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Research of Gospel Theatres Management in Taiwan
I
II
13
4
Mintzberg 5
1.
2.
3.
III
Abstract
There had always been a close relationship between religions and drama. The early
drama was used as part of the religious rituals. Since the Middle Age, drama has become as one of the ways for evangelizing. In the early development period of Taiwan, churches did not just provide the resources for medication and education; it also became a supportive force for the artistic development, alongside with the government. Christians with a passion for their faith formed gospel theatres to share the gospel. Among those groups, the role of faith for some is just a way to cultivate their members, for some it is the core value of the organizations. This research is aimed to analyze the gospel theatres through the literature review of the development of religious drama in Taiwan, the interviews with members of the current gospel theatres to understand their managements. Also base on the interviews, this thesis will provide a definition for gospel theatre and gospel drama.
This thesis is divided into three parts. The first part is the literature review. The second part studies the different management of each case. After analysis these cases by theatre management and Mintzbergs theories, the third part also provides some suggestions for these theatres.
In this research, I has discovered that because the gospel theatres main purpose is to share the gospel with their faith; it makes them different from general theatres.A gospel theater operates in a mission organization mode: 1. a special spiritual, evangelistic devotion or fellowship tem will cultivate the members faith and keep the organization in the same purpose; 2. for the productions and marketing strategies, because of their religion, the gospel theatres often face the limitations in performing locations and forms, which may cause isolation or compromise with the society; 3. the gospel theatres members reduce their conflict through value sharing, therefore, the leaders attitude on faith will affect the performance of the team.
Because gospel theatres stand between faith and arts, each theatre has a different viewpoint of what a gospel theatre should be, as some have a tendency toward faith-oriented, and the others are more arts-oriented. In this thesis, I attempts to define gospel theatre in four major areas, and believes these differences help bring varieties to arts and Christian evangelism. Furthermore, some suggestions for the gospel theatres and churches are raised for their future development and cooperation.
Key words: gospel theatres; theatres management; religious drama; Missionary Organization.
