Regulatory and Institutional

frameworks for Smart Governance in

Dam Safety

Dr. Adrián Morales Torres

Chief Technical Officer

adrian.morales@ipresas.com

Adrián Morales Torres

www.ipresas.com

Workshop about Water

Security in Bulgaria

Sofia, 19th September, 2017

REGULATORY AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK IN

DAM SAFETY

2

IMPORTANCE OF DAM SAFETY REGULATORY

FRAMEWORK

3Source: Comparative Analysis of Dam Safety Case Studies in Latin American. World Bank (In Process).

2016

Survey for evaluation of Dam Safety Regulatory Framework:

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Very low Low Medium High Very high

IMPORTANCE OF DAM SAFETY REGULATORY

FRAMEWORK

4Source: Comparative Analysis of Dam Safety Case Studies in Latin American. World Bank (In Process).

2016

Survey about main Weak Points in Dam Safety Management:

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Design Standards and Safety Reviews

Monitoring and Surveillance

Rainfall Forecasting Systems

Flood Warning Systems

Emergency Management

Flood Risk Mapping

Communication, Training and Education Programs

Technical Capacity Building in Dam Risk Management

Transboundary Watersheds Coordination

Regulatory Framework

DAM SAFETY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK IN

EUROPEAN UNION

5

Currently, there is not a specific UE Directive about Dam Safety Managementbut…

DIRECTIVE 2007/60/EC ON THE ASSESSMENT AND

MANAGEMENT OF FLOOD RISKS

DIRECTIVE 2008/114/EC —IDENTIFICATION AND DESIGNATION OF

EUROPEAN CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES AND ASSESSMENT OF THE NEED TO

IMPROVE THEIR PROTECTION

DAM SAFETY MANAGEMENT

DAM SAFETY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK IN

EUROPEAN UNION

6Source: EurCOLD Website: http://cnpgb.apambiente.pt/IcoldClub/index.htm

2016

1 • DAMS AND HEALTH

2 • DAMS AND ENERGY

3 • DAMS AND CLIMATE

4 • DAMS AND ENVIRONMENT

5 • DAMS AND SUSTAINABLE SOCIETIES

6 • OUTCOME: A CALL FOR A SMARTER GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK

DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE

7

FLOODS(water levels, freeboards, waves)

EARTHQUAKES(DBE, OBE)

STRUCTURAL SAFETY(safety factor, stresses,

strains, aging, uplift)

INPECTION AND MONITORING(what, why, how, who and when)

HYDROMECHANICAL ASSETS(design, operation, maintenance)

OPERATIONAL RULES(Normal conditions, abnormal,

extreme)

REPORT(performing, analysis)

DAM’S TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION

EMERGENCY ACTION PLANS(Identification, triggering factors, civil

protection, warnings, communications, coordination, policies, processes,

procedures)

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE (water supply, energy, environmental

restrains, maintenance activities)

MODERN DAM SAFETY PROGRAM/STANDARDS

Integration?

8

FLOODS(water levels,

freeboards, waves)

EARTHQUAKES(DBE, OBE)

STRUCTURAL SAFETY(safety factor, stresses,

strains, aging, uplift)

INPECTION AND

MONITORING(what, why, how, who and when)

HYDROMECHANICAL ASSETS

(design, operation, maintenance)

OPERATIONAL RULES(Normal conditions, abnormal, extreme)

REPORT(performing, analysis)

DAM’S TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION

EMERGENCY ACTION PLANS(Identification,

triggering factors, civil protection, warnings,

communications, coordination,

policies, processes, procedures)

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE (water supply, energy,

environmental restrains, maintenance activities)

Loads System response Consequences

DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCERISK-INFORMED DECISION MAKING

9

RISK-INFORMED DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE

RISK

=PROBABILITY OF

FAILURE

CONSEQUENCES

X

ACTIONSPRIORITIZATION

DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE

10

RISK-INFORMED DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE

11

LESSONS FROM REAL IMPLEMENTATION

Spain 2008-

Argentina 2017-

Source: www.ipresas.com

USA2016-

12

DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN SPAIN

• 600 mm of average yearlyprecipitation

• 2200 mm/year in Santiago

• 120 mm/year in Cabo deGata

• Over 1200 large dams inSpain (9th in the world):

• Public and private damowners (responsible of DamSafety).

Source: MAGRAMA (Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment)

LEGEND (hm3)

13

DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN SPAIN

Ribadelago dam break in 1959

[144 fatalities]

1967

Dam design and construction regulation

Tous dam break in 1982

[10 fatalities]

1996

Dam safety Technical regulation

14

DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN SPAIN

Available at: http://www.spancold.es/paginas/lista_publicaciones.asp?Categoria=GuiasTecnicas

15

DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN SPAIN

16

CASE STUDY: DUERO RIVER AUTHORITY

27 dams and 95 proposed measures:

17

CASE STUDY: DUERO RIVER AUTHORITY

18

CASE STUDY: DUERO RIVER AUTHORITY

Source: Liana Ardiles, Daniel Sanz, Pedro Moreno, Esther Jenaro, Jürgen Fleitz and Ignacio Escuderat 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DAM ENGINEERING (2011)

19

CASE STUDY: DUERO RIVER AUTHORITY27 dams and 95 proposed measures:

Po

rtfo

lio

so

cie

tal

risk

(liv

es

/year)

Implementation cost (M€)

After implementing the first 5 risk reduction

measures (Optimal sequence)

No risk reduction after

implementing

measure nr. 37

≈3M€

≈28M€

≈18M€

0.3 lives/year

20

DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN ARGENTINA

OBJETIVES

• Capacity-building in risk-informed dam safety management.

• Prioritization of investments informed by risk results.

• Strategic action plan to apply risk-informed decision making in other dams inthe country.

• Support to promote the development of a Dam Safety Law in Argentina.

Dam Safety Regulator Organism in Argentina

• Regulates safety of main hydropower dams inthe country (32 dams).

• Advisory body for other dams.

PILOT CASE ON QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RISK ANALYSIS

21

DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN ARGENTINA

22

PILOT CASE: CERROS COLORADOS SYSTEM

23

FAILURE MODES IDENTIFICATION

• 50 participants from different public and private entities related with safety inthe system of dams.

• 20 failure modes were identified.

24

DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN USA

• Public agency in charge of flood protection systems(including 700 dams with multiple purposes).

• Self-regulated.

Risk-informed Dam Safety Program

Purpose: To protect life, property, lifelines, and the environment by ensuringthat all dams are designed, constructed, regulated, operated, and maintainedas safely and effectively as is reasonably practicable.

25

USACE DAM SAFETY PROGRAM

Source: Safety of dams – Policy and Procedures (2014).

26

USACE DAM SAFETY PROGRAM

Source: Safety of dams – Policy and Procedures (2014).

27

DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN USA

helps to identify gaps, reinforce and

promote

28

CONCLUSIONS: DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE

Modern Dam SafetyProgram/Standards

Risk-InformedDam Safety Management

Regulation and Institutional Framework

are the basis for

29

CONCLUSIONS: DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE

PEOPLE RESPONSIBILITY RESOURCES INTEGRATION CONTINUOUS IMPROVE

SUCCESS

KEYS FOR A SUCCESSFUL GOVERNANCE AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR DAM SAFETY

Thank you for your

attention

Dr. Adrián Morales Torres

Chief Technical Officer

adrian.morales@ipresas.com

Adrián Morales Torres

www.ipresas.com

Workshop about Water

Security in Bulgaria

Sofia, 19th September, 2017