Report Last Sarah[1]

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INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

ATGD EXPRESS SDN BHD,

PETALING JAYA, SELANGOR

BY

SITI SARAH BT JANURI

(2003330728)

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

AT

GD EXPRESS SDN BHD,

NO 19, JALAN TANDANG,

40450 PETALING JAYA,

SELANGOR DARUL EHSAN

BY

SITI SARAH BT JANURI

(2003330728)

REPORT

SUB!ITTED

TO

"A#ULTY O" IN"OR!ATION TE#HNOLOGY

AND $UANTITATI%E S#IEN#ES

UNI%ERSITI TE&NOLOGI !ARA

SHAH ALA!

AS PART O" RE$UIRE!ENT

19



"OR

BA#HELOR O" S#IEN#E (HONS) (STATISTI#S)

29' NO%E!BER 2005

Supervisor’s Approval :

---------------------------------------------------------------

Puan Ida Rosmini bt. Othman

Facult o! In!ormation "echnolo# and $uantitative Sciences

%niversiti "e&nolo#i 'ara

Shah AlamSelan#or (arul )hsan

*+



A#&NOLEDGE!ENT

Praise to Allah, the 'ost racious and the 'ost 'erci!ul ord !or /is 0lessin#.

I ish to e2press m #ratitude to m supervisors Puan 'a3ni bt. 'ohamad

and Puan Ida Rosmini bt. Othman, !or their #uidance, endurin# patience and

encoura#ement durin# the completion o! this report. I also ish to than& the

coordinator o! industrial trainin#, )nci& 'ohd 4ain b. /am3ah.

I ould li&e to e2tend m appreciation to the 0oard o! (irector o! (

)2press Sdn 0hd, 'r. eon# "ec& ean !or #ivin# me the opportunit to do

industrial trainin# at ( )2press Sdn 0hd.

'an than&s to the /ead o! (omestic Public Relation (epartment o! (

)2press Sdn 0hd, Puan 4aihani3ah bt 0orhan and /ead o! /uman Resource, 'iss

'ala a5p 6upusam as m or#ani3ation’s supervisor !or their #uidance and help. '

#ratitude is also !or all sta!! o! ( )2press Sdn 0hd, ho has helped and supported

me durin# this trainin#. Also, to (e2 or#ani3ations supported this stud. All are

than&ed !or their on#oin# support throu#hout the man vicissitudes o! this comple2

and challen#in# process. "he time and e!!ort sta!! too& in completin# the

7uestionnaire made this stud possible.

ast, a heart!elt than& ou to m parents and !riends !or their constant

patience, #uidance and support.

21*' NO%E!BER, 2005 SITI SARAH BT JANURI

*1



ABSTRA#T

"he purpose o! the stud is to identi! the !actors contribute to satis!action o!

or&ers at ( )2press Sdn 0hd and to loo& at the relationship beteen level o!

satis!action o! or&ers and their per!ormance. Or#ani3ational theorists have shon

that or#ani3ational e!!ectiveness is closel associated ith ho human resource and

their !unctions are or#ani3ed. )!!ectivel mana#ed emploees are e2pected to

demonstrate hi#her levels o! commitment toard the or#ani3ation and hi#her levels

o! 8ob satis!action. A surve o! 19+ o!!icer level and e2ecutive levels o! ()2

or&ers as conducted usin# 7uestionnaire. "he methods o! analsis used in this

stud ere test o! normalit, test o! association- chi- s7uare analsis, comparison

mean, re#ression analsis and !actor analsis. "he !indin#s sho that, on the hole,

o!!icer reported a hi#her level o! satis!action compared to e2ecutive level. In

addition, or&ers satis!action shoed no relationship beteen per!ormances. Four

predictor variables are emploer, department, !acilities and needs ere selected to

test on level o! satis!action. "he results shoed there is si#ni!icant linear

relationship beteen emploer and department ith level o! satis!action. hile,

there is no linear relationship beteen !acilities and needs ith level o! satis!action.

"he stud revealed that the level o! satis!action and emploer have the hi#hest

positive correlation

**



TABLE O" #ONTENTS

#ONTENT PAGE

A#&NOLEDGE!ENT i

ABSTRA#T ii

TABLE O" #ONTENTS iii

LIST O" TABLES v

LIST O" "IGURES vi

#HAPTER ONE + INTRODU#TION

1.1 0ac&#round o! Industrial "rainin# 1

1.* Ob8ectives o! Industrial "rainin# 1

1. 0ac&#round o! the ;ompan 1

1.< Philosoph o! the ;ompan =

1.= 'ission o! the ;ompan >

1.> ?ision o! the ;ompan >

1.@ $ualit Polic o! the ;ompan >1. Or#ani3ation ;hart o! the ;ompan @

#HAPTER TO + BA#&GROUND

*.1 A Stud on evel o! Satis!action amon# or&ers at (

)2press Sdn 0hd

*.* 0ac&#round o! the Stud

*. Problem Statement 1+

*.< Ob8ectives o! the Stud 1+

*.= Si#ni!icance o! the Stud 11*.> iterature Revie 11

#HAPTER THREE + !ETHODOLOGY

.1 Scope o! the Stud 1>

.* 'ethod o! (ata ;ollection 1>

. 'ethods o! (ata Analsis 1@

#HAPTER "OUR + ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

<.1 (escriptive Analsis 19<.* "est o! Bormalit *1

*



<. "est o! Association- ;hi- S7uare Analsis *<

<.< ;omparisons 'ean *=<.= Re#ression Analsis *>

#HAPTER "I%E + #ON#LUSIONS AND RE#O!!ENDATIONS

=.1 ;onclusions <

=.* Recommendations =

RE"EREN#ES

APPENDIX

*<



LIST O" TABLES

TABLE PAGE

<.*.1 "est o! Bormalit*

<..1 "est o! Association- ;hi- S7uare Analsis*<

<.<.1 Analsis o! ?ariance*>

<.=.1.1 ;orrelation Analsis *@

<.=.*.1 "est o! 'ulticollinearit *<.=..1 (ata *9

<.=..1.1 "est si#ni!icant !or )ach Predictor ?ariable +

LIST O" "IGURES

*=



"IGURE PAGE

<.1.1 Percenta#e o! ender 19

<.1.* Percenta#e o! Race accordin# ender *+

<.1. Percenta#e o! Race amon# Position evel *1

<.*.1 "est o! Bormalit **

<.<.1 Independent Sample t- test *=

<.=...1 "he Residual ?ersus "he Predicted ?alue

<.=...* "he $-$ Plot

*>



#HAPTER ONE

INTRODU#TION

11 BA#&GROUND O" INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

All !inal ear students o! 0achelor o! Science C/onsD CStatisticsD, Facult o!

