 421-427.
Lorz, H. and Scowcroft, W. R.1983. Variability among plants and their progeny
regenerated from protoplasts of heterozygotes of Nicotiana tobacum. Theo.
Appl. Genet. 66: 67-75.
Lowry, O. H. Rosebrough, N. J. Fan, A. L. and Randall, R. J. 1951. Protein
measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry,
193: 265- 275.
Mallik , K. A. and Sexena, P. K. 1992. Regeneration in Phaseolus vulgaris L.: high
frequency induction of direct shoot formation in intact seedlings by N6-
nbenzylaminoperine and thiadiazuron. Planta 186: 384-389.
References
xvii
Mandal, A.K. and Subramanian, K.N. 1992. On the genetic improvement of bamboos.
Indian Forester 118: 55-59.
Martins, M., Sarmento, D. and Oliveira, M. M. 2004. Genetic stability of
micropropagated almond plantlets, as assessed by RAPD and ISSR markers.
Plant Cell Reports 23: 492-496.
Mauri, P. V. and Mozanera, J. A. 2003. Induction, maturation and germination of
holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) somatic embryos. Plant Cell, Tiss.and Org.Cult.
74: 229-235.
Mc Clean, N. L. Nelke, M. Nowak, J. and Wright, J. M. 1999. Meiotic chromosome
pairing, isozyme analysis and ferritin expression in a red clover mutant
capable of somatic embryogenesis, Ann. Bot. 83:315.
McCown, D. D. and McCown, B. H. 1987. North American hardwoods. In: Case
histories: Gymnosperms, Angiosperms and Palms, Cell and Tissue Culture in
Forestry, 3: 247-260, Bonga, J. M. and Durzan, D. J. (eds.), Martinus Nijhoff
Publishers, Dordrecht.
Mehta, R. Sharma V., Sood A., Sharma, M. and Sharma, R. K. 2010. Induction of
somatic embryogenesis and analysis of genetic fidelity of in vitro derived
plantlets of Bambusa nutans Wall. using AFLP marker. Eur. J. Forest Res
130: 729-736.
Mehta, U. Rao, I. V. R. and Mohan Ram, H. Y. 1982. Somatic embryogenesis in
bamboo In Proceedings of fifth International Congress on Plant Tissue and
Cell Culture.Tokyo pp 109- 110.
Merkle, S. A. Parritt, W. A. and Flinn, B. S. 1995. Morphogenic aspects of somatic
embryogenesis. In: In vitro embryogenesis in plants, pp.155-203, Thorpe, T.
A (ed). Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht.
Merkle, S. A. Wiecko, A. T. Sotak, R. J. and Sommer, H. E. 1990. Maturation and
conversion of Liriodenedron tulipifera somatic embryos. In vitro Cell. and
Dev. Biol.-Plant. 26: 1086-1093.
References
xviii
Mishra, Y. Patel, P. K. Yadav, S. Shirin, F. and Ansari, S. A. 2008. A
micropropagation system for cloning of Bambusa tulda Roxb. Scientia
Horticulturae 115: 315- 318.
Modgil, M. Mahajan, K. Chakrabarti, S. K. Sharma, D. R. and Sobti, R.C. 2005.
Molecular analysis of genetic stability in micropropagated apple rootstock
MM106. Scientia Horticulturae 104: 151-160.
Mok, M. C. and Mok, D.W.S. 1985. The metabolism of (14C)-thidiazuron in callus
tissues of Phaseolus lunatus [cotton defoliant] Physiologia Plantarum 65:
427-432.
Mok, M. C. Mok, D.W.S. and Armstrong, D. J. Shudo, K., Isogai, Y. and Okamoto,
T. 1982. Cytokinin activity of N-phenyl-N- 1,2,3-thidalzol – 5- yl urea
(Thidiazuron) Phytochemistry 21:1509-1511.
Morini, S. D’Onofrio, C. Bellochi, G. and Fisichella, M. 2000. Effect of 2, 4-D and
light quality on callus production and differentiation from in vitro culture
quince leaves. Plant Cell Tiss.and Org.Cult. 63:47-55.
Mudoi, K. D. and Borthakur, M. 2009. In vitro micropropagation of Bambusa balcooa
Roxb. through nodal explants from field-grown culms and scope for upscaling.
Curr. Sci. 96: 962–966.
Mukuntha Kumar, S. and Mathur, J. 1992. Artificial seed production in the male
bamboo Dendrocalamus strictus L. Plant Sci. 87: 109-113.
Mukunthakumar, S., Mathur, J. and Mathur, S. N. 1999. Micropropagation of
Dendrocalamus brandisii Kurz. using in vitro nodal explants. Indian Forester
125: 1239-1243.
