Reflection of Mirrors

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REFLECTION OF MIRRORS

Presented by :Nur Atikah Bt Ibrahim

Nik Nur Fakhira Bt Nik Mohd Salleh

Wan Nurfarahiyah Bt W.Liah

Nur Alia Izyan Bt Mohd Rasli

Hanis Aqilah Bt Johari


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REFLECTION :

Definition : The bouncing back of a light rayfrom a surface.

Law of reflection : When a light ray is

incident upon a reflecting surface, theangle of reflection is equal to the angle ofincidence. Both of these angles are

measured relative to a normal drawn to the

surface. The incident ray, the reflected ray,and the normal all lie in the same plane.


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TYPESOFMIRRORS:

Plane mirrorsA flat mirror that reflects lightrays in the same order as they approachthe mirror.

Concave mirrorsA converging mirror; lightrays that strike the mirror surface arereflected so that they converge, or "come

together," at a pointConvex mirrorsA diverging mirror; light

rays that strike the mirror surface arereflected so that they diverge, or "goapart," and they never come to a point.


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TYPEOFIMAGES:

Real images

formed by converging light rays; canbe projected on a screen;

orientation=inverted

Virtual images

formed by diverging light rays; cannotbe projected on a screen;

orientation=erect


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PLANEMIRROR

Characteristics of plane mirrorimages:

Object size = image size

Object distance = image distance

Orientation = erect

Always forms a virtual imageImage is reversed, left to right


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STEPSFORDRAWINGAPLANEMIRRORRAYDIAGRAM:

1) A ray that strikes perpendicular to the

mirror surface, reflects perpendicular to the

mirror. This reflected ray is extendedbehind the mirror

2) A ray that strikes the mirror at any anglereflects so that the angle of incidence

equals the angle of reflection; the reflected


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CURVEDMIRRORTERMINOLOGY:

center of curvature (C)

the center of the circle of which the mirror represents a small arc

focus (F)the point where parallel light rays converge; the focus is

always found on the inner part of the "circle" of which the mirror is a

small arc; the focus of a mirror is one-half the radius

vertex (V)the point where the mirror crosses the principal axis

Principal axisa line drawn through the vertex, focus, and center of

curvature of the mirror upon which the object rests

focal length (f)the distance from the focus to the vertex of the mirror

radius of curvaturethe distance from the center of curvature to the

vertex of the mirror; it corresponds to the radius of the circle


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CONCAVEMIRROR

the reflecting surface of the mirror is on the inside; the

object and focus are located on the same side of themirror

Characteristics of concave mirrors:

The focal length is positive (because the object and the

focus are on the same side of the mirror) The object and the focus are on the same side of the

mirror (inside the arc)

Real images can be formed by the mirror when the objectis outside of the focus; an inverted image is formed

Virtual images are formed by the mirror when the objectis within the focus; an erect image is formed

No image is formed when the object is at the focus

When the object is at the center of curvature, an inverted

image is formed at the center of curvature


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RAYDIAGRAMSFORCONCAVEMIRRORS:

1) A ray incident upon the mirror that isparallel to the principal axis, reflectsthrough the focus

2) A ray incident upon the mirror thatpasses through the focus, reflectsparallel to the principal axis


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MATHEMATICALPREDICTIONOFIMAGEHEIGHT:

WHEREHIISTHEIMAGEHEIGHT, HOISTHEOBJECTHEIGHT, ANDDIISTHEIMAGEDISTANCE, ANDDOISTHEOBJECTDISTANCE


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MAGNIFICATIONRATIO:

WHEREHIISTHEIMAGEHEIGHT, HOISTHEOBJECTHEIGHT, ANDDIISTHEIMAGEDISTANCE, ANDDOISTHEOBJECTDISTANCE


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CONVEXMIRRORS

the reflecting surface is on the outside; the object and thefocus are on opposite sides of the mirror (remember-thefocus is on the "inside" of the circle); the object is locatedon the outside


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CHARACTERISTICSOFCONVEXMIRRORS:1) The focal length is negative (because the object and the

focus are on opposite sides of the mirror)

2) The object and the focus are on opposite sides of the

mirror (the focus is on the inside of the mirror and the

object is on the outside)

3) Only virtual images are formed; all images are smaller

than the object


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RAY DIAGRAMSFORCONVEXMIRRORS:1) A ray incident on the mirror that is parallel to the principal

axis is reflected in a line even with the focus (extend the

reflected ray behind the mirror so that it passes through

the focus)

2) A ray incident on the mirror that passes through the

focus is reflected parallel to the principal axis (extend the

reflected ray behind the mirror parallel to the principal

axis)


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THANK YOU!!!!

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Reflection of Mirrors