In!ormation "echnolo# and $uantitative Sciences, %niversiti "e&nolo#i 'ara, Shah

Alam are re7uired to do industrial trainin#. "his is to e2pose the students to or&in#

li!e here the can appl the theories that the learn at the universit. All students

must #ive commitment to the duties that are assi#ned to them durin# the trainin#.

12 OBJE#TI%ES O" INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

"he ob8ectives o! industrial trainin# are:

C1D "o practice the theor that has been studied at the universit b solvin# the

research problem and anal3in# the real data.

C*D "o e2pose students to the ne development in research and data analsis.

CD "o #et or&in# e2perience !or enhancin# &noled#e in man aspects.

13 BA#&GROUND O" THE DEPART!ENT

*@



( )2press Sdn 0hd C(e2D as !ormed in 199@ to provide e2press deliver

service !or both the domestic and international mar&ets. It operates a netor& o! @

stations, comprisin# > branches, > a!!iliate stations and 1 a#ents throu#hout )ast

and est 'alasia. (e2 has a !leet o! more than 1@+ truc&s and vans used

primaril !or haulin# o! documents and parcels beteen stations and the Bational

/ub Ctermed Eline-haulE !leetD !or local pic&-ups and deliveries. "he compans

e2press deliver service operations are structured alon# the principles o! the E/ub

and Spo&eE concept hereb customers pac&a#es are collected b the branches, sent

b truc&s to a ;entral ;learin# /ub !or sortin# and then redirected to their ultimate

destinations.

(e2 is the !irst local e2press deliver compan to obtain ISO 9++1: *+++

C$ualit 'ana#ement SstemD certi!ications !or all its entire 1 departments in *++.

In its 7uest to be a orld class service provider, the compan has embar&ed on a

orld class e2cellence trainin# pro#ramme called the Prime 'inister $ualit Aard

pro#ramme CP'$AD to e7uip its emploees !or orld class per!ormance in e2press

carrier service and operations.

(e2 is listed on the 'esda7 mar&et o! 0ursa 'alasia throu#h its holdin#

compan ( )2press ;arrier 0hd in 'a *++=. Internationall, ()2 had strate#ic

alliances ith international courier companies such as Fed)2, (/ orldide

)2press, "B" )2press and %nited Parcel Service. 0eside that, ( )2press is also

strate#ic partner o! Fed)2 in 'alasia. In other ord, ()2 ill cover all the area

that cannot be covered b their partners.

()2 courier services includeG

1. (omestic )2press ;arrier Service

*



a. )2press Service

b. (iplomatic Service 0ul& Service

*. International )2press ;arrier Service

a. )2press Service

b. Frei#ht Services

. ;ustomi3ed o#istics Solutions Services

a. Securit /andlin#

b. 'ailroom /andlin#

c. Pro8ect /andlin#

<. ;ustomer Service

a. ;all center at /$ !or pic& up and help des&.

b. ;ustomer service sta!! at ever branch.

c. "rac&in# and tracin# Service.

d. %ni7ue re!erence number !or each call.

e. Online trac&in#

"he success o! ()2 ill depend on three &e competencies - sstems,

7ualit and culture. ()2 is the compan that driven b their sstems. "he 7ualit

processes ill ensure that services provided are reliable, timel and meet the needs

o! customers. "he culture ill emphasi3es #ood corporate #overnance, per!ormance

orientation and a desire !or continues improvement. "he combination o! these three

competencies ill enable ()2 to become the premier e2press carrier in 'alasia.

*9



ithin 'alasia, ()2 have an e2tensive netor& o! stations spread across

the countr to provide service to our customers. On the international !ront, ()2

or& ith established !orei#n e2press carriers to o!!er e2press deliver services to

over *1* countries orldide. ()2 also tr to increase e!!icienc in their

operation. "o ma&e this thin# happen ()2 alread up#rade their in!rastructure and

securit. 0 up#radin# in!rastructure securit, its ma&e ()2 become stren#th in

the mar&et. ()2 netor& !acilities include the !olloin#:

o A *=,+++ s7 !eet central all-eather clearin# hub

o ;omprehensive securit surveillance sstem

o 'ore than 1>+ deliver vans and truc&s

o Over >= stations

o State-o!-the-art I" sstem ith proprietar so!tare

o A 1+,+++ s7 !eet pac&a#in# and arehouse comple2

o ;ustomi3ed stora#e and bul&-handlin# e7uipment

o 'ore than ++ sta!!

14 PHILOSOPHY O" THE #O!PANY

+



Fi#ure 1.1: 'ana#ement Philosoph

( )2press mana#ement philosoph starts ith people - ourselves, and ends

ith people - our customers. Our core values revolve around people, emphasi3in# on

respectin#, developin# and carin# !or our sta!! and netor& members.

;orrespondin#l, our people are e2pected to be pro-active, pro!essional, honest,

improvement see&in#, thin& more and do more. e believe that onl people ith

such 7ualities can per!orm ith inte#rit to deliver a secured and reliable e2press

carrier service. e are committed to !ul!illin# the mana#ement principles laid don

hen e revie, modi! or reconstruct our or#ani3ation structure, operatin# sstems,

administrative !unctions, !inancial mana#ement, internal controls and mar&etin#

strate#ies. e ensure ever action in the compan has to be ob8ective oriented and

accountable, hile ever member is remunerated accordin# to per!ormance.

15 !ISSION O" THE #O!PANY

1



(e2 has the mission to deliver the most trusted and pro!essional e2press

carrier service 'alasia.

1.> %ISION O" THE #O! PANY

"he vision o! the compan is to be a mar&et leader and industr role model

providin# hi#h 7ualit, value !or mone, technolo# driven e2press deliver service.

1.@ $UALITY POLI#Y O" THE #O!PANY

"he 7ualit polic o! the compan is:

G ear toards continual improvement

Deliver on time

E 2tra e!!ort to ensure customer satis!action

#HAPTER TO

*



BA#&GROUND

21 A STUDY ON LE%EL O" SATIS"A#TION A!ONG OR&ERS AT

GD EXPRESS SDN BHD

22 BA#&GROUND O" THE STUDY

Since )lton 'ao studied the or& habits o! the emploees at the /athorne

estern )lectric Plant in the 19*+s CPu#h, 199+D and discovered that the perceptions

the emploees had about ho the ere treated b mana#ement had some e!!ect on

their or& habits and production, there has been considerable research on 8ob

satis!action. 0 19=, over <@++ articles had been ritten on some aspect o! 8ob

satis!action CSpector, 19=D. Schult3 C19*D de!ined 8ob satis!action as Hthe

pscholo#ical disposition o! people toard their or& - and this involves a collection

o! numerous attitudes or !eelin#s Cp.*@D. "hus, 8ob satis!action or dissatis!action

depends on a lar#e number o! !actors ran#in# !rom here emploees have to eat their

lunch to the sense o! sel! !ul!illment the ma receive !rom doin# their 8obs.

