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    Rejimen Askar Wataniah

    Territorial Army RegimentRejimen Askar Wataniah

    Cap badge of Rejimen Askar Wataniah

    Agency overview

    Formed 1 June 1958

    Preceding

    agency

    Malayan General Service

    Corp

    Parent agency Malaysian Army

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    The Rejimen Askar Wataniah is the reserve component of

    the Malaysian Army. An equivalent formation in the British

    Army would be the Territorial Army.

    The Regiment infantry unit is divided into 2 series; the 300

    series and the 500 series. The 300 series consist of 5 infantry

    battalions with mobilized reservists for full time duty. They

    are mostly posted at northern border check-points. The 500

    series are reserve volunteers units, based in major towns and

    cities throughout the whole country. In all, there are about

    sixteen Regiments of the 500 series.

    [1]

    Contents

    1 History2 Malayan Emergency3 Combat Element4 Combat Support Element5 Services Support Element6 Specialist Elements7 Pasukan Latihan Pegawai Simpanan (PALAPES)8 Mobilized Units9 Valour10 Rejimen Pengurusan Sempadan

    11 Al-Mau'nah Arms Heist12 References13 External links

    History

    Volunteer Units In Malaya

    In 1861, the Penang Volunteers were formed as a volunteer army unit of the Straits Settlement. Similar

    units were formed in Singapore and in the other Malay States.[2]

    In 1902, the Federated Malay States formed the Malay State Volunteer Rifles (MSVR) volunteer force. The

    Unfederated Malay States also formed their own volunteer units. With further expansion, the formations

    were then known as the Federated Malay States Volunteer Force (FMSVF), Unfederated Malay StatesVolunteer Force (UFMSVF) and the Straits Settlement Volunteer Force (SSVF).

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    Second World War

    With the outbreak of the Second World War, the volunteer units were mobilised and fought alongside the

    regular British, Indian and Australian troops in the defence of Malaya and Fortress Singapore. The

    desertion rate of the Malay volunteer soldiers was extremely high and began almost from the onset of

    hostilities. Although there were several executions of Malay deserters, the desertion rate continued

    unabated. Due to their unreliability, the Malay volunteers were thereafter used only as uniformed coolies to

    carry equipment, dig trenches and build defences. By the time the British forces had withdrawn to Johor, a

    decision was made to disarm the remainder of the Malay volunteers and allow them to leave for home. The

    Chinese and Eurasian volunteers showed better fighting spirit and continued serving right up to the

    surrender in Singapore. Only the Chinese volunteers actually fought in the front line in Singapore fighting

    against terrible odds. The Chinese volunteers from Malaya who were killed in front line action have never

    been acknowledged as war heroes by the post-independence government of Malaysia. Only Britain and

    Singapore have recognised their contribution to the war effort. The abysmal performance of the Malay

    volunteers was officially covered up by the post-WW2 colonial authorities so as not to antagonise the

    Malays in the light of civil unrest arising from the implementation of the Malayan Union in 1946. [3]

    Japanese Occupation of Malaya

    During the Japanese Occupation of Malaya, the Chinese dominated Malayan Peoples Anti-Japanese Army

    conducted guerrilla warfare against the Japanese occupiers. As only the regular Malay Regiment led by

    British officers had acquitted itself well until the surrender in Singapore (February 1942), the British felt it

    was possible to involve Malays in the resistance against the Japanese but only with extensive training and

    by working in close co-operation with the stay behind British forces. The British desperately needed Malay

    resistance fighters to operate in Malay dominated areas. During the Japanese Occupation, a number of local

    Malays formed resistance groups and carried out guerrilla warfare against the Japanese. Resistance units in

    Pahang were called WATANIAH, derived from the Arabic word WATAN (state). The Wataniah was ledby Yeop Mahidin Bin Mohamed Shafiff (known as the Father of Wataniah). Force 136 of the Special

    Operations Executive was amongst the British formations that co-ordinated the Malayan resistance

    (including the Wataniah movement) against the Japanese.

    Malayan Emergency

    After the war, the volunteer units were reformed. With the start of the Malayan Emergency, the Home

    Guard was raised and tasked with local static defence, thus releasing regular British, Commonwealth and

    Malayan units for combat operations against the Communist Terrorists. In 1958, with the security situation

    under control and the threat from the Communist Terrorists diminished, the Home Guard was disbanded.

