Reuse: the other side of sharing OERs

Chris PeglerAcademic Director

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Why reuse matters

• Reuse takes us beyond ‘good intentions’

• What are we sharing OER for?

• Reuse of OER can feed into:– Sustainable e-learning – Making practice public– Keeping resources ‘alive’– A virtuous cycle of ‘openness’

• But it’s not something we’re used to doing

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The long OER journey: Q&A

How can you discover and

select material?

Problems obtaining metadata

Describe fully + consistently with metadata

Let’s automate

as much as possible

Found something. Can I use it? Can I

repurpose it?

We need something

like an ‘open license’

Open content/OER: ‘a learning object plus an open licence’ (Wiley, 2009)

Automated impersonal reuse with

RLO!

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The ‘supply’ side is booming

Images: McAndrew, OpenLearn to OLNet: Researching Open Learning. Flickr, mag3737, http://www.flickr.com/photos/mag3737/1914076277/

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OER is about give and take

• Increase sector capacity for effective OER creation and use.

• Move from a supply-led approach to reflect needs.

• Recognise and reconcile both sides of the sharing exchange

• … or are we only ‘planning to share’ Leslie (2008)

‘Its not just about the

giveaway its about the

take.'

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Basis for research

Case study examples (2002-2009) from: • NDLR (National repository, Ireland)• Stor Curam (National discipline-based repository)• L20 (Regional sharing for Languages)• LORO (Subject repository using eprints)• SORRS (Departmental repository)• H806 (Course based on learning objects)• PROWE (informal, personal repositories)

including interviews with reuse ‘practitioners’, student surveys, observation, action research

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Looking at the reuse cycle

• Reusable content is now flowing in: Why is reuse not always following?

• Repositories are addressing barriers: Are these the real barriers?

• Can we predict what helps/hinders reuse?

• Technical barriers (incl. rights) are now falling – is this enough?

• How to identify where the barriers are?

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Dashboards 101

• Aids to (management) decision making?

• Can use Red Amber Green risk ratings

• Form of reductionism: ‘understanding the nature of complex things by reducing them to the interactions of their parts’ (wikipedia)

• Predictive – focus on consequences

• Snapshots, not continuous monitoring

• Can be subject of ridicule …

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The levers of Power…

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…and the joystick of Strategy.

Wow….

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What about sound?

Just pull the levers and say

“Vroom!”

Right!

From: Cutting a Dash,by Feveredstevepolicypolice.blogspot.com

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More serious influences

• Management science: esp. Marketing and Consumer Behaviour

• Motivation, e.g. Cialdini (2007) on Influence and Persuasion:– Reciprocity, Commitment

and consistency, Social proof, Liking, Authority, Scarcity

• Change Management: compliance or change?

Learning Object Attribute

Metric - developed by RLO-CETL

looked at activities, environment and role)

Leeder, et al (2007www.ucel.ac.uk/load/docs/cipel_workshop.ppt

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A simple OER dashboard

• Two dashboards (one for supply and one for demand)• Three measurement ‘dials’:

– Technical– Quality– Motivation

• Four measures:Stop, Go, Degrees in between

Motivation

Quality

Technical

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Dashboard: supply-side

• How is the resource made available ‘technically’ ?

• What ‘quality’ are the resources?

• What is motivating supply (perception and reality)?

• Technical ‘supply side now sorted? Is this enough? Motivation

Quality

Technical

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Expanded Supply side

How and why resources are supplied:

• Technical factors include: metadata, technology, rights, discoverability

• Quality factors include: perfectionism, protectionism, update expectations

• Motivation factors include: reciprocity, project/policy requirements, expectation of reward or recognition

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Dashboard: demand-side

• How easy to locate and reuse a resource ‘technically’ ?

• What ‘quality’ are the resources (as seen by user)?

• What is motivating demand?

• What is restricting demand?

• Technical/Quality dials measuring ‘hygiene factors’? Motivation

Quality

Technical

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Expanded Demand side

How and why resources are (re)used:

• Technical factors include: discoverability, ease of evaluation and download, clear rights (e.g. OER), platform constraints

• Quality factors include: topicality, rarity, track record, provenance, fit for purpose

• Motivation factors include: urgency, cost/benefits of reuse, past practice.

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How and why to apply this?

• Dials display an aggregation of separate ‘readings’ – to make sense of complexity

• Takes account of the systems (technical), resource (quality) and people (motivation) aspects of the sharing exchange

• Could be useful to design and evaluate or to monitor/predict/understand and change performance

• Scaleable from single resource upwards

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About SCORE

• Increasing sector capacity for effective OER creation/use.

• Moving from a supply-led approach to reflect institutional/student needs.

• How? 36 fellowship projects; 3600 hours of OER reflecting sector needs; 18 engagement events; enquiry-based support and advice service, ‘vibrant’ web 2.0-based virtual community, engagement with international OER community

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Thank you and questions?

Chris Pegler

c.a.pegler@open.ac.uk