RIA Specification No. 12

BRB/LU Ltd/RIA Technical and Standards Committee Specification No 12 General Specification for Protection of Traction and Rolling Stock Electronic Equipment from Transients and Surges in DC Control Systems. 1991 (Second Edition

BRB/LU Ltd/RIA Technical and Standards Committee, Railway Industry Association 6 Buckingham Gate London SWlE 6JP Telephone: 071 834 1426 Telex : 297304 Fax: 071 821 1640

0 First Edition BRITISH RAILWAYS BOARD and RAILWAY INDUSTRY ASSOCIATI ON, 1984

@ Second Edition BRITISH RAILWAYS BOARD, LONDON UNDERGROUND LTD AND RAILWAY INDUSTRY ASSOCIATI ON, 1991

The technical content of this document is under constant review by the BRB/Lu Ltd/-RIA Technical and Standards Committee, ensuring tha t its content reflects current technology:

Proposals for amendments to this document should be forwarded to the Director, Railway Industry Association, for review bv the BRB/LU LtdIRIA Technical and Standards Committee.

Amendment sheets may be issued from time to time. I t is important tha t users of this document check tha t they a r e in possession of the la tes t amendments by writing to the above address.

Copies of th is Specification a r e avai lable from:

Railway Industry Association 6 Buckingham Gate London SWlE 6JP

Orders/Payments to be made to the Railway Industry Association.

This is a proprietary specification of the British Railways Board, London Underground Ltd. and the Railway Industry Association. -

The Specification, including d a t a and information relat ing thereto, is not to be ueed, disseminated, reproduced, copied or adapted, either i n whole

a

or i n par t , without the express written approval of the above mentioned authority at the address shown.

BRB/LU Ltd/RIA SPECIFICATION No. 12: 1991

GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PROTECTION OF TRACTION & ROLLING STOCK ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT FROM TRANSIENTS AND SURGE3 IN DC CONTROL SYSTEMS

CONTENTS Clause Page

SCOPE

RELATED SPEC1 FICATIONS

DEFINITIONS Control System Voltage Supply Vehicle Wiring Surge Transient Fa i lure

REQUIREMENTS

SURGE & TRANSIENT LEVELS General Supply Related Surge Direct Transient Indirect Coupled Transient

TEST PROCEDURES Supply Related Surge Direct Transient Indirect Coupled Transient Test Requirements Test Methods

SUPPRESSION CIRCUITS

FIGURES & TABLES

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Surge a n d Trans ien t Parameters

Trapezoidal Voltage Test

a) Test Circuit b Test Waveform

Figure 3. Alternative Test for Supply Related Surge

a) Typical Test Circuit b) Test Waveform

Figure 4. Capacitor Discharge Voltage Transient Test

a) Test Circuit b) Test Waveform

473& i f


GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PROTECTION OF TRACTION & ROLLING STOCK ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT FROM TRANSIENTS AND SURGES IN DC CONTROL

SYSTEMS

1. SCOPE

1.1 This specification de ta i l s the su rge and t rans ien t immunity requirements of all electronic equipment connected to. or used to der ive, the control system voltage supply or connected to t he vehicle wir ing.

2 - RELATED SPEC1 FICATIONS

IEC 571 : Rules for Electronic Equipment used on Rail Vehicles

BRBILU Ltd/RIA 13 : General Specification for Electronic Equipment used

on Traction and Rolling Stock. ? ,


3. DEFINITIONS

Within this specification, the following definitions apply.

3.1 Control System Voltage Supply

The DC voltage supply used to power the vehicle control equipment. This supply may be derived from a vehicle battery. Equipment used to derive this supply may include battery chargers , auxi l la ry inverters and motor alternator or motor generator sets with associated electronic regulators, which in general are non-receptive.

Where the control system voltage supply is derived from a bat tery, the nominal control system voltage sha l l be the normal voltage of the battery on charge. When no battery is fi t ted, the nominal control system voltage sha l l be the normal controlled level of tha t voltage.

For the purpose of this specification, electronic equipment used to derive the control system voltage supply. energised from some other power source, sha l l be subject to the surge and t ransient immunity requirements of th i s specification a s i f i t were energised from the control system voltage supply.

Such equipment will include, for example, electronic voltage and frequency regulators energised directly from al ternator outputs.

3.2 Vehicle Wiring

Vehicle wiring s h a l l include a l l wiring- which can be connected to the control system voltage sup'ply, wherever located. and all other electronic wiring external to equipment housings provided by the electronic equipment supplier.

