Results for Spainenvejecimiento.csic.es/.../axa-retirement2008-01.pdfAXA Retirement Scope – Wave 4 – Spain – January 2008 -4 Sample structure (as in the previous waves) 9307

AXA Retirement Scope – Wave 4 – Spain – January 2008 - 1

Wave 4

2007 - 2008

AXA Retirement ScopeAXA Retirement Scope

Results for Spain

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1: Introduction

Objectives

Methodology

2: Analysis

2.1. Retirement: how do people see it, how do they live it? - does retirement age meet people's ideals?- does retirement mean old age?- is retirement an active period in life? - retirement perceived across generations?

2.2 Retirement from a financial point of view- income, living standards, quality of life- preparation: age, triggers, amounts and products- responsibilities and future of the systems

2.3 Is retirement a happy period in life? What factors influence this?- happiness- health- inheritance- different perceptions between men and women

2.4 The Global Warming: opinions, responsibilities, willingness tochange habits

3: Conclusions

Table of Contents


Introduction: Objectives of « AXA Retirement Scope »

This fourth wave of « AXA Retirement Scope » - originally launched in 2004 -has the following objectives:

Explore and understand attitudes towards retirement

Compare perception and reality: working people versus retired or early retired people

Analyze the results for the Spain from an international point of view

Follow main trends over the time and identify the evolutions of results between 2006 and 2007

A reference study on retirement


Sample structure (as in the previous waves)

307 working people aged 25 and over / 322 retired or in early retirement people aged under 75.

Sample representative of the two populations for criteria of age, gender, region, occupation of the head of the household. [Quotas method]

Telephone interviews carried out by TNS

Questionnaire: 20 minutes in length

Fieldwork dates: July, 5th to August, 1st, 2007

Methodology


Sample (1/5)Gender, age and marital status

Base: n=307 working, n=322 retired

Working Retired

Distribution by gender (in %) (Quotas) (Quotas)

Male 48 44

Female 52 56

Working Retired

Distribution by age (in %) (Quotas) (Quotas)

25-34 years old 30 -



55-64 years old 16 21

65-75 years old - 79

Working Retired

Divorced 5 1

Single 21 6

Marital Status (in %) (Quotas) (Quotas)

Married / Living with a partner 72 80

Widowed 3 12


Sample (2/5)Social class

Working Retired

Social class (in %) (Quotas) (Quotas)

A – Upper class 12 7

B – Medium-Upper class 20 18

C – Medium class 47 44

D – Medium-Low class 19 23

E – Low class 2 8



Sample (3/5)Regions


Working Retired

Catalunya 17 16

Pais Vasca 5 7

Este

Levante

Andalucia

Centro

Norte

Noroeste

Regions (in %) (Quotas) (Quotas)

Baleares 3 2

Aragon 3 3

Canarias 5 3

Navarra 2 2

La Rioja 1 0

Asturias 2 3

Galicia 7 7

Extramadura 3 2

Madrid 13 15

C. Valenciana 11 9

Murcia 3 4

Andalucia 17 15

Castilla La Mancha 4 4

Castilla Leon 6 7

Cantabria 1 1

ASTURIASCANTABRIANAVARRA

LA RIOJA

MURCIA

MADRID

ANDALUCIA

EXTREMADURA

CASTILLA LEON

COM. VALENCIANA

PAIS VASCO

CATALUÑA

ARAGON

GALICIA

CASTILLA LA MANCHA BALEARES

CANARIAS


Sample (4/5)Size of community

Working Retired

Size of community (in %) (Quotas) (Quotas)

< 2 MIL inhab. 6 9

2 – 10 MIL inhab. 15 18

> 500 MIL inhab. 17 19

10 – 50 MIL inhab. 26 22

50 – 100 MIL inhab. 11 11

100 – 500 MIL inhab. 25 21

Base : n=300 working, n=300 retired


Sample (5/5)Ethnical group

Working Retired

Country of birth (in %)

Spain 91 98

Colombia 2 0

Portugal 1 0

Brazil 1 0

France 1 0

Germany 1 0

Peru 1 0

Argentina 0 1

Morocco 0 1

Others 1 0

Base : n=300 working, n=300 retired


How to read the results?

The following definitions will be used along the report:

Color code for Working vs Retired:

To read significant differences between waves, arrows will be used:

short arrow will identify significant difference between two waves

longer arrow will identify significant differences across a period

Significances are calculated with a 10% risk level.

Some subjects in 2007 questionnaire have changed (new wordings, new themes,…). Results between 2007 and the previous years will be compared only if the wording or the basis used for the questions are exactly identical.

WorkingRetired


The AXA Retirement Scope was conducted in 2007 in the 26 following countries: Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Morocco, New Zealand, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Singapore, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, Thailand, UK, USA.

Spain results will be compared with those of:AustraliaBelgiumCanadaChinaCzech RepublicFranceGermanyHungaryItalyJapanMoroccoPortugalSwitzerlandUKUSACentral Europe: Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, SlovakiaWestern Europe: Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, UK

Average of the survey stands for the average value of the results of the 26 countries, on a one country – one voice basis.

International comparison of results (1/2)


Local currency conversion rates:

Local currency Equiv. € Euros Equiv. Local currency

Australia 1 AUD 0.63

0.69

0.97

0.03

0.41

0.60

0.09

0.60

1.48

0.74

1.59 AUD

Belgium In Euros

Canada 1 CAD

1 €

1 €

1 €

1 €

1 €

1 €

1 €

1 €

1.44 CAD

China 10 CNY 10.29 CNY

Czech Rep. 1 CZK 28.69 CZK

France In Euros

Germany In Euros

Hungary 100 HUF 245.25 HU

International comparison of results (2/2)

F

Italy In Euros

Japan 100 JPY 166.74 JPY

Morocco 1 MAD 11.14 MAD

Portugal In Euros

Spain In Euros

Switzerland 1 CHF 1.65 CHF

UK 1 GBP 0.67 GBP

USA 1 USD 1 € 1.35 USD

Exchange rate at July, the 1st 2007

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Hungary.svg

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Germany.svg

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Italy.svg

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Australia.svg

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Japan.svg

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_France.svg

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Canada.svg

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg


Retirement: How do people view it, how do they live it?

Working vs Retired

- does retirement age meet people's ideals? - does retirement mean old age?- is retirement an active period in life? - retirement perceived across generations?

- I -


62 years old

61 years old

63 years old

58 years old

Expected/actualretirement age

Ideal retirementage

Q.14 Working: And, ideally, at what age would you like to retire? Retired: If it was to be redone, at what age would you have retired?

Q.13 Working: At what age do you think you will retire? Retired: at what age did you retire?


Average age

Question not asked to housewives

Working Retired

63 63 63 63

2004 2005 2006 2007

Expected age of retirement

61 62 61 62

2004 2005 2006 2007

Actual age of retirement

WorkingRetired

I-1. At what age do people wish to retire?Working people dream of retiring early, at the age of 58, but they are aware that they will not quit working before 63. However, the closer the time to retire, the further the ideal retirement age: for retired people or people in pre-retirement , the ideal retirement age is, on average, 61. They would have liked to retire only a year before they actually did. A peculiarity in the North where the desired age for retirement and the actual age go down by two years for retired people.Over the four last years, the actual retirement age has increased by one year.

Norte: 59 y.o.

Norte: 60 y.o.

Under 45: 57 y.o.; 45 and over: 60 y.o.;55 and over: 62 y.o., A: 61 y.o.; D+E: 56 y.o.,Norte: 56 y.o., >100Mil inh.: 59 y.o.


56 y.o.

60 y.o.

52 y.o.

57 y.o.

54 y.o.

58 y.o.

59 y.o.

60 y.o.

57 y.o.

57 y.o.

60 y.o.

60 y.o.

60 y.o.

62 y.o.

62 y.o.

57 y.o.

58 y.o.

59 y.o.

62 y.o.

63 y.o.

56 y.o.

57 y.o.

60 y.o.

60 y.o.

61 y.o.

61 y.o.

62 y.o.

62 y.o.

62 y.o.

62 y.o.

63 y.o.

63 y.o.

63 y.o.

64 y.o.

64 y.o.

64 y.o.

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

China

Morocco

Hungary

Canada

France

Japan

Australia

Italy

UK

Belgium

Portugal

Spain

Switzerland

Czech Rep.

USA

Germany

59 y.o.

57 y.o.

57 y.o.

61 y.o.

56 y.o.

58 y.o.

59 y.o.

60 y.o.

61 y.o.

58 y.o.

59 y.o.

60 y.o.

59 y.o.

60 y.o.

60 y.o.

61 y.o.

61 y.o.

62 y.o.

62 y.o.

64 y.o.

56 y.o.

58 y.o.

53 y.o.

56 y.o.

56 y.o.

56 y.o.

56 y.o.

57 y.o.

57 y.o.

57 y.o.

58 y.o.

58 y.o.

58 y.o.

58 y.o.

58 y.o.

59 y.o.

59 y.o.

61 y.o.

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

China

Hungary

France

UK

Morocco

Czech Rep.

Canada

Australia

Italy

Belgium

USA

Portugal

Spain

Switzerland

Germany

Japan

I-1bis. At what age do people wish to retire? International comparisonIn all countries, the ideal retirement age is later for retirees than for working people – by 3 years in Spain, as on average in Western Europe. In all countries, working people expect to actually retire later than their elder did. Spain is however the country where retirees retired the latest (62 y.o. vs. 60 y.o. on average in Western Europe). Therefore, the gap between retirees’ actual retirement age and working people projected retirement age is quite low (1 year vs. 3 years in W.E.)

WorkingRetired

Ideal retirement age Expected / actualretirement ageAverage ageAverage age

Survey average

Survey average 57 y.o.

61 y.o.
























67%33%

45% 55%

Q.16b Retired: Did you retire prior to the legal age...? Q.16c Retired: Was your retirement departure ...?

Voluntary, by choiceImposed by employerBase: n=124 retired before the legal age

Circumstances of departure

Retired prior to the normal retirement age


Base: n=224 retired

Retired

YesNo

I-2. Did people retire before the legal retirement age? Under what circumstances?More than half of the retired people (55%) retired before the legal age. This percentage raises to 71% and 72% in the East and the North of the country. Of those, two third quitted work voluntarily. A behaviour particularly widespread among females.

D+E: 43%, Este: 71%; Norte: 72%D+E: 57%, Este: 29%; Norte: 28%

Female: 86%Female: 14%


I-2bis. Did people retire before the legal retirement age? Under what circumstances? International comparison

Survey average

36

23

25

26

27

31

31

35

37

38

39

40

42

48

55

56

73

14

14

15

18

13

6

7

11

13

18

25

15

12

16

12

13

9

11

50

50

63

56

62

67

61

58

52

45

37

46

48

42

41

32

35

15

36Western Europe

Central Europe

France

Morocco

Czech Rep.

Italy

Japan

Australia

Switzerland

Spain

China

Belgium

Portugal

Germany

UK

Hungary

USA

Canada

Yes, by choice

Yes, imposed by employer

No

36 15 49

As far as early retirement is concerned, Spain is close to the European average.

%













53% 47%

7%93%

Q.17 Working: Would you like to hold a paid job after retirement? Retired: Do you hold a paid job despite retirement?

Question not asked to housewivesBase: n=253 working, n=224 retired

34 35 47

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "Yes"

7 9 11 72004 2005 2006 2007

% of "Yes"

Working

Retired

YesNo

YesNo

I-3. Do people hold, or plan to hold, a paid job during retirement?

If very few retirees (7%) hold a paid job during retirement, almost half of the working people envisage to do so. An attitude that has significantly increased compared to last year (47%vs. 35%).

Norte: 71%: Noroeste: 67%

B: 100%: A+B: 100%, Centro: 86%

Norte: 29%: Noroeste: 33%

B: 0%: A+B: 0%, Centro: 14%

Not asked in 2004


9

15

3

7

11

10

18

7

7

5

11

10

19

15

16

22

22

28

41

49

31

31

36

39

40

43

47

51

51

55

55

58

58

62

66

71

Western Europe

Central Europe

France

Italy

Germany

Hungary

Switzerland

Belgium

Spain

Portugal

UK

Australia

USA

China

Canada

Czech Rep.

Morocco

Japan

I-3bis. Do people hold, or plan to hold, a paid job during retirement? International comparison

Survey average

% of "Yes"

17

54

WorkingRetired

The general trend: a low proportion of retirees work after retirement while quite a high percentage of the working population plans to do so. Overall, West European working people are less inclined to project a paid job after retiring than people in other regions (e.g. Japan, North-America,…). Spain is close to the West European average.













23%18%55%

4%

Base:

Q.15 Working and Retired: What do you think about raising the minimum retirement age limit (for men and women)?Q.16a Working and Retired: In your opinion, up to what age can the minimum retirement age limit be increased?

n=307 working, n=322 retired

18 16 22 23

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "approve"

3024 25 30

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "approve"

44%3%

22%

30%

65 years old

65 years oldStatutory retirement age limit

Working

Retired

ApproveNeither approve nor disapproveDisapproveDo not know

WorkingRetired

I-4. What do people think about raising the minimum retirement age?The majority of the Spanish working people disapprove the raise of the minimum retirement age, more than retirees do (44% vs. 55%). People in the North are particularly hostile to this measure. A/B social classes are less opposed to it than average. However, approval is gaining compared to the previous years.A consensus on the statutory retirement age limit at 65 years.

