PEARL ACADEMY OF FASHION

FOUNDATION BUSINESS

Consumption of Cosmetics by Indian Women

A Descriptive Research

Submitted to

Mrs Vasundhra Gupta

Submitted By

Anirban Saha, Palak Jain, Shreya Kumar, Shreya Tewari

Submitted On

November 25, 2014

1

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We wish to express our deep appreciation to everyone who has supported us throughout the process of developing this project. It has been a great journey from the beginning to the end.

We would like to acknowledge and extend our heartfelt gratitude to Ms Vasundhra Gupta for her guidance during the entire process of research. Her views helped us to work with full enthusiasm and motivation.

We would like to extend our gratitude to Ms Usha Agarwal, our course leader for helping us during the entire process of analysing the data in the report.

We also thank all the people who have helped us with valuable data and information needed in the completion and analysis of this report possible.

2

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This project deals with the current scenario in the cosmetic industry and the amount of money spent by females on cosmetics in India. This project tells about the consumer behaviour of females in the cosmetic industry in terms of the amount of money they spend on cosmetics.

The study has been carried on by collecting information from various age groups of females such as teenagers, housewives and working women who have been buying cosmetics since a long time. The survey was conducted to obtain information from customers about their preferences while buying cosmetics. This would help us to know the need gap in the industry through which we can decide that how much can a female spend on cosmetics.

Also, several secondary data was used to analyse the current situation of the cosmetic industry. This secondary data includes data collected from internet.

The amalgamation of the primary and secondary data has helped us to attain a result that a moderate amount out of the total disposable income is spent on cosmetics.

3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

P. NO.

Acknowledgement

Executive Summary

Chapter 1 Literature Review 8-18

1. Introduction 1.1 What are Cosmetics? 1.2 Origin 1.3 Classification

2. Indian Cosmetic Market2.1 Key players of the Indian Cosmetic Market2.2 Indian Brands2.3 International Brands in India2.4 Market Share

3. Consumers3.1 Teenagers

Reasons for Using Cosmetics Brands Used Average Pocket Money Expenditure on Cosmetics Market Share

3.2 Women Housewives

- Reasons for Using Cosmetics- Brands Used- Expenditure on Cosmetics

Working Women- Reasons for Using Cosmetics- Brands Used- Expenditure on Cosmetics

Chapter 2 Research Methodology 19

1. Sample Unit1.1 Working1.2 Non-working

4

2. Sample Size 50 females

3. Data Collection Methods and Tools3.1 Primary Source3.2 Secondary Source

4. Data Analysis

Chapter 3 Results and Discussions 20-24

1.Correlation1.1 Between age and money spent1.2 Between disposable income and money spent1.3 Between occupation and money spent

2.Bar Graphs3.Pie Charts4.Mean

Chapter 4 Conclusion 25

1. Summary

2. Limitations

Chapter-5 Bibliography 26

Chapter-6 Referencing 26

Annexure 27

5

LIST OF TABLES

S.No. CONTENTS P.No.

Table 1 Indian Brands 13

Table 2 International Brands in India 13-14

Table 3 When do you use cosmetics? 19

Table 4 What price range do you prefer? 20

Table 5 Why do you use herbal cosmetics? 21

Table 6 Which mode of shopping do you prefer? 21

Table 7 Why do you use cosmetics? 22

Table 8 Factors affecting the purchase of

cosmetics in India 22

Table 9 Preference of herbal cosmetics 23Table 10 Preference of non-herbal cosmetics 23

6

LIST OF GRAPHS

S.No. CONTENTS P.No.

Fig.1. Market Share of Brands in India 15

Fig.2. Purpose of Using Cosmetics 17

Fig.3. Expenditure on Cosmetics 18

Fig.4. When do you use cosmetics? 21

Fig.5. What price range do you prefer? 21

Fig.6. Why do you use herbal cosmetics? 21

Fig.7. Which mode of shopping do you prefer? 22

Fig.8. Why do you use cosmetics? 22

7

Chapter-1: Literature Review

1. Introduction

1.1 What are cosmetics?

Cosmetics (colloquially known as makeup or make-up) are care substances used to enhance the appearance or odor of the human body. They are generally mixtures of chemical compounds, some being derived from natural sources, many being synthetic. According to FDA which regulates cosmetics, defines cosmetics as "intended to be applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body's structure or functions. “And includes any material intended for use as a component of a cosmetic product.

