rhjep y¾$drZL$p rhjep„L$ `©›$p„L$ - Pushtimarg · L$pƒBL$ cmsp S> rhQpfp¡ L¡$ cphp¡ fpMu_¡ Å¡ k¡hp L$fhpdp„ Aphsu lp¡e sp¡ s¡hu k¡hp kag \su _\u. s¡\u Nyfy_y„

$Page 1: rhjep y¾$drZL$p rhjep„L$ `©›$p„L$ - Pushtimarg · L$pƒBL$ cmsp S> rhQpfp¡ L¡$ cphp¡ fpMu_¡ Å¡ k¡hp L$fhpdp„ Aphsu lp¡e sp¡ s¡hu k¡hp kag \su _\u. s¡\u Nyfy_y„$
L$sfph¢N¡ sp¡ d¢ D_L|„$ cfu kcpd¢, eqv$ d¡fu ^pfZpL¡$ A_ykpf h¡ `qW$s l¢ sp¡,d¡f¡ A_yhpv$k|„ klds Op¡rjs L$f v|„$Np¡. AÞe\p d¡fu ^pfZpL¡$ A_ykpf A`qW$slp¡eh¡ ¡ crhóed¢ rkÙpÞsrhjeL$ r_Z®ep\® Aep¡Áe ìe[¼s Op¡rjs L$f v|„$Np¡.

Apip l¡ qL$ Ab sp¡ dsc¡v$ fM_¡hpg¡ dlp_ycph ^dp®Qpep£rQsõh^d®r_^p®fZkplk bV$p¡fL¡$ kpd_¡ Ape¢N¡. AÞe\p fp¡s¡ bÃQp_L|$ Qy L$fh¡L|„$D_L¡$ d|„ld¢ ilv$ gNpL¡$ S>¥k¡ fbfL$u V$p¢V$u fMu Åe h¥ku lu lpõepõ`v$ [õ\rsâL$V$ lp¡ Åe¡Nu—!

qL$dr^L„$ kyo¡jy—?

rhjep_y¾$drZL$p rhjep„L$ ©›$p„L$rkÙpÞs hQ_phgu (1) k¡hp¡ v¡$iv$unp 73

(2) k¡hpõhê$` 80

(3) k¡hpâv$i®_ 83

(4) k¡hpâep¡S>_ 85

(5) k¡hpõ\g 88

(6) k¡ìeõhê$` 91

(7) k¡hp\®-ApÆrhL$p 96

(8) k¡hpL$sp® s\p k¡hp`qfQpfL$ 97

(9) k¡hp¡ v¡$óV$p 100

— (10) cpNhsL$\p 108

— (11) õhk¡ìeõhê$`-âkpv$-N°lZ 110

— (12) su\® e®V$_ 112

— (13) ApQpe®hQ_pier_^p®fZâL$pfp¡ k„lpf 113

`qfrióV$ (1) ifZpNrs 116

(2) Ad©shQ_phgu 121

(3) y[óV$ A[õdsp 145

(4) y[óV$rkÙpÞsQQp®kcp_y„ k„rnàs h©Ñ 147

58 59

Ÿ&&Ÿlrh[a…Ÿ&&Ÿ&&ŸdMZmdbrŸ&&

(ŸJwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX-g{hVmŸ)

(ŸO`{V lrdëb^m`m} O`{V M {dÆ>boída…à w… lr_mZ²Ÿ&nwéfmoÎm_íM V¡íM {Z{X©îQ>m nwpîQ>nÕ{VO© {VŸ&&

lrdëb^_Vmä`mgo H¥$n`m oZ Xr{jV…Ÿ&&Xr{jV§ V_h§ Zm¡{_ lrVmVMaU§ gXmŸ&&

lrdmŠnVodm©JZwJm{_Zm§ d¡ gÚ…ñdH$V©ì`{d{ZíM`m`Ÿ&H¥$Vmo _`m VÛMZmZwdmX… nwînmonhmamon_ Ef ZyZ_²Ÿ&

ñdbm^nyOmW©namÙmZm§ VXr`{gÕmÝV{dbmonH$mZm_²Ÿ&^doV² IbmZm§ Ibw _ñVHo$fw nXàhmamon_ EfEdŸ&&)

(1) godmonXoeXrjm-{df`H$_ybdMZm{Z

(H$) na_Ì Z gd}fm§ \$b_wIm{YH$ma…; {H$ÝVw ofw ^JdËH¥$nm, H¥$nmn[akmZ§ M

_mJ©éÀ`m {ZíMr`Vo. VÌ Am{XV… gmYZm{Z AmhŸ-Ÿ ŸH¥$îUgodm na§ drú` Xå^m{Xa{hV§ Za_²Ÿ& Ÿlr^mJdVVÎdk§ ÔoV² {OkmgwamXamV²Ÿ&&

(V.Xr.{Z.2Ÿ&227) "H¥$îUgodmna_²'B{V. `mo {h Jwé… godm_² CnXoú`{V g ñd § MoV² Vm§ CÎm_m§

OmZr`mV² VXm H$W§ ñd § Z Hw$`m©{X{V "godmna'Ed Jwé…. VÌm{n {Z{_Îmm{Zdma`{V "Xå^m{Xa{hV_²'B{V. godmM à_mU_yb¡d nwéfmW©n ©dgm{`Zr. AÝ`Wm_Z{g AÝ`X² {dYm` AÝ`Wm H$aUo Z \$b{g{Õ… B{V A{^àmòU Amh"lr^mJdVVÎdk_²'B{V. "{Okmgw' ZVw H$m¡VwH$mÚm{dîQ>…. "ÔZ§'Ÿ-Ÿgd© mdoZŸ-ŸVXm VXwŠVàH$maoU ^JdËgodm H$V©ì`m.

(V.Xr.{Z.à.2Ÿ&227) "drú`' BË`ZoZ _mJm©ÝVamX² AÌ d¡bjÊ § km{nV_². "B©j'Xe©Zm‘>Z`mo…,

"{d'Zm M gå`ŠËd§ narjUo ÚmoË`Vo. VWmM VÝÌoŸ-Ÿ""Jwé… narj oV² {eî`_²''B{V dmŠ`mV² {eî`mo `Wm narú`Vo VWm AÌ Jwé…. ZmoMoX² AVmÑeñ`bmoH$mZwJVnewê$nËdmV² VmÑemo AZwgaUo AÝYmZwJmÝYdX² C^md{n nVoVm_².EVXW©_od Ob oXJ«ÝWH$aU§ ko _²...VoZ ~«÷gå~ÝYmo{n \$b_wI… Vñ ¡d B{V{gX²Ü`{V. Ed_² A{YH$magyMZoZ AZ{YH$m ©{n ì`md{V©V….

(V.Xr.{Z.à.AmdaU^“Ÿ:Ÿ2Ÿ&227)

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (L$)—Ap dpN®, `fÞsy, b^p_¡ agv$peL$ r_hX¡$ s¡hp¡ Ar^L$pf v$f¡L$_p¡ lp¡sp¡

_\u. s¡ sp¡ cNhp__u L©$`p S>¡Ap¡_p E`f hfku lp¡e s¡Ap¡_p¡ S> lp¡e R>¡.L$p¡BL$_p E`f cNhp__u L©$`p R>¡ L¡$ _tl s¡_u Mpsfu s¡ ìe[¼s_¡ L©$è¥L$gæec[¼sdpN® L¡$ â`rÑdpN® dp„ fyrQ R>¡ L¡$ _rl s¡_p Ap^pf¡ L$fhu Å¡Be¡.

S>¡Ap¡_p E`f cNhÐL©$`p hfku lp¡e s¡Ap¡_¡ dpV¡$ ifyAps\u S> L$epkp^_p¡ R>¡ s¡_y„ r_ê$`Z L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡—-

L$p¡BL$ `yfyj L©$óZk¡hpdp„ sÐ`f R>¡ L¡$ _lu, v$çcpqv$ vy$Ny®Zp¡\u frls R>¡ L¡$_tl; s¡dS> îudv¹$cpNhs yfpZ_p dd®_p¡ ÅZL$pf R>¡L¡$ _rl ApV$gu hpsp¡ kfMufus¡ QL$pku gu^p `R>u S> s¡_u `pk¡ Nyf ybyrÙ fpMu_¡ S>hy „ Å¡BA¡(s.v$u.r_.2&227).

S>¡ yfyj¡ Ap dpN®dp„ Nyfy sfuL¡$ cNhÐk¡hp_p¡ D`v¡$i Ap`hp_p¡ R>¡ s¡ `p¡s¡cNhÐk¡hp_¡ DÑd NZsp¡ lp¡e sp¡ ip dpV¡$ `p¡s¡ `Z cNhÐk¡hpdp„ sÐ`f _\pe—? s¡\u Nyfy L©$óZk¡hpdp„ sÐ`f sp¡ lp¡hp¡ S> Å¡Be¡. s¡ L©$óZk¡hp c[¼scphrihpe buÅ L$p¡B `Z l¡sy (v„$c-L$pd-gp¡c-ârsóW$p)—\u â¡qfs _ lp¡hu Å¡Be¡.s¡\u Nyfy \hp S>_pf yfyjdp„ v$çcpqv$ NyZp¡ _ lp¡hp Å¡Be¡. Ap cNhÐk¡hp `ZÅ¡ e\p¡ qv$óV$ âpdprZL$ lp¡e sp¡ S> kag \pe R>¡. _rl sp¡ byrÙ L¡$ ùv$e dp„

60 61

L$pƒBL$ cmsp S> rhQpfp¡ L¡$ cphp¡ fpMu_¡ Å¡ k¡hp L$fhpdp„ Aphsu lp¡e sp¡ s¡huk¡hp kag \su _\u. s¡\u Nyfy_y„ îudv¹$cpNhssÒho lp¡hy„ `Z S>fyfu R>¡. A¡hpNyfy_¡ ip¡ _pfp¡ `Z `pR>p¡ rS>opky lp¡hp¡ Å¡Be¡. a¼s L$p¥syL$ L¡$ s¡hp buÅ cphp¡fpMu_¡ _hy„-_hy„ L$p„BL$ AS>dphu g¡hp_u d_p¡h©rÑhpgp¡ _ lp¡hp¡ Å¡Be¡. s¡ `R>uNyfyA¡ D`v¡$i¡g âL$pf¡ kh®cph\u cNhÐk¡hp L$fhu Å¡Be¡. Ap S> cS>_ L$fhp_ukpQu furs R>¡.(s.qv$._u.â.2&227).

d|gL$pqfL$pdp„ "huÿe' `v$_p¡ âep¡N L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡, s¡\u buÅ dpN®L$fsp„ Ap dpN®_u rhgnZsp kdÅhhp dpN¡ R>¡. "Bn' _p¡ A\® R>¡—: "Å¡hy„-A„qL$s L$fhy„'. s¡_u kp\¡ "rh' D`kN® Å¡X$u_¡ îudlpâcy, Nyfy_u `funp kfMufus¡ L$fhu s¡hy„ k|Q_ L$fhp dpN¡ R>¡. S>¡d sÞÓipõÓdp„ L$l¡hpey„ R>¡ L¡$ NyfyA¡rióe_u `funp L$fhu Å¡BA¡ s¡d Ap dpN®dp„ rióe¡ Nyfy_u `funp L$fhu Å¡Be¡s¡hp¡ r_ed R>¡. _rl sp¡ S>¡ yfyjdp„ E`f S>Zph¡g gnZp¡ _ dmsp lp¡e s¡_¡NpX$qfep âhpldp„ sZpsp¡ Y$p¡f S>¡hp¡ NZhp¡ Å¡Be¡. A¡hp_y„ A_ykfZ L$fhp\uA¡L$ Ap„ mp¡ buÅ Ap„ mp_¡ A_ykf¡ A_¡ Äepf¡ A¡L$ `X¡$ Ðepf¡ buÅ¡ `Z `X$uÅe—! A¡hu L$ap¡X$u `qf[õ\rs kÅ®ep rh_p _rl fl¡. îudlpâcyA¡ "S>gc¡v$'N°Þ\ `Z Nyfy_u `funp L$ep Ap^pf¡ L$fhu s¡ kdÅhhp S> âL$V$ L$ep£ R>¡...Aphubû hpsp¡_u L$pmÆ fp¿ep rh_p b°ûkçbÞ^v$unp kag \su _\u. Apdb°ûkçbÞ^v$unp Ap`hpdpV¡$ L$p¡Z Ar^L$pfu lp¡B iL¡$ R>¡ s¡ S>Zphu_¡ L$p¡_u`pk¡ b°ûkçbÞ^v$unp _ g¡hu s¡ `Z îudlpâcyA¡ kdÅhu v$u y R>¡.

(s.v$u.r_.â.AphfZc„N.2&227).

(I)_mhmËå`kmnZm ¡d ldU§ JwUH$_©Um_²Ÿ&emñÌmUm_wn`moJmo@Ì VÌmH$mL²>jm Jwamo ©doV²Ÿ&&H¥$îUgodmna§ drú` Xå^m{Xa{hV§ Za_²Ÿ&lr^mJdVVÎdk§ ÔoV² {OkmgwamXamX²Ÿ&&XohÐmoÊ`m {``mgyZm§ na§ nma§ ^dmå~wYo…Ÿ&JwéUm H$U©YmaoU CÎmm`m© ñdmonXoeV…Ÿ&&

(gmYZXr{nH$m.9-11).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (M)—cNhÞdplpÐçeop_ d¡mhhp dpV¡$ cNhv¹$NyZp¡ A_¡ cNhëgugpAp¡

_y„ îhZ AphíeL$ R>¡. ipõÓp¡_u Dèp¡rNsp `Z Al]S> Ecu \pe R>¡. s¡\uL©$óZk¡hpdp„ sÐ`f, v$çcpqv$ vy$Ny®Zp¡\u frls; s¡dS> îucpNhs_p dd®o lp¡hp_pê$`dp„ kfMu fus¡ Å¡B-ÅZu_¡ rS>opkyA¡ L$p¡BL$ yfyj_¡ Apv$fkrls Nyfy b_phu_¡cS>_dp„ âh©Ñ \B S>hy„ Å¡BA¡. S>¡Ap¡ `p¡sp_p v¡$l_u lp¡X$L$gu\u chkpNf_¡`pf L$fhp dpNsp„ lp¡e s¡Ap¡_p L$Z® pf b_u_¡ NyfyA¡ `p¡sp_p kvy$`v¡$i\u s¡d_¡`pf gNpX$hp Å¡BA¡.(kp.v$u.9-11).

(J) joÌà{dîQ>mñVo Mm{n g§gmamoËn{ÎmhoVd…

(Ob oX.4).

ZZw ~«÷d¡dV} lrH¥$îUOÝ_IÊS>o ""H$ë`mUgyŠVgm_m{Z haoZm©_¡H$_“b§Hw$d©pÝV {dH«$ § o d¡ Vofm§ ^maoU nr{S>Vm'' B{V ~«÷mU§ à{V n¥{WdrdmŠ`mV²Ÿ,""_ÝZm_{dH«$`r {dàmo Z{h _wŠVmo ^doX² Y«wd§ _¥Ë wH$mbo M _ÝZm_ñ_¥{V_mÌ§Z {dÚVo'' B{V lrZÝX§ à{V ^JdÛmŠ`mÀM Zm_{dH«$`ñ` XmofËdo {eî oä`mo^JdÝZm_monXoeñ`m{n XmofËdmn{Îm…, VÌ {eî`monT>m¡{H$VJ«hUoZ Zm_{dH«$`gå^dmX²B {V M oV ² Ÿ , gË`_ ². VWm{n J wéËdñ` gmh{OH$~ « m÷Ud ¥ {Î mËd oZAË`mÁ`ËdmV²Ÿ...ŸEdÄM M `V² à wMaU¡… CŠV§ ""{dMm £d gXm Xo § H¥$îUZm_{deofV… A{dMm[aVXmZoZ ñd § XmVm {dZí`{V'' B{V; VÌm{n ñdñ` {eî`ñ`M CÕma§ {dMm £d Xo _². bmo mX² A{dMm[aVXmZo Vw Zm_{dH«$`mnÎ`m XmVm ñd`_²AnamY^mJ² ^d{V B{V AWm} ko ….

