Relative clauseRelative clause

Defining / non-definingDefining / non-defining

Sentences can be divided into parts Sentences can be divided into parts called clauses. A called clauses. A relative clauserelative clause is a is a part of a sentence that describes the part of a sentence that describes the person or thing we are talking about person or thing we are talking about and is connected to other clauses in and is connected to other clauses in the sentence via a ‘the sentence via a ‘relative relative pronounpronoun’, ’, whowho, , which which or or thatthat. . Relative pronounsRelative pronouns replace the replace the subject or object of the verb: subject or object of the verb:

examplesexamples

Where is the new boy? He was in class Where is the new boy? He was in class yesterday.yesterday.

Where is the new boy Where is the new boy thatthat was in class was in class yesterday?yesterday?

Can I borrow the CD? You bought the CD.Can I borrow the CD? You bought the CD. Can I borrow the CD Can I borrow the CD thatthat you bought? you bought?

I told you about the woman I told you about the woman whowho lives next lives next door.door.

Do you see the cat Do you see the cat whichwhich is lying on the is lying on the roof?roof?

He couldn’t read He couldn’t read whichwhich surprised me. surprised me. Do you know the boy Do you know the boy whosewhose mother is a mother is a

nurse?nurse? I was invited by the professor I was invited by the professor whomwhom I met I met

at the conference.at the conference. I don’t like the table I don’t like the table thatthat stands in the stands in the

kitchen.kitchen.

Defining/non-defining(difference)Defining/non-defining(difference)

My sister My sister whowho lives in Istanbul is lives in Istanbul is pregnantpregnant

My sister My sister ,, whowho lives in Istanbul lives in Istanbul ,, is pregnantis pregnant

Defining relative clauseDefining relative clause

I congrutulated the student.He got the highest I congrutulated the student.He got the highest mark.mark.

I congrutulated the student I congrutulated the student whowho gaot the highest gaot the highest mark.mark.

Can you repair the chair?It is in the study room.Can you repair the chair?It is in the study room. Can you repair the chair Can you repair the chair whichwhich is in the study is in the study

room.room.

More examples(More examples(asas a subject of the clause)a subject of the clause)

There is someone at the door.He wants to There is someone at the door.He wants to see you.see you.

There is someone at the door There is someone at the door whowho wants wants to see you.to see you.

I want to see the person.he deals with the I want to see the person.he deals with the customer complaintscustomer complaints

I want to see the person I want to see the person whowho deals with deals with the customer complaintsthe customer complaints

The person The person whowho lives next door is an lives next door is an engineer.engineer.

The plate The plate whichwhich is on the table is dirty. is on the table is dirty. The milk The milk which is in the bottle is for thewhich is in the bottle is for the

baby.baby. Why did you buy this car Why did you buy this car whichwhich is older is older

than the previous one.than the previous one.

More examples(More examples(as the object of a verbas the object of a verb))

The applicant The applicant whowho((whom-thatwhom-that) we interviewed ) we interviewed yesterday is suitable for the job.yesterday is suitable for the job.

The book The book whichwhich((thatthat) I bought last week is ) I bought last week is very interestingvery interesting

The man (The man (whowho)()(that-whomthat-whom) we met yesterday ) we met yesterday was a sales representative.was a sales representative.

The woman The woman whomwhom I I bought this car from I I bought this car from is a doctor.(is a doctor.(object of a prepositionobject of a preposition))

Whose-whereWhose-where

The girl The girl whosewhose father is a doctor is my girlfriend. father is a doctor is my girlfriend.(def.)(def.)

My classmate Susan,My classmate Susan,whosewhose parents parents are both are both doctors,dosn’t want to be a doctor.(non-d.)doctors,dosn’t want to be a doctor.(non-d.)

The house The house whosewhose garden is full of flowers is my garden is full of flowers is my grandmum’s.grandmum’s.

The city The city wherewhere I was born is my hometown. I was born is my hometown. Istanbul,Istanbul,wherewhere more than en million peole more than en million peole

live,has many problems to solve.live,has many problems to solve.

exercisesexercises The girl is my best friend.I go to school The girl is my best friend.I go to school

with her…………………with her………………… The man wants to do business with you.he The man wants to do business with you.he

will come tomorrow…………..will come tomorrow………….. The film was very interesting.I watched is The film was very interesting.I watched is

last week……………..last week…………….. The I can’t find the book.It is about The I can’t find the book.It is about

pollution……………….pollution……………….

Non-defining relative clauseNon-defining relative clause Ataturk,Ataturk, who who is the great commender, is the great commender,

died in 1938.died in 1938. That green book,That green book,which which is on the is on the

table,belongs to me.table,belongs to me. Turkey,Turkey,whichwhich is surrounded by the sea on is surrounded by the sea on

three sides,has strategic importance.three sides,has strategic importance. My father,My father,whomwhom you met yesterday,in you met yesterday,in

Germany.Germany.