IV
I
II
AbstractIII
IV
VI
VII
1
1
2
4
8
9
13
13
19
25
49
49
56
60
61
61
71
81
90
99
104
111
118
118
122
123
V
129
131
133
135
139
151
159
173
183
187
VI
1-1 5
1-2 8
2-1 13
3-1 51
3-2 52
4-1 64
4-2 75
4-3 82
4-4 101
5-1 119
VII
1-1 6
1-2 7
1-3 9
2-1 Engel Scale 15
2-2 25
2-3 40
3-1 57
4-1 78
4-2 2007 1-3 78
4-3 2006 92
4-4 2007 92
4-5 112
4-6 114
4-7 115
5-1 118
5-2 Engel Scale121
- 1 -
1990 21
70
2002
70
1999
2002 2007
30
- 2 -
1999
80
90
1999
1999
2006 3,124
77.2% 21.7%
30
- 3 -
- 4 -
- 5 -
1994
Gospel
Good news1995
2000
1-1 2000
2000
- 6 -
1995
Gospel, or Good News
282
1-1
1-1
1982
1988
1995
1996
1996
2002
2007
2001
- 7 -
1-2
1 2007.05.17
2 2007.04.27
3 2007.04.26
4 2007.05.18
5 /
2007.05.15
6 2007.04.27
- 8 -
1-2
- 9 -
1-3
Intercession
354
Co-Workers
17
Evangelism
1918
42 112
Conversion
10 10
Invitation
44 81
Consecration
159
Ministry
77 447
- 10 -
reward, payment
4 9
Disciples
15 8
40
Non-Believer
51
Mission
61
Charisma, Gift
Spiritual Gift
73-75
Salvation
591
Vision
12
692
counsel
Congregation
158
follow-up
Fellowship
117
EvangelGospel
Good News
140
- 11 -
Sermon
Pre-Evangelism
40
Truth-Seeker
23
Spiritual
Spiritual Life
65-67
199519981999
- 12 -
- 13 -
Christianity
1
Constantine the Great, 280-337 313 2-1
2-1
20032~3
1 1998 669
313
1054
16
Thomas Cranmer, 1489-1556
Martin Luther, 1483-1546
John Calvin, 1509-1564
George Fox, 1624-1691
William Booth,
1829-1912
John Wesley, 1703-1791
- 14 -
CatholicismChristianity
73
46 27
66 27 39 2005
1998
2
2004 7
Bosch, D. J., 1996
2 16 14-15
- 15 -
1986
2004
Packer1961
27
Need Activation
19861986Engel Scale
Engel Model
2-1 Engel Scale
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
1
1
1
1986 60
- 16 -
Ronald
J. S, 1998
16241684
1624
32
1626
16 4,000
1642 1662
Lost Mission
1988 200 1807
Rev. Robert Morrison
1859
2005
18651894
1865 Dr. James L. Maxwell
1872 Dr.
George L. Mackay 1880
1901 60 4,000
2005
- 17 -
18951945
1895
1984
1945
2005
19461990
1950
1951
50 Dr. Doris Brougham
2,300
20051895 1,300
1938 9,000 13,000 1949
30,429 1951
1954 1965 100
1964 466 103,000 200,000
19501964
1990
19641979
1976
I Found It
1980
- 18 -
3Homeland Theology2001
1990
19902000 10
20052006 3,124
77.2 21.7
50
http://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/
1989
3 1993
- 19 -
2001
Thespis
fabula
Atellanamimes
Billington, M., 19891995
476 Dark Age
- 20 -
1996
Religious Plays 952 1250
1996
liturgical drama
troup
1996
925 Quem Quaeritis Troup
Quem Quaeritis
http://www.pwshop.com/html/article/dramaintro-0019.html
1996
- 21 -
liturgical drama
liturgy
http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~theatre/john/chp3-middleage-theatre.htm
952 1250 13
the platea or placemansions
http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~theatre/john/chp3-middleage-theatre.htm
13
1415
1996
The Mystery Playcycle play
mystery
- 22 -
15 125
York 48 Chester
24 Wakefield 32 Coventry 42
N-Town
cycles
cycle play
10 4500
cosmic drama
http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~theatre/john/chp3-middleage-theatre.htm
Corpus Christi
pageant wagon
1996
miracle play
1996
13 Saint Nicholas 1,500
- 23 -
http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~theatre/john/chp3-middleage-theatre.htm
morality play
1415
emblem allegorical personages
personification
allegorical playsEveryman
16
1996
16
Martin Luther
- 24 -
1517
1548
1570
16
http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~theatre/john/chp3-middleage-theatre.htm
- 25 -
70
2000
70 80
2-2
19701979
19762003
1982
19871997
1988
1995
1996
1997
2002
2007
- 26 -
1920
192030
1928
1998 27
1926 1927
1929 1936
1998
- 27 -
1998
1946 8
1949
1950
6070
19761907
1949
70
1956 2
49
1998
1960
- 28 -
1993
1968
1968
1967
John Roundel
Mr. Christmas
1972
1968-1969
25 15
15
1968
- 29 -
1968
1968
1968 20
7
1979 1969
1927 40 40
1976
1975
5060 70
- 30 -
1980 1984
1985
1989a
1989b
80
1968
1970
1969 1970 1979
1999
1971197119721975
197619781979
1973197419761976
197819781978
14 15 100
20 1985 1972 11 1973 7
20 40 1976
- 31 -
1972
1972
1976
1973
1972
1972
1999
1973 791999
1995
1999
1995 74
- 32 -
560 80
90
199980
70 70
1999
1973
70
197619781978
1999 70
1996
1969
9
- 33 -
1978
20 70
1998
1999
1971
1998
1998
1971
1971
- 34 -
1998
70
1999
1983 13
1971
1
2
- 35 -
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
1971 102
- 36 -
1995 73
1998
1 1
2
3
- 37 -
2
3
4 1
2
5
6
7
1998
1
2
3 10
30 200
97,400 1998
- 38 -
2000 69
1978
1979
1979
1999a1979
1985
1973 38
- 39 -
7080
2000
T'ien Experimental Drama Club
41976 Rev. Andre
' Lefebvre, S.J.