(Ob oX.lrnwéfmoÎm_OrH¥$V.{dd¥{V 4).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (N)—OfN©lõ\u_p r_hp®ldpV¡$ cNhv¹$-NyZNp_ L$f_pfpAp¡_p dyM\u

kp„cmhpdp„ Aph¡gu cNhÐL$\p k„kpfpk[¼s h^pf_pfu lp¡e R>¡.(S>.c¡.4)

62 63

Atlep A¡L$ âï_ Dv¹$ch¡ R>¡ L¡$ b°ûh¥hs® yfpZ_p îuL©$óZS>ÞdM„X$dp„""L$ëepZk|¼skpdpr_ lf¡_p®d¥L$d„Ng„ Ly$h®[Þs rh¾$e„ e¡ h¥ s¡jp„ cpf¡Z ùX$usp''b°ûpÆ_¡ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡g Ap ©ÕhuhQ_; s¡dS> ""dÞ_pdrh¾$eu rhâp¡ _rldy¼sp¡ ch¡v¹$ ^°yh„ d©ÐeyL$pg¡ Q dÞ_pdõd©rsdpÓ„ _ rhÛs¡'' îu_Þv$_¡ L$l¡hpdp„Aph¡g cNhv¹$hQ__p Ap^pf¡ `Z, cNhÞ_pd_p rh¾$e_¡ v$p¡jê$ ¡ NZhpdp„Apìep¡ R>¡. Aphu [õ\rsdp„ Nyfyc¡V$ f_pf p¡sp_p„ rióe_¡ Z cNhÞ_pdp¡ v¡$iv$p¡jê$` NZpi¡. L¡$dL¡$ rióe Üpfp ^fhpdp„ Aphsu c¡V$ Å¡ õhuL$pfhpdp„ Aphsulp¡e sp¡ s¡ `Z A¡L$ Ås_p¡ _pdrh¾$e S> \ep¡ L$l¡hpe—! hps sp¡ kpQu `ZNyfyÐh A¡ b°pûZ_u klS> A_¡ ipõÓp_ydp¡qv$s ApÆrhL$p R>¡. s¡\u s¡_¡ ÐepÄedp_u iL$psu _\u—...—hmu îuâcyQfZ¡ S>¡ hps L$lu R>¡ ""`pÓp`pÓ_p¡ kfMp¡rhQpf L$fu_¡ S> L$p„B `Z v$p_ Ap`hy„ Å¡Be¡, s¡dp„e îuL©$óZ_p _pdp¡_p v$p_dp„ sp¡s¡ bpbs_u L$pmÆ Mpk g¡hu Å¡Be¡, _rl sp¡ rh_p rhQpf¡ îuL©$óZ_p _pd_y v$p_L$fhp\u õhe„ v$p_L$sp®_p¡ S> rh_pi \pe R>¡ '', s¡\u `p¡sp_p A_¡ rióe_pDÙpf_u L¡$hg cph_p fpMu_¡ Å¡ _pdv$unp Ap`hpdp„ Aphsu lp¡e sp¡ L$p¡Bhp„ pS>_L$ hps _\u. _rl sp¡ gp¡c_¡ L$pfZ¡ `pÓp`pÓ_p rhh¡L$ fp¿ep rh_p Å¡_pdv$unp_y„ v$p_ Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ _pdrh¾$e_p¡ v$p¡j S> R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡v$unpv$psp A`fpû b_¡ R>¡ ( yfyjp¡ÑdÆL©$s S>.c¡.rhh©rÑ 4).

(K) gM Xwb© B{V VoZm{n dŠVì`àH$ma_² AmhŸ-

VX^mdo ñd § dm{n _y{Vª H¥$Ëdm hao… Šd{MV²Ÿ& n[aM`mª gXm Hw$`m©V² VÐyn§ VÌM pñWV_²Ÿ&&

"VX^mdo' B{V. "Šd{MX²'Ÿ-Xoe{deofo gËn[anpÝWZm_² A^md wŠVo, "hao…_y{V© H¥$Ëdm' ÔoV². A`_od Añ` _mJ©ñ` àH$ma… CÎm_…, `V² _yVm£ H¥$V§ gdª^Jd{V H¥$V§ ^d{V.

(V.Xr.{Z.à.2Ÿ&228).

ZZw AÌ _ybEd Hw$R>manmV B{V AmH$mL²>jm`m§ H$bo… ~{bîR>ËdoZ A{J«_ofwJwébjUm^md_² AmbmoÀ` ñdpñ_ÝZod EVÝ_mJu`JwéËd§ {Z`ÀN>ÝV Amhþ…"gM'ŸBË`m{X. "VX^mdo'ŸBË`m{X AmkmnZmX² BX§ kmËdm H$aUo ""`pñËdÀN>`mH¥$V… nwpåâm^mgmo øml_mËn¥WJ²'' B{V Am^mgËdm^md… godm`m…,V¥Vr`ñH$ÝYmoŠV-_m¡T>çm^mdíM godmH$Vw©… gm{YV… ñd`_od godmH$aUo{nàH$ma{deofgÝXoho VmÑem `{X {_bpÝV VXm àH$mam§eo àîQ>ì`m… BË`{n gy{MV_².

(V.Xr.{Z.à.Am. §.2Ÿ&228).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (O)—Aphp¡ Nyfy dmhp¡ sp¡ kl¡g _\u s¡\u s¡hp L$`fp k„Å¡Ndp„ iy„ L$fhy„ s¡

lh¡ kdÅhhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡—-—

Aphp¡ Nyfy Å¡ _ dmsp¡ lp¡e sp¡ cNhp_¹_u d|rs®_¡ (ApfpÝe)b_phu_¡ `qfQep®—=—cS>_ sp¡ ¼ep„L$ kv$p L$fhy„S> Å¡BA¡, L¡$dL¡$ d|rs®dp„cNhp_¹_y„ ê$` A_¡ kÒh bÞ_¡ rhÛdp_ lp¡eS> R>¡.

L$p¡BL$ A¡hp v¡$idp„ L¡$ Äep„ kÄS>_p¡_u kp\¡ ApX$pB L$f_pfp gp¡L$p¡ fl¡sp _lp¡e Ðep„ flu_¡ lqf_u d|rs® (_¡ ApfpÝe) b_phu_¡ cS>_ L$fu g¡hy„ Å¡BA¡.cS>__p¡ ApS> âL$pf Ap dpN®dp„ DÑd NZpe R>¡. cNhÞd|rs®_¡ dpV¡$ S>¡ L$p„BL$fhpdp„ Aph¡ s¡ kpnps¹ cNhp_¹ dpV¡$ L$f¡gy„ kdÆ g¡hy„ (s.v$u.r_.â.2&228).

Al] A¡L$ âí_ Dcp¡ \pe R>¡ L¡$ îudlpâcyA¡ S>¡hp gnZhpmp Nyfy\uv$unp¡ v¡$i gB_¡ cNhÐk¡hpdp„ âh©Ñ \hp_y„ L$øey„ R>¡ s¡hp gnZp¡\u ey¼s Nyfybmhp_ L$rgeyN_¡ L$pfZ¡ Å¡ ApNm S>sp„ _ dm¡ sp¡ iy„ L$fhy„—? Ap_p kdp^p_ê$ ¡s¡hu [õ\rsdp„ Ap dpN®dp„ Nyfy v$ `p¡sp_p |fsy dep®qv$s fpMu_¡ Apop Ap ¡ R>¡L¡$ Aphu `qf[õ\rsdp„ Ås¡S> cNhÐk¡hpdp„ âh©Ñ \B S>hy„ Å¡BA¡. Aphuîudlpâcy_u Apop_¡ rifp¡dpÞe L$fu_¡ S>¡ Ås¡ S> cNhÐk¡hpdp„ sÐ`f \BÅe R>¡ s¡_u s¡hu L©$rsdp„ ^dp®cpksp—-—`pjÎX$_p¡ Apfp¡ gpNsp¡ _\u L¡$ S>¡^dp®cpksp_¡ ""e[õÐhR¹>e>p L©$s: y[çcfpcpkp¡ üpîdps¹ ©\L¹$'' hQ_dp„ r_[Þv$s

64 65

W$fphhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. cpNhs_p s©sueõL$Þ^dp„ Z S>¡hu d|Y$sp_u r_Þv$p L$fhpdp„Aphu R>¡ s¡ `Z Aphu fus¡ bfpbf kdÆ_¡ k¡hp L$f_pfp_u bpbsdp„ gpN|`X$su _\u. Ås¡ S> S>¡Ap¡ cNhÐk¡hpdp„ âh©Ñ \ep lp¡e s¡Ap¡ `Z k¡hp_ubpbsdp„ L$p¡BL$ rhi¡j dprlsu d¡mhhp dp„Nsp lp¡e sp¡ s¡hp ÅZL$pf L$p¡BL$cNhv$ue_¡ dmu_¡ d¡mhu iL¡$ R>¡ Ap `Z Ap r_ê$`Z\u k|rQs \pe R>¡(s.v$u.r_.â.Ap.c„.2&228).

(2) godmñdê$n

(H$) EVXod godmñdê$n_² B{V Amhþ… "MoV²' B{VŸ-Ÿ

MoVñVËàdU§ godm VpËgÕç¡ VZw{dÎmOmŸ& CŠVgodmgmYZo BVao B{V Amhþ… "VX²' B{V. {dÎm§ XÎdm AÝ oZ nwéfoU

H¥$Ëdm H$m[aVm EH$m, EVmÑeoZ nw§gm H¥$Vm M Anam, EVmÑí`m¡ Vo VËgm{YHo$ ZB{V A{^àm`kmnH§$ g_ñV§ nX_². EVoZ ^JdXWª {Zén{Y-ñdgd©ñd-{ZdoXZ-nyd©H§$ VÌ¡d ñdXoh{d{Z`moJo àopåU OmVo gm ^d{V B{V ^md….

Ÿ(Ÿlrà^wMaUH¥$V-{gÕmÝV_wŠVmdbr-{dd¥{Îm 2). VX² MoX² {dÎm§ doVZËdoZ XÎdm H$m ©Vo VXm gm {MÎmñ` amOgËd§ Hw$d©ÝVr

{MÎmñ` VËàdUËd§ Z H$amo{V. `{X M {dÎm§ doVZËdoZ J¥hrËdm {H«$`Vo VXmF$pËdOmo `mJdV² ñdñ` VËàdUËdê$n§ \$b§ Z gmY`{V.

Ÿ({g._w.{d.àH$me.2)

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (L$)—L©$óZk¡hp_y„ Ap S> õhê$` R>¡ S>¡ "Q¡sk¹...'Üpfp îudlpâcy kdÅhhp

dpN¡ R>¡—-—

Q¡sk¹=rQÑ_y„ L©$óZdp„ âhZ=sÞde \hy„ s¡ L©$óZk¡hp. s¡ rQÑ_uL©$óZâhZspê$` L©$óZk¡hp rkÙ \pe R>¡ s_yrhÑÅ k¡hp L$fhp\u.

rQÑ_¡ L©$óZâhZ L$fhp_p kp^_p¡ buÅ—(=s_y A_¡ rhÑ) R>¡ s¡ îudlpâcykdÅhu füpƒ R>¡—-"sv¹$...'BÐepqv$.—...— ¥kp Apù_¡ L$p¡BL$ buÅ dpZk \L$uL$fphhpdpƒ Aphsu k¡hp s¡ k¡hp_p¡ A¡L$ âL$pf R>¡; A_¡ Aphu fus¡ L©$óZk¡hpdpV¡$L$p¡BL$ buÅ dpZk `pk¡\u ¥kp gB_¡ L$fhpdp„ Aphsu k¡hp s¡ k¡hp_p¡ buÅ¡âL$pf R>¡. Aphp bÞ_¡ âL$pfp¡\u L$fhpdp„ Aphsu k¡hpAp¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ rQÑ ¼epf¡eL©$óZâhZ b_u iL$sy _\u, Aphp `p¡sp_p Arcâpe_¡ âL$V$ L$fhp dpV¡$îudlpâcyA¡ "s_yrhÑÅ'—ê$` kdõs `v$_p¡ âep¡N L$ep£ R>¡. Ap\u rkÙ \pe R>¡L¡$ L$p¡B `Z Ås_p gp¥qL$L$ cphp¡_¡ Apû_ \ep hNf `p¡sp_y„ kh®õh cNhp__¡r_h¡qv$s L$fu_¡, `p¡sp_p v¡$l_p¡ `Z rhr_ep¡N Äepf¡ cNhp_dpV¡$ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡,Ðepf `R>u cNhÐâ¡d âL$V$ \sp„ rQÑ L©$óZâhZ b_u iL¡$ R>¡(rk.dy.rh.2).

s¡ ApæeÞsfc[¼skp^L$ bpøep¡ pe Å¡ L$p¡BL$ s_yÅ k¡hp L$f_pf buÅ_¡h¡s_-s_yÅ—k¡hp_p d|ëe-ê$ ¡ rhÑ Apù_¡ L$fphhpdp„ Aphsu lp¡e Ðepf¡ s¡rhÑÅ k¡hp rQÑ_¡ fpS>kcph-v$ ®-v$çc-\u ey¼s b_ph¡ R>¡ `Z L©$óZâhZb_phu iL$su _\u. Å¡ buÅ L$p¡BL$ `pk¡\u rhÑ h¡s_-s_yÅ—k¡hp_p d|ëe-_pê$ ¡ N°lZ L$fu_¡ s_yÅ k¡hp L$fhpdp„ Aphsu lp¡e Ðepf¡ Np¡fdlpfpS>_¡ S>¡deoepN_y„ am dmsy„ _\u s¡d `pfL$p ¥kp\u L$fhpdp„ Aphsu s_yÅ k¡hpL$f_pf_¡ `Z L©$óZâhZspê$` ag ¼epf¡e dmsy„ _\u(rk.dy.rh.âL$pi.2).

(I) ""`X² `X² BîQ>V_§ bmoHo$Ÿ...ŸVV² H¥$îUo gmY oX² Y«wd_²''. ^JdËgodm`m_{n pŠbîQ>§ Z g_n©òV²...gÝ_mJm}nm{O©V§, Z AÝòfm§

^mJê$n_²Ÿ...ŸBVa{ZfoYmW©_² EVX² CŠV_².Ÿ(V.Xr.{Z.à.2Ÿ&236).

ZZw ^dVw Ed§ VWm{n ^Jd{V `V² g_n©Ur § VX² CÎm__od g_n©Ur`{_{VVXW ©_ ²-A{YH$_{n bm oH $ mZ w aÄOZmÚW ª à{V~ÝYH${Zd ¥Î`W ª M...bm¡{H$H$MmVw`©àmßVm¡ nwZ… ~m{h_w ©»`àmpßV[a{V VpÝZd¥Î`W©_² Amhþ…Ÿ-

66 67

"^JdX²'ŸBË`m{X. VWmM Ed_² ApŠbîQ>ñ` gÝ_mJ}U CnmO©Zo VmdX² A{n VÝZ^{dî`{V B{V AW©… EVXod ~moY{`Vw_² Amhþ… "BVa'BË`m{X.

