6. TREATMENT STORYBOARD

for G. McMillan C. Impey, Co-PI More Things in Heaven and Earth

Narrator: David Levy. Consultants: Stephen Greenblatt, David Levy, Ewen Whitaker, Frederick Kiefer, Maurice A.

Finocchiaro, Bob Joseph, Richard Poss, and Nick Campion.

SC. 1 Prologue

Music with a soft beat that adds a pulse to narrative:

http://www.royaltyfreemusic.com/free-beats.html CHOOSE beat “22”

B-roll: 258 -- In the Heart of the Galaxy. (http://www.psi.edu/hartmann/stars.html)

ID: heic1107a Name:ARP 273 (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic1107a/) ID: heic1118a Name: s106 IR, Sh 2-106 (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic1118a)

Repeated animated metaphor: galaxies swirl and penetrate each other as various speakers

discuss the dynamic interplay of science and the arts.

Narrator: Voice-over as the music plays softly and Levy’s skyward gaze takes us to swirling

galaxies and nebulae. David Levy walks on the grounds of Kitt Peak National Observatory, near

Tucson, Arizona, and says, “I have always loved the night sky, as well as Shakespeare. My Ph.D. dissertation from Hebrew University in Jerusalem covers Shakespeare’s cosmology, among other things.

I look for comets and lead night observing tours here in Southern Arizona. My book More Things in

Heaven and Earth brings together these two loves: Shakespeare and the night sky.” Levy opens a folio and camera closes in on an old Hamlet etching.

B-roll: Hamlet etching

ID: heic0514a Name: N66, NGC 346 Link: (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0514a/)

More Things—Treatment 2

VO cont.

“As Hamlet says to his friend Horatio, ‘There are more things in heaven and on earth than are dreamt of

in your philosophy.’ Early in Shakespeare’s tragedy, Hamlet warns his friend that being too closed-

minded will keep Horatio from accurately seeing the world around him.

Fade. Segue to Elizabethan Period music: “The Carman’s Whistle” by William Byrd

Ref: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hG2PRlbPlps&feature=fvwrel

Dissolve:

Copernicus morphs into Mona Lisa

Video clip of Bob Joseph: But has it always been this way? Have there been times when scientists looked over the hedge at the arts and artists looked with wonder at the sciences?

We know one of these moments occurred during the lives of Will Shakespeare and Galileo

Galilei who were both born in the year 1564. Prof. Joseph talks about Galileo’s world, his

interest in art.

SC. 2

Music with a soft beat that adds a pulse to narrative:

http://www.royaltyfreemusic.com/free-beats.html CHOOSE beat “22”

Setting: Ticking clocks flying through space and time, slowing at late

16th C.

Experts: Profs. Stephen Greenblatt, Maurice Finocchiaro, and Nick Campion.

CUT to clocks slowing down sound of stretching time, a twang sound. Pan

birthplaces of Shakespeare and Galileo.

Segue to Renaissance lute music:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6oow4PgOg4

More Things—Treatment 3

Fred Kellogg: From video of Kellogg to voice-over. Sixteenth Century London,

musical and medical instruments, armaments, naval equipment, etc. Opinions differ about

just what made the heady atmosphere in the 17th Century a starting place for so much

creativity and interaction between science and the humanities. Kellogg offers the historian’s overview about situation of geographic discovery, science, and art in early

modern period, including the role of Arab science in returning from the Dark Ages.

Cut to Shakespeare scholar Stephen Greenblatt who starts voice-over. Animated cuts

between galaxies form a metaphor. Images of complex galactic evolution swirl across the

screen while Greenblatt talks about the interaction of science and the humanities in the period of the youth and manhood of Shakespeare and Galileo. What about the awakening renaissance caused

people to view nature and the cosmos in a new way? Citing his text The Swerve, he examines the

startling rediscovery of Lucretius De Rerum Natura as a tidal force dispelling fear and superstition.