1963
1890-1967 60 80
1996
150 96
1997
2002
4 22
- 40 -
2-3
1.
2.
3.
4.
( )
http://www.tec.org.tw/
1 1976 1977
1976 1977
1977 1977
- 41 -
2 1978 1980 3
La MaMa E.T.C
1980
3
1980 4
1980
1980
1980
19821983
1984
1990
1991
4
12 1991
1995
1996 19972001
- 42 -
2002 2001
90
1992
1993 1994
1995 1996
1997
1998
1999 1999
2000 2001
2002
www.cmlab.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~eric/cca/Tainan/
- 43 -
1987 6
5 1980
Rev. Don Glover
1987
2003
2003 10
2003
85
1991
10 6
1995 95 5 85 1998 10 85 3F 6 1965 Fulda Bolte
- 44 -
1998
12 30
8
65125 30
6.75
1997 6
1997 7 7
2002 8 85
3
19991993
20
- 45 -
1995
2003
1 19871990
1989 1990
14
2 19911996
19941998
1993
1997
2003
19992003
1 1987 1991
1987~1991
1992
- 46 -
2 1992 1996
1992~1996
1997~
19911993
1995 2002
1950~1960
- 47 -
2002
7
http://twop.fhl.net/
800 1,500 90%
http://twop.fhl.net/us/us4.html 2002
2003 2004
2005 2004
19
2006
2007
http://twop.fhl.net/issue/issue6.html
2005
7
- 48 -
http://twop.fhl.net/reflection/reflection10.html 2002
27 100
http://twop.fhl.net/
- 49 -
Kotler & Scheff1998
Hamilton
p.3
2004
1997
1998
Vision
1997
MissionProductConduct
- 50 -
1997
PositionKotler & Scheff1998
178
1998
ObjectivesGoals
Kotler & Scheff, 1998
1997
Organizing
1998
- 51 -
3-1
2002 4-2
Human Resource Management
1998
1998
1998
- 52 -
Production Management
2000
3-3
2000 26
2000
- 53 -
Marketing Management
Kotler & Armstrong2003
Kotler & Scheff, 1998
4P
ProductPricePromotionPlace
1997
1 Kotler & Scheff1998
1 Core Product
2 Expected Product
- 54 -
3 Augmented Product
2
1998
3
1997
4
Kotler & Scheff, 1998
- 55 -
Finance Management
1998
1997
- 56 -
Robbins, 19991999
Anthony D. Smith
1997 300
8
9
92
E. E. Whitehead & J. D. Whitehead, 2000
Thomas1987value-expressive
organization)
8 10 25 9 18 20
- 57 -
10
E. E. Whitehead & J. D.
Whitehead, 2000
D Souza1993
3-1
23 11
1. 2. 3. pullingpushing
4. 5.
6.
7.
1. 2.
3.
D'Souza, A.2002
10 6 10
- 58 -
Missionary Organization
Mintzberg2005ideology
Missionary Organization
Mintzberg2005
reformers
converters
cloister
- 59 -
MissionMission1995
- 60 -
- 61 -
11
1982 25
1995
20 2000
11 THE HOME OF CHRIST1969 51
- 62 -
250
1
NG
2
3
4 1994
6090
- 63 -
18
1
2
3 18
12
13
14
12 13 1995 14 1999
- 64 -
4-1
30
60
10 20
1
2
- 65 -
11
12
- 66 -
350400
20
11
- 67 -
DM
- 68 -
150 20
450
10
DVD
20
OK
20 2000
...