A: 37%; A+B: 44%; Centro:44%; Norte:77%

Norte: 55%;>100mil inh: 36%;10-100mil inh: 54%

35-44 y.o.:27%;Norte: 7%; Noroeste: 10%

Male: 15%; Norte:14%

Norte: 13%

45-54 y.o.: 0%; 55 y.o. and over: 10 %

Centro: 22%

A: 67 y.o; B: 66 y.o; A+B: 67 y.o;Centro: 66 y.o; Noroeste: 63 y.o.Under 65: 63 y.o; B: 67 y.o;A+B: 67 y.o; D: 64 y.o;D+E: 64 y.o.; Este: 66 y.o; Levante: 64 y.o; Norte: 64 y.o;10-100Mil inh: 64 y.o.;>100Mil inh: 66 y.o.


14

29

11

13

23

19

15

33

27

30

38

30

42

29

42

46

50

70

11

19

4

11

12

15

16

16

20

20

20

23

25

27

29

29

36

58

Central Europe

Western Europe

Hungary

Germany

Switzerland

Portugal

Czech Rep.

USA

UK

France

Australia

Spain

Belgium

Morocco

Canada

Italy

China

Japan

I-4bis. What do people think about raising the minimum retirement age? International comparison

% of "Approve"

Survey average

36

30

WorkingRetired

In almost all countries, retirees are more favourable to the raise of the minimum retirement age than workers. Among workers, only a minority approves it (except in Japan). As far as Western Europe is concerned, Spain is slightly more favourable than average to this measure (23%vs. 19%), in the third place after Italy and Belgium.













Q.13 Working: At what age do you think you will retire? Retired: at what age did you retire? (Not asked to housewives)Q.19 Working: Personally, until what age do you think you would be fit to work?

Retired: Personally, until what age do you think you would have been fit to work? Q.42 Working and Retired: In your opinion, at what age is somebody old …? SPONTANEOUS QUESTIONS

Base: n= 307 working, n=322 retired

WorkingRetired

63 y.o. 64 y.o.

75 y.o.

62 y.o.67 y.o.

79 y.o.

Actual / expectedretirement age

Fit to work age Age of oldness

A: 67 y.o; B: 66 y.o.; A+B: 66 y.o.;Centro: 66 y.o.

Under 65 y.o.: 64 y.o.;A+B: 68 y.o.;Norte: 65 y.o.;>100Mil inh: 68 y.o.

25-34 y.o.: 72 y.o.;35-44 y.o.: 77 y.o.;Male: 73 y.o.; Female: 78 y.o.; Don’t have children: 73 y.o.;Norte: 78 y.o.

Male: 77 y.o.; Female: 80 y.o.;Andalucia: 77 y.o.

Norte: 60 y.o.

I-5. Until what age are people fit to work?Are people considered to be old when retired?For working people, the retirement age almost coincides with the moment when people are no longer able to work. Retirees feel able to work five years up to the actual retirement age.Both populations claim that old age comes many years after retirement.The older, the later one feels fit to work and the later the threshold of oldness. Females consider one is old later than males.

"Bonus years"= years between retirement and age of oldness

1712

Bonus years


Survey average 61 63 69 8 57 64 73 16

I-5bis. Until what age are people fit to work? Are people considered to be old when retired? International comparison

Working Retired

Expected retirem

ent age (A)

Fit to

work age

Age of oldness

(B)

Bonus years

(B-A

)

Expected retirem

ent age (A)

Fit to

work age

Age of oldness

(B)

Bonus years

(B-A

)

Australia 62 67 74 11 57 65 80 23

Belgium 62 63 73 11 60 64 76 16

Canada 60 68 73 13 58 66 79 21

China 56 57 65 9 52 58 66 14

Czech Rep. 64 61 69 5 57 62 72 15

France 61 62 72 11 59 63 76 17

Germany 64 63 71 7 59 64 75 16

Hungary 60 62 71 11 54 61 70 16

Italy 62 64 72 10 57 68 75 18

Japan 61 66 56 -5 60 68 69 9

Morocco 57 60 68 11 57 64 81 24

Portugal 63 61 74 11 60 63 77 18

Spain 63 64 75 12 62 67 79 17

Switzerland 63 66 75 12 62 67 84 22

UK 62 66 72 10 60 66 78 18

USA 64 67 73 9 58 66 78 20

Central Europe 62 61 71 9 56 62 72 16

Western Europe 63 64 73 10 60 65 78 18

Everywhere, but in Portugal and Czech Republic, people feel still fit to work when retiring. In Spain, workers consider they are fit to work until 64 - as the W.E. average, retirees until 67 - 2 years more than the W.E. average.Everywhere people benefit from “bonus years” : in Spain, 12 years for workers (vs. 10 in W.E.), 17 for retirees (vs. 18 in W.E.) to live their retirement in good conditions.Spain is among the countries where one is considered as old the latest.













0

1

3

22

5

4

5

2

29

3

7

10

5

9

8

11

33

25

5

3

4

5

16

0

2

3

5

6

7

7

7

12

14

34

DK

Other

Useless

Alone, sadness, boredom

Poor, f inancial dif f iculties

Death, old, ill, dependent, health problems

Voluntary w ork

Time to devote to others

Just do nothing

Leisure activities, sports

Time to do things I like

A dif ferent life, a new life, another life

Take care of family, children, grandchildren

Finally I w ill be able to enjoy life

Holidays, travels

Time to devote to myself , f reedom

Rest, peace and quiet

Positive associations:Working: 63%Retired: 57%

Q.40 Working and Retired: What thoughts come to mind when thinking about the word « Retirement »? [SPONTANEOUS – PRE-CODED QUESTION)]

Negatives associations:Working: 26% Retired: 35%

Average number of associations:Working: 1.6Retired: 1.6


WorkingRetired

I-6. What thoughts are spontaneously associated with retirement?Working people (63%) and retirees (57%) associated retirement mainly with positive ideas: first of all rest and peace, also time for oneself, holidays and travel,…But one-third of the retired people and one-fourth of the working people also relate to this time of their life with more negative aspects, particularly death and health problems.

B:23%; D: 5%; D+E:6%; Noroeste:6%

Levante:10%; Norte: 8%

B: 24%; A+B: 20%; D: 4%

Under 65 y.o.: 16%

Under 65 y.o.: 16%

Centro: 1%B: 14%.

Este:1%; Noroeste: 1%

Norte: 3%; Noroeste:5%

Levante:2%

Norte:8%; Noroeste: 26%

Levante: 14%B: 17%; A+B: 15%; Este: 19%; Andalucia: 41%

D: 7%; Centro: 6%

Centro: 7%

A+B: 0%; Norte:9%

A+B: 44%; Norte: 24%

< 10Mil inh: 0%

Norte: 0%Noroeste:1%

D+E: 11%


81

55

65

80

78

57

63

49

57

76

77

77

68

52

36

34

39

43

73

56

72

72

63

74

81

65

44

67

73

79

41

55

43

43

56

65

0 20 40 60 80 100

3228

23

24

48

35

49

34

29

36

35

17

16

25

14

13

18

29

37

40

22

34

31

25

22

25

31

26

19

29

28

20

17

41

19

21

0 20 40 60 80 100

France

Switzerland

Belgium

Canada

Australia

UK

Morocco

Czech Republic

Germany

Spain

USA

China

Japan

Portugal

Hungary

Italy

Western Europe

Central Europe

I-6bis. What thoughts are spontaneously associated with retirement? International comparison

Survey average

WorkingRetired

Positive associations(%)

Negative associations(%)

26 28 656350% 50%

Have a particularly positive view of retirement: the Canadians, the Brits, the French, the Swiss, the Moroccans. Have to the contrary a negative view: the Portuguese, the Italians, the Japanese and the Hungarians.The Spaniards have quite an average perception: slightly under average regarding positive associations and, as far as retirees are concerned, above average regarding negative associations.













23

27

12

20

11

5

4

7

3

26

1

13

4

5

3

5

1

18

57

22

16

16

10

6

5

5

5

4

2

18

4

3

3

3

2

Others

Take care of animals

Continue working

Go on day trips/visits

Take care of me

Gardening/DIY

Join groups/associations

Visit the family

Social life, meet with friends

Do nothing

Walking/hiking

Back to college or other studies

Volunteer work

Sports

Take care of family, children,grandchildren, partner

Cultural interests, reading

A hobby, a special interest

Travel

Q.41 Working: Which activities and projects would most interest you when Retired? Retired: What kind of activities do you do since you retired? [SPONTANEOUS PRE-CODED QUESTION]


Average number of activitiesWorking: 2.0Retired: 2.0

WorkingRetired

I-7. Which activities do people do, plan to do, when retired? Both for retired people and workers, retirement is and will be an ideal opportunity to travel (23% and 57%) - however a dream that people do not always realize once retired - and to practice their hobby (27% and 22%).Retirement is also a time to exercise (walking/hiking more than sports practice), dedicate time to their family, read/have cultural activities. The social class has an impact on the type of activities: more than average A/Bs practice a hobby, have cultural activities, give time to volunteer work and even go back to college.

%

D+E: 13%, Don’t have children: 38% 35-44 y.o.: 13 %; 45-54 y.o.: 34%A+B: 38%; D+E: 16%

Don’t have children: 9%

B: 27%; A+B:23%; D: 4%; D+E: 3%, Don’t have children:24%, Noroeste: 5%

Norte:19%; >100Mil inh: 18%

<10mil inh: 0%A+B: 14%45-54 y.o.: 12%; D: 0%; D+E: 0%Under 65 y.o.: 0%; B:12%; A+B:9%; D:0%; D+E: 0%; Este:9%Noroeste: 10%B: 14%; A+B: 11%; C: 35%; Norte: 38%

Este: 6%; Norte: 4%; Noroeste: 20%

55 y.o. and over: 8%Norte: 8%

35-44 y.o.: 0%, A+B: 0%; D:9%; D+E: 8%,Don’t have children: 0%

Female: 2%

Andalucia: 3%

C: 1%A: 3%



36

45

23

23

24

24

31

35

37

44

47

50

52

55

57

58

61

73

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Italy

Japan

Portugal

Hungary

China

Germany

Morocco

Czech Rep.

UK

Switzerland

Belgium

USA

Spain

Australia

Canada

France

7

9

7

7

7

7

7

7

8

9

9

9

12

16

6

5

1

4

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Japan

Morocco

Canada

Italy

Portugal

Hungary

China

UK

Belgium

France

Germany

Czech Rep.

USA

Australia

Switzerland

Spain

18 7

15

20

8

9

14

16

16

20

22

22

22

23

24

27

30

31

34

3

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Morocco

Portugal

France

Hungary

Czech Rep.

Belgium

Canada

Italy

China

Spain

Germany

USA

UK

Australia

Japan

Switzerland

Interest of other countries for the Top 3 activities of Spain Working respondents (%)

Travel Hobby Cultural Interest

Survey average

39 Survey average

Survey average

I-7bis. Which activities do people plan to do when retired? International ComparisonSpanish workers have a high appeal for travel: they come in 4th place, just behind The French, the Canadians and the Australians.Spaniards’ interest in spending part of their retirement on cultural activities place them at the head of the international ranking.



































16

25

8

8

12

20

21

24

25

26

27

27

27

28

34

37

40

4

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Morocco

Hungary

Portugal

China

Italy

France

Czech Rep.

Belgium

USA

Canada

Spain

Switzerland

Germany

Australia

Japan

UK

9

18

13

14

16

18

20

20

21

23

28

6

2

6

8

26

8

5

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Hungary

Japan

Italy

Morocco

Belgium

USA

Portugal

China

Czech Rep.

Germany

France

Canada

Australia

UK

Spain

Switzerland

I-7bis. Which activities do people do when retired? International Comparison

Survey average

20 14Survey average

Interest of other countries for the Top 3 activities of Spain Retired respondents (%)

Hobby Walking

Spanish retirees are quite active: they are ahead, just after the Swiss when it comes to walking/hiking; more than one-fourth among them has a hobby; and nearly one-fourth of them actually travels, the same level as the French and the Germans.

7

20

9

14

17

23

23

23

24

24

25

25

27

28

33

3

8

5

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Hungary

Portugal

Italy

China

Czech Rep.

Japan

France

Spain

Germany

Switzerland

Australia

Belgium

UK

Morocco

USA

Canada

18Survey average

Travel



































Q.25b Working: Do you think your life during retirement will be better than that of your parents? Retired: Do you think your life during retirement is better than that of your parents?

Q.25c Working: Do you think your children’s life during retirement will be better than yours? Retired: Do you think your children’s life during retirement will be better than yours?