ID: opo0010a Name: NGC 1999 (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo0010a/) ID: opo0432d Name: Helix Nebula, NGC 7293 (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo0432d) ID:opo9544a Name: Eagle Nebula, Messier 16 (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo9544a) ID: heic0506b Name: Eagle Nebula, Messier16 (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0506b/)

ID: heic0619a Name: Pismis 24, Pismis 24-1 (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0619a) ID: Name: Eagle Nebula Messier 16 (http://imgsrc.hubblesite.org/hu/db/images/hs-1995-44-b-full_jpg.jpg)

CUT to Galileo scholar Maurice Finocchiaro describing the inspiration in both art and science that washed over Galileo as a boy and young adult. Voice-over starts. Photo montage

of Renaissance inventions and art. Around 1589, the wheels of engineering were turning and

eyes turning to the skies as new optics and fireworks were invented. Young Galileo at age 25 experienced these fireworks and technologically advanced intermezzi during celebrations at the court of

the Duke Ferdinando de Medici I, who was Galileo’s patron. In such court displays, the arts totally

merged with the sciences.

More Things—Treatment 4

Sc. 3

Fade. Segue to Elizabethan Period music: “Dunscombe’s Galliard”http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_RcMug23po&feature=related

Experts: Nick Campion, Ewen Whitaker

Setting: Elizabethan countryside with historic sites

associated with Digges.

Narrator: In this early modern period, astrology and

astronomy had not yet learned to become separate.

CUT to Nick Campion who cites his text Galileo’s Astrology,

telling of the beginnings of the distinction

between astrology and astronomy with instances in both Shakespeare and the poet

John Donne.

Voice-over continues with a photo montage of astrological,

astronomical concepts of the solar system and the cosmos.

ID: potw1007a Name HD 44179 (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1007a/) ID : heic0901a Name: NGC 4921(http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0901a) ID: potw 1036a Name: Cartwheel Galaxy (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1036a)

More Things—Treatment 5

ID: heic1018a Name SNR BO509-67.5 (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic1018a) ID: heic 1209a Name HD 189733A (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic1209a/)

Dissolve to Ewen Whitaker video: One of the most surprising new optics was developed during Queen

Elizabeth I’s reign in England in the home of a court mathematician named Leonard Digges whose son and grandson were Shakespeare’s friends.

Cut to photo of the Elizabethan mathematician Leonard Digges’ perspective glass. Pan various English Elizabethan optics as Ewen Whitaker talks about his actual working model of the perspective

glass and what Shakespeare may have known about as he stayed at his friend Digges’ house. Evidence in

Hamlet names Rosenkrantz and Guildenstern from Digges’s Tycho Brahe astronomy text. CUT to voice-over of the narrator: But in later times, the flow between the sciences and the arts dwindled. Rivalry and

competition have often replaced the flow of art to science and vice versa.

Sc. 3

Fade. Segue to Elizabethan Lute music:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=97iZyoLRt-M

Experts: Fred Kiefer, Richard Posse

Setting: Elizabethan Court

Narrator: Fear is not new. Fears about our human role in the cosmos and the effect of the Copernican “new philosophy” on the social order in

Shakespeare’s day caused the playwright to dramatically etch into our minds

his responses to these convulsions in society.

CUT to video of Shakespeare scholar Frederick Kiefer, which segues to voice-over.

The rivalries in the Elizabethan Court and political upheavals drove stage production. PAN

photos of historic etchings of Globe Theatre and Elizabeth I’s Court. Kiefer tells how a

More Things—Treatment 6

tidal wave of ideas swept across the bounds of science to the humanities. Responding to this ferment of

ideas, Shakespeare revolutionized the world with his tragedy King Lear.

Richard Poss: Video of Cultural Astronomy scholar Poss segues to

voice-over. Scientists such as Francis Bacon also knew fear of authorities who felt science needed to be checked and restrained. Poss

describes the climate in Elizabethan England regarding the church and

state’s view of science. The public were and are often wary of scientific

news and competition between scientists and humanists was old history even in Shakespeare’s and Galileo’s era.

Pause and segue to narrator. After a few seconds this cosmos animation starts.

