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Bellwork:
• On a piece of paper, write the top 10 things you would hate to live without.
• Together, let’s narrow the list of things that humans cannot TRULY live without to 5 things
• You have 2 minutes in groups to narrow that to 3 things
• What’s the #1 thing that humans can’t live without? • If you don’t settle near water, you MUST have a
system for irrigation: bringing the water to you!
Resources
• Resource: available material that can be used for survival or economic gain
• Natural resources: water; rocks and minerals (gold, limestone, marble); oil; natural gas; trees; land
• Resources (and the struggle for control of them) are at the heart of almost every major conflict in the history of the world.
Earliest Villages
• Jericho:– Small city in present-day Palestine– Built between 10,000 and 9,000 BCE– Size of a few soccer fields– A few thousand people– Surrounded by a huge wall
• Çatalhüyük: – Small city in modern-day Turkey– Developed around 7000 BCE– Population: 6,500 people– Three times more land than Jericho– Contained hundreds of connected, mud-brick houses
Major Centers of Developing Civilizations
• Major civilizations in Asia and Africa all developed around river valleys• River valleys provided–Fertile land–Sources of fresh water–Transportation
4 River Valley Civilizations
• Sumer: Between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in the Middle East• Egypt: Along the Nile River in East Africa• Indus: Along the Indus River in India• Shang: Along the Yellow River in China
Chalk Talk
• You have just landed on a distant world. Your government has assigned your group the job of determining whether or not the people you come in contact with are “civilized.”
• What criteria will you use to decide? What basic characteristics will the people or their society have to have to be “civilized?”
Basic Features of Civilization
• “Having cities” isn’t enough• Seven other features:
1. Organized governments2. Complex religions3. Job specialization4. Social classes5. Arts and architecture6. Public works (water, sewer, trash, etc)7. Writing