Reproductive Succes and Pollination System of Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) in Pakuwon, West Java

8/14/2019 Reproductive Succes and Pollination System of Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) in Pakuwon, West Java

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Reproductive success and pollination systemof physic nut (Jatropha curcasL.)

in Pakuwon, West Java

Endah Retno Palupi1, Ade Sukma Ahmad2 and Eni Randriani31Dept. Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University

2Alumni of Dept. Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University3Indonesian Centre for Estate Crops Research and Development


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Background

1.Accessions have been explored and collected

2.Productivity is low, therefore needs to be improved3.Mass selection increases productivity of the

improved-population (IP)


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1. Productivity of IP-1: 4-5 t/ha/yr (after fourth year)

2. Productivity of IP-2: 7-8 t/ha/yr (after fourth year)3. Productivity of IP-3: about 9-10 t/ha/yr (under

observation)

4. Long term breeding plan: introgression, i.e. cross-

pollination

Background


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Objectives

1. To investigate the reproductive success of the

accessions2. To study pollination system ofJatropha


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Material and methods

Study site

Jatropha Seed OrchardPakuwon, Sukabumi, West Java

MaterialsFour years old trees from four accessions i.e.Lampung, Banten, West Java and Central Java

Research periodApril - July 2007


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Reproductive success: the number of ovuleswhich develop into viable seeds (Wiens et al., 1987)

Observation on 20 trees each of the four accessions (OP):no. pistilate (female) flower/inflorescenceno. staminate (male) flower/inflorescenceno. fruit/inflorescenceno. ovule/pistil

no. seed/mature fruit

Data analysis: completely randomized design


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Male, female and hermaphroditic flowers


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OVULES


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Pollination system

1. SP-intra: self-pollinated with pollen from the same

inflorescence

2. SP-inter: self-pollinated with pollen from different

inflorescence of the same plant

3. CP-intra: cross-pollinated between plants within an

accession4. CP-inter: cross-pollinated between accessions (acc.

South Sulawesi was used as pollen donor)


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Controlled pollination


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Observations:

fruit set from self- and cross-pollination

index of self-incompatibilitygermination percentage

speed of germination

Data analysis: split-plot design



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Research Results

Accession Inflo/tree Stam. inflo (%) Female fl./inflo

Lampung 3.75b 14.10 5.21

Banten 5.02a 21.36 5.50

W Java 2.58c 15.09 3.70

C Java 3.26bc 17.14 5.02

Reproductive characters of the four accession

Note: Average of 20 trees/accession


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Research Results

Reproductive success of the four accessions

Accession Fl/Inf Ov/Fl Fr/Inf Sd/Fr Fr/Fl Sd/Ov RS

Lampung 4.93 3.01 3.80 2.36 0.77ab 0.78 0.61b

Banten 5.33 3.00 3.69 2.27 0.69b 0.76 0.53b

W Java 3.50 3.01 2.62 2.28 0.75b 0.76 0.59b

C Java 4.63 3.02 3.98 2.57 0.86a 0.85 0.73a

Note: Inf: inflorescence, Fl: flower, Ov: ovule, Fr: fruit, Sd: seed,RS: reproductive success


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Research Results

Index of self-incompatibility (ISI): ratio of fruit setfrom self-pollination to cross-pollination

ISI classification (Zapata and Arroyo, 1978):

1. ISI1 self-compatible

2. 0.2


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Pollination

Fruit set

(%)

Seed set

(%)

Fruit

abortion (%) ISI

SP-intra 75 54 26

0.98

partially self-incompatible

SP-inter 60 47 41

CP-intra 64 45 33

CP-inter 73 55 27

Average 68 50 32

Research Results

Fruit set and seed set from self- and cross-pollination


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Accession SP-intra SP-inter CP-intra CP-inter

Lampung 96.67a 82.22abcde 81.82abcde 69.84e

Banten 90.48ab 92.31ab 90.91ab 97.44a

W Java 72.22de 73.33cde 89.58abc 77.08bcde

C Java 95.83a 88.89abcd 85.97abcde 40.48f

Effect of accession and pollination systemon germination percentage

Research Results


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NORMAL AND ABNORMAL SEEDLINGS


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Research Results

Accession SP-intra SP-inter CP-intra CP-inter

Lampung 8.53ab 7.47bcd 7.42bcd 6.55cd

Banten 8.00abc

8.18ab

8.13ab

9.30a

W Java 6.60cd 6.39d 8.33ab 7.20bcd

C Java 8.34ab 7.99abc 8.24ab 3.53e

Effect of accession and pollination systemon speed of germination (%/day)


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Conclusion

1.The highest reproductive success was from WestJava of 0.73 and the lowest from Banten of

0.53.

2.Jatropha is partly self-incompatible with index ofself-incompatibility of 0.98

3.Pollen source did not affect fruit set and seed setbut seed germination and speed of germination


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Acknowledgement

Indonesian Centre for Estate CropsResearch and Development


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TERIMA KASIH


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Documents

Reproductive Succes and Pollination System of Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) in Pakuwon, West Java