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WHAT WE LEARNED ALL SEMESTER

WHAT’S HAPPENING IN OUR WORLD?

Lorem Ipsum Issue | Date

HOW CAN WE ALL MAKE THE WORLD A BETTER PLACE?

HUMAN ITIES

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Definition of globalization: The way goods, and

companies, and information, and jobs, and fashions are

flowing more and more easily around the world. It’s as if

the world is shrinking! Some say we live in a global

village now.

How has the globalization sped up in the past few decades?

GLOBALIZATION

* MODERN TECHNOLOGY: Cell phones, computers and etc has made our lives way easier.

* COMPUTERS: The computer has helped us connect with people all around the world.

* HEALTH CARE/ MEDICAL: People have been cured from diseases and so is decreasing the amount of deaths.

* TNC: Companies has connections everywhere.

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SUPPLY.

DEMAND.

FAIRTRADE.

FAIRTRADE FOUNDATION.

IMPORT.

EXPORT.

TOURISM FAIR TRADE

TOURISM. TOURIST. TREND

Describe how fair-trade has helped coffee farmers in LEDCs :

1. A coffee company and a group of coffee farmers decide to work

2. They agree as a fair price for the coffee, that gives the farmers a decent living - and add some extra

3. The company pays some of the money in advance, before the harvest, so that the farmers won’t run short.

4. The Fairtrade Foundation has to check the deal, before the company can use the Fairtrade logo on its coffee.

5. In the shops, people who want to help the coffee farmers will buy the coffee – and they don’t mind that it costs a bit more.

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DEFINITION OF SUPPLY, DEMAND, IMPORT, EXPORT, FAIRTRADE, FAIRTRADE FOUNDATION:

* TOURISM - Everything to do with tourist, including

the activities they take part in and the services that

support them.

* TOURIST - A person who stays for more than a day

in a place that is not his or her usual environment, for

any purpose.

* TREND - The general direction in which something

tends to move.

DEFINITION OF TOURISM, TOURIST, TREND:

* SUPPLY - The amount of something for sale.

* DEMAND - The amount of something that people

are willing to buy.

* IMPORT - To bring product in to the country.

* EXPORT - To bring product into other country.

* FAIRTRADE - Where the producer of the good gets

a fair share of the profit.

* FAIRTRADE FOUNDATION - The body that allows

the companies to use the fairtrade logo.

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TNC TNC (transnational corporation) - Company with branches in many countries.

Nokia

Nike

mc Donalds

LG

Samsung

Burger King

Mexico

Brazil

China

Australia

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Conditions in the sweatshop:

- The strict rules, even when the people are tired, they get hit and yelled at. Toilet are limited, rests and toilet breaks should be allowed so that workers can regain their energy to work.

- No communication with other people, which means no friends.

- Increase the salary because they’re been working overtime and non-stop.

- Being abusive and forcing the workers should be ceased so that they wouldn’t feel like workig in the prison.

SWEATSHOP Sweatshop is a factory where people work for long hours, for low pay.

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* China has one-fifth of the world’s population.

* It is developing fast, thanks to industrialisation trade.

* Its development has lifted hundreds of millions of chinese people out of poverty.

* But almost one-tenth of China’s people still live in great poverty.

* China’s impact on the world is growing, as it develops.

* China is the fourth largest country in the world, after Russian, Canada and the USA.

China was the world’s most developed and wealthy country. It had the world’s largest economy even in 200 years ago.

This was due to its technology. For example, it was ahead in building canals , to move crops and goods around. It also had a civil service to help run the country. The officials were chosen by exam, and only the very best got through.

Trade with other countries was another big factor. Europe was mad for Chinese silk, tea, and porcelain. China demanded payment in silver.


1

Explain 4 impacts of desertification on China:

NO LANDS/ NO TREES= POLLUTION/ RUN OUT OF WATER/

TRAFFIC CONGESTION/ BREATH IN DUST= LUNG CANCER

1) Desertification is causing millions of rural chinese to abandon

unproductive land in Gansu, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia

provines and migrate eastwest.

2) 4,000 villages are at risk of being

swallowed up by drifting sand every

10 years. Many of these driven by

desertification have ended up in

eastern cities migrant workers.

3) The falling water table is falling

and increasing temperatures have

caused rivers to dry out and wells have become so salinated that

HOW IS COAL FORMED? - Forests in swamp millions of years ago. - Trees and animals die and get buried in mud. - The dead trees and animals get squashed and heated in layers underground. - The coal is dug out of the ground (mined). - The dead trees and animals have turned unto coal.