Title: “3D VFX Beautiful and relaxing space travel animation”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cOLJnIwYSxE

Scene 4:

Narrator over cosmos animation, which starts to speed up like the rapid ‘spaced-out’ sequence in the

film 2001: As if to illustrate Hamlet’s warning, we are seeing mutual incomprehension and a lack of

communication between science and the humanities on the rise. The universe is full of many things, but some of today’s scientists and humanities scholars seem to be half in the dark on either side of the cultural

divide. Perhaps the main cause of the “two culture” problem is the incomprehension caused by

specialization. Yet in what is more than a footnote, postmodern scholars have been dismissive of science,

‘deconstructing’ the scientific method as being only another kind of story, no more or less valuable than other stories about the world. And these theorists charge that science is a method of thinking that needs

containment.

FADE to graphic of a balloon shaped word ‘SCIENCE, ’expanding and expanding until a hand appears with a pin and---pop!

Background music picks up and becomes more insistent:

http://www.royaltyfreemusic.com/free-beats.html CHOOSE beat “04”

Camera pans C. P. Snow photograph. Narrator: C. P. Snow, a trained scientist who wrote novels, spoke often about the inability of science to collaborate or even communicate with the

humanities. As part of his plea for better communications and understanding, Snow laments

the lack of fruitful interchange between science and the arts noting that “Ignorance of the

second law of thermodynamics is the equivalent of never reading a word of Shakespeare” (The Two Cultures 15). Other theorists have followed Snow who have given valuable critical thought to science,

but who also, perhaps, have enlarged the gap between the fields.

More Things—Treatment 7

Fade in page from Galileo’s Sidereus Nuncius, which starts

to have holes in it, the holes grow until the page looks like a Swiss cheese and fades out.

Narrator over photos: Perhaps the most influential French postmodern theorist, Michel Foucault,

challenged the entire medical knowledge formation process or epistemology in his landmark study The

Archaeology of Knowledge (1969). Foucault’s interrogation of science was broadened to other social

sciences by influential postmodern theorists such as Jacques Derrida’s Of Grammatology(1966). Derrida asserts that the scientific communication style devalues writing. Richard Rorty’s ‘neopragmatist’

Consequences of Pragmatism (1982) claims that all scientific and philosophical methods are merely

contingent "vocabularies" which are abandoned or adopted over time according to social conventions and usefulness. Science historian Thomas Kuhn’s 1962 study The Structure of Scientific Revolutions

introduced the ‘irrational’ element of choice into the hitherto-thought linear progress of science. These

are but four of the many postmodern theorists questioning science. Since postmodern theory is the

dominant paradigm (to use Kuhn’s term) in college humanities classes, the effects are momentous. When our generation’s students learn to hold science in low esteem, their dismissive attitudes can affect the

level of educational growth and development of useful knowledge, including our nation’s competitiveness

in education.

Narrator segues to video clips: However, astronomer Chris Impey and

cultural anthropologist Nick Campion, among others, believe that the rift between science and the humanities is more generally due to

“incomprehension or unfamiliarity” between the two fields than due to

dismissive intent on either side. Impey believes that the “two cultures” impasse

can be addressed by enlightened education, as we hope to show.”

Sc. 5 Seeds of Collaboration

Music: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qeATjVHFpRQ “Pulsing background music”

More Things—Treatment 8

Narrator: How can science benefit from literature? NASA’s Ulysses Space Mission (1990 – 2002) sent

out to study our sun used “Hans Brinker or the Silver Skates” story in its teaching packets to show that a minor ice age occurred in Europe from 1450 to roughly 1850. The Ulysses Space Mission’s teaching

material shines a valuable new light on changes in our climate, issues that affect all of us.

NASA encourages the reading of literature through the lens of science. Many clues to our

current global warming have been lost because humanities scholars have not traditionally mined literary texts for scientific data. As both the humanities and the sciences begin to see using scientific lens as one

more method of literary criticism, everyone benefits.