WorkingRetired

67

49

91

52

Better than that of the parents Better for children

45-54 y.o.: 77%;Este: 55%

Norte: 30%; Noroeste: 33%

B: 81%; A+B: 84%Este: 85 %

Este: 39%;Norte 34;Noroeste: 41%

I-8. How do people see life during retirement across generations?The generation of the current retirees almost unanimously consider that they benefit during retirement from a better quality of life than their parents did. Two-third of the working population, and more as far as the 45-54 y.o. are concerned, think they will be favoured compared to their parents. Whether retired or working, only half of the people think that their children will have a better life than themselves when retiring.

% of “Yes”


60

76

54

69

53

76

67

72

77

71

38

68

76

74

83

80

91

79

46

47

25

37

38

38

40

42

43

46

48

50

58

59

59

61

67

83

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Japan

Italy

Hungary

France

Germany

Switzerland

Belgium

Czech Rep.

Morocco

Portugal

Canada

USA

UK

Australia

Spain

China

24

28

16

12

11

22

15

18

18

26

30

22

48

40

52

61

51

65

26

50

12

14

18

19

20

23

25

39

41

47

47

49

49

54

56

78

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

Switzerland

France

Japan

Belgium

Germany

Portugal

Italy

Czech Rep.

Canada

Hungary

USA

UK

Spain

Morocco

Australia

China

I-8bis. How do people see the life during retirement across generations? International comparison

70

56

Better than that of parents Better for children

Survey average 42

48Survey average

% %

WorkingRetired

Spain is among the most positive countries regarding the improvement over time of the quality of life during retirement: Spanish retirees are the first and Spanish workers the second, just after the Chinese, to think that they are or will be more favoured than their parents.And they are the Europeans the most optimistic for their children’s future.
























98

79

57

97

80

54Financially

By materialmeans, otherthan f inancial

By theirpresence, byvisiting them

regularly

Q.49 Working and Retired: Do you think children should support their Retired parents?

% of « Yes »

[AIDED QUESTION]

Base: n=307 working, n322 retiredWorkingRetired

I-9. How should children support their retired parents?There seems to be a consensus in this regard: the love and affection of children towards their parents is the main support which retired people should receive (97% working and 98% retired).Opinions are more divided regarding financial obligations: among working people they are more obvious for females than for males (62% vs. 45%) and for D/E social classes (72% vs. 54% on average).

D: 89%; D+E: 91%; Don’t have children: 87%;Norte: 66%

Este:95%

Under 65 y.o.: 69%; Norte: 65%

Male: 45%; Female: 62%; B: 41%; D: 72%; D+E: 72%; Don’t have children: 64%



36

38

16

23

18

28

27

30

22

29

32

41

42

50

57

56

70

77

37

43

26

27

29

33

34

36

37

38

44

47

48

52

54

66

69

84

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

UK

Switzerland

Australia

Germany

Canada

Belgium

USA

Japan

France

Czech Rep.

Hungary

Italy

Spain

China

Portugal

Morocco

45

60

44

44

46

47

50

52

49

50

56

67

58

71

69

79

81

84

50

65

49

52

52

54

55

55

57

57

60

68

70

72

79

80

82

83

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Switzerland

Germany

Hungary

Japan

Australia

USA

Canada

UK

Belgium

Czech Rep.

France

Italy

China

Spain

Portugal

Morocco

92

93

86

81

89

88

90

90

85

92

90

94

92

94

94

98

98

98

94

94

84

88

88

91

92

92

93

93

94

94

95

95

96

97

98

100

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

Switzerland

Japan

Australia

USA

Canada

Germany

UK

Belgium

Italy

Hungary

China

France

Czech Rep.

Spain

Morocco

Portugal

I-9bis. How should children support their retired parents? International comparison

Survey average 92

94

65

69Survey average 48

53Survey average

Visits Materials means Financially

% of "Yes" % of "Yes" % of "Yes"

WorkingRetired

Love and affection is essential in all the countries, although it is true that Portuguese and Spanish people attach the most importance to this. Both countries also attach a great deal of importance to material support. The Spaniards are more divided regarding the financial help but still come in fourth position, after the Moroccans, the Portuguese and the Chinese.



































Retirement from a financial point of view: Working vs Retired

- income, living standards, quality of life- preparation: age, triggers, amounts and products- responsibilities and future of the systems

- II -


59%

27%

13%



Q.20 Working: Considering your total retirement income -government and private benefits, savings and company pensions-, do you think that your retirement income will be higher, as high or lower than your last salary you will be earning before retirement? Retired: Considering your total retirement income -government and private benefits, savings and company pensions-, do you think that your retirement income is higher, as high or lower than your last salary you earned before retirement?

16 16 14 13

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "higher"

12 11 1521

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "higher"

60% 19%

21%

Working

Retired

Higher As highLower

II-1. Is/will retirement income be higher or lower than the last earned salary?For six people out of ten, the retirement income is/will be inferior to the last earned salary.It is worth highlighting the increased number of retired people who indicate that their pension is above their last salary (21% vs. 15% in the previous year).

35-44 y.o.: 6%

D: 15%; D+E: 15%


10

6

7

7

8

8

10

13

16

22

19

74

62

89

84

74

86

65

82

77

72

72

71

62

70

67

60

51

42

4

2

22

13

16

17

17

21

33

40

2

4

7

19

10

11

16

9

12

20

28

10

15

15

16

19

16

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

Japan

Germany

Italy

Belgium

Morocco

France

Canada

Switzerland

Australia

UK

Portugal

USA

Czech Rep.

Spain

Hungary

China

II-1bis. Is/will retirement income be higher or lower than the last earned salary? International comparison

Working

Survey average

Survey average

Retired

7

9

7

10

11

49

27

19

18

30

78

76

85

86

86

82

77

86

82

81

81

41

70

59

70

66

62

43

13

14

15

18

27

10

6

6

5

5

4

3

2

19

10

9

12

12

8

19

13

10

12

13

15

15

6

2

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

Germany

Japan

France

Czech Rep.

Switzerland

Belgium

Italy

Hungary

UK

Morocco

Portugal

Spain

Australia

Canada

USA

China

14 20 65 1 15 17 68

Higher As highLowerDK

In most countries, for the majority of the people, the pension will be/ is lower than the last salary earned.Spain is however better positioned than most countries and the best positioned among West-Europeans: for approx. 40% of both workers and retirees, the pension is/will be equal or superior to the last salary (vs on average in Western Europe 22% for the workers and 26% for the retirees).

in %
























28%

50%

22%

Q.23 Working: Do you think that your standard of living will improve, remain the same or decrease after you retire? Retired: Do you think that your standard of living has improved, remained the same or decreased since you retired?


36

1420

16

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "will improve"

29

18 19 22

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "has improved

33%

51%

16%

Working

Retired

Will improve / has improvedWill remain the same / has remained the sameWill decrease / has decreased

II-2. Does retirement mean improved or reduced living standards?Despite the decrease of income, for two third of the Spanish workers and more than 7 retirees out of 10, retirement means stable or improved living standards.

Norte: 41% ;Noroeste: 40%

Este: 60%


10

13

5

7

8

9

9

9

9

10

14

15

16

17

18

18

38

52

51

37

56

34

42

45

46

58

62

48

58

55

50

51

50

32

52

35

44

56

36

57

50

46

45

33

23

37

26

28

31

29

28

33

1

2

22

35

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Japan

Hungary

Germany

Morocco

France

Portugal

Czech Rep.

Belgium

Switzerland

Italy

Canada

UK

USA

Australia

Spain

China

7

12

2

2

6

7

8

10

10

11

12

13

13

15

16

16

16

40

50

35

44

38

60

47

49

60

51

55

37

51

53

48

51

56

37

54

38

63

54

56

33

45

41

30

36

30

50

37

32

36

33

28

21

2

2

43

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Japan

Czech Rep.

Hungary

Switzerland

Germany

France

Belgium

Australia

USA

Portugal

Morocco

Italy

UK

Spain

Canada

China

II-2bis. Does retirement mean improved or reduced living standards? International comparison

Working Retired

Survey average

Will improve / has improvedWill remain the same / has remained the sameWill decrease / has decreased DK

Survey average

A very favourable situation for Spanish retirees: 28% have experienced a decrease of their standards of living vs 35% on average in Western Europe; they come in second position, after the Chinese, if considering the number of people whose standards of living have improved.The working population is optimistic, but closer to the West European average: 67% vs 62% anticipate stable or improved living standards.

17 46 36 15 47 38

in %
























B: 35%; A+B: 30%; D+E: 71%;

Norte: 38%;

B: 65%, A+B: 70%; D+E: 29%;

NORTE: 61%

11

46

39

4

Q.22 Working: Still considering your total retirement income –government and private benefits, savings and company pensions etc-, do you think that the amount of your retirement income will be ...? Retired: Still considering your total retirement income –government and private benefits, savings and company pensions, etc. -, do you think that the amount of your income is ...?

Question not asked to housewivesBase: n=253 working, n= 224 retired

10

41

43

3

3

46

51

43

56

Sufficient

Insufficient

4749

55

46

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "sufficient + completely sufficient

3738 35 43

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "sufficient + completely sufficient

Working Retired

Completely sufficientSufficientInsufficientCompletely insufficientNo answer

II-3. Is/will retirement income be sufficient?

% %

Only 43% of the retirees consider that their retirement income is sufficient. This figure however hides significant discrepancies according to the social class (i.e the level of income): 70% of the A/Bs declare a sufficient income vs 29% of the D/E; 61% of the citizens from the North (vs 43% on average).The situation projected by the working population is similar.

A+B: 57%; D: 26%; D+E: 25%;>100mil inh: 56%

A+B: 38%; B: 36%;D: 67%;D+E: 70%

Levante:9%

B: 25%;A+B: 29%;D: 54%; D+E: 58%

D: 24%; D+E: 23%>100 MIL inh: 53%

B: 58%;A+B: 70%;

NORTE: 55%

B: 23%;A+B: 21%;D+E: 59%;

NORTE: 25%


II-3. Is/will retirement income be sufficient?Similarly, males tend to benefit from or anticipate a sufficient retirement income more than females.

Q.22 Working: Still considering your total retirement income –government and private benefits, savings and company pensions etc-, do you think that the amount of your retirement income will be ...? Retired: Still considering your total retirement income –government and private benefits, savings and company pensions, etc. -, do you think that the amount of your income is ...?


Base: “ALL”: n=253 working, n= 224 retired“Men”: n=148 working, n=143 retired“Women”: n=105 working, n=81 retired

Working Retired

Completely sufficientSufficientInsufficientCompletely insufficientNo answer

9 14

4546

41 37

4 4

111

46

39

4

%

43

57

ALL Men

%Women

%

45

55

41

59

39 11

3944

4639

3 3

310

41

43

3

3

% %ALL Men

%Women

46

51

49

47

42

55


II-3bis. Is/will retirement income be sufficient? International comparison

36

51

33

33

37

23

41

43

43

56

52

64

59

65

66

62

70

66

35

49

19

29

30

34

40

40

46

48

53

57

58

59

60

62

68

80

Central Europe

Western Europe

Japan

Portugal

Hungary

Morocco

Italy

France

Spain

Czech Rep.

Belgium

UK

Germany

Australia

Canada

USA

Switzerland

China

Survey average

48

50

% of "sufficient + completely sufficient"

WorkingRetired

Spain, along with Japan and the other Mediterranean countries covered in this study, is one of the countries where the current and future pensions are perceived by a majority of the people as insufficient.













11 9 18 21

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "knows the amount"

21% of the working population knows the amount of their future retirement income

Q.21 Working: Considering your total retirement income -government and private benefits, savings and company pensions, etc - do you have a good idea of the amount of your future retirement income?

Base: n= 253 working

Working

II-4. Are working people aware of their retirement income?Working people, for most of them, don’t know their future retirement income; even after 55 years old, only one third of the workers are aware of what they will get. However, a slight trend in the last three years to be more informed.

Spain (21%) along with Portugal (16%) is the country with the least knowledge of the amount of the future retirement income.

30

32

15

16

21

22

24

26

26

29

33

33

35

38

38

44

44

54

Central Europe

Western Europe

Morocco

Portugal

Spain

France

Japan

Belgium

Czech Rep.

Hungary

Australia

Italy

China

Canada

UK

Switzerland

USA

Germany

% of "knows the amount"

International comparison

Survey average 34

55 y.o. and over: 34%













37 € Average amount necessary to pay household expenses

Mean amount of all retirement income

1118 1155

Q.21a Retired: What is the total net monthly amount of all your retirement income?Question not asked to housewivesBase: n=224 retired

Q.21b Retired: How much do you need per month for your household expenses?

Base: n= 322 retired

982 975

Mean in € Median income in €

7 €

No answer:

Retired

Among retired people, the average retirement income is not sufficient to cover the household expenses (1118€ vs. 1155€).

Spain is part of the group of countries with a deficit in covering financial needs; although this deficit is not too high, the comparison with countries such as Germany, Switzerland or the USA highlight this situation.

II-5. What is the retirement income for retired? And how does it compare with financial needs?

