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Renewable Renewable EnergyEnergy
The The ReReal al Alternative?Alternative?
Module Overview
Lesson 1,Lesson 1,
The The REREal al alternativealternative
Why, how much, Why, how much, when and whatwhen and what
Lesson 1,Lesson 1,
The The REREal al alternativealternative
Why, how much, Why, how much, when and whatwhen and what
Principles
Lesson 2,Lesson 2,
Which Which alternative?alternative?
Your chance to Your chance to research the research the
optionsoptions
Lesson 2,Lesson 2,
Which Which alternative?alternative?
Your chance to Your chance to research the research the
optionsoptions
Research
Work-Work-sheetsheetWork-Work-sheetsheet
At home
Lesson 3,Lesson 3,
The Crunch!The Crunch!
Present your case Present your case and use your vote and use your vote
Lesson 3,Lesson 3,
The Crunch!The Crunch!
Present your case Present your case and use your vote and use your vote
Assessment
Why Bother?
• Because energy resources are limited– Oil and gas will run out, probably in your
lifetime
• Because burning fossil fuels release greenhouse gases and pollutants– Affecting your environment and health
• Because you can do something about it– Using your energy and vote
Lesson 1: Does it all add up?
How much power?
How much power?
Wind
Rivers
Waves
Plants
Use Supply
Energy balance
SunSun
How m
uch
power
?
Part 1:Part 1:How much energy do we How much energy do we
use?use?
In our home
In our countryIn our country
In our worldIn our world
Starting in YOUR Household
• How much energy do you use?
Calculating power and energy
Brain thinking hard
100W
Brain chilling
50W
Thinking
Chilling
4 hours
20 hours20 hours
Average power = {Daily energy}/{Daily hours} = 58 watts (W)
Daily energy = Power x time = (100 x 4) + (50 x 20) = 1400 watts hours
How much power per household?Equipment Group Ave. power
Lights 1
TV 2
Computers 3
Cooking 4
Washing 5
Cars 6
Food 7
Heating 8
Total average power per household ????
Experiments
• Split into seven groups
• Use equipment supplied to estimate the average power consumed in a typical household
• Report back to the class when complete
• Use the information to estimate the total average power used by a typical family
• Consider the error involved in this estimation
How much power per person?
2kW/household
but…..that’s not all
÷Four per household?
= 500Wper person
This is the power you actually use
1500W
Transport and conversionPower source
1000W losses
100%
66%
33%
500W
This is the power you measure
How much power per person?
but…..that’s still not all
You!!You!!
DomesticPower consumed
1500W ¼ ¼ 4500W
Industrial/commercialPower consumed
¾ ¾
You are responsible for about 6000W6000W of power consumption!!!!
How much energy in world?
?
but, most of the world don’t burn energy like us…yet!
6000Wper person
38 TWWorld power use
=X
6,400 million people(www.esa.un.org.gov)
Actual total is 15 TW now(www.rcep.org.uk)
Predicted to rise to 20 TWby 2020
Big numbersBig numbers
1,000 watts = 1 thousand watts = 1 kilo-watt = 1 kW
1,000 kilo-watts = 1 million watts = 1 mega-watt = 1 MW
1 watt = standard unit of power = 1 joule per second = 1 W
1,000 mega-watts = 1 billion watts = 1 giga-watt = 1 GW
1,000 giga-watts = 1 trillion watts = 1 tera-watt = 1 TW
?m
?m
?mGrain of sandLess than 1mm3
?mm?mm
?mm
Part 2:Part 2:Where does the energy Where does the energy
come from?come from?
The sun provides more than The sun provides more than 99.9% of our primary energy99.9% of our primary energy
It is a nuclear reactor 200,000 trillion times It is a nuclear reactor 200,000 trillion times more powerful than nuclear power stationsmore powerful than nuclear power stations
Power arriving at the earth is 200,000 TW (2x1017 watts)
But only one billionth of th
e power reaches earth
150 million km
Solar energy
Checking the balance
6,000 Watts
15 tera watts
Use
Supply
Energy balance
SunSun
200,000 tera watts200,000 tera watts
Where does the solar
energy go?
2x1017 Watt
s
Stored as fossil fuels
Wind
Rivers
Waves
Plants
Atmosphere
Radiated back into space
Renewable Energy - Overview
SunSun
Solar energySolar energy
Wind energyWind energy
Wave energyWave energy
Biomass energyBiomass energyHydro energyHydro energy
??
Solar Energy - HeatingSolar Energy - Heating
SunSun
Solar EnergySolar Energy
PhotovoltaicsPhotovoltaics
Charger
Batteries
Inverter
Direct current devices
Alternating current devices
Energy from Rivers (Hydro)Energy from Rivers (Hydro)
Large schemes with reservoirs and dams
Small schemes without reservoirs or dams
Supply town and cities
Supply villages
Demonstration
• Several demonstrations of energy processes around classroom– Evaporation-condensation cycle– Solar-powered “wind turbines”– Wind-up radios– Tap water powered hydro-turbines
• Make a note of the energy conversions and estimate the power involved
Energy from Rivers (Hydro)Energy from Rivers (Hydro)
DamDam
Energy from Rivers (Hydro)Energy from Rivers (Hydro)
Energy from Energy from WindWind
Energy from WindEnergy from Wind
Wind Turbine GeneratorsWind Turbine Generators
Ele
ctri
cal e
nerg
y
Your Your househouse
Wind energyWind energy
Energy from WavesEnergy from Waves
Energy from WavesEnergy from Waves
ElectricityElectricity
Other Wave DevicesOther Wave Devices
Energy from BiomassEnergy from Biomass
Energy from BiomassEnergy from Biomass
200,
000
TW
Fossil fuels
Atmosphere
Summary
Wind
Waves
Rivers
Plants
Solar
6kW
15 TW
Coming next………Your turn!
Group 1: Solar energyGroup 1: Solar energy
Group 2: Wind energyGroup 2: Wind energy
Group 3: Hydro energyGroup 3: Hydro energy
Group 6: Wave energyGroup 6: Wave energy
Group 4: Biomass energyGroup 4: Biomass energy
Group 7: Energy transportGroup 7: Energy transport
Group 5: Nuclear energyGroup 5: Nuclear energy
The EndThe End