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Renaissance
The Rebirth of Europe
Humanism and Secular Life
Study of classical texts that focused on potential human achievement
Artists to carry on classical traditions Study history, literature, and philosophy Humanists think that you should enjoy what
God has given Material luxuries, music, and tasty food
Secular life - concerned with the here and now
Beginnings of the Rebirth
Rebirth of art and learning Begins in Northern Italy around 1300 Took longer to happen in N. Europe
because of the 100 years war Italy had several advantages
Thriving cities, wealthy merchant class, heritage of Greece and Rome
Urban Centers
Crusades brings about much overseas trade
N. Italy was very urban Cities places for new ideas to
spread Plague had previously hit
hard and changed economic structure Fewer opportunities for
business expansion, merchants begin pursuing the arts
Merchant Class
All Italian city-states ran their own affairs - collect taxes, have own army
Merchants wealthiest most powerful class
Didn’t inherit social rank Success depended on own abilities
Individual achievement became important
Changing Art
New techniques Vanishing point, perspective, and horizon line
Often painted religious depictions
New Writers
Begin writing in the vernacular
Wrote either self-expression or to portray the individuality of their subject
Picture from Dante’s Inferno
Northern Renaissance Begins
1453 The 100 Years War ended and cities are growing rapidly
Began first in Flanders England and France unified under strong
monarchs More humanists in France more concerned
with religious ideas Social reform based on Christian values
Northern Writers Reform Society
Erasmus - The Praise of Folly, poked fun at greedy merchants, heartsick lovers, quarrelsome scholars, and pompous priests. Thought to improve society all should study the
bible Believed in a Christianity of the heart not of
ceremonies Sir Thomas Moore - Utopia, imaginary land
about peace loving people, no greed, corruption, war, or crime