Retirement income Amount needed Excedent / deficit

Australia 1208 90515171281162299

1892893416

13881364384755

11551756872

1743

303

Belgium 1246 -271

Canada 1638 357

China 116 -45Czech Rep. 331 32France 1530 -362

Germany 1318 425

Hungary 300 -116

Italy 1468 80

Japan 1160 -204Morocco 283 -101Portugal 646 -109

Spain 1118 -37

Switzerland 2410 654

UK 1270 398

USA 2800 1057

•Conversion rates as of July 1st 2007

17% 16%

International comparisonIn € equivalent













30%

46%

24%

Q.25 Working: And do you think that the quality of your life will improve, remain the same or degrade after you retire? Retired: And do you think that the quality of your life has improved, remained the same or degraded since you retire?

Is quality of life linked to the level of retirement income?


2734 30

2004 2005 2006 2007

2732

37

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of “will improve”

% of “has improved”

Working Retired

= =Quality of life:sufficiency

of retirementIncome

57% 54% 22% 66% 47% 13%

17%46%

37%

Working

Retired

Will improve / has improvedWill be the same / has remained the sameWill decrease / has decreased

II-6. Finally, does retirement mean improved or reduced quality of life?A very large majority of the retirees have maintained or even improved their quality of life. The perception of an improvement has significantly increased in the last three years. Working people, in particular males, also anticipate the same or a better quality of life. A sufficient retirement income is a factor allowing a good quality of life.

Male: 39%.;Female: 22%

Male: 37%.; Female: 54%; Norte: 34%; Noroeste: 31%; Este: 57%

Noroeste: 34%

<10mil inh: 35%; Este: 67%

65 y.o. and over: 4%;B: 8%; A+B: 6%; Este: 9%; Andalucia: 29%

Este: 24%

Not asked in 2004

Not asked in 2004


II-6bis. Finally, does retirement mean improved or reduced quality of life? International comparison

29

14

16

17

19

24

28

31

35

35

36

37

41

42

42

41

45

38

33

41

52

62

52

42

56

37

40

54

47

46

36

31

34

44

26

53

55

45

32

21

29

35

15

32

24

11

17

17

24

28

24

15

9

12

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Hungary

Morocco

Portugal

Czech Rep.

Japan

Germany

Italy

Belgium

France

USA

Switzerland

Canada

Spain

UK

China

Australia

13

23

8

9

11

15

18

18

46

50

42

57

58

53

52

52

35

59

46

59

46

51

46

50

47

31

41

27

51

33

31

32

30

30

46

20

28

14

24

21

24

19

21

16

2

2

53

33

30

30

28

28

27

26

20

19

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Hungary

Japan

Czech Rep.

Germany

Italy

Morocco

Portugal

Belgium

France

Switzerland

USA

Canada

Spain

Australia

UK

China

Working Retired

Survey average

Survey average

Will improve / has improvedWill remain the same / has remained the sameWill decrease / has decreased DK

In most countries, retirement means the same or a better quality of life.With 30% of the workers and 37% of the retired people considering that their quality of life will or has improved, Spain is positioned fourth when compared internationally.

26 47 27 27 44 30

in %
























60

2817

19

50

46

2237

21

59

3324

27

51

46

1630

13

Base: n= 307 working, n=322 retired* Statement not asked to housewives / Base: n= 253 working, n= 224 retired

=

Income comparedto last earned

salary*


salary*

Standard of living Quality of life


=

II-7. Summary on financial situation when retiredDespite a decrease of their income, workers and seniors agree that the standard of living and the quality of life are/will be remaining the same or even improving when retiring.Overall, working people are optimistic, but expect slightly less than what the retirees are getting today.

Working

Retired

in %


Base: n= 7947 working, n=7908 retired* Statement not asked to housewives / Base: n= 7167 working, n= 7344 retired

=

Working

Retired


salary*


salary*



=

II-7bis. Summary on financial situation when retiredSurvey average

Average observed on the 26 countries in %

66

3729

17

45

43

1728

17

63

3425

21

46

45

2029

1

16

Across countries, retirement means a lower income. But the standard of living tends to remain the same and the quality of life to be similar or improve. Decrease in salary is bigger than decrease in standard of living, which is bigger than decrease in quality of life.

DK


30%

70%

Q.28 Working: Have you begun to prepare for your retirement? Q.29 Working: At what age did you begin to prepare for your retirement?

Retired: At what age did you begin to prepare for your retirement?Q.30 Working: what age do you think you will start preparing for your retirement?

Questions not asked to housewives

34

50

Working Retired

Base: n=75 Working who began to prepare for retirementn= 223 Retired who prepared for retirement

Average age at which people actually began to prepare for retirement

Working

Expected age to start among those who haven't started

preparing yet: 48 y.o.

The workers who have already begun preparing for retirement

Base: n=253 working

YesNo

46

3433

34

2004 2005 2006 2007

Average age

5351

5050

2004 2005 2006 2007

Average age

3538

39

30

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "Yes"

WorkingRetired

II-8. At what age do people begin preparing for retirement?Among working people, 7 out of 10 have not started to prepare for retirement. As the time to retire is approaching, people start preparing themselves: nearly half of those aged over 54 years have begun. People from the North of the country and upper social classes are more forward-thinking than average.Today, people prepare themselves earlier than in the past: the working people who have started did so at 34 on average, compared to 50 for the retirees.

25-34 y.o.: 18%;45-54 y.o.: 46%;45 y.o. and over: 40%;A: 44%; Norte: 50%;

25-34 y.o.: 82%;45-54 y.o.: 54%;

45 y.o. and over: 60%; A: 56%; Norte: 50%

25-44 y.o: 28 y.o.;45 y.o. and over: 40 y.o.

25-34 y.o.: 42 y.o.;Less than 44 y.o.: 44 y.o.;45 y.o. and over: 59 y.o.;Have children: 52 y.o.Don’t have children: 45 y.o.


55

52

30

32

35

37

38

39

40

50

63

68

71

72

74

75

79

79

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

Spain

Hungary

Morocco

China

Italy

Japan

Portugal

France

Switzerland

Australia

UK

Germany

Canada

Belgium

USA

Czech Rep.

II-8bis. At what age do people begin preparing for retirement? International comparison

40 y.o.

48 y.o.

34 y.o.

27 y.o.

33 y.o.

37 y.o.

38 y.o.

39 y.o.

41 y.o.

47 y.o.

50 y.o.

39 y.o.

42 y.o.

42 y.o.

50 y.o.

48 y.o.

48 y.o.

52 y.o.

32 y.o.

35 y.o.

28 y.o.

30 y.o.

30 y.o.

30 y.o.

30 y.o.

31 y.o.

31 y.o.

31 y.o.

31 y.o.

34 y.o.

34 y.o.

34 y.o.

34 y.o.

35 y.o.

36 y.o.

38 y.o.

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

UK

Italy

Morocco

Canada

USA

Australia

Belgium

Germany

Japan

France

Portugal

Switzerland

Spain

China

Czech Rep.

Hungary

54

% of working people having begun to prepare

Beginning age of preparation for retirement

Survey average 43 y.o.

33 y.o.

% of "Yes" Average age

WorkingRetired

Survey average

Spain is one of the countries where working people prepare their retirement the least and the latest: only 3 out of 10 have done so, compared to 8 out of 10 in countries such as the US or the Czech Republic.
























46

33

40

29

22

23

37

13

17

29

32

16

6

54

46

46

43

40

22

13

40

39

37

31

28

21

Divorce

Retirement of parents

First job

Reaching 30 years old

Advice from friends/relatives

Financial difficulties

Serious illness, accident

Having children

Marriage, serious relationship


Advice from professional, banker, insurer

Tax reforms


% of "Yes"

Q.30b Working: What life events have triggered you or will trigger you to start saving for your retirement? Retired: What life events have triggered you to start saving for your retirement? [SPONTANEOUS PRE-CODED QUESTION]

Base: n=253 working, n=224 retiredWorkingRetired

II-9. What life events will be/have been the triggers to start saving for retirement?For retirees starting saving for retirement has been first of all a matter of life stage: reaching a certain age (firstly 50, secondly 40), getting married…For working people also, but additionally, the advice from professionals and tax considerations represent important triggers.

A+B: 23%; D+E: 52%

25-34 y.o.: 39%; 35-44 y.o.: 18%

D+E: 47%

A: 24%.; A+B: 29%; D+E: 53%; 10-100mil inh: 50%;> 100mil inh: 27%; Este: 27%; Centro: 53%; Norte: 22%

25-34 y.o: 52%, 25-44 y.o: 49%; 45-55 y.o: 28%;45 and over: 26%; 55 yo and over: 24%; Este: 30%;Norte: 28%; > 100 mil inh: 30%Don’t have children/Grand –children: 0%

55 y.o. and over:16%; Norte: 17%

B: 11%; A+B: 12%; Andalucia: 30%; Norte: 8%

55 y.o. and over: 24%

25-34 y.o. 66%; Centro: 66%; Norte: 36%

Noroeste: 34%

Noroeste: 0%

Este: 5%

Noroeste: 37%

D+E: 41%

Andalucia: 35%


Levante: 53%

Andalucia: 28%; Noroeste: 8%



II-9bis. What life events will be/have been the triggers to start saving for retirement? International comparisonFor retirees, the age (reaching 50) comes first, mentioned among the three first triggers in most countries, often in first position; then come the family events, marriage or having children, often in second position. The other reasons are more spread out: first job (5 countries), advice from professionals (3 countries) and friends (1 country), tax reform (1 country),…For the workers, age (still 50) remains the first trigger, followed by family events. But these two types of reasons are less present and besides advice from professionals (7 countries) and from friends (4 countries) as well as tax reform (5 countries) have gained importance.Triggers in Spain are close to average.

* Denotes more than one item at 3rd position.

Working1st 2nd 3rd

Australia Advice from prof. (49%)

Tax reforms (47%)

Reaching 50 y. o. (46%)

Belgium Tax reforms (57%)

Advice from prof. (52%)Advice from prof. (47%)

Serious illness, accident (65%)

Advice from friends (21%)Tax reforms

(45%)Marriage (46%)

Financial difficulties (50%)

Marriage (40%)


Marriage (31%)

Reaching 50 y. o. (41%)Tax reforms

(46%)Advice from

friends (37%)

Marriage (45%)

Having children (56%)Reaching 50 y. o. (26%)Tax reforms

(39%)

TOP 3 Survey average

Havingchildren(47%)

Reaching 50 y.o. (42%)

Financial difficult. (41%)

Advice from friends (42%)

Canada Advice from friends (47%)

Having children (44%)

China Reaching 50 y. o. (75%)


Czech Rep. Advice from prof. (35%)


France Reaching 50 y. o. (49%)


Germany Having children (50%)

Advice from prof. (44%)

Hungary Reaching 50 y. o. (52%)

Having children (34%)*

Italy Having children (46%)

Tax reforms (36%)

Japan Reaching 50 y. o. (51%)

Having children (44%)*

Morocco Having children (49%)

Financial difficult. (31%)

Portugal Serious illness, accident (42%)


Spain Reaching 50 y. o. (54%)


Switzerland Advice from prof. (38%)


UKJoin company

with good pension (68%)

Reaching 50 y. o. (43%)*

USA Reaching 40 y. o. (58%)

Marriage (55%)*

Central Europe Financial difficulties (27%)

Tax reforms (26%)

Western Europe Having children (41%)



Marriage (50%)



Marriage (40%)


3rd2nd1st

Retired

Marriage(32%)

Havingchildren(36%)

Reaching50 y.o. (36%)




First job (22%)











Marriage (35%)


First job(28%)

Marriage (29%)



Marriage (34%)

Join company with good

pension (54%)



First job (22%)


Marriage (29%)First job (48%)



Marriage (30%)

First job (36%)



Marriage (23%)*

First job (30%)


Marriage (37%)

Advice from friends (12%)*


Tax reforms (41%)





Tax reforms (38%)

Marriage (27%)*














Q31 Working: From a financial point of view, what do you do to secure your retirement income? Please, consider your total retirement income -government and private benefits, savings and company pensions etc. Retired: From a financial point of view, what had you done to secure your retirement income? Please, consider your total retirement income -government and private benefits, savings and company pensions etc AIDED QUESTION

Question not asked to housewivesBase: n=253 working, n=224 retired

28

16

29

62

69

90

22

25

31

31

32

33

70

75

94

44

16

33

% of “Yes”

Contribute according to legalobligations

Employer contributevoluntarily

Contribute throughemployer

Contribute to a life insurance plan

Put money aside in stocks, bonds, funds,…

Have / had an individualpension saving scheme

(Personal pension)

Invest in real estate / property

WorkingRetired

II-10. What people do/did to secure their retirement income? For the two populations, contributing according to legal obligations is the first way to ensuring a pension (94% workers and 90% retired), followed by the employer’s voluntary contribution and the contribution through the employer. Retirees also favoured saving accounts/deposit and stocks/bonds.Workers, especially after 45 y.o. multiply the means, notably with individual pension schemes.