1.2 Origin:

IN THE WORLDThe word cosmetics derives from the Greek (kosmetikē tekhnē), meaning "technique of dress and ornament", from (kosmētikos), "skilled in ordering or arranging" and that from (kosmos), meaning amongst others "order" and "ornament”. The first archeological evidence of cosmetics comes from the hollowed out tombs of the Ancient Egyptian pharaohs. Archaeological evidence of cosmetics dates at least from ancient Egypt and Greece. According to one source, early major developments include:

Castor oil used by ancient Egypt as a protective balm. Skin creams made of beeswax, olive oil, and rosewater, described by Romans. Vaseline and lanolin in the nineteenth century. Nivea in 1911.

IN INDIA Since 1991 with the liberalization along with the crowning of many Indian women at international beauty pageants, the cosmetic industry has come into the limelight in a bigger way. Subsequently there has been a change in the cosmetic consumption and this trend is

8

fueling growth in the cosmetic sector. The first Indian cosmetic brand "lakme" which was started around 1952,famously because the then Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, was concerned that Indian women were spending precious foreign exchange on beauty products, and requested JRD Tata to manufacture them in India. Simone Tata joined the company as director, and went on to become its chairman. In 1996 Tata sold off their stakes in Lakmé Lever to HLL, for Rs.200 Crore (45 million US$), and went on to create Trent and Westside. And today it is owned by Hindustan Unilever and run by CEO Pushkaraj Shenai.Lakme also started its new business in the beauty industry by setting up Lakme Beauty Salons all over India. Now HUL (Hindustan Unilever Limited) has about 110 salons all over India providing beauty services. Lakme' has been ranked as 47th most trusted brand in India by The Brand Trust Report. Even today, when most multinational beauty products are available in India, Lakme still occupies a special place in the hearts of Indian women.

Size of the Industry

The size of Indian Cosmetics Industry-It is globally is $ 274 billion, while that of the Indian cosmetic industry is $ 4.6 billion.Market Capitalization-According to analysis and figures given by the Confederation of Indian Industries (CII), the total Indian beauty and cosmetic market size currently stands at US$950 million and showing growth between 15-20% per annum.Output per annum-Industry sources estimate a rapid growth rate of 20% per annumPercentage in World market-The overall beauty and wellness market that includes beauty services stands at about US$2,680 million, according to CII estimates.

1.3 Classification:

Cosmetics include skin-care creams, lotions, powders, perfumes, lipsticks, fingernail and toe nail polish, eye and facial makeup, permanent waves, colored contact lenses, hair colors, hair sprays and gels, deodorants, hand sanitizer, baby products, bath oils, bubble baths, bath salts, butters and many other types of products. A subset of cosmetics is called "make-up," which refers primarily to coloring products intended to alter the user’s appearance.

1. Primer, come in various formulas to suit individual skin conditions. Most are meant to reduce the appearance of pore size, prolong the wear of makeup, and allow for a smoother application of makeup, and are applied before foundation.

2. Lipstick, lip gloss, lip liner, lip plumper, lip balm, lip conditioner, lip primer, and lip boosters. Lipsticks are intended to add color and texture to the lips and often come in a wide range of colors, as well as finishes such as matte, satin and luster.

3. Concealer, makeup used to cover any imperfections of the skin. Concealer is often used for any extra coverage needed to cover blemishes, under eye circles, and other imperfections. Concealer is often thicker and more solid than foundation, and provides longer lasting, more detailed coverage.

9

4. Foundation is used to smooth out the face and cover spots or uneven skin coloration. Usually a liquid, cream, or powder, as well as most recently a light and fluffy mousse. Foundation provides coverage from sheer to full depending on preference. 5. Face powder is used to set the foundation, giving it a matte finish, and also to conceal small flaws or blemishes. Tinted face powders may also be worn alone as a light foundation.

6. Rouge, blush or blusher is cheek coloring used to bring out the color in the cheeks and make the cheekbones appear more defined. Rouge comes in powder, cream, and liquid forms.

7. Contour powder/creams are used to define the face. They can be used to give the illusion of a slimmer face or to modify a person’s face shape in other desired ways.

8. Highlight, used to draw attention to the high points of the face as well as to add glow to the face, comes in liquid, cream, and powder forms. It often contains a substance to provide shimmer. A lighter toned foundation/concealer can be used instead of highlight to create a more natural look.