Muralidharan, E. M. and Mascarenhas, A.F. 1995. Somatic embryogenesis in
Eucalyptus. In: Somatic embryogenesis in Woody plants, 2: pp 23-40, Jain, S.
Gupta, P. and Newton, R. (eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
Murashige, T. and Skoog, F. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay
with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum 15: 473-497.
References
xix
Murthy, B. N. S., Victor, J., Singh, R. P. S., Fletcher, R. A. and Saxena, P. K. 1996. In
vitro regeneration of chikpea (Cicer arietinum L.) stimulation of direct
organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis by thidiazuron. Plant Growth
Regulators 19: 233-240.
Nadgauda, R. S., Parasharami V. A. and Mascarenhas, A. F. 1990. Precocious
flowering and seedling behavior in tissue-cultured bamboos. Nature 344: 335-
336.
Nadgir, A. L., Phadke, C. H., Gupta, P. K., Parasharami, V. A., Nair, S. and
Mascarenhas, A.F. 1984. Rapid multiplication of bamboo by tissue culture.
Silvae Genetica 33: 219- 223.
Nagaaoka, T and Orighara, Y. 1997. Applicability of inter-simple sequence repeat
polymorphisms in wheat for use as DNA markers in comparison to RFLP and
RAPD markers. Theo. Appl. Genet. 94: 597-602.
Natali, L., Giorani, T., Cionini, G., Fambrini, M. and Cavallini, A. 1995.
Heterochromatin and repetitive DNA frequency variation in regenerated plants
of Helianthus annus L. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 91: 395- 400.
Nath, M. P. Barua, G.U. Barua, D. B. M. and Deka, P.C. 1986. Propagation of certain
bamboo species from chemistry treated culm cuttings. Ind. For. 9: 151-156.
Neale, D. B., Davey, M. E., Jermstad, K. D., Ahuja, M. R. Alosi, M. C. and Marshall,
K. A. 1992. Use of DNA markers in forest tree improvement research. New
Forests 6: 391-407.
Negi, D. and Saxena, S. 2009. Ascertaining clonal fidelity of tissue culture raised
plants of Bambusa balcooa Roxb. using inter simple sequence repeat markers.
New Forests. DOI: 10.1007/s1 1056-009-9182-3.
Negi, D. and saxena, S. 2011. In vitro propagation of Bambusa nutans Wall ex.
Munro through axillary shoot proliferation. Plant biotech. Report 5: 35-43.
Negrutiu, I. Jacobs, M. and Gasper, T. 1979. Z. Pflanzen-Physiol 91:119-126.
Nieves, N. Segura-Nieto, M. Blanco, M. A. Sanchez, M. Gonzalez , J. L. and Castillo,
R. 2003. Biochemical characterization of embryogenic and non-embryogenic
calluses of sugarcane. In vitro Cell. and Dev. Biol.- Plant 39: 343-345.
References
xx
Ogita, S. 2005. Callus and cell suspension culture of bamboo plant, Phyllostachys
nigra Plant Biotechnology 22: 119–125.
Ortiz, B. O. C., Reyes, M. E. P. and Balch, E. P. M. 2000. Somatic embryogenesis
and plant regeneration in Acacia farnesiana and A. schaffneri. In Vitro Cell
Dev Biol-Plant 36: 268-272.
Ozawa, K., Ling., D. H. and Komamine, A. 1996. High frequency somatic
embryogenesis form small suspension cultured clusters of cells of an
interspecific hybrid of Oryza. Plant Cell Tiss. and Org.Cult. 46: 157-159.
Palombi, M. A. and Domiano, C. 2002. Comparison between RAPD and SSR
molecular markers in detecting genetic variation in kiwifruit (Actinidia
deliciosa A. Chev.). Plant Cell Rep. 38: 1061-1066.
Panda, M.K., Mohanty, S., Subudhi, E., Acharya, L. and Nayak, S. 2007. Assessment
of genetic stability of micropropagated plants of Curcuma longa L. by
cytophotometry and RAPD analyses. International Journal of Intregrative
Biology 1:189-195.
Panigrahi J. Behera M. J. P. Maharana S. and Mishra R.R. 2007. Biomolcular
changes during in vitro organogenesis of Asterracantha logifolia (L.) Nees-A
medicinal herb. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 45: 911-919.
Panse, V. G. and Sukhatme, P. V. 1978. Statistical methods for agricultural workers.
ICAR Pub. New Delhi, 327p.
Paranjothy, K., Sakena, S., Banerjee, M., Jaiswal, V.S. and Bhojwani, S.S. 1990.
Clonal multiplication of woody perennials. In: Plant tissue culture:
application and limitations, pp. 190-219, Bhojwani, S. S. (ed.) Elsevier
Science Publication.