    However, many of the members of the Home Guard wished to continue their voluntary service, and the

    Federation Government agreed to the formation of the Territorial Army with the passing of the Territorial

    Army Ordinance 1958. The Askar Wataniah was formed on 1 June 1958.

    Combat Element

    The 500 series is tasked with the same mission as the combat infantry battalions of the Royal Malay

    Regiment and the Royal Ranger Regiment. There are currently 16 Wataniah Regiments, each comprising 3(nominal) infantry battalions.[4]

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    Regiments located throughout Malaysia are namely

    Rejimen 501 Askar Wataniah, Kem Tebrau, Johor BharuRejimen 502 Askar Wataniah, Kem Sungai Buloh, Selangor

    Rejimen 503 Askar Wataniah, Kem Jalan Tambun, Ipoh, PerakRejimen 504 Askar Wataniah, Kem Bukit Keteri, Kangar, PerlisRejimen 505 Askar Wataniah, Kem Teluk Sisik, Kuantan, Pahang

    Rejimen 506 Askar Wataniah, Kem Pengkalan Chepa, Kota Bahru, KelantanRejimen 507 Askar Wataniah, Kem Bukit Perwira, Kota Kinabalu, SabahRejimen 508 Askar Wataniah, Kem Jalan Rasah, Seremban, Negeri SembilanRejimen 509 Askar Wataniah, Kem Lebuhraya Peel, George Town, Pulau PinangRejimen 510 Askar Wataniah, Kem Sri Rejang, Sibu, SarawakRejimen 511 Askar Wataniah, Kem Ria Kompleks, Kuching, Sarawak

    Rejimen 512 Askar Wataniah, Kem Padang Midin, Kuala Berang, TerengganuRejimen 513 Askar Wataniah, Kem Jalan Kolam Air, Sungai Petani, KedahRejimen 514 Askar Wataniah, Kem Bukit Beruang, 75450 MelakaRejimen 515 Askar Wataniah, Kem Jalan Ampang, Kuala Lumpur

    Rejimen 516 Askar Wataniah, Kem Kukusan, Tawau, Sabah

    Combat Support Element

    The Wataniah Armoured Squadrons are the integrated components of the regular units of the Royal

    Armoured Corps. The Squadrons are currently located at Port Dickson, Kuantan, Sungai Petani and Kota

    Belud.

    The Wataniah Artillery Batteries are integrated components of the regular units of the Royal Artillery

    Regiment. The Wataniah Artillery Batteries are located in Kota Bharu, Taiping, Melaka, Seremban and

    Kuala Lumpur.

    The Wataniah Signal Squadrons assist regular squadrons Royal Signals Regiment in establishing and

    maintaining Army communications. Squadrons are located in Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh and Sungei Besi.

    The Wataniah Engineer Squadrons provide combat engineering skills alongside regular engineer squadrons.

    Squadrons are located in Kuala Terengganu, Kajang, Klang and Pulau Pinang.

    The Wataniah Military Police Companies are tasked with helping the discipline and law enforcement, based

    in Pulau Pinang, Kuantan, Sg. Buloh and Kem Genting.

    The Wataniah Intelligence unit is an integral part of the regular battalion of the Kor Risik diRaja (Royal

    Intelligence Corps), and is located in Pulau Pinang.

    The Askar Wataniah Electrical and Mechanical Engineers maintain two workshops, one in Ipoh and the

    other in Kuala Lumpur as well as 4 field workshops based in Taiping, Melaka, Kuantan and Kuching

    Services Support Element

    The Wataniah Logistic Corps consists of 5 transport companies based in Seremban, Kuala Lumpur, Johor

    Bharu and Kota Bharu, one supply company based in Kuala Lumpur and one air despatch platoon based in

    Taiping.

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    An operatives of Rejimen Askar Wataniah during

    the shooting course with Heckler & Koch

    HK33A2, circa 1990s.

    The Wataniah Ordnan Corps maintains a single Kumpulan Ordnan Briged (Brigade Ordnance Group) based

    in Kuala Lumpur while Wataniah Brigade Ordnance groups are integrated into regular Army brigades in

    Kuching, Taiping Melaka and Kuantan.