/er3ber# C19@D !ound that H8ob attitudes are a poer!ul !orce and are !unctionall

related to the productivit, stabilit, and ad8ustment o! the industrial or&in# !orce

Cp. 9>D. Also, Hthe positive e!!ects o! hi#h attitudes are more potent than the ne#ative

e!!ects o! lo attitudes C/er3ber#, 19@, p. 9>D. "hus, a e2planation o! the !actors

that produce a positive attitude about or& is important to the improvement o! 8ob

per!ormance.



h is there so much research on 8ob satis!actionJ One supposition is that

there is a positive correlation beteen 8ob satis!action and productivit. /oever, the

evidence in support o! such a relationship is not conclusive. Smith, 6endall, K /ulin

C19>9D !ound no correlation beteen 8ob satis!action and per!ormance. runeber#

C19@9D stated that productivit had a stron#er positive in!luence on 8ob satis!action

than 8ob satis!action had on productivit. 0arbash C19@9D stated that the relationship

beteen 8ob satis!action and per!ormance-related behavior has et to be si#ni!icantl

proven.

hen or&ers dissatis!action is so hi#h and increasin#, ho can ou avoid

itJ Or, i! ou are or&in# and !eel dissatis!ied, ho to !ace itJ First, it is important to

&no that, there are di!!erent &inds o! 8ob satis!action. "he surve ta&en is 8ust to

describe overall investi#ation o! 8ob satis!action. "his is hen a person considers the

hole 8ob and everthin# about it. Overall 8ob satis!action is actuall a combination

o! intrinsic and e2trinsic 8ob satis!actions. Intrinsic 8ob satis!action is hen or&ers

consider onl the &ind o! or& the do, the tas&s that ma&e up the 8ob. )2trinsic 8ob

satis!action is hen or&ers consider the conditions o! or&, such as their pament,

co-or&ers, and supervisors.

"he stren#th o! a compan loo&ed b the or&ers. "he or&ers ho #ive a

#ood per!ormance such as responsibilities, commitment and e!!icienc ill increase

the 7ualit o! or&. )!!ective emploees mana#ement are e2pected to demonstrate

hi#her levels o! commitment toard the or#ani3ation and hi#her levels o! 8ob

satis!action. E)mploees are most productive hen the !eel their contributions are

valued and their !eedbac& is elcomed b mana#ement, said 'a2 'essmer,

chairman o! Accountemps and author o! 'otivatin# )mploees For (ummiesL

<



CMohn ile K Sons, Inc.D. E"he reverse is also true - an unsupportive atmosphere

can lead to reduce per!ormance levels and hi#her turnover !or businesses.E

"his investi#ation is used to measure the satis!action level o! (e2 or&ers.

From this stud, e could see the per!ormance o! or&ers and the !actors that

contributin# o! or&er’s satis!action

23 PROBLE! STATE!ENT

"his stud is ta&en to loo& at the !actors that contribute to or&ers loalt

and satis!action to the or#ani3ation. "he data used !or this stud as obtained !rom

7uestionnaire distributed amon# or&ers. "his stud involved the e2ecutives and

o!!icers at ( )2press Sdn 0hd at Petalin# Maa head7uarter onl.

24 OBJE#TI%ES O" THE STUDY

"he ob8ectives o! the stud are:

1. "o !ind the relationship beteen level o! satis!action and the per!ormance.

*. "o determine hether there are an association beteen level o! satis!action

and the demo#raphic !actors, such asG #ender, salar, position level and race.

. "o compare the mean satis!action score beteen demo#raphic !actors, such

asG #ender, salar, position level and race.

<. "o identi! the !actors that a!!ect o! or&er satis!action.

=





the !ish-trimmin# tas&. "he positive correlation coe!!icient C+.@D !or this condition

as !ound to be hi#hl si#ni!icant. "his has an important implication !or settin# a

strate# !or achievin# hi#her or&er satis!action and productivit in such an

industr. Production standards ith !eedbac& #enerall improved or&er satis!action

and productivit. 'onetar incentive !urther improved or&er per!ormance but

added no incremental satis!action #ain. "he incorporation o! production standards,

per!ormance !eedbac& and monetar incentive a!!ected or&er satis!action and

productivit di!!erentl and this had an e!!ect on the or&er satis!action-productivit

relationship. In an earlier laborator stud, no si#ni!icant or&er satis!action-

productivit relationship as !ound hen sub8ects Ccolle#e studentsD ere provided

ith similar e2perimental conditions.

"he other stud b Ibrahim Ali and Muhar /a8i Ali on "he )!!ects O! "he

Interaction O! "echnolo#, Structure, And Or#ani3ational ;limate On Mob

Satis!action in Suna Academic Mournal *, *N* C*++=D. "his stud e2amines the

e!!ects o! the interaction o! technolo#, structure, and or#ani3ational climate on 8ob

satis!action in poer-#eneration plants. ;orrelation tests and series o! hierarchical

re#ression analses ere per!ormed. "he stud reveals several si#ni!icant

correlations amon# these three or#ani3ational variables and ith emploee 8ob

satis!action.

or&er Satis!action at Academic Institution is a stud b Rita Mohan C*++*D

at Atma Maa ;taholic %niversit, Ma&arta, Indonesia. "he ob8ective o! this stud is to

&no the level o! satis!action on teachers in Indonesia. "he stud !ound that 8ob

satis!action is an important !actor !or #et the optimum 8ob. 0esides that, !actors

@



in!luence the 8ob satis!action divided b to hich is intrinsic !actor and e2trinsic

!actor.

H"he Relationship beteen Perceived eadership 0ehaviours and Mob

Satis!action o! %nder#raduate "rained "eachers under the "inin# Pro#ram beteen

'PI6 and %PSI is a research b (r. Ma#anathan A5 'arimuthu, Isha& bin Osman

and Boorul Aini bt. Abdul Rahman C*++1D. "he ob8ective o! the stud is to &no the

relationship o! teacher e2pectation about leadership behavior and 8ob satis!action.