Parrott, W. A., Dryden, R.E., Vogt, S., Hildebrand, D. F., Collins, G. B. and
Williams, E. G. 1988. Optimization of somatic embryogenesis and embryo
germination in soybean in vitro. In Vitro Cell and Dev. Biol. 24: 817-820.
References
xxi
Pateman, J.A. 1969. Regulation of synthesis of glutamate dehydrogenase and
glutamine synthetase in micro-organism. Biochem. J. 115:769-775.
Patenat, L.F., Carlos-Rrefuerzo, L.R. and Barba, R. C. 2002. Somatic embryogenesis
and plantlet regeneration in mango (Mangifera indica L.). In vitro Cell and
Dev Biol –Plant 38: 173-177.
Peredo, E. L., Rvilla, M. A. and Arroyo-Garcia, R. 2006. Assessment of genetic and
epigenetic variation in hop plants regenerated from sequential subcultures of
organogenic calli. Journal of Plant Physiology 163: 1071–1079.
Peyvandi, M., Noormohammadi, Z,. Banihashemi, O,. Farahani, F,. Majid, A.,
Hosseini-Mazinani, M., and Sheidai, M. 2009. Molecular analysis of genetic
stability in long-term micropropagated shoots of Olea europaea L. (cv.
Dezful). Asian Journal of Plant Science 8: 146-152.
Phillips, R. L., Keppler, S. M. and Olhoft, P. 1994. Genetic variability of plant tissue
cultures: Breakdown of controls. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Science (USA) 91: 5222-5226.
Piola, F., Rohr, R. and Heizman, P. 1999. Rapid detection of genetic variation within
and among propagated cedar (Cedrus libani Loudon) clones. Plant Science
141: 159-163.
Prutpongse, P. and Gavinlertvatana, P. 1992. In vitro micropropagation of 54 species
from 15 Genera of bamboo. Horticultural Science 27: 453-454.
Raemakers, C. J. J. M. Jacobsen, E. and Visser, R. G. F. 1995. Secondary somatic
embryogenesis and applications in plant breeding, Euphytica 81: 93-107.
Rains, D. W. 1989. Plant tissue and protoplast culture: applications to stressphysiology and biochemistry. In: Plants and Stress, pp 181-196, Jones, H. G.,Flowers, T. J. and Jones, M. B. (eds.), Cambrigde University Press, ISBN.
Rama Rao, N. Naithani, S. C. and Singh Y. D. 1982. Physiological and biochemical
changes associated with cotton fibre development. Physiologia Plantarum 55:
204–208.
References
xxii
Ramanayake, S. M. S. D. and Yakandawala, K. 1997. Micropropagation of giant
bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro) from nodal explants of field
grown culms. Plant Science 129: 213-223.
Ramanayake, S. M. S. D., Meemaduma, V. N. and Weerawardene, T. E. 2006. In
vitro shoot proliferation and enhancement of rooting for large scale
propagation of yellow bamboo (B. vulgaris ‘Striata’). Scientia Horticulturae
110: 109- 113.
Ramanayake, S.M.S.D.and Wanniarachchi W.A.V.R 2003. Organogenesis in callus
derived from an adult giant bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus Wall. ex
Munro) Scientia Horticulturae 98 : pp195-200.
Rangan, T. S. Murashigae, T. and Bitters, W.P. 1969. In vitro studies on zygotic and
nucellar embryogenesis in Citrus. In: Proc. Int. Citrus symp, pp. 225-229, H.
B. Chapman (ed.), Univ. California, Riverside.
Rangan, T.S. Murashige, T. and Bitters, WB 1968. In vitro initiation of nucellar
embryos in monoembryonic citrus. Hort Sci.3: 226-227.
Rangaswamy, M. 2007. Studies on somatic emrbyogenesis for rapid and mass
production of high quality planting material of sandal (Santalum album L.)
and red sanders (Pterocarpus santalinus L.), evaluation of genetic fidelity and
field performance. Ph. D. Thesis, Forest Research Institute University, Dehra
Dun, Uttaranchal, India.
Rani, V. and Raina, S. N. 1998. Genetic fidelity and molecular diagnostics in
micropropagation system. In: Genetics and biotechnology in crop
improvement, pp 370-388 (eds),Gupta, P.K., Singh, S.P., Balyan, H.S.,
Sharma, P.C. and Ramesh, B. Rastogi Publication Meerut, India.
Rani, V. and Raina, S. N. 2000. Genetic fidelity of organized meristems-derived
micropropagated plants: a critical reappraisal. In Vitro Cellular and
Developmental Biology- Plant 36: 319-330.
Rani, V., Parida, A. and Raina, S. N. 1995. Random amplified polymorphic DNA
(RAPD) markers for genetic analysis in micropropagated plants of Populus
deltoids Marsh. Plant Cell Rep. 14: 459-462
References
xxiii
Rao, A. M. Padma Sree, K. and Kavi Kishor, P. B.1995 Enhanced plant regeneration
in grain and sweet sorghum by asparagine, proline and cefotaxime. Plant Cell
Reports 15: 72-75.