    Askar Wataniah also has 4 medical companies (called Kompeni Ubat AW) based in Kuantan, Kluang,

    Sungai Petani and Kuching.

    Specialist Elements

    The Askar Wataniah Specialist Signals Unit specialises

    in the maintenance of communication, and its members

    are drawn from amongst staff of Telekom Malaysia

    Berhad.

    Askar Wataniah Specialist Engineering Units are based

    at the Markas Jurutera (SP) (HQ L of C) in Bukit

    Haigate, Kuala Lumpur and comprises:

    Port Specialist Regiment(Jurutera PakarPelabuhan) These port operating units are formedat the main Malaysian ports, and members aredrawn from amongst port personnel at the ports ofKuantan, Klang, Pulau Pinang, Bintulu danKuching.

    Railway Specialist Regiment are tasked with themaintenance and operation of the Malaysian

    railway system during emergencies. The unit recruits from members of Malayan Railways and theState Railway of Sabah.Water Specialist Regiment with strength recruited from staff of water supply utility companies.Power Specialist Regiment are recruited from Tenaga Nasional Berhad and other power generationcompanies.

    Pasukan Latihan Pegawai Simpanan (PALAPES)

    PALAPES units (Reserve Officers Training Units - ROTU) are formed at 12 universities and institutes of

    higher education to facilitate the recruitment of graduate officers.

    Following the Confrontation, the Reserve unit was formed on 3 April 1965 as the 1st Infantry Battalion,

    Askar Wataniah at University Malaya[5], mustered from amongst undergraduates and staff of Universiti

    Malaya. Initially 30 undergraduates from various faculties volunteered and underwent basic training during

    their semester breaks at the Recruit Training Camp at Kem Latihan Seputih, Batu Gajah, Perak. The

    majority of the recruits had prior experience in the Army and Police Cadets and many were former students

    of the Maktab Tentera Diraja (Royal Military College).

    The aftermath of the 13 May 1969 riots saw the expansion of the Askar Wataniah unit to other universities

    with A Company formed in di Institut Teknologi MARA, B Company formed in Universiti PertanianMalaysian (UPM) (now called Universiti Putra Malaysia) and C Company formed at Universiti

    Kebangsaan Malaysia while the unit at Universiti Malaya took on the role of battalion HQ.

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    On 18 December 1978, the Brigadier General Dato Abdul As Ismail, the Director of Askar Wataniah

    discussed the formation of the Reserve Officers Training Units with the university Vice Chancellors and

    the Director of ITM. Pursuant to the meeting, the Armed Forces Council approved the formation of the

    Reserve Officer Training Unit ROTU at Malaysian local universities to attract Reserve Officers from

    amongst staff and undergraduates of the various universities. ROTU is currently known as Pasukan Latihan

    Pegawai Simpanan (PALAPES).

    There are currently 12 Malaysian public universities and institutions of higher education hosting PALAPES

    units. Units are formed at Universiti Malaya (PALAPES UM) (http://palapes.um.edu.my) , Universiti

    Teknologi Malaysia, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Putra Malaysia,

    Universiti Utara Malaysia, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Universiti Teknologi

    MARA, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris and Universiti Malaysia

    Perlis.

    Mobilized Units

    Mobilized units consists of five 300 series infantry battalions responsible for protecting the northern border

    of peninsular Malaysia, the security of East-West Highway and Key Points Units tasked in protecting the

    strategic areas of the country.

    Valour

    Although the unit is a reserve force, the unit has produced a soldier awarded the medal of honour. One

    Private Ielias Ibrahim was awarded the medal Panglima Gagah Berani/PBG for his action in a firefight at

    Grik, Perak on August 15, 1977.