"he sample is >+ teachers doin# a course Pro#ram 6has Pensisa3ahan uru

'a&tab Per#uruan Ilmu 6has N %niversiti Pendidi&an Sultan Idris. "he stud !ound

that have positive relationship beteen 8ob satis!action and e2pectation o! leadership

behaviours. 0esides that, teachers satis!ied ith headmaster that have reali3e success,

poer and responsibilities, creativit, social, better position opportunit, bene!its,

or&in# conditions and overall 8ob satis!action.

Sarimah C*+++D on the stud 8ob satis!action at 'a&tab Pen#urusan

"emen##on# Ibrahim C'P"ID, Mohor 0aharu. "he purpose o! this stud is to loo&

overall level o! satis!action amon# lecturers. < lecturers is a sample in this stud.

"he result is onl 1 respondent not satis!ied, *> neutral and *1 respondent satis!ied

ith their 8ob. Also, the stud !ound that there is ea& relationship beteen 8ob

satis!action ith #ender and ears o! service.

"he stud b eor#ia Pro!esional Standards ;ommision, Atlanta, Ameri&a

Sari&at C19=D to &no perception about the headmaster !unction and leadership to

e2ecute the school activities !ound more + percent not satis!ied on communication

beteen teachers and headmaster. "his stud shos the teachers hoped the

headmaster #ive the #ood communication.



'uchins& C19@9D !ound that 8ob satis!action and or#ani3ational climate ere

correlated.

orton and 6alaman C19=D !ound in their national surve o! <++ elementar

school assistant principals that over =+ o! the respondents did not vie their

current 8obs as career positions and hoped ithin !ive ears to become principals.

"ent-nine percent anted to become central o!!ice administrators. "hese studies

su##est that opportunit !or advancement is important to assistant principals. "hus, it

is reasonable to assume that ho an assistant principal vies the opportunit !or

advancement a!!ects that person’s 8ob satis!action. "here!ore, a positive, linear

relationship beteen opportunit !or advancement and 8ob satis!action as e2pected.

/er3ber#, 'ausner, and Snderman C19=9D stated that the relationship

beteen or&ers and supervisors is overrated as a variable a!!ectin# 8ob satis!action.

'orris Altman C%niversit o! Sas&atcheanD on Mob Satis!action and

per!ormance: Is a /app or&er a Productive or&erJ For decades, researchers have

been concerned ith the 8ob satis!action-8ob per!ormance relationship Cthe implicit

assumption #uidin# this research has been that a happ or&er is a productive

or&erD. )ven illiam Sha&espeare rote: E"o business that e love e ea#erl

arise, and #o to ith deli#ht.E Per!ormance related outcomes o! 8ob satis!action have

been studied over the ears:

• per!ormance measures Cratin#s, 7uantit measuresD

Mob Satis!action and Per!ormance

1. ;orrelational analses: Incontrovertible evidence that satis!action and

per!ormance are ea&l related Recent meta-analsis b 'uchins& K Ia!!aldano

C19=D !ound corrected r .1@

9



*. ;ausal analsis su##ests that per!ormance is more li&el to cause satis!action

than vice versa Ca productive or&er is a happ or&erD

. It should be noted that some moderators o! the 8ob satis!action N 8ob

per!ormance relationship have been !ound. Speci!icall, the stren#th o! the

correlation beteen satis!action and per!ormance depends on per!ormance-reard

contin#encies: hi#her correlations have been !ound hen reards are stron#l tied to

per!ormance.

<+



#HAPTER THREE

!ETHODOLOGY

31 S#OPE O" THE STUDY

"he surve as done at ( )2press Sdn 0hd hich involved onl /$ CPMD.

"he ere #rouped into to cate#ories hich ere )1- )* as the e2ecutives and A1-

A as the o!!icers. "he S1- S* as the mana#ement o!!icers and as not included in

the surve because both cate#ories ere provided b the mana#ement.

32 !ETHOD O" DATA #OLLE#TION

S-./ - D'

$uestionnaire as used to collect in!ormation on this stud. "he

7uestionnaire consists o! !our sections hich ere (emo#raphic Respondent, evel

o! Satis!action, 'ana#ement 'ethod and Facilities.

S6

"he population o! this stud as the or&ers o! ( )2press Sdn 0hd at Malan

"andan#, Petalin# Maa. About 19+ respondents !rom e2ecutive level C)1- )D and

o!!icer level CA1- AD have been chosen !rom this population b simple random

samplin#.

<1



;alculation number o! sample usin# estimation o! proportion:

"otal population, B <>+

Proportion CpD +.@ Standard error, d +.+=

Alpha CQD +.+=, here nsample

n C41-Q5*D* pC1-pD ad8usted n n’ n

d* 1 n

C1.9>D * +.@C+.D B

C+.+=D * *

* 1.@+*

19+

33 !ETHODS O" DATA ANALYSIS

"he methods o! data analsis used in this stud ere:

1. "est o! normalit

"he purpose is to chec& hether a variable is normall distributed. "his is

because all parametric tests re7uire the variables anal3ed to be normall

distributed.

*. "est o! Association ;hi- s7uare analsis

"o determine hether there is an association beteen to cate#orical

variables in a contin#enc table Ccross tabulationD.

<*



. ;omparison 'ean

Independent sample t- test is to compare the means o! a variable beteen to

independent #roups and Analsis o! ?ariance CABO?AD is to compare the

means o! three or more #roups.

<. Re#ression Analsis

- ;orrelation analsis

- "o measure o! the de#ree to hich to variables are linearl

associated. "he coe!!icient ran#es !rom -1 to 1, here a value

close to 3ero is no correlation, a value T+.= or U-+.= is ea& or

lo correlation, beteen V+.= and V+.@ is moderate correlation

and hi#her than +.@ or loer than -+.@ is hi#h or stron# correlation.

- "est o! 'ulticollinearit

- "o chec& correlation amon# predictor variables.

- Re#ression model

- A multiple re#ression model is used to predict one dependent

variable CWD !rom to or more independent variables CX1, X*Y

X pD

- ;oe!!icient o! 'ultiple Re#ression

- "o &no ho man percenta#e o! total variation in the dependent

variable is e2plained b the predictor variables.

- (ia#nostic "est Residual

- "o determine the appropriateness o! the model.

<



#HAPTER "OUR

ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

41 DES#RIPTI%E ANALYSIS

"./ 411 P/' - G:/

"he chart above shos that =* o! the respondents are !emale hile < are male.

<<



"./ 412 P/' - R -/: G:/

"he result shos that most or&ers at ( )2press Sdn 0hd are 'alas ith >=.**

o! them are male and <.9 are !emale.