(V.Xr.{Z.à.Am. §.2Ÿ&236).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (M)—""S>¡ L$p„C gp¡L$dp„ CóV$sd R>¡...s¡_¡ L©$óZ_u k¡hpdp„ gNpX$hy„ Å¡CA¡

''. cNhÐk¡hpdp„ `Z ¼g¡iâv$ kpdN°u_y„ kd ®Z _ L$fhy„ Å¡CA¡. k¡hpdp„kdr ®s \_pf kpdN°u `Z kÞdpN®\u D`prS>®s L$f¡gu lp¡hu Å¡CA¡, A¡hu L¡$S>¡dp„ buÅ L$p¡BL$_p¡ rlõkp¡ _ lp¡e.—...—AÞe âL$pf¡ D`prS>®s kpdN°u_p rhr_ep¡N_p¡r_j¡ L$fhp Ap hps L$l¡hpdp„ Aphu R>¡ (s.v$u.r_.â.Ap.c„.2&236).

Al] A¡L$ âï_ Ecp¡ \pe R>¡ L¡$ cNhÐk¡hpdp„ S>¡ L$p„C hõsy L¡$ kpdN°ucNhp__¡ kdr ®s L$fhp_u lp¡e s¡ DÑd sp¡ lp¡hu S> Å¡Be¡ s¡_p dpV¡$; s¡dS>gp¡L$p¡_¡ Myi L$fhp dpV¡$ A\hp sp¡ ârsbÞ^p¡ v|$f L$fhp dpV¡$ `Z ¼epf¡L$ h |âdpZdp„ `Z kdr ®s L$fhpdpV¡$, L$p„BL$ gp¥qL$L$ QsyfpB sp¡ hp`fhu S> `X$sulp¡e R>¡. Apd brld®yM \hp_u i¼esp sp¡ L$ped fl¡ S> R>¡. Ap Api„qL$sbrldy®Msp_u r_h©rÑ_p¡ D`pe kdÅhhp îudlpâcyA¡ "cNhs¹....'`v$_p¡ âep¡NL$ep£ R>¡. Apd ¼g¡ifrls hõsy `Z Äepf¡ kÞdpN®\u d¡mh¡gu lp¡e sp¡ L$v$pQbrldy®Msp _rl Dv¹$ch¡ A¡hp¡ Apie R>¡. Ap S> hps_¡ kdÅhhp îudlpâcyA¡AÞe...'—`v$_p¡ âep¡N L$ep£ R>¡ (s.v$u.r_.â.Ap.c„.2&236).

(J) ñd_mJu`àH$mamo@ § gdm}{n {h {Zê$ß`VoŸ& J¥hrËdm Zm_ eaU§ JËdm gdª g_ß © MŸ&& godmgmW©H$Vm{gÕç¡ XohmXrZm§ VWm nwZ…Ÿ& AÝ`Ìm{d{Z`moJm` {H«$`Vm§ VZw{dÎmOmŸ&&

(lrh[aamÒrH¥$V-ñd_mJu`-eaU-g_n©U-godm-{Zê$nU_².1-3).(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…)

(N)—õhdpN}e kp^_p_p Ap b^p âL$pf_¡ r_ê$r`s L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡._pd `pdu_¡, ifZv$unp gB_¡; s\p b y„ S> kd ®Z L$fu_¡ k¡hp A_¡ v¡$lpqv$_u A¡hu kp\®L$sp rkÙ L$fhp dpV¡$, S>¡\u L$fu_¡ v¡$lpqv$_p¡ ¼ep„L$ AÞeÓ rhr_ep¡N_ \B Åe, s_yrhÑÅ k¡hp L$fhu Å¡BA¡ (õh.i.k.k¡.r_.1-3).

(K) `ñVw ñd_mJu`-godmñdê$n-kmZm^mddmZ² _mJ©arË`m lÕ`m `WmH$WpÄMV²

ñdê$ngodm§ MoV² H$amoVr{V VËgodm`m… Ho$db^m¡{VH$ËdmV² ""bmoH$mWu MoX² ÔoV²H¥$îU_²'' B{V Ý`m`ñ` OmVËdmV² VXm gd©Wm g§pŠbîQ>mo d{V, VXm OZË`mJ….

(ñdê$nVmaVå`{ZU© ).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (O)—S>¡_¡ õhdpN}e k¡hp-õhê$`_y„ op_ _ lp¡e A¡hu ìe[¼s Äepf¡

dpN®_u a¼s ê$Y$u dyS>b, kdS> hu_p_u L$p¡fu îÙp_¡ Ap^pf¡, S>¡d-s¡d õhê$`k¡hpL$fhp d„X¡$ sp¡ s¡hu k¡hp L¡$hm Apr^cp¥rsL$ k¡hp lp¡e R>¡. s¡ [õ\rsdp „ ""gp¡L$p\}Q¡v¹$ cS>¡s¹ L©$óZd¹...''—Þepe âdpZ¡ A¡hp¡ k¡hpL$sp® ¼g¡i S> `pd¡ R>¡. Ðepf¡cS>_ R>p¡X$u v¡$hy„ Å¡BA¡ (õh.sp.r_.)

(3) godmàXe©Z

(H$) JdX² mdñ` agmË_H$ËdoZ JwßVñ ¡d A{^d¥{Õñd^mdH$ËdmX² Aml_Y_£aod

bmoHo$ ñd§ ^JdX² md_² AZm{dîHw$d©Z² ÔoV² BË oVXme oZ Vo Y_m© CŠVm…. JmonZo_w» § hoVw_² Amh "AÝd`mX²' B{V. `Vmo ^JdVm g__² AÝd §Ÿ=Ÿgå~ÝY§ àmß`dV©Vo, AVmo hoVmo… VWm. AÌ ""ë`ãbmono nÄM_r'' EVoZ `mdX² AÝV…H$aUogmjmV² à^mo àmH$Q>ç§ ZmpñV, VmdXod ~{ham{dîH$aU§ ^d{V, àmH$Q>ço Vw Z VWmgå^d{V B{V km{nV_².

68 69

Ÿ(AUw mî`.3Ÿ&4Ÿ&49).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (L$)—cph Nyàs fl¡ sp¡ S> h©tÙNs \B iL¡$ R>¡. s¡\u S>Nsdp„ `p¡sp_p

Apîd^dp£_u ApX$dp„ `p¡sp_p cNhv¹$cph_¡ Nyàs fpMu_¡ cNhv¹$cS>_ L$fhy„Å¡BA¡. Ap l¡sykf S> cNhv¹$cph_u kp\p¡kp\ Apîd^dp£_y„ `Z r_ê$`ZL$fhpdp„ Apìey„ R>¡. S>¡_p ùv$edp„ âcy âL$V$ _\u bufpS>sp s¡S> `p¡sp_p cphp¡_¡Myëg¡Apd âv$ri®s L$fsp¡ lp¡e R>¡. Å¡ âcy ùv$edp„ rbfpS>sp lp¡e sp¡ cphp¡_y„DOpX¡$R>p¡N âv$i®_ k„ch _\u (AÏcpóe.3&4&49).

(I) ñdr`mZ² ^ŠVmZ² àXe© oV².

Ÿ(gmYZXr{nH$m.108)

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (M)—S>¡Ap¡ `p¡sp_p õhS>_ lp¡e A_¡ c¼s lp¡e s¡Ap¡_¡S> îuW$pL$p¡fÆ_p

v$i®_ L$fphhp Å¡BA¡. (kp^_v$ur`L$p.108).

(J)38V_mo AnamY…Ÿ=ŸJwéXodV`mo… JwßVàH$Q>rH$aU_². \$b§Ÿ=ŸídmZ`mo{ZÌ`_².11AnamY…Ÿ=ŸAd¡îUdñ` ñdgoì`àXe©Z_². \$b§Ÿ=Ÿdm{f©H$godm--{Zî\$bËd_².àm`píMÎm§Ÿ=ŸnÄMm_¥VñZmZ_².36V_m o AnamY…Ÿ=Ÿ^JdÝZmåZm `mMZ_². \$b_² Ÿ=ŸCnMmaZ ¡î\$b_²àm`píMÎm§Ÿ=ŸnÄMJw{UV-Z¡d¡Ú-XmZ_².35V_mo AnamY…Ÿ=ŸJwdm©kmoëb”Z_². \$b_²Ÿ=ŸA{gnÌm{X-Kmoa-ZaH$-nmV….àm`píMV_²Ÿ=Ÿd¡îUd-Jwé-àgmXZ_².(lrh[aamÒr-{da{MV-fQ²>npîR>anamYñVË\$bm{Z-àm`píMÎmm{Z-M).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (N)—38dp¡ A`fp^—:—Nyfy L¡$ v¥$hs—(=îuW$pLy$fÆ _u hpsp¡)—_p Nyàs-flõe_¡

âL$V$ L$fhy„. ag—:—ÓZ S>Þdp¡ ky u íhp_ep¡r_.

11dp¡ A`fp^—:—Ah¥óZh kdn p¡sp_¡ Of¡ bufpS>sp îuW$pL$p¡fÆ_y„ âv$i®_L$fhy„. ag—:—A¡L$ hj®_u k¡hp r_óag \B Åe R>¡. âpe[íQs—:—îuW$pL$p¡fÆ_¡„Qpd©s\u õ_p_ L$fphhy„.

36dp¡ A`fp^—:—îuW$pL$p¡fÆ (—îucpNhs L¡$ îuedy_pÆ_u gp¡V$uÆ—) _p_pd¡ ("c¡V$' "kpdN°u', "`p¡\uk¡hp' L¡$ "Þep¡R>phf') dp„Nhy„. ag—:—k¡hp kh®\pr_óag b_u Åe R>¡. âpe[íQs—:—S>¡V$gy„ dp„Áey„ L¡$ c¡Ny„ L$ey® lp¡e s¡_p\u `p„QNÏ_¥h¡Û âcy_¡ v$p_ (_rl L¡$ kd ®Z—!) ê$ ¡ Ap`hy„.

35dp¡ A`fp^—:—Nyfy-îudlpâcy-_u Apop_y„ Dëg„O_ L$fhy„. ag—:—Ark`ÓhN¡f¡ _pdp¡hpmp Op¡f _fL$p¢dp„ `ps. âpe[íQs—:—h¥óZh A_¡ Nyfy_¡ âkÞ_ L$fhp(îulqf.rh.jV¹$).

(4) godmà`moOZ

(H$)ŸZ bm¡{H$H$… à w… H¥$îUmo _ZwVo Z¡d bm¡{H$H$_²Ÿ&^mdñVÌmß`ñ_Xr`… gd©ñdíM¡{hH$íM g…Ÿ&&nabmoH$íM VoZm § gd© mdoZ gd©WmŸ&goì`… gEd Jmonremo {dYmñ`Ë`{Ib§ {h Z…Ÿ&&

({ejmnÚm{Z)

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (L$)—_ sp¡ îuL©$óZ gp¥qL$L$ âcy R>¡ L¡$ _ s¡ ¼epf¡e gp¥qL$L$ cphp¡_p¡ A„NuL$pf

L$f¡ R>¡. Adpfp¡ cph sp¡ îuL©$óZ_u bpbsdp„ Ap S> R>¡ L¡$ îuL©$óZ Adpfp kh®õh

70 71

R>¡, A¥rlL$ `Z A_¡ `pfgp¥qL$L$ `Z. s¡\u kh®cph\u kh®\p k¡ìe s¡ Np¡ ui S>R>¡. s¡Ap¡ S> A`Ï„ b y„ L$fi¡ (rinp`Û).

(I) ""bm¡H$mWu MoX² ÔoV² H¥$îU§ pŠbîQ>mo ^d{V gd©WmŸ&''

(Ÿ{g._w.16Ÿ).

ZZw H$píMX² Or{dH$mÚW©_{n OVo Vñ` H$m J{V…Ÿ? BË`V Amhþ… "bmoH$mWu'B{V. "bmoH$'nXoZ bm¡{H$H$mo AW©… CÀ`Vo. VXWu MoV² H¥$îU§ ÔoV² VXm ì`mnmadX²AW} {gÕo Vñ`m{n AZW©ê$nËdoZ VËH¥$VÔZñ` ^pŠVËdm^mdmV² VËH¥$V§ gdªŠboeê$n_od, AV… pŠbîQ>mo ^d{V B{V AW©…. Z Ho$db_² Eo{hH$… Šboe… {H$ÝVwnabmoH$mo{n Zí`{V {Z{fÕmMaUm{X{V "gd©Wm' B{V CŠV_². `ñ` ñdën_{n kmZ§g Z¡d§ H$amo{V; gd©Wm VÐ{hV… H$píMX² Ed§ Hw$`m©X{n B{V "MoX²' B{V CŠV_²Ÿ.

(lrà^wMaU{da{MV-{g._w.{dd¥{Îm.16).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (M)—""Å¡ L$p¡BL$ gp¡L$p\} L©$óZ_y„ cS>_ L$f¡ sp¡ s¡ kh®\p ¼g¡i_¡ S> `pd¡

R>¡.''(—rk.dy.16—).

L$p¡B ApÆrhL$p L¡$ ei hN¡f¡ L$dphhp dpV¡$ cS>_ L$f¡ sp¡ s¡_u iu Nrs \pe—? s¡hu rS>opkp_p kdp^p_p\£ îudlpâcyÆA¡ Ap ígp¡L$ L$øep¡ R>¡. "gp¡L$'_p¡A\® R>¡ gp¥qL$L$ ^_pqv$. s¡hu L$pd_p fpMu Å¡ L$p¡B L©$óZ_¡ cS>¡ sp¡ S>¡d „ p¡L$fsp ^_pqv$ âpàs \pe R>¡ s¡d ^_pqv$ sp¡ âpàs \pe R>¡. s¡ ^_, `fÞsy,A_\®ê$` S> lp¡hp\u s\p s¡hpAp¡_y„ cS>_ c[¼sê$` _ lp¡hp\u s¡d_y„ L$f¡gy„ kh®(—`pqfhpqfL$-kpdprS>L$-kp„âv$preL$—) ¼g¡iê$` S> \pe R>¡. s¡\u s¡ ìe[¼s `ZA„s¡ ¼g¡i S> `pd¡ R>¡—-—A¡hp¡ îudlpâcyÆ_p L$\__p¡ kpakpa A\® R>¡. hpsL¡$hm A¥rlL$ (—A¡V$g¡ L¡$ `qfhpf-kdpS>-k„âv$pe—) dp„ ¼g¡i `f _\u AV$L$su,`fgp¡L$_p Ar^L$pf A_¡ ag _p¡ `Z Aphp r_rjÙpQfZ_¡ L$pfZ¡ _pi \pe R>¡.A¡ õ`óV$ L$fhp îudlpâcyA¡ "kh®\p' A¡d L$üy„. S>¡_¡ (—ipõÓ-dpN®-`f„ fp-

cNhÐõhê$`-c[¼scph-_urs_y„—) AÐeë` `Z op_ L¡$ k„õL$pf lp¡e R>¡ s¡Aphy„ Ly$L©$Ðe L$fu iL$sp¡ _\u, `Z L$p¡B fX¹$e$p¡MX¹$e$p¡ Aphp op_ A_¡ k„õL$pf \ukh®\p frls S> lp¡e s¡ Aphy„ L$fu Z b¡k¡ A¡ k„cph_p_¡ _ _L$pfsp„ îudlpâcyA¡"Å¡' A¡d L$üy„.(îuâcy.rh.rk.dy.rh.16).