Rao, G. S. J. Seethalakshmi, S. and Punekar, N. S. 1988. Kinetic approaches to the
study of enzyme Regulation [PDF] from iitb.ac.inNA Rao, HSSGSJ Rao, S
Seethalakshmi… - Industrial - btc.iitb.ac.in P.1. 15. Kinetic Approaches to the
Study of Enzyme Regulation N. Appaji Rao, HS Savithri.
Rao, I. U. Rao, I. V. R., Narang, V. Jerath, R. and Pillai, K.G. 1990. Mass
propagation of bamboo from somatic embryos and their successful transfer to
forest. In: Proceeding of International Bamboo Workshop on, Bamboo current
research, pp 167-172, KFRI, Peechi.
Rao, I.U., Ramanuja Rao, I.V. and Narang, V. 1985. Somatic embryogenesis and
regeneration of plants in bamboo, Dendrocalamus strictus. Plant Cell Rep. 4:
191-194.
Rao, K. V., Suprasana,P. and Reddy, G. M. 1999. Biochemical changes in
embryogenic and non-embryogenic calli of Zea Mays L Plant science 66:127-
130.
Rao, U., Rao, I. V. R. and Narang, V. 1985. Somatic embryogenesis and regeneration
of plants in the bamboo (Dendracalamus strictus). Plant Cell Reports 4: 191-
194.
Ravikumar, R., Ananthakrishnan, G., Kathiravan, K. and Ganapathi, A. 1998. In vitro
propagation of Dendrocalamus strictus Nees. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ
Cult. 52: 189-192.
Ray, T., Dutta, I., Saha, P., Das, S. and Roy, S. C. 2006. Genetic stability of three
economically important micropropagated banana (Musa spp.) cultivars of
lower Indo- Gangetic plains, as assessed by RAPD and ISSR markers. Plant
Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 85:11-21.
Reddy, V. and Devar. 2004. Investigation on the response of growth hormones
towards growth and development of Oxytenanthera stocksii. My Forest 40:
147-152.
References
xxiv
Reinert, J. 1958. Uber die kontrolle dse morphogenese and die induction von
adventivembryonen an Gewebek ulturen aus korotten. Planta 53: 318- 333.
Roberts, M. A., Watt, M. P. and Huckett, B. I. 1996. In vitro tobacoo cultures provide
a convenient system for investigating nitrate reductase regulation during shoot
morphogenesis. Botany Bulletin Academic Sinica. 37: 51- 59.
Rout, G. R. and Das, P. 1994. Somatic embryogenesis and in vitro flowering of three
species of bamboo. Plant Cell Reports 13: 683- 686.
Rout, G. R. and Das, P. 1997. In vitro plant regeneration via organogenesis in
Bambusa vulgaris. Biologia Plantarum 39: 515- 522.
Rout, G. R., Samantaray, S. and Das, P. 1999. Root induction in microshoots of
Simarouba glauca L. in vitro: Peroxidase as marker for rooting. Silveae
Genetica, 48: 14- 17.
Rout, G.R. and Das, G. 2002. An assessment of genetic integrity of micropropagated
plants of Plumbago zeylanica by RAPD markers. Biologia Plantarum 45:
27-32.
Rugkhla, A. and Jones, M.G.K. 1998. Intra-specific hybridization between Santalum
spicatum and S. album. Ph.D thesis, Murdoch University, Western Australia.
Rugni, E. and Caricato, G. 1995. Somatic embryogenesis and plant recovery from
mature tissue of olive cultures (Olive europea L.) “Canino” and “Moraiole”
Plant Cell Rep. 44: 257-260.
Ryynänen, L. and Aronen, T. 2005. Genome fidelity during short and long term tissue
culture and differentially cryostored meristems of silver birch (Betula
pendula). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 83: 21-32.
Sabir, A., Newbury, H. J., Todd, G., Catty, J. and Ford, L. B. V. 1992. Determination
of genetic stability using isozymes and RFLP’s in plants regenerated.
Theoretical and Applied Genetics 84: 113-117.
Sanchez, O. J.; Pan, A.; Nicolas, G. and Labrador, E. 1989. Relation of cell wall
peroxidase activity with growth in epicotyl of Cicer arietinum. Effect of
calmodulin inhibitors Physiology Plant, 75: 275- 279.
References
xxv
Sanjaya, Rathore, T. S. and Ravi Shankar Rai, V. 2005 Micropropagation of
Pseudoxytenanthera stocksii Munro. In Vitro, Cellular and Developmental
Biology- Plant 41: 333-337.