<=



"./ 413 P/' - R - P-*'- L;6

"he chart above shos that most e2ecutives at ( )2press Sdn 0hd are ;hinese

ith 9.9 and most o!!icers at ( )2press is 'ala ith >*.<*. CRe!er to

Appendi2 1D.

42 TEST O" NOR!ALITY

"he !irst step in the analsis as to per!orm the test o! normalit. "his as to

chec& hether the distribution o! the data as normall distributed or not.

I! the si3e o! the data as more than +, e used 6olmo#orov-Smirnov to

test the normalit, but i! the si3e o! the sample as less than or e7ual to +, Shapiro-

il& as used.

<>



"./ 421+ T*' - N-/6'<

Normal Q-Q Plot of M_SAT

Observed Value

5.04.54.03.53.02.52.0.5

! " # e $ t e d N o r m a l V a l u e

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

Normal Q-Q Plot of M_%!PT

Observed Value

&54320

! " # e $ t e d N o r m

a l V a l u e

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

.5

Normal Q-Q Plot of M_N!!%

Observed Value

&5432


&

5

4

3

2

Normal Q-Q Plot of M_!MP'()

Observed Value

&54320


&

5

4

3

2

Normal Q-Q Plot of M_*A+,'

Observed Value

&54320

! " # e $ t e d N o r m a l V

a l u e

&

5

4

3

2

<@



T=6 421+ T*' - N-/6'<

?ariable 6olmo#orov- Smirnov 4 p-value

evel o! satis!action 1.1@@ +.1*=

)mploer 1.1< +.1<

(epartment 1.=9= +.+1*

Facilities 1.+<1 +.**

Beeds 1.1* +.+><

"he charts and table shos that the distribution o! all variables is

appro2imatel normal e2cept data !or (epartment.

43 TEST O" ASSO#IATION> #HI> S$UARE TEST

<



"o determine hether there is an association beteen level o!

satis!action and per!ormances and demo#raphic bac&#rounds.

T=6 431+ T*' - A**-'-> #> S?./ T*'

%ARIABLE P>%ALUE

evel o! satis!action Z per!ormance +.<9

evel o! satis!action Z #ender +.++=

evel o! satis!action Z position +.+++

evel o! satis!action Z ears o! service +.++1

evel o! satis!action Z monthl salar +.+++

evel o! satis!action Z race +.++1

0ased on the "able <..1 above, e can conclude that:

1. "here is no relationship beteen level o! satis!action and per!ormance.

*. "here is a relationship beteen level o! satis!action and #ender, position,

ears o! service, monthl salar and race.

44 #O!PARISON !EAN

<9





?ariable F- test p- value

evel o! satis!actionZears o! service *.>*9 +.+>

evel o! satis!actionZmonthl salar 1.@ +.+++evel o! satis!actionZrace +.9> +.<*<

"he table above shos there is evidence to conclude that the mean

satis!action is di!!erent !or !ive cate#ories o! ears o! service and !or three cate#ories

o! monthl salar as at = level o! si#ni!icance. CP-valueT+.+=D.

"hen, (uncan test as to determine hich pairs di!!erent. "he results

indicate on the avera#e, those ith R'*++1- R'+++ monthl salar had moderate

satis!action hile less than R'*+++ monthl salar had hi#hest satis!action.

"he table above also shos there is no evidence to conclude at the = level

o! si#ni!icance that the mean satis!action score is di!!erent !or the !our cate#ories o!

race, Cp-valueU+.+=D.

45 REGRESSION ANALYSIS

"he re#ression analsis as per!ormed in order to investi#ate the !actors that

contribute to the level o! satis!action o! or&ers at ( )2press Sdn 0hd. "he

considerable !actors are emploer, department, !acilities and needs. A random

sample o! 19+ or&ers as selected in order to conduct the re#ression analsis.

"he stud consists o! !our 7uantitative predictor variables Cemploer,

department, !acilities and needsD. "he tests that e used ere correlation analsis,

test o! multicollinearit and test concernin# the re#ression coe!!icient.

451 #-//6'- A6<**

=1



"o measure o! the de#ree to hich to variables are linearl associated. It

measured b Pearson’s ;oe!!icient o! ;orrelation.

T=6 4511+ #-//6'- 6<**

0ased on the "able <.=.1.1 above, e can conclude that:

1. "here e2ists si#ni!icant moderate linear positive correlation beteen level o!

satis!action and mean emploer score.

*. "here e2ists si#ni!icant ea& linear positive correlation beteen level o!

satis!action and mean department score, level o! satis!action and mean

!acilities score and level o! satis!action and mean need score.

From the results, mean satis!action score and mean emploer score has the

hi#hest correlation hich is +.>19. "his means that the hi#her the mean emploer

score, the hi#her mean satis!action score and vice versa. In contrast, mean

%ARIABLE

PEARSON

#ORRELATION P>%ALUE

r level of satisfaction score*mean of

employer score

+.>19 +.+++


department score

+.<9= +.+++


facilities score

+.<<@ +.+++


need score

+.*> +.++1

=*



satis!action score and mean need score has the loest correlation hich is +.*>

even thou#h the correlation is still positive.

452 T*' - !.6'-66/'<

T=6 4521+ T*' - !.6'-66/'<

?ariable?ariance In!lation

Factor C?IFD"olerance C"OD

)mploer 1.>9 +.==

(epartment 1.>=> +.>+<

Facilities *.1< +.<>>

Beeds 1.+ +.9*<

"est o! 'ulticollinearit is to chec& correlation amon# predictor variables and it

is e2ists hen an o! these conditions e2ist:

1. ;orrelation matri2 o! predictor variables, ;orr CXi,X&D[+.

*. ?ariance In!lation Factor C?IFD [1+

. "olerance C"ODT+.1

Since all correlation matri2 o! predictor variables, ;orr CXi,X&DT+., ?ariance

In!lation Factor C?IFD T1+, "olerance C"ODU+.1, problem o! multicollinearit does

not e2ist in the re#ression model. e can sa that the predictor variables are not

hi#hl correlated amon# others.

=



453 R/**- !-:6

A multiple re#ression is to predict one 7uantitative dependent variable !rom

several independent variables. 'ultiple re#ression serves to !unctions. First, this

techni7ue ields an e7uation that predicts the dependent variable !rom the various

independent or predictor variables. Second, this techni7ue identi!ies those

independent variables that relate to the dependent variable, a!ter controllin# the other

variables.