Contribute to a savinginsurance plan

Putting money in savingaccounts/deposit

45-54 y.o.: 87%; Este: 60%

45-54 y.o.: 80%; Este: 51%; Centro: 81%

25-34 y.o.: 21%; 25-44 y.o.: 23%; 45 y.o. and over: 49%; 45-54 y.o.: 46%; 55 y.o. and over: 55%, Norte: 46%

A+B: 50%; D: 76% ,Noroeste: 81%; Andalucia: 78%

D: 15%; D+E: 12%, Noroeste: 44%

A+B: 50%; B: 50%; D: 17%; D+E: 14%, Don't have Children/Grand-Children: 50%, >100Mil inh: 44%

B: 54%, Noroeste: 85%

A+B: 41%; B: 44%; D: 12%; D+E: 9%; Don't have Children/Grand-Children: 50%; Norte: 41%; <10Mil inh: 16%: >100Mil inh: 39%

Don't have Children/Grand-Children: 63%

A+B: 33%; B: 33%, Don't have Children/Grand-Children: 31%

Centro: 96%

Norte: 32%

Norte: 26%


II-10bis. How do working people secure their retirement income? International comparisonIn all countries, pensions remain ensured by the legal contributions for at least 8 people out of 10 (except Morocco). Then come life insurance and contributions through employer.In Spain, the Employer has a particularly important role in the constitution of pensions (Employer’s contribution 2nd, Contribution via employer 3rd).

Working1st 2nd 3rd

AustraliaContribute in line with

compulsory superannuation requirements (84%)

Personal superannuation plan or retirement savings account

(59%)

Contribute voluntarily through employer (53%)

Belgium Contribute according to legal obligations (83%)

Put money in savings account (71%)

Subscribe to a saving scheme with fiscal advantages (RRSP)

(68%)Employer contributes

complementary retirement insurance for you (62%)

Contribute to a life insurance plan (55%)




Employer contributes voluntarily for you (36%)

Have an individual annuity (70%)

Contribute through employer (31%)



Contribute through occupational pension (81%)




Canada Contribute to government pension programs (74%)


China Contribute according to legal obligations (79%)


Czech Rep. Contribute according to legal obligations (82%)

Employer contributes voluntarily for you (42%)*

France Contribute according to legal obligations (64%)


Germany Contribute according to legal obligations (80%)


Hungary Contribute according to legal obligations (92%)

Have an individual pension saving scheme (41%)

Italy Contribute according to legal obligations (83%)


Japan Contribute according to legal obligations (89%)


Morocco Contribute according to legal obligations (38%)


Portugal Contribute according to legal obligations (94%) Invest in real estate (50%)

Spain Contribute according to legal obligations (94%)


Switzerland Contribute to State Pension (92%)

Have a supplementary pension (51%)

UK Contribute according to legal obligations (90%)

Employer contributes voluntarily for you (58%)*

USA Contribute to Social Security (91%)

Put money aside in stocks, bonds, funds, certificates of

deposit (66%)














II-10bis. How did retired people secure their retirement income? International comparisonFor retirees as for workers, legal contributions have been the first mean to ensure their retirement income. Then comes the Employers contributions more important than it is today for workers, while personal contributions (life insurance, contribution through employer) were less important than today.In Spain, the Employer had an important role in the constitution of pensions, as it still has today.

Retired1st 2nd 3rd

AustraliaContribute in line with

compulsory superannuation requirements (62%)



deposit (41%)

Belgium Contribute according to legal obligations (71%)

Put money in savings account (70%)

Subscribe to a saving scheme with fiscal advantages (RRSP)

(74%)Employer contributes

complementary retirement insurance for you (51%)







Contribute through your employer (66%)

Invest in real estate (33%)


Contribute through occupational pension (75%)




Canada Contribute to government pension programs (83%)


China Contribute according to legal obligations (72%)


Czech Rep. Contribute according to legal obligations (75%)


France Contribute according to legal obligations (65%) Invest in real estate (45%)

Germany Contribute according to legal obligations (76%)


Hungary Contribute according to legal obligations (90%)


Italy Contribute according to legal obligations (79%)

Contribute voluntarily through employer (26%)*

Japan Contribute according to legal obligations (92%)


Morocco Contribute according to legal obligations (74%)


Portugal Contribute according to legal obligations (91%)


Spain Contribute according to legal obligations (90%)


Switzerland Contribute to State Pension (88%)


deposit (49%)

UK Contribute according to legal obligations (88%)


USA Contribute to Social Security (92%)


deposit (65%)*















Q.32 Working: How much do you save per month for your retirement? [SPONTANEOUS QUESTION]

Q.32 Retired: How much did you save per month for your retirement? Please consider all your retirement savings

Base: n=223 retired who prepared for retirementBase: n=75 working who have begun to prepare for retirement,

196

115 105

30

Average monthly amount saved for retirement

Mean in € Median amount in €

“No answer / Do not remember”

19% 55%

208

172 162 196

2004 2005 2006 2007

Average monthly amount savedfor retirement

303

232

115

2004 2005 2006 2007

Average monthly amount savedfor retirement

WorkingRetired

II-11. How much do/did people save per month for retirement?Workers save more today than their elder did. Retired people from the East of the country saved significantly more than average.

D+E: 61 €Este: 211 €

Not available


II-11bis. How much do people save per month for retirement? International comparisonToday as yesterday, Spaniards are among those who save the least for their retirement. Among West Europeans, they position themselves in last position.

* Conversion rates as of July 1st, 2007

228

241

246

302

305

333

395

444

474

28

203

110

118

196

77

473

Czech Rep.

Hungary

China

Morocco

Spain

Italy

Belgium

France

Portugal

UK

Germany

Canada

Japan

Australia

USA

Switzerland

148

166

191

230

249

319

424

24

58

115

130

138

382

501

442

54

Czech Rep.

Hungary

China

Spain

France

Morocco

Italy

UK

Germany

Portugal

Belgium

Australia

Japan

USA

Canada

Switzerland

Working Retired(Equiv. €*)

























Q.32d Working and Retired: In your view, which of these would be of more interest to you as a retirement product?

A high return, but with a financial riskA minimum return without any financial risk

6 72004 2005 2006 2007

% of "high return with financial risk"

812

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "high return with financial risk"

Not asked

in 2006N

ot askedin 2006

12%

78%

9%

7%

81%

Working

Retired

A high return, but with a financial riskA minimum return without any financial risk

II-12. What is the preferred financial product for retirement?The Spaniards demonstrate a clear aversion to risk and prefer to receive less money if this means avoiding taking financial risks.

35-44 yo: 88%; Female: 89%


Female: 89%; 10-100Mil inh: 71%

Female: 0%

55 y.o. and over: 21%;A: 0%

Not asked

in 2004N

ot askedin 2004


II-12bis. What is the preferred financial product for retirement? International comparisonGenerally speaking, the large majority prefers safety. The working population includes slightly more risk takers than that of the retirees. The Spanish, the Portuguese and the British are the most risk adverse.

9

11

6

7

8

9

10

10

10

11

12

12

12

12

18

25

35

19

15

20

40

38

8

17

28

18

13

74

64

61

83

81

73

79

75

70

50

51

80

71

62

59

69

71

60

3

13

16

30

11

12

12

25

10

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

Portugal

UK

Spain

Czech Rep.

France

Belgium

Switzerland

Hungary

Japan

Australia

Germany

China

Morocco

Italy

Canada

USA

13

18

12

13

14

15

16

17

17

17

18

24

28

29

29

14

12

15

12

19

77

68

77

54

83

78

75

77

70

78

77

71

69

63

66

62

64

63

9

9

12

10

14

36

5

9

9

7

5

15

10

10

6

8

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

Portugal

Morocco

UK

Spain

Germany

Italy

Switzerland

France

Belgium

Japan

Czech Rep.

Hungary

China

Canada

USA

Australia

Working Retired

Survey average

Survey average

A high return, but with a financial risk DKA minimum return without any financial risk

17 11 71 11 19 70

in %
























Q.26 Working and Retired: In your opinion, who do you think should be responsible for providing retirement income ?

[AIDED QUESTION]


94

59

57

94

48

45

The government

The individual

The employer

91 93 95 94

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "Yes"

90 93 93 94

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "Yes"

37 3547 45

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "Yes"

3831

4457

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "Yes"

4238 43 48

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "Yes"

4835

4959

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "Yes"

WorkingRetired

II-13. Who should provide retirement income?A general consensus over the Government’s responsibility in providing retirement income (94%). This percentage increases amongst the working women (97%) and the retired people from the East of the country (99%).The Employer’s and the individual’s role remain secondary but have tended to increase in the last years.

Female: 97%, Don’t have children/ Grand-children: 88%, Levante: 83%,

Este: 99%; Noroeste: 89%

Este: 56%,

Don’t have children/ Grand-children: 44%, Andalucia: 70%,


II-13bis. Who should provide retirement income? InternationalcomparisonEverywhere the State is supposed to keep a central role. However in some countries (typically the Anglo-Saxon countries), the individual’s responsibility is considered as important or even more, whereas in others (e.g. Southern and Eastern Europe) the individual’s responsibility is less important than that of the government. Spain, who belongs to the second group is, together with Italy, one of the countries where the individual's responsibility is the weakest.

52

67

30

57

53

48

57

52

59

69

74

74

77

77

88

87

83

82

60

68

41

45

52

59

64

66

67

68

72

76

79

81

85

86

87

89

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Italy

Spain

Morocco

Hungary

Portugal

China

Czech Rep.

France

Belgium

Japan

Germany

USA

Switzerland

Canada

Australia

UK

46

65

40

35

47

43

50

59

66

63

68

67

76

80

67

71

70

86

40

60

31

36

43

44

44

48

58

60

61

66

66

70

71

71

73

77

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Japan

Italy

Czech Rep.

Australia

Hungary

Spain

Germany

Portugal

UK

Morocco

China

Canada

USA

Belgium

France

Switzerland

85

85

55

73

73

77

79

77

77

87

89

74

83

90

93

90

91

94

83

85

63

72

75

77

77

80

81

81

82

84

84

87

90

91

91

94

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

USA

Japan

Australia

Canada

Germany

Switzerland

Morocco

Italy

China

France

UK

Portugal

Hungary

Czech Rep.

Belgium

Spain

Survey average 82

80

61

58Survey average 66

70Survey average

The government The employer The individual


WorkingRetired



































34

9

8

8

40

43

24

10

3

21

Q.37bis Working and Retired: Which of the following do you think best describes the financial situation of Social Security today? (New in 2007)

Base: n= 307 working, n= 322 retired

% of in trouble = « crisis » + « serious trouble » + « some trouble »

%

77

%

52

40

7777

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "in trouble"

40 52

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "in trouble"

Working Retired

21

It is in crisisIt is in serious troubleIt is in some troubleIt is not in trouble at allNo answer

II-14. How do people view the status of Social Security today?Working people seem to be more pessimistic than their elder about the current situation of Social Security system (77% vs. 52%), especially women.The number of retired people who believe that there are problems in the social security system increased compared to the previous year (52% vs. 40% in 2006).

55yo over: 66 %, Male: 68%; Female: 85%

Male: 29%; Female: 13%

Male: 40%; Female: 61%,A+B: 63%; D+E: 40%,Norte: 41%;

Male: 53%; Female: 30%

D+E: 8%

Not asked in 2004 and 2005


Levante: 60%

Male: 5%

A: 37%

Male: 26%


II-14bis. How do people view the status of Social security today? International comparisonAlthough pessimistic, Spaniards are the least negative among West Europeans when assessing their social security system, particularly the retirees.

76

77

62

58

61

64

52

70

62

69

87

83

85

82

84

92

90

94

87

89

65

75

75

76

77

79

82

85

90

91

93

94

94

96

97

98

Central Europe

Western Europe

Morocco

Canada

China

Australia

Spain

Czech Rep.

Switzerland

Belgium

UK

Italy

USA

Portugal

Hungary

France

Germany

Japan

% of in trouble: "Crisis + serious trouble + some trouble"

Survey average

65

77

WorkingRetired













76%

24%

63%37%

56

43

61

42

Base:

Q.38 Working and Retired: Do you expect a major retirement reform in the next 10 years?Q.39 Working and Retired: Will the reform result in…?

n233= working, n= 202 retired who believe there will be a retirement reform in the next 10 years

6453

7076

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "Yes"


45

26

5563

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "Yes"

Increasing the number of years that one must work

Reduction of public pension benefits

Working

RetiredYesNo

Expected reform would result in:

YesNo

WorkingRetired

II-15. Do people expect a retirement reform in the next 10 years?The upwards trend of the Spanish expecting their retirement system to be reformed is maintained (76% working people and 63% retired people). This will essentially involve having to work for more years (61% workers and 56% seniors).

A+B: 78%; D:43%, D+E: 41%, Noroeste: 69%, 10-100Mil inh: 43%; >100Mil inh: 74%

Andalucia: 46%

A+B: 49%; B: 49%, Andalucia: 80%

A+B: 51%; B: 51%, Andalucia: 20%


II-15bis. Do people expect a retirement reform in the next 10 years? International comparisonIn the majority of the countries the respondents would expect a social security reform, especially among working people.Italians, Chinese, French people and Spaniards are those who expect the most that reform.