Sarkar, K., Ekta, R., Syed Naseer, S., Sulochna, B., Bansal, Y. K. and Ansari, S.
A.2010. Changes in enzyme activities, soluble sugars and phenols during in
vitro adventitious shoot regeneration from leaflet explants of Albizia procera
(Roxb.) Benth. New Forests 3: 323-334
Saxena, S. 1990. In vitro propagation of the bamboo (Bambusa tulda. Roxb) through
shoot proliferation. Plant Cell Report 9: 431- 434.
Saxena, S. and Bhojwani, S. S. 1993. Clonal multiplication of 4-year old plants of
bamboo, Dendrocalamus longispathus Kurz. In Vitro Cellular and
Developmental Biology- Plant 29: 135-142.
Saxena, S. and Dhawan, V. 1999. Regeneration of large scale propagation of bamboo
(Dendrocalamus strictus Nees) through somatic embryogenesis. Plant Cell
Rep. 18: 438-443.
Scandalios, J. G. 1974. Isozymes in development and differentiation. Annu. Rev.
Plant Physiol. 25: 225-258.
Schenk, R. V. and Hildebrandt, A.C. 1972. Medium and techniques for induction and
growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant cell cultures.
Canadian Journal of Botany 50: 199-204.
Schneider, E. A. and Wightman, F. 1974. Metabolism of auxin in higher plants.
Annual Review of Plant Physiology 25: 487- 513.
Seethalakshmi, K. K. Surendran, T. and Somen, C. K. 1988. Bamboo Current
Research. In: Proceeding of the Intl. Workshop; Nov. 14-18, 1998, KFRI,
Peechi.
Seethalakshmi, K. K. Venkatesh, C. S. and Surendran, T. 1983. Vegetative
propagation of bamboos using growth promoting substances – 1 Bambusa
balcooa Roxb” Indian Journal of Forestry 6: 98-103.
References
xxvi
Sha Valli Khan, P. S., Prakash, E. and Rao, K. R. 2002. Callus induction and plantlet
regeneration in Bixa orellana L., an annatto yielding tree. In vitro Cell and
Dev. Biol-Plant 38:186-190.
Shahana, S. and Gupta, S. 2002. Somatic embryogenesis in Sesbania sesban var.
bicolor: A multipurpose fabaceaus woody species. Plant Cell, Tissue. and
Org.Cult. 69: 289-292.
Shanjani, P. S. 2003. Nitrogen effect on callus induction and plant regeneration of
Juniperus excelsa. Int. J. Agri. Biol. 5: 419-422.
Sharma, R. K. Ahuja A. Sharada M. and Govil C. M (1999). Biochemical changes
associated with morphogenesis in saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Institute for
Himalyan Bioresource Technology (CSIR) Palampur, 518-533.
Shenoy, V. B. and Vasil, I. K. 1992. Biochemical and molecular analysis of plants
derived from embryogenic tissue cultures of napier grass (Pennisetum
purpureum K. Schum.). Theo. and Appl. Genet. 83: 947-955.
Shirgurkar, M.V., Thengane, S.R., Poonamwala, I. S., Jana, M. M., Nadagauda, R.S.
and Mascarenhas, A.F. 1996. A simple in vitro method of propagation and
rhizome formation in Dendrocalamus strictus Nees. Current Science 70:940-
943.
Shirin, F. and Arya, S. 2003. Comparision of different nutrient media for in vitro
shoot multiplication and rhizogenesis in Bambusa nana Roxb. My Forest 39:
53-59.
Shirin, F. and Rana, P.K. 2007. In vitro plantlet regeneration from nodal explants of
field-grown culms in Bambusa glaucescens Wild. Plant Biotechnology
Reports 1: 141-147.
Shirin, F., Arya, S. and Arya, I. D. 2003. Effect of nutrient media on in vitro shoot
multiplication and rooting in Bambusa valgaris. Indian Journal of Tropical
Biodiversity 11: 57-62.
References
xxvii
Shirin, F., Arya, S. and Arya, I. D. 2005. Micropropagation of Bambusa vulgaris
through enhanced axillary branching from nodal segments of field grown
culms. Journal of Plant Biology 32: 33- 38.
Shu, Q. Y. Liu, G. S. Qi, D. M. Chu, C. C. Liu, J. and Li, H. J. 2003. An effective
method for axillary bud culture an RAPD analysis of cloned plants in
tetraploid black locust. Plant Cell Reports 22:175-180.
Singh, A. Negi, M. S. Moses, V. K. Venkateswarlu, B. Srivastava, P. S. and
Lakshimikumaran, M. 2002. Molecular analysis of micropropagated neem
plants using AFLP markers for ascertaining clonal fidelity. In Vitro Cellular
and Developmental Biology-Plant 38:519-524.