T=6 4531+ D' (R/ '- A:@ )

"he data are simpl shon belo:

W evel o! Satis!action CmeanD

X1 evel o! Satis!action toards )mploer CmeanD

X* evel o! Satis!action toards (epartment CmeanD

X evel o! Satis!action toards Facilities CmeanD

X< evel o! Satis!action toards Beeds CmeanD

inear Re#ression 'odel

Wi\+ \12i1 \*2i* \2i \<2i<]i

here: Wi N value o! the response variable in the ith trial

\+, \12i1, \*2i*, \2i, \<2i<, - re#ression parameter

2i1,2i*,2i,2i<- a &non constant Cthe value o! the independent variable

in the ith trialD

=<



]i- random error ith mean )C]iD+ and variance ?C]iD^*.

Sample si3e, n 19+

4531 T*' #-/ ' R/**- #-'

"he estimated model:

<:*1

_

+=+.++:9.+1A*.+:1@.+@=A.1 X X X X Y +−++=

T=6 45311+ T*' S' "-/ E P/:'-/ %/=6

?ariable t-test p-value

)mploer >.@1+ +.+++

(epartment .<<+ +.++1

Facilities -+.@< +.<=

Beeds 1.<@9 +.1<1

0ased on the results, e can conclude that:

1. "here is si#ni!icant linear relationship beteen level o! satis!action and emploer

and department. Cp-valueT+.+=D.

*. "here is no si#ni!icant linear relationship beteen level o! satis!action and

!acilities and needs. Cp-valueU+.+=D.

Since !acilities and needs not si#ni!icant linear relationship to level o!

satis!action, the !inal estimated re#ression !unction:

*1

_

1@*.+:+9.+A@>.1 X X Y ++=,

here X1 emploer, X* department

"he estimate o! \1 is b1 +.+9

==



p-value +.+++T+.+=.

)'POW)R is a si#ni!icant predictor variable.

A or&er ho has hi#her satis!ied ith their emploer #et hi#her satis!action than

or&ers ho not satis!ied ith their emploer b +.+9 hen department as held

constant.

"he estimate o! \* is b* +.1@*

()PAR"')B" is a si#ni!icant predictor variable.

A or&er ho has hi#her satis!ied ith their department #ets hi#her satis!action than

or&ers ho not satis!ied ith their department b +.1@* hen emploer as held

constant.

4532 T #-' - !.6'6 R/**-

Fort three percent o! the total variation in the level o! satis!action has been

e2plained b emploer, department, !acilities and needs. 0ut !acilities and needs are

not si#ni!icant predictor variables, hence, onl <*.* has been e2plained b

emploer and department. Since, e do not include !acilities and needs, the

percenta#e as reduced. "hen, =@. o! total variation in satis!action is e2plained b

other !actors. CR * +.<**D. CRe!er to Appendi2 1+D

=>



4533 T D-*' T*' -/ R*:.6

"he dia#nostic test !or residual is to chec& the appropriateness o! the model.

e have to plot the residuals, ei a#ainst predicted value, ` to &no hether the error

term !ul!ill the assumptions. It is because the assumptions o! error term must be

proven to be valid be!ore re#ression analsis can be carried out. Assumptions o! error

term are independent, identicall normal distributed ith mean + and constant

variance, ^*.

"./ 45331 T R*:.6 %/*.* T P/:': %6.

1/sta/darded )esdual

.5.0.50.0-.5-.0

1 / s t a / d a r d . 2 e d

P r e d . $ t e d

V a l u e

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

=@



From the !i#ure, e can sa that the points in the scatter plot are randoml

scattered. "hen, e can conclude that the distribution o! the error CresidualsD has a

constant variance.

"./ 45332 T $>$ P6-'

Normal Q-Q Plot of 1/sta/darded )esdual

Observed Value

.5.0.50.0-.5-.0-.5

! " # e $ t e d

N o r m a l V a l u e

.5

.0

.5

0.0

-.5

-.0

-.5

Since the points lie strai#ht on the line, e said that the distribution o! error is

normal.

#HAPTER "I%E

#ON#LUSIONS AND RE#O!!ENDATIONS

51 #ON#LUSIONS

0ased on the analsis and results !rom the previous chapter, e can conclude that:

CiD All variables are normall distributed e2cept the variable department.

=



CiiD "here is no relationship beteen or&ers satis!action and per!ormance but

relationship do e2ist beteen or&ers satis!action ith #ender, position level,

ears o! service, monthl salar and race.

CiiiD "he comparison mean shos there is si#ni!icant di!!erence in mean o!

satis!action on #ender, position level, ears o! service and monthl salar. "he

results indicate that male is more satis!ied than !emale hile o!!icers are more

satis!ied compared than e2ecutive level. 0esides that, those ith R'*++1-

R'+++ monthl salar had moderate satis!action compared to less than

R'*+++ monthl salar had hi#hest satis!action.

CivD From the re#ression analsis conducted, e !ound that the important !actors to

determine the level o! satis!action are emploer and department. Facilities and

Beeds are not si#ni!icant predictor variables. )ven thou#h the stud shos that

)mploer and (epartment are the si#ni!icant predictor variables, the can onl

e2plain <*.* o! the total variation in level o! satis!action. =@. o! the total

variation in level o! satis!action mabe e2plained b other predictor variables

hich are not included in this stud.

"he !inal estimated re#ression model obtained is as belo:

*1

_

1@*.+:+9.+A@>.1 X X Y ++=

here_

Y level o! satis!action CmeanD

X1 level o! satis!action toards emploer

X* level o! satis!action toards department

=9



"he pairise correlation o! the variables mean satis!action and mean emploer

has the hi#hest positive correlation Cr +.>19D. "his means that the relationship

beteen these to variables is stron#. hile, the predictor variables are not

hi#hl correlated amon# others.

e conclude that the model is appropriate since the distribution o! error term is

normal and has a constant variance.

52 RE#O!!ENDATIONS

Since e have re#ression model, e can predict mean level o! satis!action

accordin# to emploer and department. In !uture, e ould be able to estimate

level o! satis!action !or each emploee based on mean score !or emploer and

department onl. /oever, onl <*.* e2plain o! the total variation in level o!

satis!action. "here!ore, e need to !ind the other variable contributin# to ensure

better re#ression model. "he e2amples o! the variables are bene!its, 8ob securit

and !air policies and procedures. Since research on the relationship beteen

level o! satis!action and per!ormance has been conducted, I ould li&e propose

a stud on the relationship beteen level o! satis!action and absenteeism and

turnover. "he reason o! this stud is to &no hether absenteeism and turnover

contributes on level o! satis!action o! or&ers. 0esides that, usin# strati!ied

samplin# on position level and then simple random samplin# to !ind

respondents and #et more accurate results.