9. Bronzer is used to give skin a bit of color by adding a golden or bronze glow, as well as being used for contouring. It comes in either matte, semi matte/satin, or shimmer finishes.

10. Mascara is used to darken, lengthen, thicken, or draw attention to the eyelashes. It is available in natural colors such as brown and black, but also comes in bolder colors such as blue, pink, or purple. Some mascaras also include glitter flecks.

11. Eyeliner is used to enhance and elongate the size of the eye.

12. Eyebrow pencils, creams, waxes, gels and powders are used to color and define the brows.

13. Nail polish is used to color the fingernails and toenails. Transparent, colorless versions may be used to strengthen nails, or used as a top or base coat to protect the nail or polish.

14. Setting Spray is used to keep applied makeup intact for long periods of time. An alternative to setting spray is setting powder, which may be either pigmented or translucent.

15. False eyelashes are frequently used when extravagant and exaggerated eyelashes are desired.

Herbal Products

The emphasis of the herbal cosmetic has been on the spectacular growth of the herbal and ayurvedic beauty products business as conveyed by beauty expert Shahnaz Husain who was the first to introduce the concept of ayurvedic cosmetics to the world when she launched her products way back in 1970. Today, the Indian cosmetics industry has a plethora of herbal

10

cosmetic brands like Forest Essentials, Biotique, Himalaya, Blossom Kochhar, VLCC, Dabur and Lotus and many more.

Benefits:

All natural:These cosmetics speak for themselves. Just like their name connotes, they are all natural. It means that the ingredients used are not chemically or synthetically made.Instead, plant and flower extracts are used. They also contain natural nutrients like Vitamin E that keeps skin healthy and glowing.

Safe to use:Compared with other beauty products, natural cosmetics are safer to use. They are hypo-allergenic and tested and proven by dermatologists to be safe to use anytime, anywhere. Since they are made of natural ingredients, you don’t have to worry about getting rashes or experience skin itchiness.

Compatible with all skin types:Natural cosmetics are perfect for all skin types. Whether you are dark or fair, you will find natural cosmetics like foundation, eye shadow, and lipstick which are appropriate for your skin tone. Women with oily or sensitive skin can also use them and never have to worry about worsening their skin condition.

Wide selection to choose from:Natural cosmetics may still be a new face in the beauty industry but they already offer a wide selection of beauty products for all make up fanatics out there to choose from you will find a fine selection of foundation, eye shadow, lipstick, blush, mascara, concealer, and many more which are all natural. Further, you will find locally made natural cosmetics or those made by famous designers worldwide.

Fits your budget:Mind you but natural cosmetics are not that expensive. As a matter of fact, some of these products are more affordable than synthetics ones. They are offered at discount prices and are sold for a cheap price during sales. Just be resourceful enough to look for great deals.

Not tested on animals:Some cosmetics are tested on animals to ensure that they are safe and effective to use. However, natural cosmetics are not one of them. These natural beauty enhancers are tested by experts in laboratories using state of the art equipment with no animals involved.

No side effects:There are beauty products that can irritate your skin, and cause pimples. Block your pores and make your skin dry or oily. With natural cosmetics, you don’t need to worry about these.The natural ingredients used guarantee no side effects; you can apply them anytime you want.

11

Non Herbal Products (Mineral Makeup)

Gentle for sensitive skin types:Mineral makeup offers a solution. Since these formulas are composed of inorganic minerals and are also oil-free, they do not support the growth of bacteria—making mineral makeup especially beneficial for patients with acne-prone skin. And because it does not contain sensitizers like perfumes and chemical dyes that may cause allergies, mineral makeup is considered gentle for sensitive skin types.

Sun protection against UV RAYS:The main ingredients in mineral makeup are zinc oxide and titanium dioxide—both physical sunscreens that provide broad-spectrum sun protection against UVA and UVB rays. Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are considered physical blocks because they “sit” on the skin’s surface and are not absorbed by the skin1. Zinc is an antioxidant and plays an important role in protecting the skin against free radical-induced oxidative damage.

Luminous look:Interestingly, titanium dioxide has an extremely high light refraction index—even higher than that of a diamond. This light-refractive effect helps to diffuse the appearance of skin imperfections and gives the skin a luminous look.