(J) Vñ` godm§ àHw$duV `mdÁOrd§ ñdY_©V…Ÿ& Z \$bmWª Z ^moJmWª Z à{VîR>mà{gÕ oŸ&& lr_XmMm ©_mJ}U ZmÝ oZm{n H$XmMZŸ& Z H$pënVàH$maoU Z Xw m©dg_Ýd`mV²Ÿ&&

({ejmnÌ_² 18Ÿ&12-13).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (N)—`p¡sp_¡ dp\¡ rbfpS>sp îuW$pL$p¡fÆ_u k¡hp õh^d® (—`p¡sp_p s_-

d_-^_-N©l-`qfhpf_p S> rhr_ep¡N_¡—) _cphsp„ L$fhu Å¡BA¡. L$p¡B ag L¡$cp¡N L¡$ ârsóW$p âpàs L$fhp dpV¡$ _l], hmu s¡ k¡hp `Z îudv$pQpe®QfZÜpfpr_qv®$óV$ dpN®_¡ A_ykpf S> L$fhu Å¡BA¡ (—k„NW$_-ârinZ-S>_L$ëepZ_pgp¡L$prcds L$l¡hpsp Dv$pÑ Apie_p—) L$[ë`s âL$pfp¡\u _rl. A_¡ vy$cp®h—(buÅ L$p¡BL$ Ål¡f L¡$ ìephkpreL$ d„qv$fp¡_u kp\¡ QX$kpQX$ku)—_¡ hiuc|s\B_¡ _rl.(rinp`Ó.18&12-13).

(5) godmñWb (H$)

~rOXmT>ç©àH$mañVw J¥ho pñWËdm ñdY_©V…...ÔoV² H¥$îU_²...(^pŠVd{Y©Zr.2).

72 73

"Vw'ŸeãXoZ EVX{V[aŠVàH$mamÝVaì wXmg… CŠV… ñd_mJu`^JdX² OZ§ VwJ¥hpñWË`^mdo Z g§^dVr{V nydª J¥hpñW{V_od Amhþ… "J¥ho pñWËdm' B{V.^JdX² OZmZwHy$bo J¥ho pñWËdm ñdY_©V… H¥$îU§ ÔoV²Ÿ.

(lrJmoHw$bZmWOrH¥$V{dd¥{V.2)

AÌ J¥hñWmZ-{dYmZoZ ñdJ¥hm{YpîR>V-ñdê$n-ÔZ-n[aË`mJoZ AÝ`ÌVËH$aUo ^pŠV… Z ^d{V B{V gy{MV§ ^d{V.

(Ÿlrdëb^mË_O-lr~mbH¥$îUOrH¥$V{dd¥{Îm.2Ÿ)

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (L$)—"" y[óV$c[¼s_p buS>cph_¡ ×Y$ L$fhp_p¡ âL$pf sp¡ bk Ofdp„ frl_¡

õh^d®s:—...—L©$óZ_¡ cS>hy„ R>¡.(c[¼shr^®_u.2).

Arlep„ "sp¡'—iåv$_p âep¡N\u A¡hp¡ Ýhr_ _uL$m¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap ígp¡L$dp„Arcâ¡s õhdpN}e cS>__p„ âL$pf\u Arsqf¼s cS>__p¡ AÞe L$p¡B `Z âL$pfrkÙpÞsprcds _\u S>. õhdpN} cNhv¹$cS>_ Ofdp„ føep rh_p k„chsy„_\u s¡\u kh®â\_ N©l[õ\rs_y„ S> r_ê$`Z îudlpâcy ""Ofdp„ flu_¡'' A¡rh^p_ Üpfp L$f¡ R>¡. cNhv¹$cS>_p_yL|$g Ofdp„ flu_¡ L©$óZ_¡ cS>hp Å¡BA¡.(îuNp¡.rh.2).

Arlep„ k¡hp¡ ep¡Nu õ\p_ sfuL¡$ Of_y„ rh^p_ L$fhpdp„ Apìey„ R>¡ s¡\u Å¡`p¡sp_p Ofdp„ bufpS>sp âcy_y cS>_ R>p¡X$u_¡ buS>¡ L$i¡ cS>_—(—c¡V$kpdN°u,—d_p¡f\ L¡ $ Tp„Mu ê$`¡—) L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ s¡_¡ "c[¼s' _ L$l¡hpe.(îuhëg.bpg.rh.2).

(I)Ÿ JyT>brbmnamo ^ŠVJyT>^mdagmË_H$…Ÿ& godZr`… gmdYmZ¡… {dnarVJ{V{H«$`…Ÿ&&

lr_XmMm ©H¥$n`m {VîR>{V ñdJ¥ho h[a…Ÿ& Ed§{dY… gXm hñVo `mo{JZ… nmaXmo `WmŸ&&

({ejmnÌ_².2Ÿ&18-19).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (M) N|Y$gugp`fpeZ c¼s_p N|Y$cphp_ykpfu rh`fus-Nrs-r¾$ep-

hpmu gugp L$f_pfp îulqf_u k¡hp L$pmÆ kp\¡ L$fhu Å¡BA¡. îudv$pQpe®QfZ_uL©$`p\u âcy Ap`Zp Ofdp„ bufpS>¡ R>¡, A¡d L¡$ S>¡d ep¡Nu_p lp\dp„ `pfp_uNp¡mu (rinp.2&18-19).

(J) J¥ho pñWËdm godZmWª ñdY_}U¡d gd©WmŸ& H¥$îU§ ÔoV² `Vmo@Y_©H$aUmV² hrZ`mo{ZVmŸ&& H¥$îU_yVm£ `WmbãY¡… Ðì ¡… g§nyO oX² h[a_²Ÿ& nydª ñWmZ§ _pÝXam{X VWm qghmgZm{X MŸ&&

(lrh[aamÒrH¥$V-ñd.e.g.go.{Zê$nU_².45-46).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (N)—Ofdp„ flu_¡ S>¡ k¡hp L$fhp_u L$uû R>¡ s¡ kh®\p õh^dp®_ykpf S>

L©$óZcS>__p ê$`dp„ L$fhp_u R>¡, L$pfZL¡$ A^d® L$fsp„ lu_ep¡r_dp„ S>Þd dmuiL¡$ R>¡. e\pgå^ Öìep¢\u lqf_y„ |S>_ s¡d_u d|rs®_p ê$`dp„ L$fhy„ Å¡BA¡.lqf |S>_ L$fsp„ `l¡gp îulqf_p rbfpS>hp_p õ\p_ê$` d„qv$fpqv$ A_¡ tklpk_pqv$_y„ `Z Ag„L$fZpÐdL$ |S>_ L$fhy„ Å¡BA¡ (îulqf.õh.i.k.k¡.r_.45-46).

(K) "AmMm ©Hw$bmX²' B{V lwË wŠVarË`m J¥hEd pñWËdm ^JdX² OZ§ H$V©ì §

ñdY_©ahñ § M JmonZr`_² B{V {gÕ_².Ÿ(lrnwéfmoÎm_OrH¥$V-AUw mî`àH$me.3Ÿ&4Ÿ&50).Ÿ

74 75

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (O)—""ApQpe®Ly$gpv¹$'' Ap îyrsdp„ L$l¡g furs âdpZ¡ Ofdp„ S> flu_¡

cNhv¹$cS>_ L$fhy„ Å¡BA¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_p ^d®_p flõe _¡ Nyàs fpMhy„ Å¡BA¡(AÏcp.â.3&4&50)

(6) goì`ñdê$n

(H$) JwßVmo {h ag… agËd_mnÚVo = AJwßVmo ag… agm^mg…ñ`mV².

(Ÿgw~mo.10Ÿ&18Ÿ&5Ÿ=Ÿ10Ÿ&56Ÿ&44Ÿ).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (L$)—Nyàs fpMhp\u S> fk fk flu iL¡$ R>¡—=—âL$V$ \sp„ s¡ S> fk fkpcpk

b_u Åe R>¡ (kybp¡.10&18&5—=—10&56&44).

(I) gM Xwb© B{V VoZm{n dŠVì § àH$ma_² AmhŸ-Ÿ

VX^mdo ñd § dm{n _y{Vª H¥$Ëdm hao… Šd{MV²Ÿ& n[aM`mª gXm Hw$`m©V² VÐyn§ M VÌ M pñWV_²Ÿ&&

"VX^md' B{V. "Šd{MX²' Xoe{deofo gËn[anpÝWZm_² A^md wŠVo "hao…_y{Vª H¥$Ëdm' ÔoV². A`_od Añ` _mJ©ñ` àH$ma… CÎm_mo `V² _yVm£ H¥$V§ gdª^Jd{V H¥$V§ ^d{V. VÌ _yV}… ^JdÎd§ ÌoYm {Zê$n`{V "VÐyn_²' B{V. dñVw{dMmaoU gd©ñ` ^JdÐynËdmX² {deofñVw A`_² : ""EZ_² CÕ[aî`m{_'' B{VVXm _¥XmXo… àmXw^y ©Vmo ^pŠV_mJm©ZwgmaoU Amh "VÌ M pñWV_²' B{V.(V.Xr.{Z.à.2Ÿ&228).

ZZw AÌ _ybEd Hw$R>manmV B{V AmH$m¬m`m§ H$bo… ~{bîR>ËdoZ A{J«_ofwJwébjUm^md_² AmbmoÀ` ñdpñ_ÝZod EVÝ_mJu`JwéËd§ {Z`ÀN>ÝV Amhþ… "gM'ŸBË`m{X. "VX^md'ŸBË`m{X AmkmnZmX² BX§ kmËdm H$aUo, ""`ñVw BÀN>`mH¥$V… nwpå^… Am^mgmo ô`ml_mV² n¥WJ²'' B{V Am^mgËdm^md… godm`m…V¥Vr`ñH$ÝYmoŠV_m¡T>çm^mdíM godmH$Vw©… gm{YV… ñd`_od godmH$aUo{n àH$ma-{deof-gÝXoho VmÑem `{X {_bpÝV VXm àH$mam§eo àîQ>ì`m… BË`{n gy{MV_²Ÿ.

(V.Xr.{Z.Am.^.2Ÿ&228).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (M)—Aphp¡ Nyfy dmhp¡ sp¡ kl¡g _\u s¡\u s¡hp L$`fp k„Å¡Np¡dp„ iy„ L$fhy„

s¡ lh¡ kdÅhhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡—-—

Aphp¡ Nyfy Å¡ _ dmsp¡ lp¡e sp¡ cNhp_¹_u d|rs®_¡ (ApfpÝe) b_phu_¡`qfQep®—=—cS>_ sp¡ ¼ep„L$ kv$p L$fhy„S> Å¡BA¡. L¡$dL¡$ d|rs®dp„ cNhp__p ê$` A_¡kÒh bÞ_¡ rhÛdp_ lp¡e—S>—R>¡.

L$p¡BL$ A¡hp v¡$idp„ L¡$ Äep„ kÄS>_p¡_u kp\¡ ApX$pB L$f_pfp gp¡L$p¡ _ fl¡splp¡e Ðep„ flu_¡ lqf_u d|rs®_¡ (ApfpÝe) b_phu_¡ cS>_ L$fu g¡hy„ Å¡BA¡.cS>__p¡ ApS> âL$pf Ap dpN®dp„ DÑd NZpe R>¡. cNhÞd|rs®_¡ dpV¡$ S>¡ L$p„BL$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ s¡ kpnps¹ cNhp_¹ dpV¡$ L$f¡gy„ S> kdÆ g¡hy„ (s.v$u.r_.â.2&228).

Al] A¡L$ âí_ Dcp¡ \pe R>¡ L¡$ îudlpâcyÆA¡ S>¡hp gnZhpmp Nyfy\uv$unp¡ v¡$i gB_¡ cNhÐk¡hpdp„ âh©Ñ \hp_y„ L$øey„ R>¡ s¡hp gnZp¡\u ey¼s Nyfybmhp_ L$rgeyN_¡ L$pfZ¡ Å¡ ApNm S>sp„ _ dm¡ sp¡ iy„ L$fhy„—? Ap_p kdp^p_ê$ ¡s¡hu [õ\rsdp„ Ap dpN®dp„ Nyfy v$ `p¡sp_pS> yfsy dep®qv$s fpMu_¡ Apop Ap ¡R>¡ L¡$ Aphu `qf[õ\rsdp„ Ås¡S> cNhÐk¡hpdp„ âh©Ñ \B S>hy„ Å¡BA¡. Aphuîudlpâcy_u Apop_¡ rifp¡dpÞe L$fu_¡ S>¡ Ås¡ S> cNhÐk¡hpdp„ sÐ`f \BÅe R>¡ s¡_u s¡hu L©$rsdp„ ^dp®cpksp-`pjÎX$_p¡ Apfp¡ gpNsp¡ _\u L¡$ S>¡^dp®cpksp ""eõsy BÃR>ep L©$s: `y[çc: Apcpkp¡ øepîdps¹ `©\L¹$'' hQ_dp„

76 77

r_[Þv$s W$fphhpdp„ Aphu R>¡ cpNhs_p s©sueõL$Þ^dp„ `Z S>¡hu d|Y$sp_ur_Þv$p L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡, s¡ `Z Aphu fus¡ bfpbf kdÆ_¡ k¡hp L$f_pfp_ubpbsdp„ gpN| `X$su _\u. Ås¡ S> S>¡Ap¡ cNhÐk¡hpdp„ âh©Ñ \ep lp¡e s¡Ap¡`Z k¡hp_u bpbsdp„ L$p¡BL$ rhi¡j dprlsu d¡mhhp dp„Nsp lp¡e sp¡ s¡hpÅZL$pf L$p¡BL$ cNhv$ue_¡ dmu_¡ d¡mhu iL¡$ R>¡ Ap `Z Ap r_ê$`Z\u k|rQs\pe R>¡ (s.v$u.r_.â.Ap.c„.2&228).

(J)Ÿ JwéXÎmm§ ñd §bãYm§ ^ŠV¡a{n gwny{OVm_²Ÿ& ì §Jm§Jr_{n godoV `{X ^mdmo Z ~mYVoŸ&&

(gmYZXr{nH$m.90).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (N)—cNhÐõhê$` NyfyA¡ Ap`Zp dp„\¡ `^fphu Apàey„ lp¡e, L¡$ Ap`Z_¡

Ås¡ S> ¼ep„L$ \u âpàs \ey„ lp¡e, L¡$ buÅ L$p¡BL$ c¼s Üpfp ky |rS>s lp¡e; L¡$`R>u M„qX$s `Z L¡$d _ lp¡e, `fÞsy R>¡ sp¡ ""dpfp dp\¡ bufpS>sy„ k¡ìeõhê$`''A¡hp¡ cph Å¡ Ap`Zp¡ s¡ õhê$`dpV¡$_p¡ AM„qX$s S> lp¡e ("hp¡ëV¡$S>' Ap¡R>p _gpNsp lp¡e) sp¡ s¡hp õhê$`_u S> k¡hp A_Þecph\u L$fhu Å¡BA¡(kp^_v$ur`L$p.90).