    Rejimen Pengurusan Sempadan

    On 30 June 2006, Deputy Prime Minister Najib Tun Razak announced the government's proposal to form

    the Rejimen Pengurusan Sempadan to undertake border security tasks. The new regiment will have 2

    bases, one in Northern Peninsular Malaysia and the other in East Malaysia. The formation of the new

    regiment will not involve additional manpower, but will instead involve the realignment of present series

    300 and series 500 regiments of Rejimen Askar Wataniah. [6]

    Al-Mau'nah Arms Heist

    On 2 July 2000 on an outpost and a camp manned by members of Bn 304 of Rejimen Askar Wataniah was

    involved in an arms heist by the Al-Mau'nah militant group. In the small hours of the morning, 21 members

    of the militant group visited the outpost and camp of Bn 304 Rejimen Askar Wataniah under the guise of a

    surprise inspection and relieved the soldiers' weapons or carted away weapons from the armoury. They took

    away a huge cache of firearms and ammunition, including 97 M16 assault rifles, four GPMGs, five grenade

    launchers, 9,095 rounds of 5.56mm and 60 rounds of 40mm ammunition. The group was later cornered in

    the village of Sauk, Perak and involved in a stand-off the Malaysian Army and Royal Malaysian Police

    forces. Police threw a containment cordon of Bukit Jenalik. The group then took several hostages andholed up for four days in Bukit Jenalik, Sauk before finally surrendering to security forces. However, they

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    This page was last modified on 21 July 2009 at 14:08.Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License; additional terms mayapply. See Terms of Use for details.Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

    brutally tortured and murdered two of the hostages - a soldier and a police personnel.

    The Al-Mau'nah group later surrendered, and the leaders brought to trial for "waging war upon the King".

    Mohamed Amin Mohamed Razali and his group were brought to trial for charges of "waging war against

    the King", and became the first people convicted of such charges in Malaysia. Mohamed Amin Mohamed

    Razali and his two lieutenants, Zahit Muslim and Jamaluddin Darus, were sentenced to death. Sixteen

    others were given life sentences.[7]

    References

    1. ^ Official website of Malaysian Army (http://army.mod.gov.my/kerjaya/wataniah/pasukan.htm)

    2. ^ far-eastern-volunteers.co.uk website (http://www.far-eastern-volunteers.co.uk/ssvf.html)

    3. ^ [BBC interview with Sjovald Cunningham-Brown, 1983]

    4. ^ Official website of Malaysian Army (http://army.mod.gov.my/kerjaya/wataniah/pasukan.htm)

    5. ^ Official website of Askar Wataniah, University of Malaya (http://palapes.um.edu.my)

    6. ^ Kerajaan Cadang Wujud Rejimen Pengurusan Sempadan(Bahasa Melayu)

    (http://www.bernama.com/bernama/v3/bm/news_lite.php?id=206067)

    7. ^ Malaysian militant group leader hanged (http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-08/04/content_4921065.htm)

    External links

    overview of Askar Wataniah - from the official Malaysian Army website (in Bahasa Melayu)(http://army.mod.gov.my/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=67&Itemid=98)a history of Askar Wataniah (in Bahasa Melayu)(http://rmecc.mmu.edu.my/502AW/wataniah/sejarah.html)A biography of KOLONEL DATO' YEOP MAHIDIN BIN MOHAMED SHAFIFF, the father of

    Askar Wataniah (in Bahasa Melayu) (http://rmecc.mmu.edu.my/502AW/wataniah/pengasas.html)An overview of the 500 series Regiment (in Bahasa Melayu)

    (http://rmecc.mmu.edu.my/502AW/wataniah/pasukan.html)303 INFANTRY BATTALION Askar Wataniah by DR CHEN WEI SENG(http://members.fortunecity.com/chen24/tmgr.html)Pasukan Latihan Pegawai Simpanan (PALAPES) Universiti Malaya (http://palapes.um.edu.my)Malaysian Army Web page - Laman Web Tentera Darat Malaysia(http://www.army.mod.gov.my/wataniah.htm)Portal PALAPES - PASUKAN LATIHAN PEGAWAI SIMPANAN (http://www.palapes.com)12 Kompeni Ubat (AW) (http://www.kck.usm.my/wataniah/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=56&Itemid=2Website)

    The Japanese Occupation of Malaya: A Socio-Economic History, By Paul H Kratoska pg 294Rejimen Askar Wataniah Website at Malaysian Multimedia University(http://rmecc.mmu.edu.my/502AW/)

    Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rejimen_Askar_Wataniah"

    Categories: Military of Malaysia

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