Narrator: One recent example of a scientist who solved a problem after reading a novel is NASA’s Principal Investigator Peter Smith, who was

alerted to the issue of human contamination of Mars from his youthful

reading of Ray Bradbury’s The Martian Chronicles. Because of

Bradbury’s depiction of the devastating effect that a human space mission has upon the fictional inhabitants of Mars, Smith took

extraordinary precautions in his Phoenix Mars Lander Mission to avoid

such unintentional “germ warfare.”

Narrator: The public benefits from program like Eyeball, developed

by an English professor. Eyeball can pin the identity of a terrorist or

other criminal by analyzing writing style. Used in the courtroom, author

attribution syntactical analysis software is a proven and useful blend of science and the arts. In 1971, Donald Ross, a University of Minnesota

English professor, invented the textual analysis program Eyeball, which

came to have dual uses. Of course, literary researchers use author attribution software such as Eyeball to place an anonymous text as belonging to the

work of one or another historical fiction writer. In the courtroom, lawyers

can use programs such as Eyeball to profile the creators of terrorist

manifestos (e.g., the Patty Hearst case) and other anonymous textual evidence. This forensic use of what began as a collection of literary tools

and methods has importance to the public outside academia and shows the

advantage of collaboration between science and the arts.

Narrator: And young humanities scholars are also making waves. College English instructor Allison

Walker has created a boundary-breaking project at North Carolina A&T State University. Her project is

part of the larger, multi-university, NSF-funded BEACON grant to link biological systems to literature and the humanities.

More Things—Treatment 9

Evolution in five minutes video (short clip):

URL: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvrmZLGWfFs&feature=related

Narrator’s voice-over as image of Walker fades to logo and evolution animation: Walker’s students read literary texts such as Kurt Vonnegut’s Galapagos and Margaret Atwood’s Oryx and Crake,

and William Faulkner’s “Red Leaves” using evolution as a metaphor. As students explore the

Big Bang and other scientific matters in their science classes, they are able to make new insights and connections via literary texts. The humorous science fiction film Idiocracy is also under

development as a learning module by the BEACON group because of this film’s dystopian

warning about cultural devolution and “dumbing down” over 500 years.

Project URL: http://www.sciethicsinteractive.com/

Narrator: voice-over as image of

Kahn fades to SciEthics Intercative

logo and project animations.

In another surprising bridging of disciplines, English Professor Seth Kahn is a member of a five-person team, along with two philosophy professors, an educational technology professor, and a physicist, who

have launched an innovative project at West Chester University of Pennsylvania. Their National Science

Foundation-funded project is making progress working with science faculty to develop virtual reality

scientific ethics training modules. We can all see the benefits of a humanities approach to making scientists active and responsible global citizens since the whole community depends upon their integrity.

But the parallels with the past are also evidence in the team's approach as they evoke the image of

Galileo in their training module.

Sc. 6

Music: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NvLT8TX5dWw&feature=related “Alone”

More Things—Treatment 10

Narrator David Levy again walks atop Kitt Peak among the many state-of-the-art telescopes

mounted there. Segue from the mountain up into the sky and shift to astronomy paintings. MONTAGE

of astronomer Bill Hartmann’s space paintings and Hubble NASA images as narrator speaks:

Ours is, indeed, a time of both opportunity and of decision. Will we maximize our resources and work

together or let the comprehension gaps and miscommunications remain intact? We choose where to

spend our time and resources. It is in our power to deflect asteroids that may destroy the earth and also to find important clues to other scientific puzzles that impact the broader public. We simply need the will to

act where no one has acted before. Our creative intelligence draws us into a strange new universe that

may literally show us “more things in heaven and earth”…

ID heic0108a Name: NGC 1850 (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0108a/) 360 -- Supernova in a Star-forming Region (http://www.psi.edu/hartmann/stars.html)

ID: heic0503a (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0503a/) ID: opo0123a Name: ESO 510-G13, IRAS 13522-2632 (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo0123a/) ID opo9941a Name IC 2163 NGC 2207 (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo9941a/) ID heic 1104a Name NGC 2841 (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic1104a/) ID: opo0328a Name M 104, Sombrero Galaxy (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo0328a/)

ID: heic0506a Name: Messier 51, Whirlpool Galaxy (http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0506a/)