(K)Ÿ godm{d{Y… g_J«mo{n H«$_oU¡d {d{b»`VoŸ& àH$mamoÎm_V… nydª _yVm£ godm {dYr`VoŸ&& _yVm£ ^JdVmo kmZ§ gmH$mamdoeVmo _V_²Ÿ& ^pŠV_mJ©àH$maoU kmZVñVw VXmË_VmŸ&& nyOm_mJ} ^doÝ_ÝÌ{dYmZmV² nyÁ`godZ_²Ÿ& {deofmo ^pŠV_mJ}@ § nwéfmoÎm_ê${nU…Ÿ&& _{Uñne}Z Vm_«m{X gm¡dU©{_d VÎdV…Ÿ&

AVñVÌ H¥$V§ gdª gmjmËH¥$îUo H¥$V§ ^doV²Ÿ&&(lrh[aamÒrH¥$V-ñd.e.g.go.{Zê$nU_².39-41).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (O)—lh¡ A_y¾$d¡ kdN° k¡hprhr^ gMhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. DÑdâL$pf lp¡hp\u

â\d d|rs®_u k¡hp L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. c[¼sdpN®_p rlkpb¡ d|rs®dp„ âcy_y„ op_,ApL$pfdp„ âcy AprhóV$ \pe R>¡ s¡ âr¾$ep\u dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. op__u ×[óV$A¡Å¡sp„sp¡ b^y„ S> cNhv$pÐdL$ lp¡hp\u d|rs® `Z kpnps¹ cNhv¹$ê$` S> R>¡.|ÅdpN®_p A_ykpf dÞÓrh^p_\u |Äe âcy_u k¡hp âpàs \pe R>¡. Äepf¡

c[¼sdpN®dp„ AÞe b¡ dpN®\u rhi¡jsp A¡ R>¡ L¡$ d|rs® Al] õhe„ yfyjp¡Ñdê$`R>¡ (rhc|rs,—ârsr_r^ L¡$ dpÓ—AnfpÐdL$—_tl) S>¡d pfkdrZ_p õì®\u Óp„bp_y„`pÓ hõsys: kyhZ® b_u Åe R>¡ s¡d S> d|rs® dpV¡$ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡g c¼Ðey QpfsÒhs: kpnps¹îuL©$óZ_¡ dpV¡$ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡g c¼Ðey`Qpf b_u Åe R>¡(îulqf.õh.i.k.k¡.r_.39-41).

(L>)Ÿñd_mJ©goì`ê$nñ` {MÝVZo ar{VéÀ`VoŸ&...VXoH$öX`ñWm`r VX² md… H¥$îUEd {hŸ&brbmghòd{bV… gm_J«rg{hVñVWmŸ&^mdZr`… gXmZÝX… gXm ZÝXm{Xbm{bV…Ÿ&&BX_odmoŠV_² AmMm £… {gÕmÝVñ` {Zê$nUoŸ&""AmË_mZÝXg_wÐñW§ H¥$îU_odo''{V `X²dM…Ÿ&&VXme`ñVw {dd¥V… H¥$n ¡d à^mo_© mŸ&AdJË` OZm… gd} {MÝV`ÝVw h[a¨ gXmŸ&&

(lr_Ëà^mopíMÝVZàH$ma….1-13).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…)

78 79

(P$)—lh¡ õhdpN}e k¡ìeõhê$`_p rQÞs__p¡ âL$pf L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡...—y[óV$c¼s_p ùv$edp„ [õ\s S>¡ c[¼scph R>¡ s¡ r_[íQs îuL©$óZ S> R>¡ L¡$ S>¡Ap¡

A_¡L$ gugpey¼s R>¡ A_¡ s¡ s¡ gugpAp¡_u kpdN°u krls bufpS>dp_ R>¡ A¡hpkv$p_Þv$ A_¡ kv$p îu_Þv$pqv$ h°S>c¼sp¡Üpfp k¡ìedp_ îuL©$óZ_y„ S> cph_ L$fhy„Å¡BA¡. rkÙpÞsdy¼sphgudp„ ""ApÐdp_Þv$kdyÖdp„ [õ\s îuL©$óZ_y„ S> rQÞs_L$fhy„ Å¡BA¡''Ap hQ_Üpfp îudlpâcyA¡ Ap S> bspìey„ R>¡. âcy_u L©$`p\u S>s¡_p Apie_y„ d¢ rhhfZ L$ey R>¡. s¡Ap¡_u L©$`p\u õhdpN}e rQÞs__y„ õhê$`ÅZu_¡ kh£ y[óV$dpN}Ap¡ kv$p lqf_y„ rQÞs_ L$f¡ A¡hu dpfu iycL$pd_p R>¡(îulqf.îu.âcy.rQÞs.â.1-13).

(M)Ÿ ^pŠV_mJ©pñWV¡… lr_XmMm ©nXg§{lV¡…Ÿ& goì`_mZ§ gXm ^md¡… {ZamoY§ gmY oX² Y«wd_²Ÿ&&

(ñd_mJu`ñdê$nñWmnZàH$ma…18).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (Q)—îudv$pQpe®QfZp¡_p Apîe_y„ kp¥cpÁe `pd_pfp c[¼sdpN}Ap¡Üpfp

y[óV$cphp¡ \L$u S> (—_rl L¡$ âhplu cphp¡\u—) kv$p k¡ìedp_ âcy r_:kÞv¡$lr_fp ¡^ —( —â` „Qrhõd© rs` |h ®L $ cNhv $ pk[¼s_ ¡ —) —_ ¡ rkÙ L $fi ¡ S>(îulqf.õh.õh.õ\p.â.18).

(7) godmW©-Am{O{dH$m

(H$) `m__mÌ§ ^JdËgodm§ {dYm` níMmX² A{Z{fÕoZ Cnm oZ OrdZ§ gånmX oV².

nmaån ©OrdZ_{n {Z{fÕ§ MoV² VXm Ë`ŠVì`_². ""AMm¡amUm_² AnmnmZm_²...''B{V dMZmV². Or{dH$m`m§ {MÎm§ ì`mn¥V§ nwZ… ^Jd{V `moOZmW©_² Cnm`_² Amh

""nR>oÀM {Z`_§ H¥$Ëdm'' B{V. AZoZ Aën~{h_©wIVm`m_{n lr^mJdV_²AZwgÝYo _² B{V Cnm`… H${WV….

(V.Xr.{Z.à.2Ÿ&232).(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…)

(L$)—qv$hkdp„ Ap¡R>pdp Ap¡R>p ÓZ L$gpL$ k¡hp L$fu gu^p `R>u ipõÓdp„r_[Þv$s _ lp¡e s¡hp âL$pf¡ ApÆrhL$p_y„ D`pS>®_ L$fhy„ Å¡BA¡. Ly$g`f„ fp\uQpgu Aphsu `Z ApÆrhL$p_p¡ âL$pf (—v¡$hgL$pqv$h©rÑ S>¡hp¡—) Å¡ ipõÓr_[Þv$slp¡e sp¡ s¡_¡ R>p¡X$u v¡$hp¡ Å¡BA¡ L¡$dL¡$ ""AQp¥fpZpd¹ A`p`p_pd¹...'' A¡ hQ_\uAp S> rkÙ \pe R>¡. ApÆrhL$pdp„ gpN¡gp rQÑ_¡ cNhp_dp gNphhp_p¡D`pe L$l¡hpdp Aph¡ R>¡ ""cpNhs_p¡ r_ed |h®L$ `pW$ L$fhp¡ Å¡BA¡''. \p¡X$u `Zbrldy®Msp_u kçcph_p gpNsp„ cpNhs_y„ A_ykÞ^p_ D`peê$`¡ L$l¡hpdp„Apìey„ R>¡. (s.v$u.r_.â.2&232).

(I) ídmZ§ ídnmH§$ àoVYy_§ XodÐì`monOr{dZ§ J«m_`mOH§$ gmo_{dH«${Ù§{MqV {M{VH$mîR>§ _Ú§ _Ú^mÊS>§ gñZoh§ _mZwfmpñW¨ edñn¥e§ _hmnmV{H$Z§ ed§ñn¥îQ²>dm gM¡b_² Aå^mo@dJmô` CÎmr © Ap½Z_² Cnñn¥í` Jm`Í`îQ>eV§ OnoV². Y¥V§àmí` ñZmËdm {ÌamM_oX² B{V À`dZdMZmV².

{M{VÄM {M{VH$mîR>ÄM ny § M§S>mb_od MŸ& ñn¥îQ²>dm XodbH$ÄM¡d gdmgm Ob_m{deoV²Ÿ&& XodmM©Znamo `ñVw {dÎmmWu dËgaÌ`_²Ÿ& g d¡ XodbH$mo Zm_ hì`H$ì ofw J{h©V…Ÿ&&

(lrnwéfmoÎm_OrH¥$V-Ðìèw{Õ).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (M)—Ly$sfp¡, QpÎX$pg, â¡s |d, v¡$hÖìep¡ Æhu, N°pdepS>L$, kp¡drh¾¡$sp,

rQsp, rQspL$póW$, Qfbuey¼s dp_yjp[õ\ ib_¡ õì® L$fhphpmp_p¡ dlp`psL$u_p¡s\p ib_p¡ õì® L$f_pf¡ hõÓ krls S>gdp„ Xy$bL$u gNphu, A[Á__p¡ D`õì®L$fu, A¡L$kp¡ ApW$ NpeÓu dÞÓ_p¡ S>` L$fu, ©sâpi_ L$fu ÓZ hMs ApQd_L$fhy„ Å¡BA¡ A¡hy„ Ãeh_ F>rj_y„ hQ_ R>¡. rQsp rQsp_p gpL$X$p, |e, QpÎX$pg

80 81

s\p v¡$hgL$ _p¡ õì® \e¡ hõÓ krls S>gdp„ Xy$bL$u gNphhu Å¡BA¡. ÓZ hj®è®Þs S>¡ rhÑp\} \B_¡ v¡$hpQ®_ L$f¡ R>¡ s¡_¡ lìe-L$ìedp„ Nrl®s kdS>hp¡Å¡BA¡ (îu yfy.ÖìeiyrÙ).

(8) godmH$Vm© VWm godmn[aMmaH$

(H$) ^m`m©{XaZwHy$bíMoV² H$ma oX² ^JdpËH«$`m_²Ÿ& CXmgrZo ñd § Hw$`m©V² à{VHy$bo J¥h§ Ë oOV²Ÿ&&

Ed§ àd¥Îmñ` ^m`m©XrZm§ {d{Z`moJ_² Amh ""^m`m©{XaZwHy$bíMoX²''B{V.^m`m©{XH§$ J¥h§, {dîUwnamL²>_wIm… ^m`m©X`mo AÝ`Wm n[aË`mJo XmofEd. AZoZAd¡îUd¡… gh Apñ_Z²_mJ} Z ñWmVì`_² B{V CŠV§ ^d{V.

(V.Xr.{Z..à.2Ÿ&231)

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (L$)—`Ð_u rhN¡f¡ Å¡ k¡hpdp„ A_yL|$g lp¡e sp¡ s¡d_p\u âcykçbÞû

r¾$ep—=—`qfQep® L$fphhu Å¡BA¡. Å¡ s¡Ap¡ Dv$pku_ lp¡e sp¡ Ås¡ S> L$fhuÅ¡BA¡ A_¡ Å¡ s¡Ap¡ ârsL|$g lp¡e sp¡ Of rhN¡f¡_p¡ ÐepN L$fhp¡ Å¡BA¡. ApâL$pf¡ k¡hpdp„ âh©Ñ Ar^L$pfu_p `Ð_u Apqv$_p¡ cNhÐk¡hpdp„ rhr_ep¡N L$l¡hpdp„Aphu føep¡ R>¡ ""`Ð_u Apqv$ A_yL|$g lp¡e sp¡''. "N©l' A¡V$g¡ `Ð_urhN¡f¡.Apd_p¡ `qfÐepN Å¡ s¡Ap¡ rhóÏ`fpP¹$dyM lp¡e sp¡ S> L$fhp¡. AÞe\p _tlL¡$dL¡$ s¡ [õ\rsdp„ s¡_¡ v$p¡jê$` dp_hpdp„ Apìey„ R>¡. Ap L$l¡hp_p¡ Apie A¡ L¡$Ap dpN®dp„ Ah¥óZh kp\¡ fl¡hy„ Å¡BA¡ _rl (s.v$u.r_.â.2&231).

(I)VÌmXm¡ eaU§ `mV… qH$ Hw$`m©{X{V MmoÀ`VoŸ&lr_XmMm ©_mJu`JwéUm eaU§ JV…Ÿ&&

ñdm{_ËdoZ h[a¨ ñd§ Vw godH$ËdoZ ^md oV²Ÿ&..............................Ed_m{lË` Y_m}@ § g§jonoU {Zê${nV…Ÿ&...AV… na§ H«$_oU¡d Ord… H¥$Vg_n©U…Ÿ&&Ÿ9-10Ÿ&&.............................godmg§ñH$maê$nËdmX² {dXÜ`mËgodZm§ gXmŸ&...gd©Wm gd©X¡dm{n ZMmÚmXg_{n©V_²Ÿ&&Ÿ25-26Ÿ&&VX² jUo ^doXodm~«÷gå~pÝY dñVwV…Ÿ&gd©Ì ~«÷gå~ÝY-^mdZm-ZmeEd {hŸ&&Ÿ27Ÿ&&`Wm g_n©Uo `mo½ § `V² VWm VV² g_n© oV²Ÿ&............................J¥ho pñWËdm godZmWª ñdY_}U¡d gd©WmŸ&H¥$îU§ ÔoV² `Vmo AY_©H$aUmV² hrZ`mo{ZVmŸ&&Ÿ45Ÿ&&H¥$îU_yVm£ `WmbãY¡Ð©ì ¡… gånyO oX² h[a_²Ÿ&nydª ñWmZ§ _pÝXam{X VWm qghmgZm{X MŸ&&Ÿ46Ÿ&&..............................^m`m©XrZm_mZwHy$ë o V¡… godm_od H$ma oV²Ÿ&&Ÿ56Ÿ&&ñd § Hw$`m©X² CXmgrZV`m Vofm§ nwZ… pñWVm¡Ÿ&AnH$s{V© `mV² H¥$îUgodm-d¡ ½ «-g§ dmV²Ÿ&&Ÿ57Ÿ&&ñdH¥$V-~«÷g§~ÝY§ {d^mì` ö{X gd©WmŸ&VËnmofU§ àHw$duV é½UXohdXmVwa…Ÿ&&Ÿ58Ÿ&&

(lrh[aamÒrH¥$V.ñd.e.g.go.{Z.9-58).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (M)—kh®â\d ifZpNs Ar^L$pfuA¡ iy„ L$fhy„ Å¡BA¡ A¡ lh¡ L$l¡hpB

føey„ R>¡—:—îudv¹$hëgcpQpe®Üpfp âhrs®s dpN®_p Nyfy Üpfp S>¡dZ¡ ifZpNrs_u

82 83

v$unp guû lp¡e s¡d_¡ dpV¡$ A¡ AphíeL$ R>¡ L¡$ lqf_¡ õhpdu dp_¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_¡k¡hL$—...—Ap âdpZ¡ k„n¡ dp„ ifZpNs Ar^L$pfu_p ^d®_y„ r_fy Z L$ey...