3.3 Surge

An electrical disturbance to the control system voltage supply caused by equipment controlling tha t supply. A su rge w i l l occur as an increase in the level of the control system voltage and may have a source impedance approaching zero.

3.4 Transient

An electrical disturbance produced by the normal operation of equipment within the vehicle, caused generally by the discharge of energy when inductive circuits a r e switched.

&* BRB/LU Ltd/RIA SPECIFICATION NO. 12: 1991

A t ransient may be present either on the control system voltage supply, on wiring connected direct ly to switched inductive circui ts or coupled electrostatically or electromagnelically from such wiring into other wiring.

A t ransient may be of either polar i ty . The effective value of the source impedance of a t ransient will depend upon the manner of its generation and coupling but will, i n many circumstances, be low.

3.5 Failure

The inabi l i ty of a n item of equipment to continue to perform its in tended f tinction.

. . A temporary malfunction will not be considered a fa i lure provided tha t :

( a ) the equipment will recover normal operation automatically following such malfunction';

( b ) the operational performance of the vehicle is not seriously effected; and

( c ) the malfunction is not apparent to the vehicle operating s ta f f : for example, fau l t indicators must not illuminate.

Equipment requir ing any form of manual reset to restore normal operation following a tempor-ary 'malfuh&ion s h a l l be considered to have failed.

Note: Attentson' is drawn to. the possibility of a consequential fa i lure of a 2itecond item of. Gquipment resulting from a temporary malfuncfion df another item o$ equifrment connected to i t .

1

4.1 All electronic equipment s h a l l withstand surges and t ransients , either directly induced or indirect ly coupled such t h a t no damage

-"

or fa i lure ~ c u & s ;Wring operati'on bh the veh'icle. I L , )

I t may be assumed tha t the equipment will be used only for its intended purpose and tha t it w i l l be operated over all

' - 'I.

reprederitative mod'+. ' , G . ' i x 3 :r . .<**

> 7. , .

BRB/LU Ltd/RIA SPECIFICATION No 12: 1991

4.2 The magnitude, duration a n d source impedance of surges and transients for design purposes sha l l be a s specified i n Section 5 of this specification.

4 . 3 The specified surges and t ransients sha l l be considered to be generated by an idea l voltage source in series with the specified source impedance switched to the electronic equipment by a n idea l switch for the specified duration, in place of the normal control system voltage supply, i f present. This supply sha l l not be assumed to be capable of absorbing any of the surge or t ransient energy. However for cer tain applications it may be assumed t h a t other loads a r e connected in para l le l with the equipment (see Section 6).

4 .4 Surges and t ransients sha l l be assumed to be applied to the electronic equipment a t - the equipment wiring. interface. Where connections to the electronic equipment > a r e m.ade v ia multipole connectors. such connectors and associated wiring harnesses s h a l l be considered to be pa r t of the electronic equipment.

Separate t ransient suppression equipment provided locally to the electronic equipment may be considered to be p a r t of the electronic equipment.

If separa te t ransient protection equipment is not proviged +ocally (typically within one metre of the e?quipment). then the requirements of clause 5 .4 s h a l i apply.

4.5 One equipment of each type, or-. design sha l l be tested to S e c > ; ~ 9 ~ 6 of - t h i s specification to demapstrgte imrnunety from surges and transients. The user may exemise the r ight to witness such' tests.

5. SURGE AND . T v I E m LEVELS

5.1 General > ,

, I .. - 6 1 - 1 " '

5 .1.1 For design purpose?, electronic , e q u ~ m e n f , sha l l b e , c o n - s i d p d .. _., $0 be subject to one o r more forms of electrical disturbance, as defined

i ' : - - . > I . : .,,, . . > $ . a .. \ 5 & ' ' - \ , 5.1.2 surges and t rans ien ts n&y be assumed tg ,.be., ~ ~ n - r g e , t j t i \ r ' ~ ~ and

they should not occur at a time in terva l of less t han 10 seconds.

..@&$.*


5.2 Supply Related Surge

5.2.1 A l l connections to electronic equipment capable of being connected to the control svstem voltage supply shal l withstand the application of each of the Voltage Surges A and B, specified i n Figure 1.

5.2.2 Surges shal l be assumed to be generated with respect to the control system voltage supply return potential and to be present only a s a n increase to the level of the control system supply voltage, which sha l l be assumed to be present before and after the application of the surge. Surges of opposite polarity to the control system voltage supply need not be considered.

5.3 Direct Transient

5.3.1 A l l connections to electronic equipment capable of being connected to the control system voltage supply shal l withstand the application of each of the Voltage Transients C to G , specified i n Figure 1.