52

54

27

41

29

49

43

64

55

54

60

52

48

61

63

76

78

73

60

69

38

53

55

55

59

60

62

68

70

71

72

75

76

84

85

86

Central Europe

Western Europe

Germany

Canada

Portugal

USA

Hungary

Japan

Czech Rep.

UK

Morocco

Australia

Switzerland

Belgium

Spain

France

China

Italy

Survey average

% of "Yes"

57

66

WorkingRetired













43

53

13

43

57

40

53

59

43

56

45

54

58

66

58

67

78

82

49

63

15

42

52

54

55

58

63

63

65

67

71

72

73

79

87

94

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

China

Spain

Morocco

Portugal

Italy

Czech Rep.

Canada

Hungary

Belgium

France

UK

USA

Switzerland

Australia

Germany

Japan

II-15bis. What would expected reform result in? International comparison

All countries expect an increase in the number of years at work and a reduction of the public pension benefits. Spain is at the end of the list for both measures.

72

75

69

77

50

57

42

56

77

78

78

81

79

85

81

70

90

92

83

84

71

78

49

53

56

61

73

79

80

80

83

83

84

86

88

89

91

91

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

China

Portugal

Morocco

Spain

Italy

Hungary

USA

Canada

Czech Rep.

Switzerland

Belgium

Germany

Japan

France

UK

Australia

Increase in number of years at work

Reduction of public pension benefits

Survey average

Survey average

% of "Yes" % of "Yes"

WorkingRetired

51

57
























83%

17%

Q.39b Working and Retired: Should we have one common pension system for all the European Union countries?


80%

20%

Working Retired

YesNo

78 80

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "Yes"86 83

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "Yes"

YesNo

WorkingRetired

II-16. Should the European Union Countries have a common pension system ?8 Spaniards out of 10 believe that the European Union countries should have the same pension system. This opinion increases substantially among the workers of 55 and over (92%) and decreases among those who do not have children (72%) and those who live in the North part of the country (67%).

55yo & over: 92%, Don’t have children/ Grand-children: 72%, Norte: 67%

55 y.o. and over: 8%,Don’t have children/Grand-children: 28%, Norte: 33%




II-16bis. Should the European Union Countries have a common pension system ? European Union comparison

19

42

42

62

65

77

74

66

80

83

88

21

38

40

47

51

61

63

64

78

80

86

CzechRepublic

Germany

UK

France

Belgium

Italy

Slovakia

Hungary

Poland

Spain

Portugal

% of "Yes"

Portugal, Spain and Poland are the countries which support the most the creation of a common pension system, whereas the Germans and Czechs are more negative in this regard.

WorkingRetired







http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Poland.svg


Is retirement a happy period in life? What factors influence this? Working vs. Retired

- III -

- happiness- health- inheritance- different perceptions between men and women


29

28

61

29

27

62

Q.2 Working and Retired: Overall, to what extent do you consider yourself to be happy? Do you feel …

9


91 90

%%

34

2133 29

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "very happy"

10

2417 20

29

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "very happy"

Working Retired

Very happyQuite happyNot really HappyNot happy at all

WorkingRetired

III-1. Are people happy?Overall, Spanish people are very happy or quite happy (91% workers and 90% retired).The proportion of very happy retired people increased compared to the previous year (29% vs. 20%).

Andalucia: 18%

Andalucia: 82%

A: 42%;Noroeste; 20%

Andalucia: 51%

Norte: 5%


75

86

56

66

85

90

94

80

83

85

90

91

87

91

93

96

89

93

84

91

70

86

88

89

89

90

90

90

91

91

92

92

94

94

95

96

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Hungary

Portugal

China

USA

Canada

Italy

Morocco

Germany

Spain

Japan

France

UK

Australia

Switzerland

Czech Rep.

Belgium

III-1bis. Are people happy? International comparisonIn most countries a very large majority of the people, working and retired, feel happy or very happy. The level of happiness in Spain is comparable to the West European average.

Survey average

% of "very happy + happy"

14

29

6

9

16

17

19

18

18

28

29

34

40

40

35

44

48

43

17

28

13

13

19

19

20

23

24

27

29

31

31

32

36

38

39

40

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Portugal

Hungary

Japan

Italy

Morocco

Czech Rep.

China

Germany

Spain

France

Australia

UK

Belgium

Switzerland

Canada

USA

Survey average

% of "very happy "

WorkingRetired

29

29

86

91
























Very happy (=29%, n=89)

Quite happy + unhappy

(=71%, n=218)

Very happy(=29%, n=93)


(=71%, n=229)

Q.22 Sufficient retirement income

Q.43 % of healthy people

92% 91% 90% 80%

Q.29 Retired: Beginning age for having prepared for retirement

Q.28 Working: % of working having prepared for retirement

* (low base n<30)

≠ significant discrepancy between very happy and quite happy + unhappy people

48 years 51 years

≠

37% 27%

Not asked to housewives

45% 46% 42%47%


Working Retired

Q.29 Working: Beginning age to prepare for retirement

34 years 35 years

III-2. What factors influence happiness?

For retirees, feeling in good health is the factor which has the most influence on happiness.


III-2bis. What factors influence happiness?Survey average

Very happy (=29%, n=2305)

Quite happy + unhappy (=71%, n=5642)

Very happy

(=29%, n=2293)


(=71%, n=5615)

Q.22 Sufficient retirement income

Q.28 Working: % of working having prepared for retirement

Q.29 Retired: Beginning age for having prepared for retirement

* (low base n<30)

≠ significant discrepancy between very happy and quite happy + unhappy people

57% 51%


63% 60% 45%49%


Working Retired

Q.29 Working: Beginning age to prepare for retirement

Q.43 % of healthy people

94% 87% 86% 68%≠

42 years 44 years≠

≠

32 years 34 years≠

≠

≠

≠

The results in all surveyed countries show that, generally speaking, the most happy retirees are those who feel healthy, have been provident early for their retirement and have a sufficient income to enjoy their retirement years. Similarly, the “very happy” working people tend to be prepared for retirement, earlier than the others, and anticipate a sufficient retirement income.


Q.43 Working and Retired: Do you feel ...?


% %

1

16

67

16

18

60

31

91

9

83

17

31 26 31

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "very healthy"

18 17 162004 2005 2006 2007

% of "very healthy"

Working Retired

Very healthyRather healthyRather unhealthyVery unhealthy

WorkingRetired

III-3. Do people feel healthy?In Spain, a majority of people feel very healthy or rather healthy, notably the workers (91%), more specifically those from the upper and upper-middle classes (97%). The retirees also feel in good condition, particularly those aged under 65 and those from the North of the country.

<10Mil inh: 74%

<10Mil inh: 26%

A+B: 97%

A+B: 3%

Andalucia: 41%

Andalucia: 44%

55 y.o. and over: 16%B: 2%; A+B: 2%

Not asked

in 2004

Not asked

in 2004Under 65 y.o.: 25%D+E: 9%Norte: 32%

Norte: 52%

Levante: 5%


52

71

68

43

67

75

77

45

60

73

80

83

74

81

83

76

73

87

82

88

82

83

84

85

85

86

86

88

88

89

90

91

91

93

94

94

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Belgium

Hungary

Czech Rep.

UK

Japan

Portugal

France

China

Australia

Canada

Germany

USA

Spain

Italy

Morocco

Switzerland

III-3bis. Do people feel healthy? International comparisonIn most countries a large majority of the people feel very healthy or rather healthy. In Spain, compared to the West European average, retirees are less numerous to feel “very healthy” (16%vs 21%).

Survey average

% of "very healthy + rather healthy"

8

21

5

33

14

16

33

9

22

19

14

30

25

33

10

15

40

39

30

34

19

28

29

31

33

34

34

35

36

37

39

42

43

45

45

48

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Portugal

Australia

China

Spain

UK

Czech Rep.

Belgium

Germany

France

Japan

Italy

Switzerland

Hungary

Morocco

Canada

USA

Survey average

% of "very healthy"

WorkingRetired

23

37

73

89
























Q.47 Working and Retired: How would you rate the quality of health care you receive in your country ?


%

6

52

18

24

3

14

60

23

7083

17

%

30

Working Retired

Very satisfactoryRather satisfactoryRather unsatisfactoryCompletely unsatisfactory

17 17 18

2004 2005 2006 2007

% of "very satisfactory"

2620 23

2004 2005 2006 2007


WorkingRetired

III-4. Are people satisfied with health care in their country?Both working and retired people, are satisfied with the quality of the health care system in Spain (70% and 83% respectively).Among workers, people from the North of the country seem to be more satisfied than average (80%).Satisfaction is also very high among retirees living in North of the country (91%).

Don’t have children/ Grand-children: 71%Norte: 91%; Noroeste: 69%

Don’t have children grand children: 29%, Norte: 9%; Noroeste: 31%

Norte: 80%

Norte: 20%

A: 68%A+B: 64%

Not asked

in 2004

Not asked

in 2004

Male: 16%Female: 31%

Andalucia: 35%

Andalucia: 45%

Levante: 5%Noroeste: 25%Norte: 7%

Levante: 10%<10 MIL inh: 0%


III-4bis. Are people satisfied with health care in their country? International comparisonDespite the fact that Spaniards are satisfied with the health care in their country, only 2 out of 10 feel “very satisfied”, a proportion close to the West European average, but still far from countries such as Switzerland, Belgium or France.

10

25

9

15

13

22

23

19

42

42

33

41

37

45

7

22

5

6

8

8

14

18

18

20

29

29

31

32

34

41

2

3

3

2

3

Central Europe

Western Europe

Portugal

Hungary

China

Morocco

Italy

Japan

Germany

Australia

Spain

Czech Rep.

UK

Canada

France

USA

Belgium

Switzerland

Survey average

21

18


WorkingRetired













54%34%12%

79%

9%12%

Q.G Working: When you will retire, do you think you will...?Q.H Retired: Do you ... ?



Working Retired

Use your savingsMaintain savings to pass them on to heirsDon’t know yet

III-5. Will people use their savings or leave inheritance to others?

Retirees are more generous than working people when it comes to leaving inheritance to others (34% vs. 12% respectively).

55yo & over: 18%, Don’t have children/ Grand-children: 2%

Have children/ Grand-children: 71%; Don’t have children/ Grand-children: 90%, Este: 88%

Este: 5%

Noroeste: 24%

Don’t have children/ Grand-children: 13%,

Noroeste: 19%


III-5bis. Will people use their savings or leave inheritance to others? International comparisonSpanish workers are among the most inclined to use their savings instead of leaving inheritance to their heirs.Spanish retirees, with one-third prepared to maintain savings to pass them on to their heirs are closer to the West European average.

49

56

17

29

32

35

37

41

49

51

52

52

53

54

54

58

66

75

37

28

65

62

36

53

41

48

34

36

32

39

27

33

34

35

23

14

16

9

12

12

16

13

16

9

13

12

8

11

3

18

32

22

20

22

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

China

Australia

Portugal

France

USA

Belgium

Germany

Canada

Czech Rep.

Hungary

Japan

Italy

Spain

UK

Switzerland

Morocco

53

54

20

20

30

39

39

42

42

43

53

53

60

63

63

68

75

79

29

29

31

68

10

41

50

30

54

36

37

41

24

27

30

18

14

12

12

11

4

21

10

7

16

10

7

13

12

9

19

16

49

60

20

27

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Portugal

China

Morocco

Hungary

France

Czech Rep.

Australia

Italy

USA

Belgium

Japan

Canada

UK

Switzerland

Germany

Spain

Working Retired

Survey average

Survey average

Use your savingsMaintain savings to pass them on to heirsDon’t know yet

48 34 17 47 37 16

in %
























Q.41b Working and Retired: I will now read out some statements about retirement. For each of them, please tell me if you think this statement best applies to men or women……. ?


18

16

19

50

31

39

47

37

66

17

35

26

7

4

4

60

51

56

28

36

34

28

26

23

11

53

1818

74

50

38

35

32

32

22

2220

30

29

24

16

25

13

1920

20

21

31

27

30

34

19

25

5

4

3

3

3

3

11

3

3

3

2

3

4

3

4

2

3

13

25

26

29

36

20

35

64

59

58w ill be best prepared psychologically

w ill be most socially active

w ill be most active during retirement

w ill suffer most from marriage or relationshipproblems

w ill have a better life during retirement

w ill be best prepared financially for retirement

w ill be most f inancially independent

w ill be most lonely

w ill suffer the most from health problems

w ill suffer the most from boredom duringretirement

in %

Retired

Working

III-6. Differences between men and women regarding retirement: the vision of working vs. retiredOverall, females are perceived as living their retirement better than males do: they are better prepared psychologically, more active, including from a social point of view while males may suffer from boredom and loneliness. Workers also believe that males risk more to suffer from health problems.