>+



RE"EREN#ES

1. Beil M. Sal&ind, C*+++D, Exploring Research, 4th Ed , Prentice /all.

*. Ahmad 'ah3an Aob C*++*D, Kaedah Penyelidikan Sosioekonomi. 6uala umpur

(ean 0ahasa dan Pusta&a.

>1



. /er3ber#, F. C*++D, One 'ore "ime: /o (o Wou 'otivate )mploeesJ

Harvard

!siness Revie".

<. Ma#anathan, Isha& K Boorul Aini. C*++1D.#he relationship $et"een Perceived

%eadership $ehavio!rs and &o$ satisfaction of !ndergrad!ate trained teachers

'nder the t"inning program $et"een (P)K and 'PS) .

=. runeber#, ). C19@9D, 'nderstanding o$ Satisfaction. Be Wor&: Mohn ile and

Sons.

>. Rasimah A. C*++<D, + ,!ide to -ata (anagement and +nalysis, %niversiti

"e&nolo#i 'ara

@. Ibrahim Ali , Muhar /a8i Ali, "he )!!ects O! "he Interaction O! "echnolo#,

Structure, And Or#ani3ational ;limate on Mob Satis!action, S!n"ay +cademic

o!rnal ./ .010. 2.335

. Mohn 0. C*++D, St!dy looks at "ays of achieving "orker satisfaction "!th

aco!stical conditions Thttp:.nrc-cnrc.#c.ca.U Accessed on Bov 1, *++=.

9. Smith C*++<D, -o happy employees make companies more prod!ctive6

http:.e2plore.rice.edu5e2plore5Bes U Accessed on Bov 1, *++=.

1+. ( )2press Sdn 0hd C*++=D Thttp:.#de2press.comU Accessed on Oct *++=

APPENDICES

Appendix 1: Descriptive Analysis

>*

http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/

http://www.explore.rice.edu/explore/News

http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/

http://www.explore.rice.edu/explore/News



gender

2 4.4 4.4 4.4

5.& 5.& 00.0

0 00.0 00.0

Male

*emale

Total

Vald

*reue/$6 Per$e/t Vald Per$e/t+umulatve

Per$e/t

gender * Race: Crosstabulation

&0 4 2 & 2&5.27 5.27 3.07 &.57 00.07

4 3 2

4.07 .37 3.&7 2.07 00.07

0 3 43 0

5&.7 &.37 22.&7 4.27 00.07

+ou/t7 8t9/ :e/der

+ou/t

7 8t9/ :e/der

+ou/t

7 8t9/ :e/der

Male

*emale

:e/der

Total

Mala6 +9/ese ,/da/ Ot9ers

)a$e;

Total

Position at GDex * Race: Crosstabulation

0 3 3 33

30.37 3.47 2.27 .7 00.07

3& 5 5

&2.47 .57 22.7 3.27 00.07

0 3 43 0

5&.7 &.37 22.&7 4.27 00.07

+ou/t

7 8t9/ Posto/ at %e"

+ou/t


+ou/t


!- !3 <!"e$utve=

A- A3 <Off$er=

Posto/

at %e"

Total

Mala6 +9/ese ,/da/ Ot9ers

)a$e;

Total

Appendix 2: Test of Normality

>



One!a"#le $ol"ogoro%!"irno% &est

0 0 0 0 0

3.42 3.205 3.425 3.4 3.5&3

.533 .25&2 .&524 .005 .&4

.05 .03 .& .0& .05

.0&0 .03 .03 .0& .054

-.05 -.0 -.& -.0& -.05

. .4 .55 .04 .32

.25 .43 .02 .22 .0&4

N

Mea/

Std. %evato/

Normal Parameters a>b

Absolute

Postve

Ne:atve

Most !"treme

%ffere/$es

?olmo:orov-Smr/ov @

As6m#. S:. <2-taled=

M_SAT M_!MP'() M_%!PT M_*A+,' M_N!!%

Test dstrbuto/ s Normal.a.

+al$ulated from data.b.

Appendix 3: Test of Association C!i S"#are Analysis

C'i!(uare &ests

5.3&5a & .4

&.502 & .3&

3.0 .0

0

Pearso/ +9-Suare

'el9ood )ato

'/ear-b6-'/ear Asso$ato/

N of Vald +ases

Value df

As6m#. S:.

<2-sded=

5 $ells <4.7= 9ave e"#e$ted $ou/t less t9a/ 5. T9e

m/mum e"#e$ted $ou/t s .5.

a.

C'i!(uare &ests

0.43a

2 .0052.0 2 .002

.2 .002

0

Pearso/ +9-Suare'el9ood )ato

'/ear-b6-'/ear

Asso$ato/

N of Vald +ases

Value df

As6m#. S:.

<2-sded=



a.

><



C'i!(uare &ests

2&.235a 2 .000

2&.5 2 .000

.3 .000

0

Pearso/ +9-Suare

'el9ood )ato

'/ear-b6-'/ear

Asso$ato/

N of Vald +ases

Value df As6m#. S:.

<2-sded=


m/mum e"#e$ted $ou/t s .&.

a.

C'i!(uare &ests

2.2a .00

23.54 .003

.&02 .20&

0

Pearso/ +9-Suare

'el9ood )ato

'/ear-b6-'/ear

Asso$ato/

N of Vald +ases

Value df

As6m#. S:.

<2-sded=

$ells <4&.7= 9ave e"#e$ted $ou/t less t9a/ 5. T9e

m/mum e"#e$ted $ou/t s ..

a.

C'i!(uare &ests

&2.250a 4 .000

3.033 4 .000

.00 .000

0

Pearso/ +9-Suare

'el9ood )ato

'/ear-b6-'/ear

Asso$ato/

N of Vald +ases

Value df

As6m#. S:.

<2-sded=



a.

C'i!(uare &ests

23.a & .00

.52 & .003

.44 .22

0

Pearso/ +9-Suare

'el9ood )ato

'/ear-b6-'/ear

Asso$ato/

N of Vald +ases

Value df

As6m#. S:.

<2-sded=


m/mum e"#e$ted $ou/t s ..

a.

>=



Appendix $: Comparison %ean Independent Sample t test

Grou# !tatistics

2 3.&2 .4043 .0405

3.34 .5203 .052&

:e/der Male

*emale

M_SATN Mea/ Std. %evato/

Std. !rror Mea/

)nde#endent !a "#les &est

.023 . 3.3& .000 .2&& .02& .222 .4

3.4 .2& .000 .2&& .03 .2& .44&

!ual vara/$es

assumed

!ual vara/$es

/ot assumed

M_SAT

* S:.