- 69 -
2004
- 70 -
- 71 -
YA TONG THEATRE COMPANY
4:9
1988 1980
http://www.yttcdrama.com
19821988
19891995
19962002
32 4
20022003
2009
- 72 -
2007
http://www.yttcdrama.com
1
1
2
3
4
1
2
1995
32
1997
315 1999a
- 73 -
10
1990
1993
1993
2001 11
1980 10
20
10
1520
- 74 -
http://www.yttcdrama.com
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
- 75 -
4-2
9
PA
- 75 -
- 76 -
20
- 77 -
100
100 500
2007 4
- 78 -
4-1
1 2,219 23 / 54 32 86
2 2,227 16 / 63 19 82
168
http://www.yttcdrama.com/l13000/l13104.htm
1. 2.
CDTape VCD DVD 3. 4.
1600
2007 2007
4-2 2007 1-3
2007
N.T $ 7,000,000
DVD 1,000,000
tour 1,000,000
N.T $ 9,000,000
2007 1-3
N.T $ 2,407,326
2,209,440
N.T $ 197,886
( 26.75%)
http://www.yttcdrama.com
- 79 -
1988 24
2002
- 80 -
1. 2.
- 81 -
WORKSHOP IN HEAVEN
1996 8 5
s
20042006
1
2
1998 2000
2006
- 82 -
3 1996
2004
11
4
36 50
5
4-3
- 83 -
2%
- 84 -
- 85 -
2000
MOTOROLLA
- 86 -
29% 24% 26%
3% 18%
1 2
2060
DVD
- 87 -
handle
- 88 -
OK
- 89 -
- 90 -
Morning Star Theater
22:16
2
1996 MS
1997
97
92
1999 921
2001
92 2005
95
Life
2007
1017 15
15
- 91 -
1
2 2005
3 2002
2006
4
1
2
3
4 5 30
5
6
2006
- 92 -
4-3 2006
174 174
8 182
6 188
4 192
3 195
2 197
2 199
2 201
1 202
202
10 2006
4-4 2007
16
http://star.cyberstage.com.tw/
- 93 -
OK
2003
2005
162005 17
2007 Pig
18
16 55 22-23 17
18 17 22
- 94 -
19
for
DM
style link
19
- 95 -
DMEmail
200800
Life ET
DKNY85C
logo
T
DVDCD DVD
- 96 -
1
2 1 10
3 20 50 50
4
http://star.cyberstage.com.tw/
LOGO
DM
http://star.cyberstage.com.tw/
2005 29
10
- 97 -
leader
20
20 10 16
- 98 -
- 99 -
4:31-32
2005
2001
2002
3 51
20062007
2000 2001
2002
2003 2004
2006 2007
- 100 -
fellowship groups
cell groups
15
2005 65
16
2005
1
234
- 101 -
4-4
2002 18 21
2,000
3~3.5
A
B
- 102 -
2004
10
2002
2003 2006
2006
200700 2005 250
250 100
150
7-ELEVEN
DM Email
400
45% 10% 45%
2004 DVD
90%
- 103 -
- 104 -
Yage Theater
12:28
2007
2007
http://www.geocities.com/yagesos/
1
2
- 105 -
3
2007
8001000
- 106 -
2007
http://www.geocities.com/yagesos/about.html
20072007
2007
1/3
- 107 -
2007
- 108 -
40 midi
- 109 -
130 1.
2. 3. 4.
100% 1/3
balance
1998 2000
- 110 -
2006
3
- 111 -
- 112 -
4-5
2007
- 113 -
350400
AB
AB
Life 1017
- 114 -
4-6
- 115 -
DKNY
4-7
- 116 -
45%
90%
45
- 117 -
D Souza1993
- 118 -
Mintzberg2005
5-1
X
1. X X
2. X X X 1. X X X X 2. X X 1. X
2. X X 3. X X X X
1.
2. X
1.
2.