lh¡ ¾$d âdpZ¡ S> S>¡ Æh¡ kd ®Z L$ey lp¡e s¡_p ^dp£ L$l¡hpe R>¡.kd ®Z_u v$unp k¡hp\® A ¡rns k„õL$pfê$` lp¡hp\u s¡ v$urns ìe[¼sA¡ sp¡kh®\p k¡hp S> L$fhu Å¡BA¡—...—kh®\p kh®v$p S> Akdr ®s_y„ cnZ _ L$fhy„Å¡BA¡ L¡$d L¡$ Akdr ®s_y„ cnZ L$fsp„ (b°ûkçbÞû) hõsys: Ab°ûkçbÞû\B Åe R>¡ A_¡ b°ûkçbÞ^_u cph_p_p¡ kh®Ó _pi S> \B Åe R>¡. S>¡hõsy S>¡ âdpZ¡ âcy_¡ kdr ®s \B iL$su lp¡e s¡ âdpZ¡ s¡ hõsy âcy_¡ kdr ®sL$fhu Å¡BA¡. Ofdp„ flu_¡ S>¡ k¡hp L$fhp_u L$uû R>¡ s¡ kh®\p õh^dp®_ykpf S>L©$óZcS>__p ê$`dp„ L$fhp_u R>¡, L$pfZL¡$ A^d® L$fsp„ lu_ep¡r_dp„ S>Þd dmuiL¡$ R>¡. e\pgå^ Öìep¡\u lqf_y„ |S>_ s¡d_u d|rs®_p ê$`dp„ L$fhy„ Å¡BA¡.lqf |S>_ L$fsp„ `l¡gp îulqf_p rbfpS>hp_p õ\p_ê$` d„qv$fpqv$ A_¡ tklpk_pqv$_y„ `Z Ag„L$fZpÐdL$ |S>_ L$fhy„ Å¡BA¡—...—`Ð_u hN¡f¡ Å¡ cNhÐk¡hpdp„A_yL|$g lp¡e sp¡ s¡d_p\u k¡hp S> L$fphhu Å¡BA¡, `Z Å¡ s¡Ap¡ Dv$pku_ lp¡esp¡ `p¡s¡ S> cNhÐk¡hp L$fu g¡hu Å¡BA¡. Dv$pku_ `qfhpfS>_p¡ `pk¡ S>bfv$õsuk¡hp L$fphsp„ k¡hpdp„ ìeN°sp A_¡ k¡hpr_Þv$p _u k„cph_p fl¡gu R>¡. s¡hu[õ\rsdp„ S>¡d Ap`Zp S> v¡$ldp„ L$p¡BL$ A¡hu dp„v$Nu \pe L¡$ S>¡dp„ cNhÐk¡hp`Z _ \B iL$su lp¡e sp¡ s¡dp„ v¡$l_y„ `pg_ S>¡hu fus¡ L$fhy„ `X¡$ R>¡ s¡d s¡hpcNhÐk¡hpdp„ Dv$pku_ `qfhpfS>_p¡_y„ cfZ`p¡jZ `Z Ap`Z¡ `p¡s¡ L$f¡gb°ûkçbÞ^_y„ ùv$edp„ A_ykÞ^p_ L$fu_¡ fyÁZ`qfhpf_u cph_p fpMu_¡ L$fhy„Å¡BA¡.(îulqf.õh.i.k.k¡.r_.9-58).

(9) godmonXoîQ>m

(H$)Ÿna_Ì Z gd}fm§ \$b_wIm{YH$ma… {H$ÝVw ofw ^JdËH¥$nm H¥$nmn[akmZ§M _mJ©éÀ`m {ZíMr`Vo. VÌ Am{XV… gmYZm{Z AmhŸ-Ÿ

H¥$îUgodmna§ drú` Xå^m{Xa{hV§ Za_²Ÿ&

lr^mJdVVÎdk§ ÔoV² {OkmgwamXamV²Ÿ&&(V.Xr.{Z.2Ÿ&227)

"H¥$îUgodmna_²'ŸB{V. `mo {h Jwé… godm_² CnXoú`{V g ñd § MoV² Vm§CÎm_m§ OmZr`mV² VXm H$W§ ñd § Z Hw$`m©X² B{V godmnaEd Jwé…. VÌm{n {Z{_Îmm{Zdma`{V "Xå^m{Xa{hV_²' B{V. godmM à_mU_yb¡d nwéfmW©n ©dgm{`Zr. AÝ`Wm_Z{g AÝ`X²{dYm` AÝ`Wm H$aUo Z \$b{g{Õ… B{V A{^àmòU Amh"lr^mJdVVÎdk_²' B{V. "{Okmgw' Z Vw H$m¡VwH$mÚm{dîQ>…. OZ§Ÿ-Ÿgd© mdoZ,VXm VXwŠVàH$maoU ^JdËgodm H$V©ì`m.

(V.Xr.{Z.à.2Ÿ&227). "drú`'ŸBË`ZoZ _mJm©ÝVamX² AÌ d¡bjÊ § km{nV_². "B©j' Xe©Zm‘>Z`mo…,

"{d'Zm M gå`ŠËd§ narjUo ÚmoË`Vo. VWmM VÝÌoŸ-Ÿ""Jwé… narj oV² {eî`_²''B{V dmŠ`mV² {eî`mo `Wm narú`Vo VWm AÌ Jwé…. ZmoMoX² AVmÑeñ`bmoH$mZwJVnewê$nËdmV² VmÑemo AZwgaUo AÝYmZwJmÝYdX² C^md{n nVoVm_².EVXW©_od Ob oXJ«ÝWH$aU§ ko _²Ÿ...ŸVoZ ~«÷gå~ÝYmo{n \$b_wI… Vñ ¡d B{V{gX²Ü`{V. Ed_² A{YH$magyMZoZ AZ{YH$m ©{n ì`md{V©V….

(V.Xr.{Z.à.AmdaU^“.2Ÿ&227).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (L$)—Ap dpN®, `fÞsy b^p_¡ agv$peL$ _uhX¡$ s¡hp¡ Ar^L$pf v$f¡L$_p¡ lp¡sp¡

_\u. s¡ sp¡ cNhp__u L©$`p S>¡Ap¡_p E`f hfku lp¡e s¡Ap¡_p¡ S> lp¡e R>¡.L$p¡BL$_p E`f cNhp__u L©$`p R>¡ L¡$ _tl s¡_u Mpsfu s¡ ìe[¼s_¡ L©$è¥L$gæec[¼sdpN® L¡$ â`rÑdpN® dp„ fyrQ R>¡ L¡$ _rl s¡_p Ap^pf¡ L$fhu Å¡BA¡.

S>¡Ap¡_p E`f cNhÐL©$`p hfku lp¡e s¡Ap¡_¡ dpV¡$ ifyAps\u S> L$epkp^_p¡ R>¡ s¡_y„ r_ê$`Z L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡—-—

L$p¡BL$ `yfyj L©$óZk¡hpdp„ sÐ`f R>¡ L¡$ _rl. v$çcpqv$ vy$Ny®Zp¡\u frls R>¡ L¡$_rl; s¡dS> îudv¹$cpNhs yfpZ_p dd®_p ÅZL$pf R>¡ L¡$ _rl ApV$gu hpsp¡ kfMu

84 85

fus¡ QL$pku gu^p `R>u S> s¡_u `pk¡ Nyf ybyrÙ fpMu_¡ S>hy „ Å¡BA¡(s.v$u.r_.2&227).

S>¡ yfyj¡ Ap dpN®dp„ Nyfy sfuL¡$ cNhÐk¡hp_p¡ D`v¡$i Ap`hp_p¡ R>¡ s¡ `p¡s¡cNhÐk¡hp_¡ DÑd NZsp¡ lp¡e sp¡ ip dpV¡$ `p¡s¡ `Z cNhÐk¡hpdp„ sÐ`f _\pe—? s¡\u Nyfy L©$óZk¡hpdp„ sÐ`f sp¡ lp¡hp¡ S> Å¡BA¡. s¡ L©$óZk¡hp c[¼scphrihpe buÅ L$p¡B Z l¡sy—(v$çc-L$pd-gp¡c-ârsóW$p)—\u â¡qfs _ lp¡hu Å¡BA¡.s¡\u Nyfy \hp S>_pf yfyjdp„ v$çcpqv$ vy$N®Zp¡ _ lp¡hp Å¡BA¡. Ap cNhÐk¡hp`Z Å¡ e\p¡ qv$óV$ âpdprZL$ lp¡e sp¡ S> kag \pe R>¡. _rl sp¡ byrÙ L¡$ ùv$edp„ L$p„BL$ cmsp S> rhQpfp¡ L¡$ cphp¡ fpMu_¡ Å¡ k¡hp L$fhpdp„ Aphsu lp¡e sp¡s¡hu k¡hp kag \su _\u. s¡\u Nyfy_y„ îudv¹$cpNhssÒho lp¡hy„ `Z S>fyfu R>¡.A¡hp¡ Nyfy_¡ ip¡ _pfp¡ `Z `pR>p¡ rS>opky lp¡hp¡ Å¡BA¡. a¼s L$p¥syL$ L¡$ s¡hp buÅL$p¡B cphp¡_¡ fpMu_¡ _hy„-_hy„ L$p„BL$ AS>dphu g¡hp_u d_p¡h©rÑhpmp¡ _ lp¡hp¡Å¡BA¡. s¡ `R>u NyfyA¡ D`qv$óV$ âL$pf¡ kh®cph\u cNhÐk¡hp L$fhu Å¡BA¡. ApS> cS>_ L$fhp_u kpQu furs R>¡ (s.v$u.r_..â.2&227).

d|gL$pqfL$pdp„ "huÿe'—`v$_p¡ âep¡N L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡, s¡\u buÅ dpN®L$fsp„ Ap dpN®_u rhgnZsp kdÅhhp dp„N¡ R>¡. "Bn'—_p¡ A\® R>¡—:—"Å¡hy„—-—A„qL$s L$fhy„'. s¡_u kp\¡ "rh'—D`kN® Å¡X$u_¡ îudlpâcy, Nyfy_u `funp kfMufus¡ L$fhu s¡hy„ kyQ_ L$fhp dpN¡ R>¡. S>¡d sÞÓipõÓdp„ L$l¡hpey„ R>¡ L¡$ NyfyA¡rióe_u `funp L$fhu Å¡BA¡ s¡d Ap dpN®dp„ rióe¡ Nyfy_u `funp L$fhu Å¡BA¡s¡hp¡ r_ed R>¡. _rl sp¡ S>¡ yfyjdp„ D`f S>Zph¡gp gnZp¡ _ dmsp lp¡e s¡_¡NpX$qfep âhpldp„ sZpsp¡ Y$p¡f S>¡hp¡ NZhp¡ Å¡BA¡. A¡hp_y„ A_ykfZ L$fhp\uA¡L$ Ap„ mp¡ buÅ Ap„ mp_¡ A_ykf¡ A_¡ Äepf¡ A¡L$ `X¡$ Ðepf¡ buÅ¡ `Z `X$uÅe—! A¡hu L$ap¡X$u qf[õ\rs kÅ®ep rh_p _rl fl¡. îudlpâcyA¡ "S>gc¡v$'N°Þ\`Z Nyfy_u `funp ¼ep Ap^pf¡ L$fhu s¡ kdÅhhp S> âL$V$ L$ep£ R>¡...Aphu bûhpsp¡_u L$pmÆ fp¿ep rh_p b°ûk„b„^v$unp kag \su _\u. Apdb°ûk„b„ v$unp Ap`hpdpV¡$ L$p¡Z Ar^L$pfu lp¡B iL¡$ R>¡ s¡ S>Zphu_¡ L$p¡_u `pk¡b °ûk„b„v $ unp _ g¡hu s ¡ `Z îudlpâcyÆA¡ kdÅhu v $ u^ y „ R> ¡(s.v$u.r_.â.Ap.c.2&227).

(I)Ÿ_hmËå`kmnZm ¡d ldU§ JwUH$_©Um_²Ÿ&emñÌmUm_wn`moJmo@Ì VÌmH$mL²>jm Jwamo ©doV²Ÿ&&H¥$îUgodmna§ drú` Xå^m{Xa{hV§ Za_²Ÿ&lr^mJdVVÎdk§ ÔoV² {OkmgwamXamX²Ÿ&&XohÐmoÊ`m {``mgyZm§ na§ nma§ ^dmå~wYo…Ÿ&JwéUm H$U©YmaoU CÎmm`m© ñdmonXoeV…Ÿ&&

(gmYZXr{nH$m.9-11)

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (M)—cNhÞdplpÐçeop_ d¡mhhp dpV¡$ cNhv¹$NyZp¡ A_¡ cNhëgugpAp¡

_y„ îhZ AphíeL$ R>¡. ipõÓp¡_u Dèp¡rNsp `Z Al]S> Dcu \pe R>¡. s¡\uL©$óZk¡hpdp„ sÐ`f v$çcpqv$ vy$Ny®Zp¡\u frls; s¡dS> îucpNhs_p dd®o lp¡hp_pê$`dp„ kfMu fus¡ Å¡B-ÅZu_¡ rS>opkyA¡ L$p¡BL$ yfyj_¡ Apv$fkrls Nyfy b_phu_¡cS>_dp„ âh©Ñ \B S>hy„ Å¡BA¡. S>¡Ap¡ `p¡sp_p v¡$l_u lp¡X$L$gu\u chkpNf_¡`pf L$fhp dpNsp„ lp¡e s¡Ap¡_p L$Z® pf b_u_¡ NyfyA¡ `p¡sp_p kvy$`v¡$i\u s¡d_¡`pf gNpX$hp Å¡BA¡ (kp.v$u.9-11).

(J)JwéíM ^pŠV_mJu`… H¥$îUgodmnamÙ…Ÿ&lr^mJdVVÎdkmo Xå^m{Xa{hVmo Za…Ÿ&&VX^mdo VWm yVmonXoemo@Ì {Z`m_H$…Ÿ&AWmYw{ZH$VrWm©Zm_² AVWm yVVmo@{n {hŸ&&CnXoeñVWm yVJwamo[ad \${bî`{VŸ&`{X Xw…g“XmofoU ZmÝ`Wm MoX² ^doÝ_{V…Ÿ&&

(lrh[aamÒrH¥$V.ñd.e.g.go.{Zê$.49-51).

86 87

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (N)—Nyfy `Z c[¼sdpN®_¡ A_ykf_pfp¡, L©$óZk¡hp`fpeZ, îucpNhs_p

sÒh_p¡ opsp s\p v„$cpqv$\u frls A¡hp¡ yfyj lp¡hp¡ Å¡BA¡. Aphp gnZhpmp¡Nyfy Å¡ _ dmsp¡ lp¡e sp¡ ApQpe®hpZuê$` Nyfy `pk¡\u `Z õhL$s®ìer_epdL$D`v¡$i N°lZ L$fu iL$pe R>¡. ApQpe®Ly$gp¡v¹$c|s Nyfyõ\p_p`Þ_ Ap^yr_L$Np¡õhprddlp_ycph Å¡ D`f L$l¡g gnZp¡hpmp _ `Z lp¡e sp¡ `Z Å¡ s¡d_u`pk¡\u dmsp¡ D`v¡$i kh®gnZk„ Þ_-îuL©$óZop_âv$-Nyfy-îudv$pQpe®QfZ-hQ_p_ykpfu lp¡e sp¡ kv¹$Nyfy kdp_ am_¡ S> Ap`_pf lp¡B iL¡$ R>¡, Å¡ s¡Ap¡_ubyrÙ vy$:k„Npqv$—(A\®gp¡gy -hrZL$-V²$õV$u-k„Npqv$)—v$p¡j\u AÞe\p (dpN®rh`fus)_ \B NB lp¡e (îulqf.õh.i.k.k¡.r_.49-51).