Non-makeup look:As far as coverage, mineral makeup creates the most natural finish, which I call a ”non-makeup look.” Though the makeup itself is weightless and practically invisible, it provides long-lasting coverage, leaving the skin with an even, smooth appearance. It feels as though you’re not even wearing makeup.

Sensitive skin:It’s often recommended for sensitive skin as it has fewer potential irritants and is soothing to the skin. Some cosmetic surgeons will only let their patients use mineral make-up after surgery as it’s free of irritants. "Mineral make-up usually contains fewer ingredients and because of this," says Hermione Lawson from the British Skin Foundation, "it may be less likely to aggravate sensitive skin including conditions such as rosacea.

12

2.Indian Cosmetic Market

The global cosmetic industry or multi nationals have been captivated by India in a fascinating manner – the world’s second most populous country - over 1 billion poeple - even one percent of captured market at estimated rates is a huge sum for some companies. India has seen a growth in the cosmetics industry especially in the recent ten years. In some of the western countries - where 55 plus age category is the target group, in India the target range is from 20 plus age group. Indian men are increasingly taking to cosmetics with men’s personal-care segment estimated at over $200 million. Increased brand choices caused growth of many brands such as L’Oréal, Maybelline, Lakme, and others. People today ask for quality of products. This change is across the segments - all classes of towns and cities and mega cities - people have moved towards quality of products and self-consciousness has become important in rural towns as well.

Size of the Industry:

The Indian Cosmetics Industry contributes $ 274 billion to the global income. The current size of the Indian Cosmetic Industry is approx US$ 600 million. The fastest growing segment is color cosmetics, accounting for around US$ 60 million of the market. Industry sources estimate a rapid growth rate of 20% per annum across different segments

of the cosmetics industry reflecting with an increase demand for all kinds of beauty and personal care products. Growth in the Indian Cosmetic Industry has come mainly from the low and medium-priced categories that account for 90 % of the cosmetic market in terms of volume.

2.1 Key Players of Indian Cosmetic Market:

Lakmé: It is an Indian brand of cosmetics, owned by Unilever. It started as a 100% subsidiary of Tata Oil Mills (Tomco), part of the Tata Group; it is named after the French opera Lakmé, which is the French form of Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth who is also renowned for her beauty.

Revlon: It is an American cosmetic for skin care, fragrance, and Personal Care Company founded in 1932.

Oriflame Cosmetics S.A.: It is a cosmetic group, founded in 1967 in Sweden by the brothers Jonas AF Jochnick and Robert AF Jochnick.

13

The L'Oréal Group: It is the world's largest cosmetics and beauty company. It concentrates on hair colour, skin care, sun protection, make-up, perfumes and hair care.

Chambor: This cosmetic line is a blend of the finest traditions in terms of radiant color, soft texture and skin accentuator.

Maybelline: It is a makeup brand sold worldwide and owned by L'Oréal.

Avon Products, Inc.: It is a US cosmetics, perfume and toy seller with markets in over 140 countries across the world.

Make-up Art Cosmetics or MAC Cosmetics: It is a manufacturer of cosmetics which was founded in Toronto, Canada by Frank Toskan and Frank Angelo in 1984

ColorBar cosmetics: They are one of the leading brands of color cosmetics in India.

Street Wear: It is a young, funky and hip brand which is globally positioned at the young and trendy shopper and the range consists of about 30 SKUs covering categories like nail enamel, lipsticks, lip gloss, face make-up kits and eye shadows.

2.2 Indian Brands :

Brand Name LogoHimalaya

Elle 18

Lakme

VLCC

Shahnaz Husain

Table 1

2.3International Brands:

Brand Name Logo

14

Pond’s

Colorbar

L’Oreal

Maybelline

Olay

Table 2

2.4 Market Share:

15

Fig.1.

3.Consumers

The Indian Cosmetic Market consists of two major sections of the population of the country that are; Teenagers and Women. These two are the most important constituents of the Indian Cosmetic Market since they shape the nation.

3.1 Teenagers: Reasons –

According to new research from independent market analyst Data monitor, teenagers are using personal care products including cosmetics, makeup and hair care items for a variety of purposes; as a means to establish their sense of identity, fit in with their peers and experiment and have fun.

Teenage personal care use is largely driven by the desire to establish a sense of individuality, tempered by a need for belonging or acceptance within society in general or by a particular peer group, reports the new study.