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Mintzberg2005
5-1
( I )
( II )
( IV )
( III )
- 120 -
Engel
Scale 5-2
- 121 -
5-2 Engel Scale
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
1986 60
1997 38
1999b
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Mintzberg2005
- 123 -
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Brockett, O. G.1996The theatre: An introduction
1969
197324178-80
1972
2001116 18698
2001
1985
1989
2004
199510
3672-75
1993
196812110350-351
19721239
1979
- 125 -
20031987-2004
2004
2003
2000
1997
1999
427-439
1998
198812
127-156
199461214717
1968619219-221
1994 11
1998
2000
Engel, J. F.1986Contemporary Christian
communications, its theory and practice
1979
19988307-337
197212218
1973148
20011945-2002
1981
2005
- 126 -
1971
1973215(1)34-38
19751110
12
1976
1999
440-442
2004
1995.
1999
127-149
1999
1973139
198391513
199725 :
54-61
1998
83-93
1997
25 : 47-49
1986
1995
2004
1995
1999
151-167
- 127 -
19789146
1997
1990
1997
25 : 23-24
2007217271610
1999
1998
1998
1998
1999
1993
20056140200506
199725 :
37-41
1998
8-30
200048818-23
1999a8-10
1999b109-110
2000
2003
1989a
212
1989b519
- 128 -
1976
20021217
20664
2002
2007130 270812
2005
1971
1972
102006
200767
- 129 -
86 8 8
86 10 13
390 1 1
18
- 130 -
- 131 -
02-29259612, e-mail [email protected]
/ / E-MAIL ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ /
_____________
~
- 132 -
- 133 -
109-110
- 134 -
- 135 -
0932-860890
- 136 -
2000
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- 137 -
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
- 138 -
- 139 -
2007 5 17 7:30-9:30 51
25 71 72
- 140 -
30 60
- 141 -
- 142 -
- 143 -
12
450
20 99%
- 144 -
OK
60 30
- 145 -
OK
DVD DVD DVD
- 146 -
20
DVD
OK
DVD
- 147 -
Good TV
- 148 -
OK
key man
2000
- 149 -
OK
OK
idea
1996
- 150 -
Good TV
End
- 151 -
2007 4 27 3:00-4:30 117 51
part-time
- 152 -
style
try
regular
timing
- 153 -
OK
OK
interview
- 154 -
DVDVCD
- 155 -
fancy OK
- 156 -
Media theater
LA
- 157 -
call-in
13
1995
28
- 158 -
surprise
End
- 159 -
2007 4 26 10:00-12:00 390 1 1
s sss s s
- 160 -
OK
Handle
Ken Ken
Handle
- 161 -
- 162 -
OK
OK
- 163 -
19885 85
1980
FineOK
MOTOROLLA RUN OK OK
OK
99%
- 164 -
RUN
RUN
RUN
CD
OK OK OK
- 165 -
2%2%
OK
OK Hold
OK
- 166 -
team
handle
OK
- 167 -
EQ
Hold
- 168 -
part-time
part-timeby case
range
36 50
share
- 169 -
case
29% 24% 26% 3% 18%
50 200
ORTV
leader
- 170 -
OK
care
power
OK
power
- 171 -
OK
End
- 172 -
- 173 -
2007 5 18 2:00-5:00 78
2004
try try
- 174 -
shock 92
down focus
style
for
style
style link
sweet up holy catch
DM
focus
- 175 -
90%
match
- 176 -
peace
2% 2%
- 177 -
try
OK
leader
560
smart
- 178 -
Pig 5 22 23
Pig
920 OK
- 179 -
90%
OK OK
DKNY 85 C
DKNY logo
85 C
Disney
leader leader
- 180 -
YMCA support
leader
trouble trouble trouble
live
DMEmail
try
- 181 -
End
- 182 -
- 183 -
2007 5 15 12:00-1:30 403
2002 45 78
- 184 -
250 100 150
routine
depress team
15
cover
AB
- 185 -
End
- 186 -
- 187 -
2007 4 27 10:00-12:00 57
OK
OK OK
- 188 -
Good TV
Good TV
1/3
1/3
balance
bonus bonus
- 189 -
Good TV
- 190 -
- 191 -
1/3
- 192 -
idea
run
midi midi
OK
OK
- 193 -
team run
DVD
Good TV
DVD
broad way
- 194 -
End