5.3.2 The transient voltage levels specified shal l apply irrespective of the value of the control svstem supply voltage.

5.3.3 Transients shal l be assumed to be generated : - a ) with respect to the control systems voltage supply return

potential: and

b ) between the control system voltage return and equipment earth terminal.

The transients s h a l l be either. polarity, and s h a l l be ass.umed to occur with the control system supply voltage both present and absent. ,.

2

5 .4 I n d i r e Coupled Transient ,,

5.4.1 A l l connections to electronic g u i p r d & t not capable of being connected to the control system voltagq .supply but connected to vehicle wiring and l iable t6 be aff&te.d by e l e ~ t r ~ q t a t i c or

' >,! electromagnetic coupling from other wiring s h a l l withstand the application. of each of. the Voltage -. , Transients H to L i n Figure 1.

i- , & - 5.4.2 The transient voltage levels<, sp>.ci£&,d I \ - - $hall apply irrespective of

the value of the cdntr-01 sjrsterii supply vbltage.


5.4.3 Where i t is agreed between the suppl ier and the user t h a t s p e shielding requirements a r e necessary for cer ta in connections

cia1 to

electronic equipment, such connections sha l l be exempted from the requirements to Clause 5.4.1.

5.4.4 Where the electronic equipment is directly connected to the control system voltage supply re turn potential , t ransients s h a l l be assumed to be generated with respect to t ha t potential.

Where the electronic equipment is electrically isolated from the control system voltage supply , t ransients s h a l l be assumed to be generated with respect to the electronic equipment power supply common potential.

Transients s h a l l be assumed to be of either polar i ty and s h a l l be assumed to occur with the control system supply voltage both present and absent. External loads sha l l be disconnected unless they a r e essent ia l to the normal operation of the equipment.

6 . TEST PROCEDUREiS

Each connection to the electronic equipment being tes ted. subject to the requirements of su rge and t ransient immunity specified i n

' Sections 4 and 5 of t h i s specification, s h a l l be subjected in t u rn to a l l of the appropria te test waveforms defined in t h i s section.

Every connection s h a l l be test&, except in the ca se of multiple input/output s igna l s where the minimum number of connections tested s h a l l be 4 or 20% of the number of connections i n each group. whichever is the grea te r . ' A group is defined a s a s e t of input o r output c i rcui ts w&ch" are electrically indentical . The sample to be tested should be selected to reflect differences i n physical layout and proximity to sensi t ive devices.

I t may be necessary for some equipments to d i scharge into a load confiected i n pa ra l l e l with . the equipment under test. In such cases the load resistor s h a l l not be .less than 10 times the nominal source impedance of tkie equipment.

1 '

As %n a l te rna t ive to testing, it may, by calculat ion, be ,demonstrated to t he users satisfaction tha t the equipment is czpable- 03 -wi ths tdnding '%h~ ' iipj>rophi$t&" test -wave fo rk .

, - _ l . :-

. .>$gbbL BRB/LU Ltd/RIA SPEC1 FICATION No. 12: 1991

6.1 Supply Related Surge

EITHER ( a ) Waveforms A and B of the t rapezoidal voltage test shown in Figure 2;

OR ( b ) Waveforms A and B of the a l te rna t ive test shown in Figure 3.

6 . 1 . 1 For each test , the test waveform sha l l be of the same polarity a s the control system supply voltage, which s h a l l be present before and af te r the injection of the test waveform. Voltage levels s h a l l be measured with respect to the control system voltage supply return potential.

6 .2 Direct Transient

EITHER (a) Waveforms C to G inclusive of the trapezoidal voltage test shown i n Figure 2;

OR ( b ) Waveforms C to G inclusive of the capaci tor discharge voltage test shown in Figure 6 .

6.2.1 For each test the test waveform sha l l be assumed to be generated: - ( a ) with respect to the control system voltage supply

return potential;

and ( b ) between the control system voltage return a n d equipment ear th terminal.

The test waveforms s h a l l be of either polarity and s h a l l be applied with the control system voltage both present and absent .

6.3 Indirect Coupled Transient

EITHER (a) Waveforms H to L inclusive of the trapeziodal voltage test shown i n Figure 2; ,

OR ( b ) Waveforms H to L inclusive of the capacitor discharge voltage test , shown in Figure 4.

6.3.1 The test waveform s h a l l be generated with respect to ei ther t h e control system voltage supply return potential o r the electronic equipment poher sudply '~ommon potential, as appropriate , and shall, in turn, be' generated both positive a n d negative with resbect to tha t potential,- w'ith' the electronic equipment both energlised and' de-energised .