Singh, M., Jaiswal, U. and Jaiswal, V. S. 2001. Thidiazuron- induced shoot
multiplication and plant regeneration in bamboo (Dendrocalamus strictus
Nees.). Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology 10: 133-137.
Singh, S. Ansari, S. A. and Kumar, P. 2002. Clonal propagation of B. nutans through
culm and culm-branch cuttings. Indian Forester 128: 35-40.
Sinha, R. K. and Mallick, R. 1991. Plantlet from somatic embryo callus tissue of the
woody legume Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) W. R. Wight. Plant Cell Rep. 10:
247-250.
Skirvin, R. M., McPheeters, K. D. and Norton, M. 1994. Source and frequency of
somaclonal variation Horticultural Science 29: 1232-1237.
Smith, D. L. and Krikorian, A. D. 1990. Low external pH replaces 2,4-D in
maintaining and multiplying 2,4-D – initiated embryogenic cells of carrot.
Physiol. Plant. 70: 329-336.
Smith, M. K. 1988. A review of factors influencing the genetic stability of
micropropagated bananas. Fruits 43: 219-223.
Soderstrum, R. and Ellis, R. P. 1988. The woody bamboos (Poaceae: Bambuseae) of
Sri Lanka, a morphological – Anatomical study, Smithsonian Contribution
No.72-74.
References
xxviii
Somashekar, P. V., Rathore, T. S. and Shashidhar, K. S. 2008 Rapid and simplified
method of micropropagation of Pseudoxytenanthera stocksii. In: Forest
Biotechnology in India, pp 165-182, Ansari, S.A., Narayanan, C. and Mandal,
A. K. (eds.), Satish serial publishing house, Delhi.
Somashekher 2007. Studies on in vivo and in vitro propagation of Pseudoxynenthara
stocksii Munro. and Guadua angustifolia kunth. Important bamboo species.
Ph.D thesis Forest Research Institute Deemed University Dehra dun India.
Sood, A. Ahuja, P. S. Sharma, M. Sharma, O. P. and Godbole, S. 2002. In vitro
protocols and field performance of elites of an important bamboo
Dendrocalamus hemiltonii Nees. Et Arn. Ex. Munro. Plant Cell Tissue and
Organ Culture, 71: 55- 63.
Sood, A., Sharma, O.P. and Palni, L.M.S. 1992. Improved methods of propagation of
maggar bamboo (Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Nees et Arn. Ex Munro) using
single node taken from juvenile culm of elite seedlings. Journal of American
Bamboo Society 9:17-24.
Srivastava, H. S. 1990. Regulation of nitrate reductase activity in higher plants.
Phytochemistry 19: 725- 733.
Starrantino, A. and Russo, F. 1980 Seedlings from undeveloped ovules of ripe fruits
of polyembryonic citrus cultivars. Hort Science 15: 296–297.
Steward, F. C., Mapes, M. O. and Smith, J. 1958. Growth and organized development
of cultured cells II: Growth and division of freely suspended cells. American
Journal of Botany 45: 705- 708.
Strin, S. and Jacobsen, H. J. 1987. Marker protein for embryogenic differentiation
patterns in pea callus. Plant Cell Rep. 6: 50-54.
Suman Y, 2010. Studies on micrpropagation and biochemical analysis in Bambusa
nutans wall. Ph. D. Thesis, Forest Research Institute (Deemed) University
Deheradun.
Swedlund, B. and Locy, R. D. 1993. Sorbitol as the primary carbon for the growth of
embryogenic callus of maize. Plant Physiol. 103: 1339- 1346.
References
xxix
Tang, W. 2000. Peroxidase activity of desiccation-tolerant loblolly pine somatic
embryos. In Vitro Cellular and Development Biology - Plant Volume 36: 488-
491.
Tang, W. and Newton, R. 2005. Peroxidase and catalase activities are involved in
direct adventitious shoot formation induced by TDZ in eastern white pine
(Pinus strobes L.) zygotic embryos. Journal of Plant Physiology and
Biochemistry pp 75-77.
Tewari, D. N. 1992. A monograph on bamboo. Published by the International Book
Distributors, Dehra Dun, 498 p.
Thiruvengadam, M., Rekha, K. T. and Chung, I. M. 2011. Rapid in vitro
micropropagation of Bambusa oldhamii Munro. Philliphines Agriculture
Scientist 94: 7-13.
Thomas, T. L. 1993. Gene express during plant embryogenesis and germination: an
overview. Plant Cell 5: 1401-1410.
Thorpe T. A. and Gaspar, T. 1978. Changes in isoperoxidases during shoot formation
in tobacco callus, In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Plant 14:
522-526.
Thorpe, T. A. 2000. Soamtic emrbyogensis: morphogenesis, histology, biochemistry
and molecular biology. Korean J. Plant Cell Tiss. and Org. Cult. 69: 233-249.