Girls are much more willing to experiment with make-up and fragrances. This applies particularly to younger teenagers, since older teens prefer to use brands aimed at an adult audience. Celebrity idols have a certain amount of influence over this group, as teenagers tend to try and emulate their favourite idols' look.

A further need governing teenage personal care consumption is their desire for maturity, as they strive to appear and behave as if they were older than they really are. This is thought to manifest itself in older teenage girls' preferences regarding personal care brands. 

The study claims that teenage girls aged 15 years or more, contrary to received wisdom, do in fact listen to their mothers, and frequently favour many of the same brands of cosmetics.

Market Share – Teenagers contribute to a good amount of market share in the Indian Cosmetic Market and therefore, for 65% of the teenagers in India, their expenditure on branded cosmetics has increased 75% in the past 10 years.

Brands –

MAC-MAC: This cosmetics brand is one of the most trusted names in makeup. MAC introduces a new line of makeup for every season. MAC’s vision revolves around individuality, equality, and originality. It is known for staying ahead of fashion and trends and sells eye-catching, high profile products.  This is truly a popular brand for teens, but it is also pricy.

4Clinique: All of Clinique’s makeup products are dermatologist developed, allergy

16

tested, and fragrance free.

Cover Girl: It is a makeup brand that is easily accessible in your local drugstores, convenient stores, and supermarkets for reasonable prices. The brand features fresh faces from the hit show, America’s Next Top Model. The spokeswomen of this brand are inspiring and great role models for growing girls.

Maybelline: Maybelline is the number one cosmetics company in America. Maybelline offers trendsetting colors, affordability, and works for those on the runway or in the mainstream.

Neutrogena: Neutrogena is a great cosmetics brand that offers high-class products for low and affordable prices. This makeup applies flawlessly.

3.2 Women:

The study under the section of women is categorised into two different parts, namely, housewives and working women.

Women have eventually changed their lifestyle with the changing world. They were once known for staying at home and handling all the household chores and taking care of their family. But, with the passing time, they have found out the true reason of their existence. They have started working like men and have eventually made an important identity.

The further study is a comparison of the lifestyles of both housewives and working women. The objective of the study is to know that what portion of the total savings of the average housewives and what portion of the total income earned by the average working women goes into the Indian cosmetic market.

Reasons –According to the research, it is found out that there are about 8 preferred reasons of buying cosmetics stated by the women. The following chart shares the exact proportion of the purposes fulfilled.

The pie chart on the right shows that 24% of the women buy cosmetics for facial care, 15% for the occupational requirement, 13% for young looks, 13% for improving self-

17

Facial Care

Occupational Requirement

Young LooksImproving Self-Image

Feeling Better

Medical Purpose

FashionAttracting Men

Purpose of Using Cosmetics

Housewives

AvonLakmeMaybellinePond'sShahnaz HussainOriflame

Working Women

OlayColorbarPond'sLakmeL'OrealMaybellineOriflameMAC

image, 12% for feeling better, 10% for medical purpose, 8% for fashion and the rest 5% for attracting men towards themselves.

Expenditure on Cosmetics –

Expenditure on Cosmetics0

10

20

30

40

50

60

HousewivesWorking Women

Fig.3.

The above diagram shows the expenditure on cosmetics by both housewives and the working women in the Indian Cosmetic Market. As shown, the average housewives of India contribute 43% of the total savings in the market, whereas, the working women tend to contribute a higher proportion of 57% of their total income.

Brands –The following is a list of brands used by the housewives and the working women respectively.

18

Chapter-2: Research Methodology

1. Sample Unit

1.1 Working: Teenagers (15-19) Ladies (20-35) Women (35-55)

1.2 Non-working: Teenagers (15-19) Ladies (20-35) Women (35-55)

2. Sample Size

50 females

3. Data Collection Methods And Tools

3.1 PRIMARY SOURCE: Questionnaires from customers In-depth interview with customers

3.2 SECONDARY SOURCE:

Internet Journals Books

4. Data Analysis

Data analysis and presentation has been done through Bar-graphs Pie charts

19

Correlation Mean

Chapter-3: Data Analysis and Findings

1. Correlation:

1.1 Between age and money spent by females on cosmetics in IndiaInterpretation: According to the statistical method applied on the age and the money spent by the females on the cosmetics, a correlation of 0.173534 is found which means that there is a positive correlation between the two which further states a direct relationship. However, it can be seen that the acquired result is very less and thus, it can be interpreted that age is not at all affecting the amount of money spent by females on cosmetics in India.