MenNo differenceDKWomen




III-6bis. Differences between men and women regarding retirement: the vision of working vs retiredSurvey average


in %

Retired

Working

22

28

20

23

40

43

41

38

54

28

39

38

29

28

27

29

35

23

74

63

85

159

63

254

85

74

75

84

54

49

33

28

45

29

26

25

17

16

50

2121

59

44

43

43

27

27

26

23

20

2125

28

27

26

24

25

36

37

24

14

19

23

21

7

43

26

25

44

46… are / w ill be best prepared psychologically

… are / w ill be most socially active

… have / w ill have a better life duringretirement

… suffer / w ill suffer most from marriage orrelationship problems

… are / w ill be most active during retirement

… are / w ill be best prepared f inancially forretirement

… are / w ill be most lonely

… are / w ill be most f inancially independent

… suffer / w ill suffer the most from healthproblems

… suffer / w ill suffer the most from boredomduring retirement

Overall women, although in a less favourable financial situation, live better in retirement than men do. They remain more active and keep up an active social life, whereas men, less well prepared to a different pace of life, have more difficulty in developing social networks and interests away from the workplace. Men would also be more prone to health problems.



in %


III-7. Differences between men and women regarding retirement: the vision of menFor males, workers and retired, on the one hand males may suffer more than females from boredom, loneliness, also from health problems – a strong fear among workers, and are less active than females; on the other hand, they are better prepared financially, more financially independent, and in retirees opinion, less inclined to have marriage problems. Male retirees think they have a better life during retirement than females, while worker’s opinions are divided.

22

22

51

24

41

40

46

44

54

37

25

21

4

3

9

2

2

4

3

3

49

22

31

18

30

32

34

36

40

41

48

65

2727

64

30

23

19

31

30

24

21

14

30

34

32

26

17

16

2820

15

2

3

4

3

3

5

8

4

6

5

6

9

47

50

33

26

31

41

52

56

14

31

23

24

24

6

1617

w ill be best prepared psychologically









w ill suffer the most from boredom duringretirement

Retired

Working




in %


III-7bis. Differences between men and women regarding retirement: the vision of womenFemales are convinced that males suffer above all from boredom during retirement, also from loneliness.

47

31

38

15

25

50

16

12

10

3

5

4

2

21

30

34

38

55

12

8275

9

15

30

30

28

36

44

52

29

33

27

25

24

27

18

15

1518

1113

23

28

30

28

34

30

23

25

1

5

6

3

2

4

3

2

2

2

1

13

2

2

2

26

28

37

62

7073

2

64

26

45

39

34

43

27

10w ill suffer the most from boredom during

retirement









w ill be best prepared psychologicallyRetired

Working



The Global Warming: opinions, responsibilities, willingness to change habits

- IV -


Q.50 Working and Retired: How concerned are you by climate change and global warming?

Working Retired

17 11

4

2225

19

4034

47

30 29 31

%

70

29

%ALL Men

%Women

Very concernedFairly concernedA little concernedNot at all concerned No answer

IV-1. Are people concerned by climate change / global warming?Spanish people feel concerned about climate change and global warming.A greater degree of sensitivity towards the environment among working people (70% vs. 56% retirees), especially females (78%).

63

37

78

23

213 17

10

3029

31

38 3640

18 16 20

1

%

56

43

%ALL Men

%Women

52

45

59

41



IV-1bis. Are people concerned by climate change / global warming? International comparisonIn Spain, the degree of concern is at the average European level as far as the working population is concerned, lower if considering the retirees.

59

67

49

60

59

52

57

74

65

63

69

56

74

66

70

93

80

79

57

72

53

54

58

59

60

64

65

66

66

70

70

72

76

84

87

89

Central Europe

Western Europe

USA

Germany

Czech Rep.

Australia

Morocco

Hungary

UK

Belgium

China

Spain

Canada

Switzerland

Italy

Japan

France

Portugal

Survey average

67

70

% of "very concerned + fairly concerned"

34

31

26

33

26

38

18

33

24

28

45

27

37

56

40

43

36

42

30

34

18

25

26

28

30

31

32

33

33

35

37

38

40

43

46

53

Central Europe

Western Europe

Switzerland

Germany

Belgium

China

Spain

Morocco

Australia

UK

Hungary

USA

Czech Rep.

Japan

Italy

Canada

France

Portugal

Survey average

35

35

% of "very concerned"

WorkingRetired
























Q.51 Working and Retired: When you hear about climate change and global warming, which of these things come to your mind? [AIDED QUESTION]


61

74

75

72

72

86

6

59

59

64

66

70

78

4None of these

No seasons anymore

Fire, storms

Rise of sea levels

Disappearance ofanimal and

botanical species

More dramaticmeteorological

events

Droughts, watershortage

% of « Yes »

WorkingRetired

IV-2. What ideas come to mind when talking about climate change/global warming?The most direct consequences of climate change or global warming , have to do with meteorological changes, like droughts, drastic changes in the weather, the extinction of animal and vegetable species…

D+E: 88%

Under 65 yo: 94%, Norte: 71%

Este: 63%; Norte: 59%

55 yo and over: 50%

45-55yo: 77%, A+B: 55%; B: 51%

Este: 65%; Norte: 61%, Don't have Children/Grand-Children: 94%

Andalucia: 76%

Norte: 58%

55yo and over: 44%, Male: 51%; Female:67%, A: 45%, A+B:49%; D:74%, D+E: 73%, Andalucia: 69%A+B: 48%, Norte: 47%; Levante: 74%; Noroeste: 70%

A+B: 46%; B: 44%; D: 74%; D+E: 73%, Centro: 72%

Este: 60%; Norte: 60%

45-54 yo: 1%;55 yo and over: 14%


IV-2bis. What ideas come to mind when talking about climate change/global warming? International comparison

Working1st 2nd 3rd

Australia Droughts, water shortage (72%)

Rise of sea levels (61%)

More dramatic meteo events (57%)

Belgium More dramatic meteo events (64%)

Droughts, water shortage (61%)


More dramatic meteoevents (64%)



Fire, storms (61%)




No seasons any more (29%)





Disappearance of animal species

(48%)



TOP 3 Survey averageDroughts,

water shortage

(66%)

More dramaticmeteo events

(59%)

Rise of sealevels (55%)


(59%)*

Canada More dramatic meteo events (73%)


(64%)*

China Droughts, water shortage (76%)


Czech Rep. More dramatic meteo events (61%)


France More dramatic meteo events (88%)


(79%)

Germany Droughts, water shortage (64%)


Hungary No seasons any more (62%)


Italy Droughts, water shortage (42%)


Japan More dramatic meteo events (94%)


Morocco Droughts, water shortage (64%)

Rise of sea levels (29%)*

Portugal Droughts, water shortage (61%) Fire, storms (48%)

Spain Droughts, water shortage (78%)


(66%)

Switzerland More dramatic meteo events (61%)


UK Rise of sea levels (80%)


(71%)*

USA Droughts, water shortage (61%)


Central Europe More dramatic meteo events (61%)


Western Europe Droughts, water shortage (64%)


Retired1st 2nd 3rd



More dramatic meteoevents (50%)*

Fire, storms (65%) More dramatic meteoevents (59%)









Fire, storms (23%)

Fire, storms (54%)





(44%)



Droughts, water

shortage(64%)

More dramaticmeteo events

(56%)

Fire, storms(52%)


Droughts, water shortage (68%) Fire, storms (61%)*



(54%)



More dramatic meteo events (83%) Fire, storms (76%)

Fire, storms (64%) Droughts, water shortage (61%)











Droughts, water shortage (86%) Fire, storms (74%)




Droughts, water shortage (70%)*


More dramatic meteo events (57%) Fire, storms (44%)



People from most of the countries firstly think about droughts or water shortage, dramatic meteorological events and rise of sea levels when talking about climate change. To a lesser extent to the disappearance of animal and botanical species and among the retired population to fires, storms.













74%

25%2%

57%38%

5%

Q.54 Working and Retired: Are you prepared to pay more for ecologically friendly solutions and products?


57

71

75

80% of « Yes »

Change habits

Pay more for ecological solutions

and products

Working Retired

YesNoDK

YesNoDK

Q.53 Working and Retired: Are you prepared to change your behaviour to fight climate change and global warming?


Q.52 Working and Retired: Do you think you can personally act against climate change / global warming?

WorkingRetired

IV-3. Can people personally act against climate change / global warming? And are they ready to change behavior?In both groups, the majority of the people feel that it is in their hands to act for reversing the effects of global warming, especially among working people (74% vs. 57% of the seniors). 80% of the working people would be prepared to change their habits to combat climate change, and 75% to pay more money for ecological solutions and products. In contrast, retired people are more reluctant to pay for this (57%).

73

74

25

24

2

1

Women

Men

62

50

32

45

6

4

Women

Men

55 yo and over: 60%, Noroeste: 61%

Don't have Children/ Grand-Children: 74%, Noroeste: 70%;

55 yo and over: 36%, Noroeste: 38%; Under 65 yo: 26% ,

Noroeste: 26%;Don’t have children: 24%


D+E: 10%

%%

6682

78

75

Men

Women

Men

Women

5580

69

59


IV-3bis. Can people personally act against climate change / global warming? International comparisonIn general, Spaniards think they can fight against climate change.As in the other countries, except Morocco, the working people are more convinced than the retirees that they can personally have an influence.

37

56

37

34

35

47

52

45

52

54

63

58

63

55

57

68

63

66

53

68

33

56

56

60

60

62

63

63

69

70

73

74

74

75

76

81

Central Europe

Western Europe

Morocco

Hungary

Czech Rep.

China

USA

Italy

France

Belgium

UK

Switzerland

Germany

Portugal

Spain

Canada

Australia

Japan

Survey average

% of "Yes"

48

58

WorkingRetired













69

77

60

70

71

71

71

79

67

80

81

76

80

80

83

73

84

86

82

87

59

79

80

81

85

85

86

86

86

87

89

89

90

91

92

94

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Morocco

USA

Spain

China

Italy

Germany

Czech Rep.

Japan

Switzerland

Hungary

UK

Belgium

Australia

Portugal

France

Canada

IV-3bis. Are people ready to change behavior? International comparisonDespite the fact that a large percentage consider to be prepared to change their habits, Spain is below the average of the countries in their area. However, Spaniards are equally willing to pay more for ecological solutions or products than the countries around them.

62

61

38

54

58

49

64

63

60

66

72

75

56

57

73

63

62

68

72

78

37

65

66

68

68

71

73

73

74

74

75

75

75

77

78

78

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

Morocco

France

USA

Portugal

Belgium

UK

China

Japan

Switzerland

Canada

Czech Rep.

Spain

Germany

Hungary

Italy

Australia

Ready to change habits Ready to pay more for ecologicalsolutions and products

Survey average

Survey average

% of "Yes" % of "Yes"

WorkingRetired

72

81

59

68
























33

14

24

53

50

54

8

32

21

6

4

1

49 45 5 2

26

22

57

51

26 3

1

4

1

15

14

41

57

41

16

26

%

Our generation

Next generation

A lotSomewhatNot at allDK

Q.55 Working and Retired: Do you think your generation will suffer from the effects of climate change …? Q.56 Working and Retired: And do you think the next generation will suffer from the effects of climate change …?

IV-4. How generations will suffer from climate change / global warming?The majority of the sample feel that their own generation is going to suffer from the consequences of climate change or global warming (78% workers and 64% retirees) and the next generation even more (94% workers and 86% retirees).Workers show more concern than retired, females more concern than males.

Working

Retired

Men

Women

Men

Women 48

49

48

41

6 4

1

7

3

34

32

48

57

11

3

7


= significant difference with the total sample


28

40

13

15

16

18

18

20

23

24

25

25

26

28

34

36

48

74

53

46

68

61

64

57

58

59

57

54

54

56

47

59

57

41

43

17

18

12

16

22

18

23

24

20

19

21

21

17

13

8

21

6

7

215

2

2

3

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

3

3

2

1

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

China

Switzerland

Japan

UK

USA

Belgium

Australia

Spain

Germany

Czech Rep.

Morocco

Canada

France

Italy

Portugal

Hungary

16

37

9

9

11

11

12

12

13

13

14

18

19

23

24

26

29

62

50

40

44

55

52

61

51

58

49

65

50

47

60

44

44

47

44

20

29

16

46

33

37

18

34

26

37

18

32

31

19

9

25

23

14

8

4

6

2

3

10

3

5

1

3

4

4

2

7

10

24

13

4

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

UK

Belgium

Switzerland

China

Australia

Japan

USA

France

Spain

Germany

Canada

Morocco

Italy

Czech Rep.

Portugal

Hungary

IV-4bis. How will our generation suffer from climate change / global warming? International comparisonFor both Spanish groups, the opinions on the impact of climate change or global warming on their generation are in line with the West European average. The most anxious are the Hungarians, followed by the Portuguese.