(K)AXå^… gd©Wmnojma{hV… H$éUmna…Ÿ&{dMm © daU§ lr_XmMm ©nXg§l`…Ÿ&&ñdgodH$m` ewÕm` gVV§ à`VmË_ZoŸ&à`ÀN>oV² VV² ñdê$n§ Vw \$bê$nV`m nwZ…Ÿ&&

(lrh[a.H¥$V.ñd_m.ñdê$.ñWmn.à.16-17).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (O)—îudv$pQpe®QfZp¡_p¡ kfMp¡ Apîe âpàs L$fu_¡, L$p¡B `Z âL$pf_p

v$çc_u L¡$ rióe `pk¡\u L$p¡B Ås_u A`¡np fpMhp_u d_p¡h©rÑ\u frls\B_¡, D`[õ\s ÆhpÐdp_y„ `fdpÐdp Üpfp y[óV$dpN®dp„ hfZ L$fhpdp„ Apìey„R>¡. s¡\u A¡hp¡ Æh y[óV$gpc\u ¼ep„L$ h„rQs _ flu Åe dpÓ Aphp¡ L$fyZpcphfpMsp„, y[óV$dpN® f AN°kf \B_¡ kss âepk L$f_pf `p¡sp_p iyÙ k¡hL$_¡dp\¡ yóV$ L$f¡g õhê$`_¡ agê$ ¡ (_tl L¡$ Nyfycph¡ L¡$ `p¡sp_p k¡ìeõhê$`\u Þe|_yfyjp¡Ñdcph¡) `^fphu v¡$hp Å¡BA¡.

(îulqf.õh.õhê$.õ\p.âL$p.16-17).

(L>)dÄMH$ñVw VVmo@ß of XwîQ> BË od ~wÕ²çVm_²Ÿ&&Ÿ16Ÿ&&`V… VXmH¥${VíMoîQ>m VWmMmaíM ^mfU_²Ÿ&{dZ`… emÝVVm doe… e§IMH«$m{X{M•V…Ÿ&&Ÿ17Ÿ&&Ed_mÚ{Ib§ Vwë § ^JdÕ_©d{V©{^…Ÿ&VVmo kmZm^md@Vmo{n gd©Wm ZmeZ§ _V_²Ÿ&&Ÿ18Ÿ&&XwK©Q>§ Vñ` {dkmZ§ gd©Wm ^ŠVgmå`V…Ÿ&AVEd Z H$V©ì`mo {dídmgmo ø{dMm[aV…Ÿ&&Ÿ19Ÿ&&VXr`Ëd «_mÎmpñ_Z² {dídmgmo g§JXmofV…Ÿ&AgË`{n M gØmdmËnVZ§ ^pŠV_mJ©V…Ÿ&&Ÿ20Ÿ&&AVEdmoŠV_mMm £… Jwamoa{n M drjU_²Ÿ&"H¥$îUgodmna§ drú o'Ë`m{XnÚo {Z~ÝYJoŸ&&Ÿ21Ÿ&&................................gVmo@{n {H$pÄMXm{YŠ § dÄMHo$ Vw àVr`VoŸ&àXe©ZmW©ËdVñVw dofmXo[ah gd©WmŸ&&Ÿ25Ÿ&&................................^JdØŠVgmå o{n VXgmYmaUmo JwU…Ÿ&{ZanojËd_oVpñ_¨ñVX^mdm{Õ d§MH$…Ÿ&&Ÿ32Ÿ&&AZmH$m[aVEdmgm¡ g“o bJ{V gd©WmŸ&àm{W©Vm ^JdØŠVm… H¥$n`pÝV H$WÄMZŸ&&Ÿ33Ÿ&&g Ðì`_od {dkm` gÁOVo ñdmW©_mo{hV…Ÿ&XrZofw ^JdØŠVmñVXW£H$àgmXH$m…Ÿ&&Ÿ34Ÿ&&Mmb`Ë``_wÝ_mJ} _m`mMmQw>H$gypŠV{^…Ÿ&Vo Vw _mJ} Mmb`pÝV dMmo{^… H$Qw>H$m¡fY¡…Ÿ&&Ÿ35Ÿ&&

(lrh[aamÒrH¥$V Xw…g§J{dkmZ {Zê$.16-35).

88 89

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (P$)—AÞv$f s\p blpf _p bÞ_¡ Qp¡fp¡ L$fsp„ h„QL$_¡ h^pf¡ vy$óV$ kdS>hp¡

Å¡BA¡. L¡$dL¡$ s¡_u ApL©$rs, Q¡óV$p, ApQpf, cpjp, rh_ussp, ipÞssp, h¡i,s\p i’Q¾$pqv$ rQŒ rh. b y„ cNhv¹$^dp®_ykpf Qpghphpmp_u dpaL$ S> lp¡eR>¡. S>¡Ap¡_¡ Aphp h„QL$p¡_y„ op_ _\u lp¡sy„ s¡Ap¡_p¡ kh®fus¡ _pi S> \pe R>¡.c¼sp¡_u dpaL$ v¡$Mphhpmp Ap h„QL$p¡_¡ Ap¡mMhy„ Arsie AOfy„ L$pd R>¡. s¡\uS> rhQpf L$ep® rh_p L$p¡B_p Z D`f rhíhpk _ L$fhp¡ Å¡BA¡. cNhv$uedp_u_¡Å¡ Aphp gp¡L$p¡ E`f rhíhpk fpMhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ k“v$p¡j s\p AkÐ yfyjD`f kv¹$cph fpMhp_p v$p¡j_¡ L$pfZ¡ c[¼sdpN® D`f\u blpf a¢L$pB S>hpe R>¡.s¡\u S> îudlpâcyA¡ r_bÞ^dp„ ""L©$óZk¡hp`f„ huÿe'' \u Nyfy_p„ gnZp¡bspìep R>¡ s¡ A_ykpf Nyfy_u `Z `funp L$fhu Å¡BA¡—...—kpQp¡ c¼s A_¡h„QL$ _u hÃQ¡ A¡L$ dp¡V$p¡ c¡v$ Ap S> lp¡e R>¡ L¡$ h„QL$ `p¡sp_u h¡ic|jp (—rsgL$-R>p`p, ApQpf-A`fk, r_Ðek¡hp, R>à`_cp¡Npqv$d_p¡f\p¡ "dpfp¡ bpg|X$p¡'—S>¡hurdÕep cphyL$hpZu—) rhN¡f¡ Ål¡fdp„ X$p¡m-v¡$MphdpV¡$ S> A`_phsp¡ lp¡e R>¡.s¡\u A¡L$ kpQp¡ c¼s `p¡sp_p cphkpdÕe®_¡ A_yê$` S>¡V$gu dpÓpdp„ ApbpügnZp¡_¡ _cphu iL¡$ R>¡, s¡_p L$fsp„e L$p„BL$ h | `X$sp âdpZdp„S> ApbpügnZp¡_y„ ApX„$bf h„QL$ L$fsp¡ lp¡e R>¡. Apd buÆ bû bpbsp¢dp„, h„QL$A_¡ kpQp¡ c¼s A¡L$kfMp„ S> gpNsp lp¡e R>¡, `fÞsy A¡L$ kpQp¡ c¼s `p¡sp_pc[¼scph_¡ S>_sp ("¼e|' gNpX$u_¡) Å¡hp Aph¡ A¡hu A ¡np (S>¡d h„QL$p¡R>p`pAp¡dp„ Ål¡fps Apù_¡ A\hp sp¡ Of_p bpfZp D`f `pqV$ep rhN¡f¡dyL$phu_¡ gp¡L$p¡ s¡d_p W$pL$p¡fÆ_u k¡hp L¡$ d_p¡f\p¡ Å¡hp Aph¡ s¡hu A ¡npfpMsp lp¡e R>¡—!) ¼epf¡e fpMsp¡ _\u. `p¡sp_p k¡ìe âcy_¡ qfTphhpdp„ ê$rèp-¥kp a¡L$_pfp v$i®_p\}Ap¡_u A ¡np _ fpMhu s¡ h„QL$\u _cu iL¡$ s¡hu hps

_\u—! bk Ap S> A¡L$ gpnrZL$ h¥rióV¹$e_p Ap^pf¡ h„QL$_¡ r`R>pZu g¡hy„AOfy„ flu S>sy„ _\u. cNhv¹$c¼sdp r_:õhp\® lp¡hp_p¡ S>¡ Akp^pfZ NyZ lp¡eR>¡ s¡ h„QL$dp„ _ lp¡hp\u s¡ sfs S> Ap¡mMpB Aph¡ R>¡. h„QL$ sp¡ hNf bp¡gph¡S> `pR>m `X$u S>sp¡ lp¡e R>¡. Äepf¡L¡$ kpQp¡ c¼s sp¡ A_¡L$ hpf rh_ìep `R>u S>¼epf¡L$ L$p„BL$ L©$ p L$fsp lp¡e R>¡. h„QL$ sp¡ õhp\®\u dp¡rls lp¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ Öìekç`Þ_gp¡L$p¡_u `pR>m `X$u S>sp¡ lp¡e R>¡ Äepf¡ cNhv¹$c¼s sp¡ Nfub gp¡L$p¡ kp\¡ `ZA¡d_p L$ëepZ_p¡ rhQpf L$fu_¡ k“ L$f¡ R>¡. h„QL$ gp¡L$p¡ L$`V$ s\p Qp`g|kucf¡gu hpsp¡\u gp¡L$p¡_¡ dpN®_u rh`fus qv$ip sfa v$p¡fu S>sp„ lp¡e R>¡. Äepf¡ L¡$

cNhv¹$c¼s sp¡ L$X$hu v$hp S>¡hp rkÙpÞshQ_p¡ Üpfp gp¡L$p¡_¡ kÞdpN® sfa v$p¡fuS>sp lp¡e R>¡ (îulqf.vy$.rh.â.16-35).

(M)`mo dXË`Ý`WmdmŠ`_² AmMm ©dMZmV² OZ…Ÿ&g§g¥{VàoaH$mo dm{n VËg“mo XwîQ>g“_…Ÿ&&`íM H¥$îUo aqV {ZË § ~moY`Ë`à`moOZm_²Ÿ&{Zanoj… gmpÎdH$íM VËg“… gmYwg“_…Ÿ&&

({ejmnÌ.3Ÿ&8-9)

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (Q)—ApQpe® hQ_\u rh`fus L¡$ k„kpfâ¡fL$ hpsp¡ S>¡ L$fsp¡ lp¡e s¡_p¡ k“

vy$óV$k“ R>¡. S>¡ L©$óZdp„ r_óâep¡S>_ r_Ðefrs h^pfhp_u hpsp¡ L$fsp¡ lp¡es¡dS> `p¡s¡ `Z r_f`¡n s\p kp[ÒhL$ lp¡e s¡_p¡ k“ kÐk“ ÅZhp¡(rinp`Ó.3&8-9).

(N>)ŸVoZ JwéËd_od d¥{ÎmËdoZ \$b{V, wŠV§ M EVX² AZwnH¥$Ë` nañdJ«hUoF${UËdoZ ~ÝYñ` àgÄOZmV². {H$ÄM F$VmoÎma_² A_¥Vm»`m`m… A`m{MVd¥Îmo…CŠVËdmV² Vñ`m_{n {eî`ñ`¡d J«mô`§ Z BVañ`Vw Ed§ g§H$moMo Vñ`m_{nàeñVËd{g{Õ… (lrnwéfmoÎm_OrH¥$V-ñdd¥{ÎmdmX).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (R>)—Ap_p\u rkÙ \pe R>¡ L¡$ NyfyÐh A¡ Ap`Zu ApÆrhL$p L¡$ h©rÑ R>¡.

A¡ ep¡Áe S> R>¡ L¡$dL¡$ L$p¡B `Z L$pe® L$ep® rh_p S> L$p¡B_y„ ^_ gB g¡hp\u s¡_pF>Zu \hpe R>¡ S>¡ bÞ^_L$pfu b_¡ R>¡. s¡ rkhpe F>s h©rÑ_p `R>u "Ad©s'—_pd_u S>¡ AeprQs h©rÑ L$l¡hpdp Aphu R>¡ s¡_¡ A`_phsp„ `p¡sp_p rióerkhpe AÞe L$p¡B `Z `pk¡\u Öìepqv$N°lZ _ L$fhpdp Aphsy„ lp¡e sp¡ s¡hp¡k‘p¡Q lÆ h y âi„k_ue NZpe (îu yfyjp¡ÑÆL©$s-õhh©rÑhpv$).

90 91

(O) JwéUm doem{XZm _mJ©éqM narú` {Okmgm§ M AdJË` àíZmZÝVa§ godm{XH$_²

CnXoîQ>ì`_² B{V. (V.Xr.{Z.à.Am.^“.2Ÿ&255-256).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (S>)—NyfyA¡ k¡hp¡ v¡$i-îhZ_u BÃR>p fpM_pfp_p h¡ihN¡f¡—(cpjp, cph,

fyrQ, ApQpf—-—rhQpf)—_p Üpfp dpN®fyrQ_u `funp L$fu_¡ s\p rS>opkp_¡ `ZÅZu_¡ s¡_p A_yê$` âí_ L$f¡ Ðepf¡ S> s¡_¡ k¡hp rhN¡f¡_p¡ D`v¡$i L$fhp¡ Å¡BA¡(k.r_.Ap.c„.225-256).

(10) mJdVH$Wm

(H$).........VVmo ^mJdV§ H¥$V_²Ÿ&EVXä`gZmV² bmoH$mo _wÀ`Vo@ZwnOrdZmV²Ÿ&&Ÿ57Ÿ&&gmYZ§ na_oV{Õ lr^mJdV_mXamV²Ÿ&nR>Zr § à`ËZoZ {Zh}VwH$_² AXå^V…Ÿ&&Ÿ243Ÿ&&nR>Zr § à`ÝVoZ gd©hoVw{dd{O©V_²Ÿ&&d¥Î`Wª Z¡d wÁOrV àmU¡… H$ÊR>JV¡a{nŸ&&VX^mdo `W¡d ñ`mV² VWm {Zdm©h_mMaoV²Ÿ&&&Ÿ253-4Ÿ&&

(V.Xr.{Z.Ÿ-Ÿ2Ÿ&67,243,254).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (L$)—...—Ðepf¡ ìepkÆA¡ cpNhs yfpZ âL$V$ L$ey S>¡_p Aæepk—(îhZ-

õdfZ-L$us®_)—\u gp¡L$p¡ dy¼s \B iL¡$ R>¡ `fÞsy Å¡ cpNhs_p¡ ApÆrhL$p\®

Dèp¡N _ \sp¡ lp¡e sp¡ S>. Ap cpNhs S> A¡L$ î¡óW$ kp^_ R>¡ s¡\u âeÐ_ |h®L$,L$p¡B Z gp¥qL$L$ l¡sy L¡$ v$çc rh_p, Apv$f |h®L$ Ap_p¡ pW$ L$fhp¡ Å¡BA¡, cpNhs_p¡`pW$ âeÐ_ |h®L$ AÞe L$p¡B `Z l¡sy rh_p S> L$fhp¡ Å¡BA¡. âpZ Ap`Zp L$ÎW$ky u `Z L¡$d _ Aphu Åe `fÞsy ApÆrhL$p\® sp¡ cpNhs_p¡ Dèp¡N _ S>L$fhp¡ Å¡BA¡. cpNhs_p¡ ApÆrhL$p\® Dèp¡N _ L$fu_¡ buÆ S>¡ L$p¡B `Z fus¡\B iL¡$ s¡ fus¡ `p¡sp_p¡ r_hp®l Qgphhp¡ Å¡BA¡ (k.r_.67. 243,254).

