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Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective Renaissance imagination: geometry Paul Hewitt University of Toledo Math 3510, 5 October 2010

Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

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Page 1: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

Renaissance imagination: geometry

Paul Hewitt

University of Toledo

Math 3510, 5 October 2010

Page 2: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

1. According to Stillwell, why is the geometry of vision “harderthan it looks”?

A. The eye sees points that aren’t there.B. The eye fails to see points that are there.C. BothD. Neither.

Bonus: When (approximately) were the Crusades?1095–1291

Page 3: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

1. According to Stillwell, why is the geometry of vision “harderthan it looks”?

A. The eye sees points that aren’t there.B. The eye fails to see points that are there.C. BothD. Neither.

Bonus: When (approximately) were the Crusades?1095–1291

Page 4: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

1. According to Stillwell, why is the geometry of vision “harderthan it looks”?

A. The eye sees points that aren’t there.B. The eye fails to see points that are there.C. BothD. Neither.

Bonus: When (approximately) were the Crusades?

1095–1291

Page 5: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

1. According to Stillwell, why is the geometry of vision “harderthan it looks”?

A. The eye sees points that aren’t there.B. The eye fails to see points that are there.C. BothD. Neither.

Bonus: When (approximately) were the Crusades?1095–1291

Page 6: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

2. What theorem of plane geometry requires Euclid’s fifthpostulate?

A. Rectangles exist.B. The pythagorean theorem.C. The angles in a triangle sum to π.D. All of the above.E . None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did Genghis Khan rule?1206–1227

Page 7: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

2. What theorem of plane geometry requires Euclid’s fifthpostulate?

A. Rectangles exist.B. The pythagorean theorem.C. The angles in a triangle sum to π.D. All of the above.E . None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did Genghis Khan rule?1206–1227

Page 8: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

2. What theorem of plane geometry requires Euclid’s fifthpostulate?

A. Rectangles exist.B. The pythagorean theorem.C. The angles in a triangle sum to π.D. All of the above.E . None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did Genghis Khan rule?

1206–1227

Page 9: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

2. What theorem of plane geometry requires Euclid’s fifthpostulate?

A. Rectangles exist.B. The pythagorean theorem.C. The angles in a triangle sum to π.D. All of the above.E . None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did Genghis Khan rule?1206–1227

Page 10: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

3. What was the first ever purely projective theorem?

A. Pythagoras’ Theorem.B. Pappus’ Theorem.C. Desargues’ Theorem.D. None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did the Black Plague reachEurope?1340s

Page 11: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

3. What was the first ever purely projective theorem?

A. Pythagoras’ Theorem.B. Pappus’ Theorem.C. Desargues’ Theorem.D. None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did the Black Plague reachEurope?1340s

Page 12: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

3. What was the first ever purely projective theorem?

A. Pythagoras’ Theorem.B. Pappus’ Theorem.C. Desargues’ Theorem.D. None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did the Black Plague reachEurope?

1340s

Page 13: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

3. What was the first ever purely projective theorem?

A. Pythagoras’ Theorem.B. Pappus’ Theorem.C. Desargues’ Theorem.D. None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did the Black Plague reachEurope?1340s

Page 14: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

4. What are the points of the projective plane?

A. Lines of sight.B. Homogeneous coordinates.C. Incidence axioms.D. All of the above.E . None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did Tamerlane rule?1370–1405

Page 15: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

4. What are the points of the projective plane?

A. Lines of sight.B. Homogeneous coordinates.C. Incidence axioms.D. All of the above.E . None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did Tamerlane rule?1370–1405

Page 16: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

4. What are the points of the projective plane?

A. Lines of sight.B. Homogeneous coordinates.C. Incidence axioms.D. All of the above.E . None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did Tamerlane rule?

1370–1405

Page 17: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

4. What are the points of the projective plane?

A. Lines of sight.B. Homogeneous coordinates.C. Incidence axioms.D. All of the above.E . None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did Tamerlane rule?1370–1405

Page 18: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

5. What is the point at infinity on the curve whose equation inhomogeneous coordinates is v2w = u3 − uw2?

A. (0,0,0)B. (0,1,1)C. (0,1,0)D. All of the above.E . None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did the Ottomans conquerConstantinople?1453

Page 19: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

5. What is the point at infinity on the curve whose equation inhomogeneous coordinates is v2w = u3 − uw2?

A. (0,0,0)B. (0,1,1)C. (0,1,0)D. All of the above.E . None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did the Ottomans conquerConstantinople?1453

Page 20: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

5. What is the point at infinity on the curve whose equation inhomogeneous coordinates is v2w = u3 − uw2?

A. (0,0,0)B. (0,1,1)C. (0,1,0)D. All of the above.E . None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did the Ottomans conquerConstantinople?

1453

Page 21: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

5. What is the point at infinity on the curve whose equation inhomogeneous coordinates is v2w = u3 − uw2?

A. (0,0,0)B. (0,1,1)C. (0,1,0)D. All of the above.E . None of the above.

Bonus: When (approximately) did the Ottomans conquerConstantinople?1453

Page 22: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

An elliptic curve

Page 23: Renaissance imagination: geometry - Live Toadlivetoad.org/Courses/Documents/9eb4/Notes/lecture_20101005.pdf · Seeing is believingEuclid’s wakeIn perspective Renaissance imagination:

Seeing is believing Euclid’s wake In perspective

Asia in year 1200