Working

Survey average 33 51 14 3

Survey average 25 47 22 6

Retiredin %A lot

SomewhatNot at allDK
























64

65

37

47

49

51

58

58

59

60

61

61

62

67

69

70

81

85

29

27

46

39

45

24

35

37

35

35

29

31

30

30

21

24

11

8

10

13

9

6

6

7

2

4

7

1

2

2

2

3

2

2

2

1

3

2

5

6

2

5

4

5

6

2

4

5

1

4

3

1

23

1

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

China

USA

Spain

Morocco

Australia

Japan

Switzerland

Belgium

Germany

Czech Rep.

UK

France

Italy

Canada

Hungary

Portugal

54

63

32

33

39

46

48

48

48

49

49

56

57

58

63

65

75

78

35

25

39

53

42

43

40

43

46

19

39

30

37

28

24

28

13

9

10

8

18

6

8

5

7

7

6

8

6

1

5

3

4

4

4

7

3

6

4

10

5

3

5

2

7

3

4

3

2

27

13

10

19

WesternEurope

CentralEurope

China

Spain

USA

Belgium

Australia

UK

Japan

Morocco

Switzerland

Germany

France

Czech Rep.

Italy

Canada

Hungary

Portugal

IV-4bis. How will next generation suffer from climate change / global warming? International comparison

In most countries, the majority of the population, especially the workers, believe that the next generation will suffer a lot from climate change. Spaniards show a lower sensitivity than average, just behind the Chinese and the Americans.

Working

Survey average

Survey average

Retired

61 30 5 4 54 32 6 8

A lotSomewhatNot at allDK

in %
























82

76

93

80

83

93

Individuals

Government,authorities

Industry,companies

8891

Q.57 Working and Retired: Whose fault is climate change and global warming?Multiple answers possible

WorkingRetired

% of « Yes »

IV-5. Whose fault is climate change / global warming?

Industry and companies are perceived as most responsible for climate change (93%), although the responsibility is shared by the Government/authorities (83% workers and 76% seniors) and the individuals (80% workers and 82% seniors).

55 yo and over: 72%

Under 65 yo: 87%

Female: 97%, Levante: 100 %

Norte: 84%

Norte: 92%

A+B: 74%; B: 73%

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

9795

8980

7874

7678

8585



57

73

57

65

61

65

64

67

76

57

63

72

77

71

70

72

76

84

62

79

57

64

65

69

72

73

73

75

76

77

78

79

80

82

83

84

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Japan

Czech Rep.

USA

China

Australia

Hungary

Switzerland

UK

Morocco

Germany

Italy

Canada

France

Belgium

Spain

Portugal

Government, authorities

66

71

IV-5bis. Whose fault is climate change / global warming? International comparison

Spain maintains a critical attitude towards firstly the Industry and secondly the Government, similarly to Portugal, France and Belgium.

50

74

49

46

56

57

55

60

66

72

69

79

82

71

78

79

81

85

58

78

55

56

59

62

65

68

71

74

76

77

80

82

87

88

88

90

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

China

Czech Rep.

USA

Morocco

UK

Australia

Switzerland

Italy

Germany

Belgium

Spain

Canada

Hungary

Japan

France

Portugal

84

89

74

75

79

77

91

87

88

89

89

86

89

88

92

93

91

93

88

91

76

80

82

83

86

88

88

88

88

91

91

92

93

93

95

96

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

China

USA

Australia

UK

Morocco

Italy

Switzerland

Japan

Czech Rep.

Hungary

Canada

Germany

Belgium

Spain

France

Portugal

Survey average

Survey average

Survey average

Industrycompanies Individuals


WorkingRetired

85

87

65

72



































Q.58 Working and Retired: To what extent do you think Spain adds to the problems of climate change and global warming?Q.59 Working and Retired: How does Spain contribute to solving the problems of climate change and global warming?

More than other countriesAt the same level as other countriesLess than other countriesDK

IV-6. What is your country’s responsibility in climate change / global warming?A large majority of the respondents consider that Spain’s contribution to climate change, both positive and negative, is similar to the other countries. The rest tend to think that Spain has less of an influence than the other countries on climate change, but also offers fewer solutions to solve the problem.

7

8

8

13

57

67

69

23

23

19

16

13

6

3

62 7

%

Spain adds to the problems…

Spain contributes to the solving of the problems …

Working

Retired

10

16

72

65

18 63

63

10

7

64

69

20

15

17Men

Women

Men

Women6

10

64

61

26 136

137

8

7

59

54

20

24

22



7

12

5

4

6

9

8

5

8

11

8

12

19

19

29

22

42

39

6

13

3

6

6

7

8

11

11

12

13

14

20

27

28

32

32

45

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Morocco

Portugal

Hungary

Czech Rep.

Italy

France

Belgium

Switzerland

Spain

UK

Canada

Australia

China

Japan

Germany

USA

IV-6bis. What is your country’s responsibility in climate change / global warming? International comparisonThe Americans, followed by the Germans, the Japanese and the Chinese consider their country as responsible, more than others in climate change. As far as contributing to solving the problem, the Germans come ahead.Spain has the same perception on adding to global warming as the West European countries on average. However, the Spaniards consider that their country contributes less than others to the solutions.

[Country] adds to the problem

[Country] contributes to the solving of the problems

6

22

4

7

3

6

3

7

13

12

16

23

30

37

35

34

37

49

4

22

4

5

6

6

7

8

13

15

16

16

20

26

34

37

37

55

CentralEurope

WesternEurope

Morocco

Hungary

Portugal

Italy

Czech Rep.

Spain

Australia

Canada

Belgium

France

Japan

China

Switzerland

USA

UK

Germany

Survey average

% of "more than other countries" % of "more than other countries"

WorkingRetired

Survey average 15

16

18

17
























10

-6

8

-5

-7

-2

8

-6

8

18

24

7

25

-2

9

-14

-12

-8

-5

-5

-2

-2

5

5

22

23

23

-1

-1

-1

1

-1

-1

1

0

0

Central Europe

Western Europe

Australia

Japan

USA

Canada

Spain

Italy

China

Hungary

Czech Republic

Portugal

Morocco

Belgium

France

Switzerland

Germany

UK

IV-6ter. Overall perceived impact by respondents of their countries in terms of climate change/global warming International comparisonAlthough in a moderate way, the working population have the perception that Spain contributes more to worsening the climate change than to improving it.Whereas West European countries on average are perceived to have a positive impact.

Survey average

Relative contribution to the problem is higher than relative contribution to its solving

WorkingRetired

Positive impact (%)Negative impact (%)Relative contribution to the solving of the problem is higher than relative contribution to the problem

% of [country] adds to the problem more than other countries” (Q.59) -% of “[country] contributes to the solving of the problem more than other countries” (Q.58)

3

1













Other than Spain

Q.60 Working and Retired: In 20 years from now, what will be the best country to live in?Base: n=307 working, n=322 retired

WorkingRetired

IV-7. What will be the best country to live in in 20 years?

More than two third of the workers and three fourth of the retirees mention Spain as the best country to live in in the next 20 years. Outside Spain, the most cited countries were Germany, Switzerland and the Nordic countries.

4

4

10

8

10

10

5

7

10

10

10

1

1

1

8

4

29

2

2

3

20

15

2

2

DK

Other

Canada

Australia

UK

Finland

The Netherlands

France

Norw ay

Sw eden

Sw itzerland

Germany

in %

69% 31%

Working

Retired

76% 24%

Spain Othercountries

Spain Othercountries



IV-7bis. What will be the best foreign country to live in 20 years? International comparison

Overall a high appeal for the Scandinavian countries, particularly Sweden, then for Switzerland, then Australia. One can observe that the traditional holiday places such as Spain, Italy or France are not much mentioned as the place to live in in 20 years. Spaniards are the only ones to mention Germany as the best option but follow the trends when choosing Switzerland and Sweden.Spain has been chosen in first position by the working and retired Portuguese, in second position by the German workers and in third position by British workers.

Working1st 2nd 3rd

Australia New Zealand UK Sweden*

Belgium Sweden Canada

Norway

Brazil

Australia

Sweden

Spain

Sweden

Australia

Sweden

Canada

Sweden

Sweden

New Zealand

New Zealand

Australia

Sweden

Australia

TOP 3 Survey average Australia Switzerland USA*

Scandinavia

Canada USA Sweden

China Australia Switzerland

Czech Rep. Switzerland New Zealand*

France Norway Denmark

Germany Norway Sweden*

Hungary Switzerland Germany

Italy Sweden Switzerland

Japan Australia Canada*

Morocco France USA*

Portugal Spain Brazil*

Spain Germany Switzerland

Switzerland Sweden Norway*

UK Australia Spain

USA Canada Sweden*

Central Europe Switzerland Norway

Western Europe Sweden Norway

Retired1st 2nd 3rd

Canada Germany Sweden*

New Zealand Canada UK

France Norway

Sweden

Brazil

Norway

Switzerland

Sweden

Switzerland

Australia

Canada

Sweden

Norway

Sweden

Australia

Sweden

Sweden

Sweden

Australia Switzerland USA*

Scandinavia

New Zealand Scandinavia*

Australia USA

Switzerland Sweden

Sweden Norway

Switzerland Norway*

Sweden Germany

Canada Switzerland*

France USA

Spain Switzerland*

Germany Switzerland*

Brazil Scandinavia

New Zealand Canada

Australia Mexico*

Switzerland Germany

New Zealand Switzerland














Conclusions


Conclusions (1/3)

Overall, the Spaniards displayed a very positive vision of retirement

Retirement includes a long period of “bonus years” (12 years in the opinion of working people, 17 years for the retirees) during which people can benefit from their retirement before getting into the old ageThe great majority of the retirees (91%) consider that they have a better quality of life during retirement than their parents did. And more than two-third of the working people think they will be favoured compared to their parents.Retirement is firstly associated to rest and peace, time for oneself –even though the problems related to oldness are also present to mind. It is an opportunity to travel (the dream of working people), to practice a hobby, dedicate time to one’s family, have cultural activities…Spanish retirees also exercise (walking/hiking) quite a lot.Overall females are perceived as living better their retirement than males: more prepared psychologically, more active, including in their social life while males are more inclined to suffer from boredom and loneliness. Males are also believed to risk having health problems during retirement – a fear among male workers stronger than among retirees.Retirees can rely on the presence and support of their children.From a financial point of view, although the retirement income is/ will be inferior to the last earned salary, the majority of the people maintained/will maintain their living standards and their quality of life, or even improve it. Spanish retirees feel happy, as much as the working population does and in good health condition – although the proportion of retirees feeling “very healthy” is inferior to the West European average (16% vs31%).


Conclusions (2/3)

Although they show uncertainty regarding the durability of the pension system, they remain confident in this system

Whereas they dream of retiring early (58 y.o.), Spanish workers are aware that they will have to work until 63. However the retirees – who are among West Europeans, those who retired the latest – would have ideally retired only one year before.Almost half of the workers (47%) think that they will have to hold a paid job during retirement – it is currently the case for 7% only of the retirees.For half of the workers, their retirement income will actually not be sufficient to cover their needs (as it is currently the case for 57% of the retirees). A problem particularly acute for the lower social classes (income insufficient for 7 out of 10 among the D/E), also present among females than males (income insufficient for 55% of the females vs 47 of the males). The Spaniards expect a retirement reform in the next 10 years, consisting firstly in increasing the number of years one should work. A majority of the workers (55%) remains opposed to a raise of the legal retirement age (more than the retirees) but approval is gaining ground (23% in 2007 vs 16% in 2005). For workers as for retirees, 65 y.o. is the maximum.Spain is among the countries the most favourable to a pension system common to all European countries. Retirement income is secured besides, the legal contributions by the employers contributions and the contributions through the employer.In Spain, there is a consensus on the State’s responsibility, while the Employer’s and the individual’s role are perceived as more secondary, although increasing.If they believe, as everywhere, that Social Security in their country has problems, their evaluation of the situation is far less negative than in other West European countries, especially among retirees (55% vs77%). They are satisfied with the quality of heath care they benefit from.


Conclusions (3/3)

Spain is one of the countries where people prepare themselves the least for retirement

Spain is one of countries where the individual’s responsibility in providing retirement income is the weakest.Among working people, only 21% know their retirement income (vs32% on average in Western Europe and 54% in a country such as Germany), Only 30% have started to prepare themselves (vs 55% on average in Western Europe)People start to prepare themselves later than in other countries (34 y.o. vs 32 in Western Europe)

Spanish people are aware of the climate change/global warming issue

Quite a high sensitivity among the younger generations, to the issue of global warming – at the level of the other European countries for the working population, but weaker for the retirees. They think their generation will suffer from it and the next generation even more. The responsibilities for these climate changes are firstly that of the Industry, of the governments and to a lesser extent of the individuals. Spain’s contribution to the global warming is believed to be similar to that of other countries but Spain’s action to solve the problem is not at the level of the others.Aware of everyone’s responsibility in combating climate change, Spaniards are prepared to change their habits and pay for ecological solutions. The Spaniards consider Spain as the best country to live in in 20 years (69% of the workers, 76% of the retirees)


End page

Documents

Results for Spainenvejecimiento.csic.es/.../axa-retirement2008-01.pdfAXA Retirement Scope – Wave 4 – Spain – January 2008 -4 Sample structure (as in the previous waves) 9307