Review of exponents

102

base

exponent

= 10 10 = 100

101 = 10 = 10

102 = 10 10 = 100

103 = 10 10 10 = 1,000

100 = 1 = 1

101 = 10 = 10

102 = 10 10 = 100

103 = 10 10 10 = 1,000

100 = 1 = 1

10-1 = 0.110= 1

10-2 = 0.01= 1021

Practice Using Your Calculator

Enter 102 10X

E

EE

Buttons

100

Possible Outputs

1E2

Practice Using Your Calculator

Enter 10-2 10X

E

EE

Buttons

.01

Possible Outputs

1E-2

Mr. Bernabo has 3

3 million $

3 flat tires

3 children

3 pennies

A measurement always has 2 things!!!!

2.031 m

Magnitude

How many

Units

of what

How tall am I?

guesses?

Metric / SI Used by most of the world

English Used by the U.S.

meter, oC, gram

foot, oF, pound

What’s the big deal about units?

It is important that we all are on the same page

How many “foot lengths” is the width of the room

The mars climate orbiter crashed into the planet instead of orbitingdue to 1 branch of NASA using English units and the other Metric.

Area: One township = 36 sections or 23,040 acres where an acre = 160 square poles = 100,000 square gunter links = 43,560 square feet = 10 chains where 1 chain = 22 yards, but the engineer’s chain = 100 feet.

Volume: 1 barrel = 42 gallons or 196 pounds or 55 gallons. But 1 gallon = 4 quarts with 2 pints per quart or 4 cups. Unless it’s the Queen Anne wine gallon, the milk gallon, or the imperial gallon.

However we have 62.4 pounds per cubic foot for water. Now then there is the statute mile, the league, the nautical mile, and the marine league.

Sheeeeeshhh…. More…

Some English Conversions

Gasp! There is the liquid pint = 28.875 cubic inches, the liquid quart = 128 drams = 7680 minims. Ah, but 1 teaspoon = 1 1/3 drams which is 238 scruples.

So there is the Troy ounce, the Avoidupois ounce and a pound of feathers is not the same as a pound of gold.

Oooh, we have the short ton and the long ton. Do not get these confused with the furlong or the fathom.

Bushells and pecks, palms and hands should have nothing to do with carats.

Watch out for the rod!!

This is just a start!!!

And many Americans think we should hang on to this!!

Some(more) English Conversions

But there is an easier way!!!

Metric / SI Unit

Length meter msymbol

Mass gram gTime second s

Temperature Celsius oC

Volume Liter L

What its for

Meter, m(About 3 feet, or a yard)

Has been defined many ways including the distance between two scratches in platinum metal bar while at the temperature of melting ice.

Currently defined as the distance traveled by light in 1/299,792,458 seconds

JUST LISTEN

gram, g(About the mass of a dollar bill)

The mass standard is of a kilogram (1000 g)which is defined as the mass of a certain chunk of platinum and iridium.

Official copies are distributed and compared the the standard about every 10 years.

JUST LISTEN

Second, s(about 1 Mississippi)

Used to be defined by 1/86,400 of the mean solar day, but the earth’s rotation is SLOWING.

(Yeah more time in the day)

Currently defined in terms of the time needed for a Cesium atom to go from an excited state back to a ground state.

JUST LISTEN

Liter, Labout the volume of a cantaloupe

or 1/2 a 2 L bottle (duh)

JUST LISTEN

Celsius, oC

0oC --- water freezes

100oC --- water boils

JUST LISTEN

These are the base units

m, g, s, oC, L

It is not too convenient to measure some things with a base unit.It might be too big or small.

How many meters is your index finger.

Prefixes make a base unit bigger or smaller

centimeter

cm

prefix

1 cm is about 1/2 an inch much more appropriate to estimate the length of your finger

Prefix Symbol Means

micro 10-6

milli m 10-3

centi c 10-2

deci d 10-1

kilo k 103

mega M 106

KNOW these

Very small

BIG

or .000001or .001or .01or .1

or 1,000or 1,000,000

micro 10-6

milli m 10-3

centi c 10-2

deci d 10-1

kilo k 103

mega M 106

1 cm = 10-2 msince centi means 10-2 it can just be plugged in

1dL = ___ L 10-1

Which is bigger? a dL or a L

micro 10-6

milli m 10-3

centi c 10-2

deci d 10-1

kilo k 103

mega M 106

What is a millisecond?

micro 10-6

milli m 10-3

centi c 10-2

deci d 10-1

kilo k 103

mega M 106

What is a microliter?

Meter about a yard stick

km little more than 1/2 a mile

dm width of your hand

cm about 1/2 inch, width of a finger

mm about the thickness of a dimem a hair is about 90 m wide

The long and short of Length

Mass

gram the mass of a dollar bill

mg tear a bill into a thousand pieces

kg a bit over 2 poundsor 1/2 a 2L of water

Liter

Liter 1/2 a 2 Liter bottle, cantaloupe

mL about 15 drops, or a blueberry

Front Side of Metric WS due next class period

Metric Conversions

For many reasons in science class or the “real world”you will need to be able to convert between units.

In the metric system it is EZ.Just move the decimal place

Hey, where are we going?

2.0

Convert: 2.3 dL into L

or in other “words”

2.3 dL =_______ L

1.) write the value of the prefix above both units(If the unit has no prefix write “100 ”)

2.) Find the DIFFERNCE between the exponents = the number of times the decimal is moved

3.) Which way to move it? Think (hint start with a smaller unit, answer gets smaller)

10-1 100

-1 - 0Difference = 1

2.3 dL =_______ L10-1 100

.23

Need to move the decimal 1 place (which way)First which is the small and which is the big?

13 m = _______ cm100 10-2

0 -(-2)Difference = 2

smallbig

.560000

1,300

Convert 13 m to cm

.560 km =_______ mm103 10-3

3 -(-3)Difference = 6

Will I have more or less km?

smallbig

MORE

.560000

560,000

.25 dm =_______ m10-1 10-6

-1-(-6)Difference = 5

Will I have more or less m?

big small

MORE

25,000

.25000

6.3 103 L =_______ mL

2.3 105 cm =_______ m

1.4 10-3 ms =_______ ds

7.5 10-7 dm =_______ km

1.4 10-3 km =_______ cm

DO THIS and the next one for hwk

1.4 107 m =_______ km