'eve/eBs Test for !ualt6 of Vara/$es

t df S:. <2-taled=

Mea/

%ffere/$e

Std. !rror

%ffere/$e 'o8er 1##er

57 +o/fde/$e

,/terval of t9e

%ffere/$e

t-test for !ualt6 of Mea/s

Grou# !tatistics

33 3.2 .&25 .2033

5 3.55 .4&2 .03&

Posto/ at %e"!- !3 <!"e$utve=

A- A3 <Off$er=

M_SATN Mea/ Std. %evato/

Std. !rror

Mea/

)nde#endent !a"#le s &est

&.354 .03 -2.23 .02 -.22 .03 -.4032 -.0253

-.2& 3.22 .02 -.22 .25& -.4& .035

!ual vara/$es

assumed

!ual vara/$es

/ot assumed

M_SAT

* S:.

'eve/eBs Test for

!ualt6 of Vara/$es

t df S:. <2-taled=

Mea/

%ffere/$e

Std. !rror

%ffere/$e 'o8er 1##er

57 +o/fde/$e

,/terval of t9e

%ffere/$e

t-test for !ualt6 of Mea/s

Appendix &: Comparison %ean Analysis of 'ariance

>>



(evel of satisfaction)years of service

*+O,*

M_SAT

2.&4 4 .& 2.&2 .03&

4.25 5 .255

4.

Cet8ee/ rou#s

Dt9/ rou#s

Total

Sum of

Suares df Mea/ Suare * S:.

M-!*&

%u/$a/a>b

34 3.2&2&

5 3.25

33 3.42&

3.555

40 3.5&

.22

(ears of serv$es

3 6ears- 4 6ears

5 6ears a/d above

& mo/t9s a/d belo8

6ear- 2 6ears

mo/t9s- 6ear

S:.

N

Subsetfor al#9a

E .05

Mea/s for :rou#s / 9omo:e/eous subsets are ds#la6ed.

1ses Farmo/$ Mea/ Sam#le Se E &.05.a.T9e :rou# ses are u/eual. T9e 9armo/$ mea/

of t9e :rou# ses s used. T6#e , error levels are

/ot :uara/teed.

b.

(evel of satisfaction)mont!ly salary

+O,

M_SAT

.34 2 4.4 .3 .000

4.552 .222

4.

Cet8ee/ rou#s

Dt9/ rou#s

Total

Sum of Suares df Mea/ Suare * S:.

>@



M-!*&

%u/$a/a>b

3 2.0

&2 3.504&

5 3.550

.000 .0&

Mo/t9l6 salar6

)M200- )M3000

'ess t9a/ )M000

)M00- )M2000

S:.

N 2

Subset for al#9a E .05

Mea/s for :rou#s / 9omo:e/eous subsets are ds#la6ed.

1ses Farmo/$ Mea/ Sam#le Se E 2.45.a.

T9e :rou# ses are u/eual. T9e 9armo/$ mea/

of t9e :rou# ses s used. T6#e , error levels are

/ot :uara/teed.

b.

(evel of satisfaction)race

+O,

M_SAT

.42 3 .24 .3& .424

4.5 & .2&44.

Cet8ee/ rou#s

Dt9/ rou#sTotal

Sum of


A:@ + R/**- A6<**

A random sample o! or&ers is shon belo:

mean

satis!action

level

mean

emploer

mean

department

mean

!acilities

mean needs

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Appendix *: Correlation %atrix

Correlations

.&GG .45GG .44GG .23&GG

. .000 .000 .000 .00

0 0 0 0 0

.&GG .52GG .&&0GG .233GG

.000 . .000 .000 .00

0 0 0 0 0

.45GG .52GG .&05GG .3GG

.000 .000 . .000 .00

0 0 0 0 0

.44GG .&&0GG .&05GG .2&4GG

.000 .000 .000 . .000

0 0 0 0 0

.23&GG .233GG .3GG .2&4GG

.00 .00 .00 .000 .

0 0 0 0 0

Pearso/ +orrelato/

S:. <2-taled=

N

Pearso/ +orrelato/

S:. <2-taled=

N

Pearso/ +orrelato/

S:. <2-taled=

N

Pearso/ +orrelato/

S:. <2-taled=

N

Pearso/ +orrelato/

S:. <2-taled=

N

M_SAT

M_!MP'()

M_%!PT

M_*A+,'

M_N!!%

M_SAT M_!MP'() M_%!PT M_*A+,' M_N!!%

+orrelato/ s s:/f$a/t at t9e 0.0 level <2-taled=.GG.

Appendix +: Test of %#lticollinearity , T*' #-/ ' R/**-

#-'

@=



Coe..icientsa

.5 .3 0.5 .000

.3 .04 .50 &.0 .000 .535 .&

.2 .053 .24& 3.440 .00 .&04 .&5&

-.03 .052 -.0&0 -.43 .45 .4&& 2.4

.050 .034 .05 .4 .4 .24 .03

<+o/sta/t=

M_!MP'()

M_%!PT

M_*A+,'

M_N!!%

Model

C Std. !rror

1/sta/darded+oeff$e/ts

Ceta

Sta/darded+oeff$e/ts

t S:. Tolera/$e V,*

+oll/eart6 Statst$s

%e#e/de/t Varable; M_SATa.

Appendix -

*+O,*b

2.02 2 0.53& &.344 .000a

2.2 .54

4.

)e:resso/)esdual

Total

Model

Sum of


Pred$tors; <+o/sta/t=> M_%!PT> M_!MP'()a.

%e#e/de/t Varable; M_SATb.

Coeicientsa

.& .5 2.43 .000

.30 .04 .4& .5 .000

.2 .04 .233 3.55 .000

<+o/sta/t=

M_!MP'()

M_%!PT

Model

C Std. !rror

1/sta/darded

+oeff$e/ts

Ceta

Sta/darded

+oeff$e/ts

t S:.

%e#e/de/t Varable; M_SATa.

Appendix 1.

@>



Model !u""ar/b

.&5&a .430 .4 .32 .430 34. 4 5 .000

Model

) ) Suare

AdHusted

) Suare

Std. !rror of

t9e !stmate

) Suare

+9a/:e * +9a/:e df df2 S:. * +9a/:e

+9a/:e Statst$s

Pred$tors; <+o/sta/t=> M_N!!%> M_%!PT> M_!MP'()> M_*A+,'a.


Model !u""ar/b

.&50a .422 .4& .32&3 .422 &.344 2 .000

Model

) ) Suare

AdHusted

) Suare

Std. !rror of

t9e !stmate

) Suare

+9a/:e * +9a/:e df df2 S:. * +9a/:e

+9a/:e Statst$s

Pred$tors; <+o/sta/t=> M_%!PT> M_!MP'()a.


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