REPUBLIC OF TURKEY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY IN NUMBERSIN NUMBERS

ALTUĞ BİLGİÇ

27 OCTOBER 2001

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

Founded on 29 October 1923 Governed by Republican Parliamentary

Democracy Capital is Ankara Neighbors are Greece, Bulgaria, Georgia,

Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, and Syria Total Land Area is 770,760 km2 (slightly smaller

that Texas and Louisiana combined)

BIG QUESTION

After 78 years from its foundation, where does Republic of Turkey stand?

We will look at Population Demographics Health Education Economy

POPULATION

0

10,000,000

20,000,000

30,000,000

40,000,000

50,000,000

60,000,000

70,000,000

1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Year

POPULATION GROWTH RATE

0.0%

0.5%

1.0%

1.5%

2.0%

2.5%

3.0%

3.5%

1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Year

POPULATION

Our population has been rising at an average 2% rate. U.S. population growth rate ~1% India’s population growth rate ~2.3%

So, how does population density change?

PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION LIVING IN URBAN AREAS

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Year

GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS

POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

Marmara Region25.7%

Aegean Region13.4%

Mediterranean Region12.8%

Central Anatolia Region16.8%

Black Sea Region12.5%

Eastern Anatolia Region8.9%

South-Eastern Anatolia Region9.7%

POPULATION COMPOSITION

When we are getting more crowded, what happens to balance between sexes?

NUMBER OF MEN PER 100 WOMEN

90

92

94

96

98

100

102

104

106

108

1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Year

NUMBER OF MEN PER 100 WOMENby age

75

80

85

90

95

100

105

110

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

AGE

POPULATION GENERATION

Population increase is mainly due to marriages. Do we have more weddings? What is happening to divorces?

MARRIAGES / DIVORCES

1,000

10,000

100,000

1,000,000

1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Year

Marriages

Divorces

DIVORCE RATE

Why?

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Year

HEALTH

Are we healthier? Do we have sufficient health personnel? Are we improving on these measures? Are we living longer? How about the children born?

POPULATION PER PHYSICIAN

3,038

2,825

2,572

1,652 1,6141,528 1,503 1,454

1,398 1,390 1,3701,280

1,1901,121 1,086 1,034 1,000

928 925 903 876 859

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1950 1960 1970 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

HEALTH PERSONNEL DISTRIBUTION1996 Numbers

1,235 1,524769

2,309

6291,316

713

7,362

19,531

4,672

17,496

3,891

8,970

3,194

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

MEDITERRANEAN EAST ANATOLIA AEGEAN SOUTH-EASTANATOLIA

CENTRALANATOLIA

BLACK SEA MARMARA

POPULATION PER DOCTOR

POPULATION PER DENTIST

LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH

44 43

5255

5861

6366 67 69

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1950-1955 1955-1960 1960-1965 1965-1970 1970-1975 1975-1980 1980-1985 1985-1990 1990-1995 1995-2000

INFANT MORTALITYper 1,000 births

235

206

185

158

140

111

83

65

5139

0

50

100

150

200

250

1950-1955 1955-1960 1960-1965 1965-1970 1970-1975 1975-1980 1980-1985 1985-1990 1990-1995 1995-2000

EDUCATION

We need to be better educated to improve Are we getting sufficient education? Do we all know how to read and write? Are we sending our children to school?

LITERACY RATE

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Year

Male

Female

EDUCATION LEVELMen – 1990 Numbers

Illeterate11.2%

Literate Without Diploma16.4%

Primary School49.1%

Junior High School9.6%

High School9.5%

Higher Education4.2%

EDUCATION LEVELWomen – 1990 Numbers

Illeterate28.0%

Literate Without Diploma15.6%

Primary School43.2%

Junior High School5.4%

High School6.0%

Higher Education1.8%

ACTUAL TO EXPECTED ENROLLMENT1996 Numbers

93%

74%

59%

23%

88%

54%

42%

15%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Primary School Junior High School High School Higher Education