1.2 Between disposable income and money spent by females on cosmetics in India

Interpretation: In context of the statistical method applied on the disposable income and the money spent by the females on the cosmetics, it is indicated that there is a correlation of 0.537697 which means that there is a positive and direct relation between the two. However, the disposable income moderately affects the amount of money spent by females on cosmetics in India.

1.3 Between occupation and money spent by females on cosmetics in IndiaInterpretation: In terms of the statistical method applied on the occupation and the money spent by the females on the cosmetics, a correlation of 0.2155605 is observed which means that there is a positive correlation between the two which further indicates a direct relationship. However, it can be seen that the obtained result is very less and therefore, it can be interpreted that occupation is not at all affecting the amount of money spent by females on cosmetics in India.

2. Bar Graphs:

2.1 When do you use cosmetics?

Options Everyday Sometimes Rarely OccasionallyFrequency 19 17 6 8

Table 3

20

Everyday Sometimes Rarely Occasionally02468

101214161820

When do you use cosmetics?

When do you use cosmetics?

Fig.4.

Interpretation: According to the data, it is observed that 38% of females use cosmetics every day, 34% use it sometimes, 12% use it rarely and 16% use it occasionally.

2.2 What price range do you prefer?

Price range 500-1000 1000-1500 1500-2000 2000-2500Frequency 20 11 15 4

Table 4

500-1000 1000-1500

1500-2000

2000-2500

0

5

10

15

20

25

What price range do you prefer?

What price range do you prefer?

Fig.5.

Interpretation: In terms of the price range preferred by females while purchasing cosmetics, it is analysed that the maximum no. of females that is, 40% of the total population, prefer to buy cosmetics ranging between Rs. 500-1000.

21

3. Pie Charts:

3.1 Why do you use herbal cosmetics?

Reasons Safe to use Compatible with all skin types

Fits your budget

Does not have side effects

Its natural

Frequency 19 9 7 11 4

Table 5

38%

18%14%

22%8%

Why do you use herbal cosmetics?

Safe to use Compatible with all skin types

Fits your budget Does not have side effectsIts natural

Fig.6.

Interpretation: 22% of the females in India that is the maximum part tend to use herbal cosmetics because they do not have any side effects on their skin.

3.2 Which mode of shopping do you prefer?

Mode of shopping

Brand outlets

Online Departmental stores

Malls Others

Frequency 14 9 12 14 1Table 6

28%

18%24%

28%2%

Which mode of shopping do you prefer?Brand outletsOnlineDepartmental storesMallsOthers

Fig.7.

22

Interpretation: It is observed that according to the data collected, 28% of the females prefer to buy cosmetics from both brand outlets and malls.

3.3 Why do you use cosmetics?

72%

15%

9%4%

Why do you use cosmetics?

To enhance your beautyPeer pressureTo imitate your favourite celebrityTo boost your confidence

Fig.8.

4. Mean:

4.1 Factors affecting the purchase of cosmetics in India

Factors PreferenceTrend 3.16Price 3.28Quality 3.58Quantity 2.54Brand 2.84

Table 8

Interpretation: It is observed that among the factors like trend, price, quality, quantity and brand, quality is the major factor affecting the purchase of cosmetics in India whereas, quantity is the least affecting factor.

23

Table 7

Reasons To enhance your beauty

Peer pressure To imitate your favourite celebrity

To boost your confidence

Frequency 24 5 3 18

4.2 Preference of herbal cosmetics

Cosmetics PreferenceKajal 2.46Lip Balm 2.42Facial Scrub 2.44Lip Gloss 2.62

Table 9

Interpretation: Among all the mentioned herbal cosmetics that are kajal, lip balm, facial scrub and lip gloss, it is found that lip gloss is the most preferred herbal cosmetic by the females. Whereas, the least preferred cosmetic is lip balm. However, it is observed that all the cosmetics are closely ranked in terms of preference.

4.3 Preference of non-herbal cosmetics

Cosmetics PreferenceLipstick 4.76Lip liner 4.54Eye liner 5.26Eye shadow 4.18Foundation 3.46Mascara 4.46Blush-on 4.08Nail-paint 4.16

Table 10

Interpretation: In context of preference of non-herbal cosmetics that are lipstick, lip liner, eye liner, eye shadow, foundation, mascara, blush-on and nail-paint, it us analyzed that eye liner is the most preferred non-herbal cosmetic among the females in India whereas, foundation is the least used cosmetic.

