Republic To Empire

Punic WarsPunic Wars Rome vs CarthageRome vs Carthage

Early Phoenician ColonyEarly Phoenician Colony

Punic WarsPunic Wars Rome vs CarthageRome vs CarthageEarly Phoenician ColonyEarly Phoenician Colony

• Rome fought for Empire (Imperialism)

Punic Wars Rome vs CarthageEarly Phoenician Colony

• Rome fought for Empire (Imperialism)

• Carthage fought for self-preservation

(They had empire of their own)

CarthageNorth AfricaPunic WarPunic War

Hannibal attacks Rome from North

Elephants

CarthageNorth AfricaPunic WarPunic War

Hannibal returns to protect Carthage

Defeated on open plains

Romans Destroyed Carthage.

– poured salt on all of farm land to never let Carthage return.

Roman law let you live…but, if you went against them…

Mare Nostrum “Our Sea”

Roman Republic DeclinesRoman Republic Declines

• Led army nine years in Gaul

Julius CaesarJulius CaesarMilitary GeneralMilitary General

• Led army nine years in Gaul• Pompey convinced Senate to call him home

Julius CaesarJulius CaesarMilitary GeneralMilitary General

• Led army nine years in Gaul• Pompey convinced Senate to call him home• He came home – Took over the Senate

Julius CaesarJulius CaesarMilitary GeneralMilitary General

• Reorganized a corrupt Senate• Allowed more people Citizenship

Julius CaesarJulius CaesarMilitary GeneralMilitary General

• Reorganized a corrupt Senate• Allowed more people Citizenship

Julius CaesarJulius CaesarMilitary GeneralMilitary General

Veni, Vedi, ViciVeni, Vedi, ViciI came, I saw, I conqueredI came, I saw, I conquered

Re-established Mediterranean

…and Married Egyptian Queen, Cleopatra.

• Assassinated on Senate Floor

• Fear of him naming himself

Emperor – or Caesar

Julius CaesarJulius CaesarMilitary GeneralMilitary General

Octavian and Mark AntonyOctavian and Mark Antony

OctavianOctavian – Caesar’s grandnephew

Mark Antony Mark Antony – general

joined together to hunt down the murderers

Cleopatra VII

•After Caesar assassinated

•Marries Mark Antony - Illegal in Rome

Octavian and Mark AntonyOctavian and Mark AntonyGo to War over control of Roman Empire

used Cleopatra’s and Antony’s relationship as a political tool

Battle of ActiumOctavian defeats AntonyOctavian defeats Antony

•takes supreme rule of Rome•names himself Emperor, turning Rome into an Empire•one of the most influential empires the world has known

Octavian soon becomes Augustus or

“Exalted One”

Pax RomanaPax RomanaRoman Peace

200 year Period

Augustus to Marcus Aurelius

Entertainment– Chariot Races

– Gladiator Contests• Many gladiators were slaves trained to fight

– Emperor Nero ….Let the Christians fight the lions