Thorpe, T. A. Van, M. T. T. and Gasper, T. 1978 Isoperoxidases in epidermal layers
of tobacco and changes during organ formation in vitro, Physiologia
Plantarum 44: 388–394.
Thorpe, T. A., Stasolla, C., Yeung, E. C., de Klerk, G. J., Roberts, A. and George, E.
F. 2008. The Components of Plant Tissue Culture Media II: Organic
Additions, Osmotic and pH Effects and Support Systems. 115-173. In: Plant
propagation by tissue culture, 3rd Edition, George, E. F., Hall, M. A. and
Klerk, G. D. (eds.), Springer.
Thorpe, T.A, Harry I. S. and Kumar P.P. 1992. Application of micropropagation in
forestry. In: Micropropagation, pp 311-335 Deberg, P.C. and Zimmerman, R.
H. (eds.) Kluwer Academic Publisher.
References
xxx
Tingey, D. T.; Fites, R. C. and Baharsjah, J. 1974. Factors influencing nitrate
reduction in soyabean foliage. New Phytol 73: 21- 29.
Tremblay, L. and Trembly, F. M. 1991. Effects of gelling agents, ammonium nitrate,
and light, on the development of Picea mariana (Mill.) B. S. P. (Black spruce)
and Picea rubens Sarg. (red spruce) somatic embryos. Plant Sci. 77: 233-242.
Tremblay, L. Levasseur C. and Tremblay F. M. 1999. Frequency of somaclonal
variation in plants of black spruce (Picea mariana, Pinaceae) and white spruce
(P. glauca, Pinaceae) derived from somatic embryogenesis and identification
of some factors involved in genetic instability. American Journal of Botany
86:1373-1381.
Tsala, G. N., Omokolo, D. N. and Balange, A. P. 1996. In vitro culture of cocoyam
shoot tips: Variation of phenol and protein contents and of peroxidase and
IAA- oxidase activities during adventitious bud formation. Plant Peroxidase
Newsletter.
Tsay, H. S., Yeh C. C. and Hsu, J. Y. 1990. Embryogenesis and plant regeneration
from anther culture of bamboo Sinocalamus latiflora (Munro) McClure Plant
Cell Reports 9: 349-351.
Tusa, N., Ceraci G. and Occorso, G. 1983. In vitro culture of ovules in two Citrus
species. Hort. Abstr. 54: 135-136.
Urbanek, A., Zechmann, B. and Müller, M. 2005. Plant regeneration via somatic
embryogenesis in Styrian pumpkin: cytological and biochemical
investigations. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 79: 329-340.
Valladares, S., Sanches, C., Martinez, M. T., Ballester, A. and Viztez, A. M. 2006.
Plant regeneration through somatic emrbyogenesis from tissues of mature oak
trees: true-to-type conformity of plantlets by RAPD analysis. Plant Cell Rep.
25: 879-886.
Van Nieuwkerk, J. P., Zimmerman, R.H. and Fordham, I. 1986. Thidiazuron
stimulation of apple shoot proliferation. Horticultural Science 21: 516-518.
References
xxxi
Varghese, T. M. Kaur, A. 1991. Mcropropagation of albizia lebbeck Benth. In:
International symposium on plant biotechnology and its contribution to plant
development, multiplication and improvement ISHS Acta Horticulturaevol
289.
Vasil, V. and Vasil, I. K. 1982. The Ontogeny of somatic embryos of Pennisetum
americanum (L.) K. Schum.I. in cultured immature embryos. Botanical
Gazette, 143: 454-465.
Venkatachalam, I., Sreedhar, R.V. and Bhagyalakshmi, N. 2007. Genetic analysis of
micropropagatd and rgenerated plantlets of banana as assessed by RAPD and
ISSR markers. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology- Plant 43: 267-
274.
Walker, D. A. and Parrott, W. A. 2001. Effect of polyethylene glycol and sugar
alcohols on soyabean somatic embryo germination and conversion. Plant Cell,
Tiss. and Org. Cult. 64: 55-62.
Wanli, G., Yidan, Li., Lei, G., fengxia, Li., Yingshan, D. and Liu, B. 2006. Efficient
micropropagation of Robinia ambigua var. idahoensis (Idaho Locust) and
detection of genomic variation by ISSR markers. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ
Culture 84: 343-351.
Wann, S. R. Johnson, M. A. T. L. Noland and J. A. 1987. Carlson biochemical
differences between embryogenic and non-embryogenic callus of Picea abies
(L.) Karst. Plant Cell Reports 6: 39-42.
Wendel, J. F. and Weeden, N. F. 1989. Visualization and interpretation of plant
isozymes. In: Isozymes in plant biology, pp 5-45, Soltis, P. and Soltis, D.