(I) ObmW©_od JVm©ñVw ZrMm JmZmonOr{dZ…Ÿ&&

(ŸOb oX.5Ÿ). nÄM_§ ^md_² Amhþ… "ObmW©_od' B{V. àjmbZmopÀN>îQ>-ObàjonmW©_od

o JVm©… VÎmwë`m… ZrMm… JmZmonOr{dZ… B{V AW©…Ÿ...ŸVoZ CpÀN>îQ>Ÿ-ŸJV©Ÿ-ŸObdV² Vofm§ ^mdmo Z g{Ø… J«mô`… B{V AW©…Ÿ...Ÿnm¡am{UH${Zê$nUmZÝVa§ nwZ…`X² Jm`H${Zê$nU§ VX² EVmÑemZm§ nm¡am{UH$mZm_² EVX²Jm`H$-Vwë`Ëd-kmnZmW©_²Ÿ.

(lrH$ë`mUam`{da{MV-ObôX-{dd¥{V.5).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmXm¡) (M)—S>¡ gp¡L$p¡ cNhv¹$NyZNp__¡ `p¡sp_u ApÆrhL$p_y„ kp^_ b_ph¡ R>¡ s¡hp

NyZNp_ L$f_pfpAp¡ sp¡ A`rhÓ-drg_ S>g_¡ c¡Ny„ L$fhp dpV¡$ S>du_dp„ Mp¡v$hpdpAphsp MpX$p S>¡hp lp¡e R>¡.(—S>gc¡v$.5—)

îudlpâcy `p„Qdp„ cph_y„ hZ®_ L$fhpdpV¡$ ""S>g_¡ c¡Ny„ L$fhp dpV¡$''iåv$âep¡N L$f¡ R>¡. dp¡Yyƒ$hN¡f¡ ^p¡hpdp„ h`fpe¡g A`rhÓ S>g_¡ c¡Ny„ L$fhp dpV¡$S>du_dp„ S> MpX$p¡ Mp¡v$hpdp Aph¡ R>¡ s¡_p S>¡hp _uQ cNhv¹$Np_p¡ ÆhuAp¡lp¡e R>¡—...—Ap\u A¡ Apie âL$V$ \pe R>¡ L¡$ h`fpe¡gy„ N„vy$—-—A`rhÓ S>m S>¡dh`fpidp„ g¡hpsy„ _\u s¡d cNhv¹$Np_p¡ ÆrhAp¡_p cphp¡ kpfp d_yóep¡ dpV¡$N°pøe _\u lp¡sp...`p¥fprZL$p¡_p cph_y„ r_ê$`Z L$fu_¡ NpeL$p¡_p S>¡ Ap cph_y„r_ê$`Z L$fhpdp„ Apìey„ R>¡ s¡ Aphp (ApÆrhL$p\® yfpZp¡_y„ Dèp¡N L$f_pf)`p¥fprZL$p¡ Aphp NpeL$p¡_p kdp_ R>¡ s¡ v¡$MpX$hp dpV¡$ (îuL$ëepZ.rh.S>.c¡.5).

92 93

(11) ñdgoì`-ñdê$n-àgmX-J«hU

(H$)ŸAnaÄM XmZo {h Z ñd{d{Z`moJ… ZVw {ZdoXZo AÝ`Wm {Zdo{XVmÝZmXo…^moOZ§ Z ñ`mX² A{Zdo{XVñ` {Z{fÕËdmV². {Zdo{XVmZm_² AWm©Zm§ ^JdX² moJmWª{d{Z`moJo OmVo VÔÎmàgmXËdoZ ñdmon^moJH¥${V… C{MVVam XmgY_©ËdmV².

(ZdaËZ{dd¥{V.1).

"AnaÄM'ŸBË`m{X XmZ§ Zm_ ñdËd-n[aË`mJ-nyd©H$… nañdËdmoËnmXZmZwHy$b…""Vwä`_² Ah§ gåàXXo Z __'' BË`m{X eãXm{^ì §½`mo _Zmoì`mnma… Vpñ_Z² H¥$Vog{V "{h' {ZíM oZ "Z ñd{d{Z`moJ…' XÎmmnhma-XmofmoËnmXH$ËdmV². {ZdoXZ§ VwVXr`ËdmZwgÝYmZnyd©H$… ñdËdm{^_mZË`mJmZwHy$b… ""Vwä § g_n© m{_-{ZdoX`m{_''BË`m{XeãXm{^ì §½`… VX²{dbjUmo _Zmoì`mnma… Vpñ_Z² H¥$Vo Vw Z… ñd{d{Z`moJmoXmofm` XÎmmnhmaXmofmZwËnmXH$ËdmV²Ÿ.

(lrnwéfmoÎm_OrH¥$V.Z.{d.à.1).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (L$)—A`fÊQ cNhÐõhê$`_¡ dpV¡$ v$p_—(c¡V$)—_p ê$`dp„ L$C `Z Apàep

`R>u Ap`Zp L$p¡C `Z L$pe®dp„ s¡ hõsy_p¡ Dèp¡N L$fu iL$psp¡ _\u, `fÞsycNhÐõhê$`_¡ L$p¡C hõsy_y„ r_h¡v$_ L$fhpdp Aph¡ Ðepf¡ Ap hps gpNy `X$su_\u. _tl sp¡ âcy_¡ r_h¡qv$s AÞ_pqv$_y„ `Z N°lZ L$fu iL$pe _tl. hmuAr_h¡qv$s hõsy_p¡ D`cp¡N sp¡ r_rjÙ S> R>¡. s¡\u r_h¡qv$s hõsy_p¡ cNhÐk¡hpdp„rhr_ep¡N \ep `R>u cNhÐâv$Ñ âkpv$_p ê$ ¡ c¼s Üpfp D`cp¡N sp¡ DrQs S>R>¡, v$pk_p¡ ^d® s¡d L$fsp„ _csp¡ lp¡hp\u (_.rh.1).

""A`fÊQ—...'' Ap`Zp õhprdÐh_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ L$p¡CL$ `pfL$p_y„ õhprdÐh Ecy„L$fhy„ S>¡hy„L¡$ ""Ap lw„ s_¡ Ap y„ Ry>„—-—lh¡ Ap hõsy dpfu _tl fl¡'' A¡hp iåv$p¡

Üpfp Arcìe¼s L$fhpdp Aphsp k‘ë`\u "v$p_' Ap`hpdp Aph¡ R>¡. v$p_Ap`sp„ L$p¡C `Z k„Å¡Np¡dp Ap ¡gu hõsy_p¡ `p¡sp_p dpV¡$ rhr_ep¡N_u R|>V$_\u. s¡d L$fsp Ap ¡gy„ v$p_ `pRy>„ T|„V$hu g¡hp_p¡ v$p¡j NZpe. r_h¡v$_ sp¡,Äepf¡L¡$, `p¡sp_u bpbsdp„ sv$ue lp¡hp_y„ A_ykÞ^p_ fpMu_¡ õhprdÐhprcdp_(_tl L¡$ õhprdÐh) _p¡ ÐepN L$fhp\u \pe R>¡, S>¡_¡ dpV¡$ ""Ap lw„ s_¡ kdr ®sL$ê„$ Ry>„—-—r_h¡qv$s L$ê„$ Ry>„'' A¡hp iåv$p¡ h`fpe R>¡. Apdp v$p_\u L$p„BL$ Sy>v$p¡ S>k‘ë`pÐdL$ d_p¡ìep`pf lp¡e R>¡. Apdp v$p_\u L$p„CL$ Sy>v$p¡ S> k„L$ë`pÐdL$d_p¡ìep`pf lp¡e R>¡. Apd r_h¡v$_ L$ep® R>u r_h¡qv$s hõsy_p¡ p¡sp_p D`cp¡Ndp„rhr_ep¡N v$p¡jê$` \sp¡ _\u. L¡$dL¡$ buÅ_¡ L$iy„ A`pC _\u füy L¡$ _\u buÅ_y„L$p„C T|„V$hpdp Aphu füy„ (îu yfyjp¡ÑdÆL©$s _.rh.â 1).

(12) VrW©n ©Q>Z

dUm©l_- wŠVmZm_{n dUm©l_Y_£… VrWm©{Z {dH$ënÝVo B{V AmhŸ-Ÿ`kmñVrWm©{Z M nwZ… g_m{Z h[aUm H¥$Vm…Ÿ&AVñVoîdà{VJ«mhr VÔrZmÝZm{YH$ñ` {hŸ&&hVÌn… nR>pÝZË § Zm_m{Z M H¥$Vm{Z MŸ&EH$mH$s {Zñn¥h… emÝV… n ©Q>oV² H¥$îUVËna…Ÿ&&

...ŸVÌ AQ>ZàH$maH$_² Amh "AVñVoîdà{VJ«mhr' B{V. VrW©àdoe{Xdgo VwCndmg… A{J«_{Xdgo `{X AÝZ_mÌ_{n ZmpñV VXm VmdÝ_mÌ§ J«mø§ Z Vw VVmoA{YH$_²Ÿ...ŸCÀM¡… Zm_g‘>rV©Z§ VÌ A“_² AÝV ©JdËñ_aUÄM. EH$mH$s n ©Q>oV².Z AÌ ""Z¡H$ ànÚoVmÜdmZ_²'' B{V ñ_¥{VXmof… n{W ^moJmÚWª ñn¥hm Z H$V©ì`memÝVíM {MÎmo ^doV²...

(V.Xr.{Z.àŸ:Ÿ2Ÿ&248-9).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…)

94 95

hZp®îdhpmp Ar^L$pqfAp¡_¡ dpV¡$ `Z hZp®îd^d® s\p su\®epÓp_phÃQ¡ rhL$ë` õhuL$pfhpdp Apìep¡ R>¡ A¡hy„ r_ê$`Z L$fhpdp Aph¡ R>¡—-—eop¡ s\psu\p£_¡ cNhp_ lqfA¡ kdp_ b_pìep R>¡ s¡\u A¡L$ qv$hk\u h^pf¡ Qpg¡ s¡V$gukpdN°u_p¡ ârsN°l L$fhp¡ _l]. cNhp__p _pd A_¡ gugp_p¡ `pW$ r_:k„L$p¡QL$fsp fl¡hy„ Å¡CA¡. dpN®dp„ L$p¡C `Z Ås_p cp¡N rhN¡f¡_u õ ©lp fp¿ep rh_pipÞscph\u epÓp L$fhu Å¡CA¡.

...—su\p®V$__p¡ âL$pf r_ê$r`s \pe R>¡ ""s¡\u—...''Üpfp. su\®n¡Ódp„ âh¡i_¡qv$hk¡ sp¡ D`hpk S> fpMhp¡ Å¡CA¡. ApNgp qv$hk¡ Å¡ Mphp |fsp¡ Mp¡fpL$ _lp¡e sp¡ s¡V$gp¡ gC iL$pe R>¡ s¡\u h^pf¡ _rl—...—hpZu\u DÃQ õhf\u _pdk„L$us®_A_¡ ùv$edp„ cNhÐõdfZ Ap su\®epÓp_p A„N R>¡. è®V$_ A¡L$pL$usep L$fhy„Å¡CA¡. Apdp„ ""A¡L$pL$u epÓpA¡ _ S>hy„'' Ap õd©rshQ_dp„ hZ®h¡g v$p¡jgpNsp¡ _\u. dpN®dp„ cp¡N rhN¡f¡_u õ ©lp fpMhu _rl. ipÞs fl¡hy„ Å¡CA¡(s.v$u.r_.â.2&248-9).

(13) AmMm ©dMZme`{ZYm©aUàH$mamong§hma

(H$)Vñ_mÀN´>rdëb^m»` ËdXw{XVdMZmXÝ`Wm ê$n`pÝVŸ&

«mÝVm o Vo {ZgJ©{ÌXe[anwV`m Ho$dbmÝYÝV_moJm…Ÿ&&(lrà wMaU-H¥$V-dëb^mîQ>H$ 3).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (L$)—l¡ îuhëgc—! Ap ¡ L$l¡g hQ_p¡\u rh`fus S>¡Ap¡ L$p¡C L$p„BL$ L$l¡ R>¡ sp¡

s¡Ap¡ b^p c°pÞs A_¡ L¡$hg AÞ^Þsd _fL$_¡ âpàs \_pfp klS> Apkyfu ÆhR>¡. (îuâcyQfZ-L©$s-hëgcpóV$L$ 3).

(I)Ÿ

VXml`mo Z dMZ¡… {H$ÝVw VÝ_mJ©{ZîR>`mŸ&_mJ©{ZîR>m Z ñd~moY¡… {H$ÝVw VmÑ½Jwê${XV¡…Ÿ&&Jwê${XVm{Z dmŠ`m{Z Z ñdVmo øZwdmXV…Ÿ&AZwdmXmo Z ñd~wÕ`m {H$ÝVw _ybH«$_mJV…Ÿ&&AWm{n VÌ Mmnoú`mo ÑT>… ñdmMm ©g§l`…Ÿ&

({ejmnÌ 8Ÿ&26-28).

(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) (M)îudlpâcyÆ_p¡ Apîe dpÓ hpZu\u _tl `fÞsy îudlpâcyÆ_p

dpN®dp„ r_óW$p fpMu_¡ L$fhp¡ Å¡BA¡. hmu dpN®dp„ r_óW$p `Z L$p¡fu `p¡sp_ukdS>\u _tl `fÞsy dpN®_p Nyfy Üpfp L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡g hQ_p¡_p A_ykpffpMhu Å¡BA¡. Nyfy_p hQ_p¡_p¡ A\® `Z dpÓ `p¡sp_u byrÙ\u _tl `fÞsyA_yhpv$s: kdS>hp¡ Å¡BA¡. hmu A_yhpv$ `Z L¡$hm `p¡sp_u byrÙ\u _tl`fÞsy d|m¾$d-`fç`fp_p A_ykpf L$fhp¡ Å¡BA¡. Ap b^p âL$pfdp„ `Z y_:îudlpâcyÆ_p¡ ×Y$ Apîe sp¡ S>fyfu R>¡ S>.(rinp`Ó.8:26-28).

(J)Ÿ`mo dX³Ë`Ý`Wm dmŠ`_² AmMm ©dMZmÁOZ…Ÿ&g§g¥{V àoaH$mo dm{n VËg“mo XwîQ>g“_…Ÿ&&`íM H¥$îUo aqV {ZË § ~moY`Ë`à`moOZm_²Ÿ&{Zanoj… gmpËdH$íM VËg“… gmYwg“_…Ÿ&&Ed§ {ZpíMË` gd}fw ñdr ofw AÝ ofw dm nwZ…Ÿ&_hËHw$bàgyVofw H$V©ì`… g“{ZU© …Ÿ&lr_XmMm ©MaUo _{V… ñWmß`m gXm ñdV…Ÿ&VVEd ñdH$s`mZm§ {g{Õ… H$m ©ñ` gd©WmŸ&&

({ejmnÌ.3Ÿ&8-11)

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(JwO©a^mfm-^mdmZwdmX…) —(N)—ApQpe® hQ_\u rh`fus S>¡ hps L$fsp¡ lp¡e A\hp S>¡ k„kpfâ¡fL$

hpsp¡ L$fsp¡ lp¡e A¡hp_p¡ k“ A¡ vy$óV$k“ R>¡. S>¡ îuL©$óZdp„ r_óâep¡S>_ r_Ðefrsh^pfhp_u hps L$fsp¡ lp¡e s\p S>¡ `p¡s¡ `Z r_f ¡n A_¡ kp[ÒhL$ lp¡e s¡_p¡k“ A¡ kÐk“ R>¡. Ap L$kp¡V$u v$f¡L$—-õhdpN}e, AõhdpN}e; A\hp hëgcLy$gdp„âk|s—- _u kp\¡ L$fhpdp Aph_pf kÐk„N_¡ QL$pkhp dpV¡$ R>¡. y[óV$dpN}Ap¡_pb^p L$pep£ Ap\u S> rkÙ \i¡ (ri.`.3&8-11).

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