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Republicanism- Idea that govt. should be based on the People and
the Citizens Rule through their elected Representatives
Was the 1st plan/constitution of how our new government would work.
Includes ideas that were given in the Declaration of Independence.
Was Weak! Gave States too much rights!
The Pros◦ National Govt. could raise an army
and declare war.◦ Each state had one vote in
Congress.◦ Congress could make treaties with
foreign countries.◦ Both State and National Govt.
could Print Money◦ National Govt. set up postal
system.◦ Congress could settle and deal
with the western lands◦ No Big Central Government telling
everyone what to do.
Yeah for States
Rights!
The Cons◦ Each state functioned independently by pursuing
its own interest rather than the nation as a whole◦ No President- No executive to enforce the law◦ States could refuse to send troops for war.◦ Laws need approval by 9 out of 13 states.◦ No power to tax citizens. No Federal Taxation◦ No Court System- to interpret laws◦ Amendments (changes) had to approved by ALL
13 states.
War Debts- states Raised taxes to pay debts of the war- which led to farmers losing land to banks.
Shay’s Rebellion◦ Named after Daniel Shay◦ Farmers in Mass. Suffered from high debt and
the state govt. did not care and farmers were required to pay their debt
◦ Farmers who could not pay their debts put in prison.
◦ Farmers were mad that the federal Govt did not take action
What good is a constitution if you can’t get the states to do what you need?
Showed the Founding Fathers that we needed a better plan for our government.
This leads to the Constitutional Convention◦ Here representatives will create a new and
improved constitution.
12 states attended (RI) New Govt
◦ 1) Virginia Plan by James Madison- 3 branch Govt with 2 house Legislature with membership based on state population (large state would get more power)
◦ 2) New jersey Play James Madison- Single house plan where each state would get one vote
Robert Sherman- Offered 2 house Congress to satisfy both small and big states◦ Each state would have equal representation in the
Senate ◦ Size of Population of each state would determine
reps in the House of Representatives.
3/5th Compromise- 3/5ths of the slave population would be counted for the purpose of taxes and representation
Slave Trade and Commerce Comprise- slave trade would not be banned for 20 years no income tax
1- Limited Government- powers given to govt are expressed in Constitution
2- Popular Sovereignty- People hold the power of Govt
3) Federalism- power divided between State and Fed Govt
4) Separation of Power- Branches 5) Checks and Balances 6) judicial Review- courts to determine
actions of Govt unconstitional.