DESERTIFICATION

Coal is an extremely important and useful source of energy because it provide us electricity, for steam locomotives and water heating too.

Explain 3 causes of desertification.

* DROUGHT – A long period without rainfall

* REMOVAL OF TREES FOR FUEL AND SHELTER -

* OVERGRAZING -

2

people who drank from it fall

sick.

3) Frequent sandstorms have

led to the worsening of air

quality, disruption of traffic,

suspension of school and

health problems for people

and animals.

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People are evenly distributed around the world. Population density and distribution is based on ENVIRONMENTAL (PHYSICAL) & HUMAN FACTOR which make an area more or less attractive.

HUMAN FACTOR PHYSICAL FACTOR

- Health facilities - Soil

- Education - Relief

- Retirement area - Climate

- housing - Natural resource

POPULATION DISTRIBUTION is how people are spread around a place. e.g a country and POPULATION DENSITY is the average number of people per square kilometer.

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BIRTH RATE ‘ The number of BIRTHS per year per a thousand

population’

DEATH RATE

‘ The number of DEATHS per

year per a thousand

population.’

EMIGRATION

‘ The permanent movement of

people OUTWARD from a

country.’

IMMIGRATION

‘ The permanent movement of

people INTO a country.’

Population change or growth= BIRTH RATES – DEATH RATES +/- MIGRATION

1. Natural disasters: E.g the Indian Ocean tsunami, the Japanese Earthquake often only causes short term INCREASE OF DEATH RATES.

2. Famine and disease: Such aids and food shortage can decrease life expectancy, therefore INCREASE DEATH RATES.

3. Changes in society: Such as late marriages mean that people wait longer before starting a family, which results in LOWER BIRTH RATES.

4. Religious views of the citizens: Some allow polygamy (more than one wife) so men have many children spread between multiple wives - INCREASING BIRTH RATES.

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Natural Resources are resources that occurs naturally, like oil wells and fertile soil.

RENEWABLE REASOURCE is a natural resource that can be used to benefit people and can then be replaced naturally for other people in the future.

NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCE is a resource that is in limited supply and cannot be replaced naturally once it has been extracted and used.

RENEWABLE RESOURCE: Oxygen, Wind, Minerals, Timber NON-RENEWABLR RESOURCE: Water, Coal, Oil, Fruits&Vegetables, Meat from animals

Relief gets higher from East to West. The highest part is Mt. Everest in the SW and the lowest is the Dongbei and Hubei Plains in East snd North East. The Hubei Plain is the largest area of the flast land. The largde deserts are Taklimakan and Gobi deserts, and almost 20% of China is desert. The Himalayas is also in SW of China above the Mt. Everest. Both river Yangtze and Xi are located in the SE of China.

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* Couples in towns and cities can have only one child.

* In rural areas, you may get permissions to have two children, if both parents are only children, or the first child is a girl.

* If you have more children than you quota, you will be fined, and lose other benefits too.

* Ethnic minorities can have more than two children per family, since their numbers are low.

POSITIVES & NEGATIVES: • Population growth reduced • Can afford to raise the family • Life is boring without siblings • Child can be spoiled since parent would give their best to

thaeir one and only children.

CHINA’S ONE CHILD POLICY

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Oil was formed from the remains of animals and plant that lived in a marine environment, million of years ago.

Social Issue #1:

Crime – Drug addiction – People sell drugs for living. The buy drugs instead of other necessary things.

Solution: Drug rehabilitation center, help stops the drug addicts from taking any more drugs.

Social Issue #2:

China’s development in different areas – China’s development rising inequality in different areas. Eastern half of China is better than the western half because it has the industry.

Solution: The government is helping Chongqing the building more roads in the west and exploits the west’s rich natural resources like coal, oil and gas.

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Food crisis is the lack of availability of food all over the world resulting in high food costs.

* Lack of food availability – High food costs.

* Citizens couldn’t afford to feed their family – Politicians lose their seats.

* Rising price of oil made food price rise too to transport and produce – The poor people suffers the most.

AGRICULTURE: The science, art and business of cultivating soil, producing crops and raising livestock.

INPUTS PROCESSES OUTPUTS

Buildings Sowing Crops

Fertiliser Harvesting Profits

Seeds Ploughing

Wind

Labour

Rain

Temperature

PROS & CONS: * Yields increased 3 times.

* With more money farmers could purchase more fertilizer & machinery.

* Surplus crops were sold creating profits improving the standard of living.