Male

Female

NUMBER OF STUDENTS PER SCHOOL1998 Numbers

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

MEDITERRANEAN EAST ANATOLIA AEGEAN SOUTH-EASTANATOLIA

CENTRALANATOLIA

BLACK SEA MARMARA

PRIMARY EDUCATION

HIGH SCHOOL

VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOL

NUMBER OF STUDENTS PER TEACHER1998 Numbers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

MEDITERRANEAN EAST ANATOLIA AEGEAN SOUTH-EASTANATOLIA

CENTRALANATOLIA

BLACK SEA MARMARA

PRIMARY EDUCATION

HIGH SCHOOL

VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOL

GOVERNMENT

Republic of Turkey has seen 57 governments since 1923

The first constitution by the Turkish Grand National Assembly was written in 1921

Multi-Party regime started in 1945 A total of 193 parties have been founded since

1923 Only 16 of these were ever elected to government

GOVERNMENT

The average Government term was a mere 71 weeks (less than 1.5 years)

The longest office term was 210 weeks by Turgut Özal’s 1st Government between 1983-1987 was followed by Süleyman Demirel’s 1st Government

between 1965-1969

The shortest office term was 25 days by Tansu Çiller’s 2nd Government in 1995 Was followed by Bülend Ecevit’s 2nd Government in

1977 with 30 days

GOVERNMENT – Hall of Fame

Prime Minister

Number of Times Elected

Avg. Weeks in

OfficeIsmet Inonu 10 84.5Suleyman Demirel 7 78.4Adnan Menderes* 5 104.5Bulend Ecevit 5 57.7Mesut Yilmaz 3 39.2

* Five consequtive terms

ECONOMY

We had on average 75% inflation in last 15 years. No other country has been able to sustain a steady

inflation rate for this long. Are we doing better economically? Or are we getting poorer?

TL/$ EXCHANGE RATE(How much $1 is worth in TL)

1,000

10,000

100,000

1,000,000

10,000,00019

90Q

1

1991

Q1

1992

Q1

1993

Q1

1994

Q1

1995

Q1

1996

Q1

1997

Q1

1998

Q1

1999

Q1

2000

Q1

2001

Q1

GDP PER CAPITA

$0

$500

$1,000

$1,500

$2,000

$2,500

$3,000

$3,500

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

GDP COMPOSITION

Private Consumption

63.8%

Government Consumption

8.1%

Gross Fixed Capital Formation

23.9%

Net Exports4.2%

INCOME DISTRIBUTION

First %204.9%

Second %208.6%

Third %2012.6%

Fourth %2019.0%

Last %2054.9%

DISPOSABLE INCOME BY REGION

Marmara38.6%

Aegean13.9%

Mediterranean11.0%

Central Anatolia15.4%

Black Sea10.9%

Eastern Anatolia5.7%

South-Eastern Anatolia4.5%

INVESTMENTS

What does the economic future look like? Where do we invest? Where should we invest?

INVESTMENT COMPOSITIONPublic Sector

Agriculture8.5%

Energy12.5%

Transportation35.7%

Education11.4%

Others19.9%

Health3.6%

Mining1.6%

Manufacturing3.5%

Construction2.8%

Tourism0.5%

INVESTMENT COMPOSITIONPrivate Sector

Mining1.4%

Manufacturing20.2%

Energy2.4%

Transportation17.2%

Tourism4.8%

Construction41.5%

Health2.9%

Others4.4%

Agriculture3.7%

Education1.5%

STOCK MARKET

U.S. stock market has been volatile for a while, right?

Now see real volatility!

ISTANBUL STOCK EXCHANGE

-100%

0%

100%

200%

300%

400%

500%

600%

700%

800%

900%

1000%

1100%

1200%

1300%

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Rat

e of

Ret

urn

Turkey National 100

S&P 500

Dow Jones

NASDAQ

78 YEARS LATER

We are more crowded We are better educated We are wealthier We have a stronger economy

Can we do better?

THANK YOU

Sources State Institute of Statistics State Department of Treasury State Planning Institute Central Bank of Turkey Istanbul Stock Exchange Turkish Grand National Assembly