(eds.) 4, chapter 1, Dioscorides Press, Portland.
Williams, E. G. and Maheshwaran, G. 1986. Somatic embryogenesis factors
influencing coordinated behavior of cells as an embryogenic group. Ann. Bot.
57: 443-462.
Williams, J. G. K. Kubelik, A. R. Livak, K. J. Rafalski, A. and Tingey, S. V. 1990.
DNA polymorphism amplified by arbitrary primersare useful as gentic
markers. Nucleic Acid Res. 18: 6531-6535.
References
xxxii
Wochok, Z. S. and Burleson, B. 1974. Physiol. Plant 31: 73-75.
Wolter, K. E. and, Gordon J. C. 1975. Peroxidases as indicators of growth and
differentiation in aspen callus cultures. Physiologia Plantarum 33: 219–223.
Woods, S. H. Phillips, G. C. Woods, J. E. and Collins, G. B. 1991. Somatic
embryogenesis and plant regeneration from zygotic embryo explants in
Mexican weeping bamboo, Otatea acuminate aztecorum. Plant Cell Report,
11: 256- 261.
Woods, S. H., Woods, J. E. and Collins, G. B. 1995. Somatic embryogenesis in
bamboo. In: Somatic embryogenesis in woody plants, pp 41-52, Jain, S. M.,
Gupta, P.K. and Newton, R.J. (eds), Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Yadav, S. 2010 Micropropagation and biochemical analysis of Bambusa nutans Wall.
Ph.D. thesis Forest Research Institute Deheradun (Uttarakhand) 130p.
Yang, H. and Korban, S. S. 1999. Screening apples for OPD20/600 using sequence-
specific primers Theo. Appl. Genet. 92: 263-266.
Yang, W. de Oliveira, A. C. Godwin, I. Schertz, K. and Bennetzen, J. L. 1996.
Comparison of DNA marker technologies in characterizing plant genomic
diversity: variability in chinese sorghums. Crop Science 36: 1669-1676.
Yasodha, R, Kamala, S. Kumar, S. P. A., Kumar, P. D. and Kalaiarasi, S. 2008. Effect
of glucose on in vitro rooting of mature plants of Bambusa nutans. Scientia
Horticultrae 116: 113- 116.
Yeh, M. L. and Chang, W. C. 1987. Plant regeneration through somatic
embryogenesis in mature embryo derived callus culture of Sinocalamus
latiflora (Munro) McClure. Plant Science 51: 93- 96.
Yeh, M.L and Chang, W.C. 1986a. Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis
in callus culture of green bamboo (Bambusa oldamii Munro). Ther. Appl.
Genet. 78:161-163.
Yeh, M.L and Chang, W.C. 1986b. Somatic embryogenesis and subsequent plant
regeneration from inflorescence callus of Bambusa beecheyana Munro var.
beecheyana Plant Cell Rep. 5: 409-411.
References
xxxiii
Yellappa Reddy, A.N. and Yekanthappa, K. 1989. Propagation technique of
Oxytenanthera stocksii. My Forest 25: 30-32.
Yoshizawa, N. Satoh, I. Yokota, S. and Idei, T. 1989. Lignification and peroxidase
activity in bamboo shoots. (P. edulis A. et. C. Riv.) Holztorchung, 45: 169-
174.
Yuan, X., Wangb, B.Z. and Liub, J. 2009. Development of a plant regeneration
system from seed-derived calluses of centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides
(Munro.) Hack] Scientia Horticulturae 120: 96-100.
Zhang, N. Fang, W. Shi, Y. Liu, Q. Yang, H. Giu, R. and Lin, X. 2010. Somatic
embryogenesis and organogsis in Dendrocalamus hamiltonni Plant Cell,
Tissue, Organ, Culture 103: 325-332.
Zhang, S. Han, S. Yang, W. Wei, H. L. Zhang, M. and Qi, L. 2010. Changes in H2O2
content and antioxidant enzyme gene expression during the somatic
embryogenesis of Larix leptolepis. Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. 100: 21-29.
Zietkiewicz, E., Rafalski, A. and Labuda, D. 1994. Genome fingerprinting by simple
sequence repeats (SSR)–anchored polymerase chain reaction amplification.
Genomics 20:176-183.
Ziv, M. 1986. Hardening and acclimatization of tissue cultured plants. In: Plant tissue
culture and its agricultural applications, pp.187-196, Withers, L. A. and
Alderson, P. G. (eds.) Butterworths, London.
Zucchi, M. I., Arinono, H., Morais, V. A., Pelegrinelli-Fungaro, M. H. and Carneiro-
Vieira, M. L. 2002. Genetic instability of sugarcane plants derived from
meristem cultures. Genet. Biol. 25: 91-96.
