Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Gasketology 101 Presented

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting

Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc.

Gasketology 101Presented by Richard Rudy and Jack Cooke

BASCO, Inc.



Gasket Performance

• Keep Product In, Air and Contaminants Out

• High Internal Pressures

• Resist Stacking Forces

• Work With Many Chemicals

• Temperature Extremes



Gasket Performance

• Convenient To Install, Never Fall Out

• Easy To Close The Drum

• Must Resist Hydrostatic and Drop Tests

• Low Cost



Gasket Design & Selection Factors

UN/DOT requirements Curl and Cover geometry

Type of locking ring Intended contents of the drum

Type of filling and closing operation Expected storage conditions

Re-sealability Cost



What Is Rubber?

• A Unique Material

• Stores and Releases Energy

• Made Like a Cake

• Vulcanization is Irreversible



Rubber Materials

• Natural Rubber (NR) / Isoprene (IR)



Rubber Materials

Natural Rubber (NR) / Isoprene (IR)

• Styrene Butadiene (SBR)



Rubber Materials


Styrene Butadiene (SBR)

• Ethylene-Propylene (EPDM)



Rubber Materials



Ethylene-Propylene (EPDM)

• Chloroprene (CR)



Rubber Materials




Chloroprene (CR)

• Nitrile (NBR)



Rubber Materials




Chloroprene (CR)

Nitrile (NBR)

• Fluorocarbon (e.g.Viton®)



Rubber Materials




Chloroprene (CR)

Nitrile (NBR)

Fluorocarbon (e.g.Viton®)

• Coated Rubber



Relative Rubber Cost



Rubber Types

• Cellular (Sponge) Rubber

• Dense Rubber



Cellular (Sponge) Rubber



Sponge Rubber Gaskets

• Square Sponge

• Sponge Cord

• Special Profiles



Square Sponge Gaskets



Open-Cell Sponge Cord Gaskets



Closed-Cell Sponge Cord Gaskets



Special Profile Gaskets

• MultiSeal™

• Pinnochio™

• WaveSeal™

• VariSeal™



MultiSeal™ Gasket



Pinnochio™

Gasket



WaveSeal™ Gasket



VariSeal™ Gasket



Dense Rubber Gaskets

• Tubular



Tubular Gaskets



• When standard gaskets won’t work

• Engineered sealing solutions



Mechanical Properties

• Tensile Strength and Elongation



Tensile Strength and Elongation

• Measures of strength and stretch





• Density and Compression Deflection



Density and Compression-Deflection

How Much Does A Certain Amount

Weigh?

How Much Effort Does It Take To

Compress It?





Density and Compression Deflection

• Compression Set



Compression Set

• Measure of Size• ASTM Standard D395

• Not “Real World”



Compression Set in Sponge Rubber

• Permanent Deformation of Open Cells




• Gas Diffusion from Closed Cells




Gasket 24 Hours After Removal

Fresh Gasket






Compression Set

• Stress Relaxation / Creep



Stress Relaxation

• Measure of Force• Related to

Compression Set • Not “Real World”

• Creep





Compression Deflection

Compression Set

Stress Relaxation / Creep • Hardness



Hardness

Resistance to indentation Widely used for dense

rubber Not good for sponge

Indentor






Compression Set

Stress Relaxation / Creep

Hardness

• Service Temperature



Service Temperature

Material Lower Limit Upper Limit

SBR -85°F +158°F

Natural Rubber -85°F +158°F

EPDM -80°F +300°F

Neoprene -65°F +225°F

Nitrile -55°F +275°F

Urethane -70°F +250°F

Silicone -180°F +525°F

Viton -40°F +500°F






Compression Set

Stress Relaxation / Creep

Hardness

Service Temperature

• Storage and Shelf Life



Storage and Shelf Life



Storage and Shelf Life

• Store at 40º - 80º F, 75% RH

• Avoid freezing, never exceed 120º F• Protect from sunlight

• Avoid electric motors and high voltage



Industry Standards

• STM

• RMA

• MIL Standards



Industry Standards

• STM

• Not useful by itself

• Not very meaningful for drum gaskets



Industry Standards

STM • RMA



Industry Standards

STM

RMA • MIL Standards



Chemical Compatibility

• Drum Gaskets Have Narrow Compatibility

• Usually Not a Critical Factor



Chemical Compatibility

• Lab Derived

• Not “Real World”

• Avoid Overspecifying



Food Grade Rubber

• FDA Compliance

• Based on Ingredients



Kosher Certification



MSDS and Gaskets

• MSDS not required

• Gaskets are “articles”



Used vs. New?

• Questionable quality

• Questionable performance

• New is best



So, How Does The Gasket “Fit In”?

• Drums are non-precision systems

• Stress Relaxation

• Measuring “tightness”



So, What’s The

Right Gasket?

• No “silver bullet”

• The Right Gasket

• The Best Value

Right



OK, It’s Time To OK, It’s Time To

Wake Up!Wake Up!



BASCO2595 Palmer Avenue

University Park, IL 60466

1.800.776.3786

Fax 1.708.534.0904

www.bascousa.com

Documents

Reusable Industrial Packaging Association - Technical Projects Committee Meeting Charlotte, NC April 22, 2009 © 2009, BASCO, Inc. Gasketology 101 Presented