24

Chapter-4: Conclusion

4.1 Summary:

The aim of this project was to know the amount of money spent by females on cosmetics in India. Working on the whole research process led us to the conclusion that the average housewives of India contribute 43% of the total savings in the market, whereas, the working women tend to contribute a higher proportion of 57% of their total income.

However, it is observed that the amount of money spent on cosmetics does not depend on the age of females i.e., if we consider teenagers, housewives and working women, their age does not affect the amount of money spent on cosmetics.

Another observation states that the total disposable income of females moderately affects the amount of money they spend on cosmetics in India.

Therefore, it can be concluded that the aim of the project is achieved with the help of both primary and secondary research done on the topic.

4.2 Limitations:

1. The sample size was not large and therefore, the research could not reach a wider area.

2. Some of the information provided by the respondents was not correct.3. The respondents don’t know the difference between cosmetics and body care

products and thus, some of the information provided by them is hypothetical.

25

Chapter-5: Bibliography

URL:http://www.slideshare.net/vaibhavkatare5/herbal-cosmetics-final-ppt

<URLhttp://www.slideshare.net/BelliPK/indian-cosmetic-industry?related=1>

URL:http://www.staffs.ac.uk/assets/harvard_referencing_examples_tcm44-39847.pdf

Chapter-6: Referencing

URL:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmetics

<URL:https://student.unsw.edu.au/how-do-i-cite-electronic-sources>

<URL;http://www.indianmirror.com/indian-industries/cosmetics.html>

<URLhttps://www.google.co.in/?gfe_rd=cr&ei=btopVPPgKcKl8wfe34CAAQ#q=ppt+on+herbal+cosmetics>

URL:https://www.google.co.in/?gfe_rd=cr&ei=ItwpVN2cE8ql8wft4YD4Cw#q=indian+cosmetic+history

URL:https://www.google.co.in/?gfe_rd=cr&ei=VeIpVKz0H8ml8wfj34C4CQ#q=cosmetics

URL:https://www.google.co.in/?gfe_rd=cr&ei=zuYpVJDZKMyl8wf64YCoDA#q=indian+cosmetics

26

ANNEXURE

1. Questionnaire:

Consumer preference for cosmetics

1. Age group?(a) 15-25 years(b) 26-35 years(c) 36-45 years(d) 46-55 years

2. What is your occupation?(a) Student(b) Home-maker(c) Working(d) Others

3. What is your monthly disposable income/pocket money?(a) Rs 5000-15000(b) Rs 15000-25000(c) Rs 25000-35000(d) Rs 35000-45000

4. What is the part of monthly disposable income/pocket money spent by you on cosmetics?(a) Rs 500-1500(b) Rs 1500-3000(c) Rs 3000-4500(d) Rs 4500-6000

5. Why do you use cosmetics?(a) To enhance your beauty(b) Peer pressure(c) To imitate your favourite celebrity(d) To boost your confidence

6. When do you use cosmetics?

27

(a) Everyday(b) Sometimes(c) Rarely(d) Occasionally

7. What price range do you prefer?(a) Rs 500-1000(b) Rs 1000-1500(c) Rs 1500-2000(d) Rs 2000-2500

8. What factors affect your purchase? Assign 5 to your most preferred choice and 1 to your least preferred choice.

Factors PreferenceTrendPriceQualityQuantityBrand

9. Which type of herbal cosmetics will you prefer? Assign 4 to your most preferred choice and 1 to your least preferred choice. (rank it)(a) Kajal(b) Lip balm(c) Facial scrub(d) Lip gloss

10. Why do you use herbal cosmetics?(a) Safe to use(b) Compatible with all skin types(c) Fits your budget(d) Does not have side effects(e) Its natural

11. Which type of non-herbal cosmetics will you prefer? Assign 8 to your most preferred choice and 1 to your least preferred choice. (rank it)(a) Lipstick(b) Lip liner(c) Eye liner(d) Eye shadow(e) Foundation(f) Mascara(g) Blush-on

28

(h) Nail paint

12. Which mode of shopping do you prefer? Tick one(a) Brand outlets(b) Online(c) Departmental stores(d) Malls(e) Others

29

2. Coding Sheet

30

3. Tally Sheet

31

4. Statistical Analysis

32