* New machinery replaced human labour leading to unemployment & rural-urban migration.

* HYVs need more water for irrigation. Putting a strain on water resources.

* The widespread use of pesticides * fertilizers has caused severe envuronmental damage.

GREEN REVOLUTION: A period from 1960 to 1990 when there was a great increase in agricultural productivity in developing countries through modern science.

YIELDS: The crop output of a farm.

HYVs (High Yield Varieties): Genetically modified varieties of crops.

FOOD CRISIS

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FOOD MILES:

Food miles are the measure of the distance a food travels from a field to plate.

What are GM food? Genetically modified food are food that have foreign genes (genes from other plants or animals) inserted into their genetic codes through genetic engineering techniques.

RISKS & BENEFITS:

* Modified food can be used as vaccines or other medications.

* Faster growing plants and animals.

* Food can contain different nutrients.

* Plants may be less resistant to some pests and more sustainable to other

* The size of the food could be bigger and this can help feed more people.

* Drought resistance plants that require fewer environmental resources (water, fertilizer, etc…)

* The GM food can give us disease.

* Modified plants or animals might have genetic change that are harmful to human.

* Modified organisms may interbeed with natural organisms and outcompete them, leading to extinction of the organism or to other unpredictable environmental effects.

PROS & CONS OF IMPORTING FOOD:

* The money from producing crops for children to go to school and to build a new home and put in electricity.

* Exporting crops can earn more money for better lives.

* This makes young people want to stay in farming because there is money and a future in it even when they don’t live in the city.

* Food transported across the world burns up a lot of fossil fuels and contributes to global warming.

* The direct social, environmental, and economic costs of food transport are estimated at over $9 billion each year.

* In the future many areas may become flooded or desertified since we drive our own cars to supermarket.

*Importing food will cause CO2, the countries that will be most

affected are those we import from. Many African countries will have drought and not be able to farm anymore.

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A tool used to measure the amount of natural resources an individual, a community, or a country consumes in a given year and the impact of this on the environment.

Hectare (ha) A unit of land area defined as 10,000 square metres (100m by 100m) What is Climate Change (give a proper definition)

A change in the world’s climate. Climate change is a significant and lasting change in weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years.

Area Impact of climate change on this area. 1. Agriculture 1. Crop yields are expected to decrease.

2. Land becomes unusable, through the process of desertification. 2. Flooding Less crops available in the market, the price are more likely to increase.

2. Seas 1. The sea level may rise and threatening coral reefs. The temperature of the water rises and cause the animals died. 2. Low-lying land is threatened and so is the lives of 80 million people across the globe.

3. Floods, fires & drought

1. Increased risk of inland flash floods in Europe. Reductions of crop productivity in southern Europe. 2. Higher temperatures increase the amount of moisture that evaporates from land and water, leading to drought. 3. Hot temperature and dry conditions can also cause forest fires. For example in some some parts in Asia and Africa, there was issues with water supply for human.

4. Diseases 1. Even the temperature rises, death can occur since the heat-related illness is at risk. 2. The speed of the disease spreading increase.

WHAT IS ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT?

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Nuclear fission is either a nuclear reaction or a radioactive decay process in which the nucleus of an atom splits into smaller parts often producing free neutrons and photons (in the form of gamma rays) and releasing a very large amount of energy, even

PROS & CONS:

* Nuclear energy can produce massive amount of energy.

* It’s cheap

* Produce small amount of waste.

* The radiation can spread and give bad effects to people.

* Nuclear energy have to be kept out from disasters.

How is nuclear power produced in a nuclear plant?

In a nuclear reactor, fuel rods full of uranium pellets are placed in water.

Inside the fuel rods, uranium atoms split, releasing energy.

This energy heats water, creating steam.

The steam moves through a turbine, which turns a generator to created electricity.

The steam cools back into water, which can then be used over again. At some nuclear power plants, extra heat is released from a cooling tower.

energy nuclear

Explain 5 ways you can reduce your personal footprint.

* WATER – Flush the toilet once only/ Close the tap water when it’s not used.

* TRANSPORTATION – Carpool with friends/ take public transportation, less cars.

* GARBAGE – Recycle plastic, glass, paper etc../ Use recycled materials and use the computers to do work instead of writing it on papers.

* FOOD – Don’t buy imported food/ Kitchen should supply biodegrable food (can break down easily) packaging.

* ELECTRICITY – Don’t forget to turn the computers or other electronics after using it/ Don’t turn on the lights during the day.

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