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Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
Nature-based solutions for Disaster Risk Reduction
Eleni MANOLIEuropean Commission
Directorate General for Research and Innovatione-mail: [email protected]
PolicyPolicy Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
The challenge
Floods in Copenhagen, Denmark Storm tide in Bremenhaven, Germany 2013-12-06, wikipedia.org
PolicyPolicy Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
Nature-based solutions – What are they?
• Actions that are inspired by, supported by or copied from nature• With potential to be energy and resource-efficient and resilient to change• With success depending on adapting to local contexts (physical, environmental,
social, cultural, institutional)
• A potentially cost-effective response to major societal challenges faced today which contributes to environmental, economic and social sustainability
PolicyPolicy Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
City of Arnsberg, Germany
Flooding (2007) by the small streams in the city
• Solution: Re-naturing of rivers and streams
• Co-benefits• Increased biodiversity• Improvement of the city
landscape• Enhanced recreational value
(and revenue from tourism) for the city
• Fast attainment of EU environmental policy objectives
Source: EU FP7 Circle 2 project
PolicyPolicy Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
Room for the River, the Netherlands
High cost of expanding infrastructure for flood
protection
• Solution: Integrated spatial plan for flood protection (4 million people)
• Restoration of floodplains
• Introduction of green elements
• Co-benefits
• Master landscaping
• Improvement of environmental quality for people and nature
• Increase of recreational facilities© Ruimte voor de Rivier, 2015
PolicyPolicy Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
Protective forests, Alps
Increased risks & infrastructure damage from landslides & avalanches
• Solution: Targeted afforestation of hillslopes• Benefits for Switzerland only: between €1.5 to 2.5 billion per year• Other co-benefits: Natural capital & landscape enhancement
© Foto Furter, Photograph Parsenn, Switzerland, 1945 © Peter Bebi, Photograph Parsenn, Switzerland, 2007
PolicyPolicy Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
Are nature-based solutions cost-effective?
Engineering solutions• Strong evidence base• Most effective in reducing the impact of hazards
• Generally, affordability is low and additional benefits are few
Nature-based solutions• Most affordable and with positive additional consequences
• Often not as effective as other options• Evidence base is weak / uncertainty regarding effectiveness & performance is high
Adapted from the Royal Society (2014), Resilience to extreme weather
PolicyPolicy Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
Diverse & multiple co-benefits that make a difference
PolicyPolicy Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
Barriers & needs to full deployment
• Limited awareness of multi-functionality – lock-in in the traditional way of ‘doing things’
• Lack of a solid evidence base to compare and combine with traditional, engineering solutions• Timeframes & tipping points for performance• Design standards• Operational and technical guidelines
• Need for tools and standards to “engineer” nature-based solutions• Need for innovative decision-making processes involving co-design
& co-implementation
Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
An EU Research & Innovation agenda for Nature-Based Solutions
PolicyPolicy Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
Nature-based solutions at the heart of systemic management for DRR
• Objectives• Widening the solutions portfolio beyond
technological innovation and foster social innovation
• Co-designing, co-developing, co-implementing solutions
• Providing systemic, scalable, integrated solutions at landscape & city level
• Creating investment and market opportunities
• Instruments• Horizon 2020 – the EU Framework
Programme for Research and Innovation• Leveraging of other sources of funding
PolicyPolicy Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
The overall approach for a new EU Research and Innovation policy agenda
R&I
Other policies
Sta
kehold
er
& c
ivic
engag
em
ent
Proof of concept
Demonstration initiatives – solution testing
Innovative Nature-based solutions
Public and private sector engagement
PolicyPolicy Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
Research & Innovation can make a difference
• EU R&I policy agenda underway to provide the evidence and arguments for Nature-based solutions
• Establishment of a dialogue platform for diverse stakeholders
• Mapping and networking of existing initiatives on Nature-Based Solutions in Europe and beyond
• Set-up of large scale demonstration projects on the effectiveness, applicability and replicability of Nature-Based Solutions
• Launch and test of new means of collaboration, financing and governance (public private partnerships, innovative financing, business and organisational models, innovative public procurement, social innovation etc.)
• Collaboration within Europe and internationally, through Horizon 2020 – the EU Framework Programme for Research & Innovation
PolicyPolicy Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation
Research and Innovation Research and Innovation
Find out more...
• HORIZON 2020: http://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/
• European Research Area http://ec.europa.eu/research/era/index_en.htm
[email protected]@ec.europa.eu