- 7 -


6.3.2 Connections to which t rans ien ts a r e applied s h a l l have externa l loads disconnected unless they a r e essential to the normal operation of the equipment.

6.4 Test Requirements

6.4.1 In all cases, t he voltage levels and durations of tes t surges and transients s h a l l be measured with the test generator disconnected from the equipment under tes t .

To minimise the loop inductance of any connecting l eads between the generator and the equipment under test , the leads s h a l l not exceed 3m and sha l l be bound together for the majority of their length.

6.4.2 For each appl icable su rge a n d t ransient , the electronic equipment under test s h a l l be subjected to five applications of each voltage level and polar i ty specified, unless otherwise agreed with the user . The interval between successive applications of tes t waveforms s h a l l not exceed one minute .

6.4.3 Where applicable, each sequence of test t rans ien ts sha l l include applications with control system voltage supplies and/or electronic power supplies both energised and de-energised .

6.4.4 A l l test waveforms s h a l l be applied to the equipment under test a t the equipment wiring interface, a s defined in Clause 4.4.

6.4.5 The test s h a l l be monitored to detect f a i lu re or equipment malfunction. The test s h a l l be deemed to be sat isfactory provided tha t , on completion of tes t ing, no damage or f a i lu re h a s occurred a s defined i n Clause 3.5.

6.4.6 Where non-linear t ransient absorbers a r e employed for surge and t ransient suppression, checks s h a l l be made a t the end of :the test sequence to verify t h a t no degradation has occurred (See 7.3) -

6.5 Test Methods

6.5.1 The equipment under tes t (EUT) sha l l be placed on a ground reference plane. a n d s h a l l be galvanical ly isolated from it by usi.n? a n insulat ing support of about 0 . 1 m thickness. The ground, ~ e f e r e n c e plane, shall b.e- a metpllic sheet (copper or aluminium). ,of, 0.25mm t h i ~ k n e s s . Other metaJlic materials may be used but they have a minimum thiqknfts? of O.65mm. The ground reference . gl<g,e s h a l l project beyond the EUT by a t leas t 0. l m on all s ides but -,with a maximum s ize of 1 - O m squa re - This reference ground p lane s h a l l be connected to a protective ea r th .

- $&* - 7 f.TC

BRB/LU Ltd/RIA SPECIFICATION No 12: 1991

6.5.2 The EUT s h a l l be a r r anged and connected according to its normal ins ta l la t ion requirements. The minimum dis tance between the EUT and a l l other conductive s t ruc tures (e .g . the wal l s of a shielded -

room), except t h e reference ground plane beneath the equipment, s h a l l be more t h a n O.5m. The EUT sha l l be connected to t he ea r th ing system i n accordance with the manufacturers ' ins ta l la t ion specifications. No addi t iona l ea r th ing connections a r e allowed. The connection of ground cab les to the reference ground p lane , and all bondings s h a l l provide minimum inductance.

7. SUPPRESSSI ON CIRCUITS

Where s u r g e and t rans ien t levels i n excess of those specified i n Section 5 can be shown :o be present on the vehicle a t t h e electronic in terface, then e lec t r ica l equipment producing such t rans ien ts may be suppressed a t source.

Where suppression c i rcu i t s a r e provided e i ther within t h e electronic equipment or for suppression a t source, c i r cu i t s comprising res is tance. capaci tance or inductance a r e preferred.

Where non-linear t r ans i en t absorbers a r e employed to enable t he equipment to meet t h i s specif icat ion. then the supp l i e r s h a l l ag ree with the user the number of dis turbances the device will be designed to suppress before duty cycle f a i l u r e can be expected. Device manufac ture r ' s recommendations s h a l l be followed i n determining the parameter level changes a t which du ty cycle f a i l u r e will be assumed.

BRB/RIA SPECIFICATION NO. 12: 1991

FIGURES & TABLES

I I

FIGURE 1 : SURGE AND TlUNSIENT PARAMETERS

Waveform , Type of Disturbmce i Voltage Level Duration

7000 V 100 .:,

Source Impedance I

H

J

K

L

i

-1 I Suppiy R=.ated Surge I 3.5 x V.. L

10 ms / 0.2

+

V, = Nominal Control System Supply Voltage

Indirect Transient 100 C

100 G

100 n

loo n

1500 V ,

3000 V

4000 v

7000 v

50us

5 us

1 US

0.1 US

BRBIRIA SPECIFIC.4TION No. 1 2: 1991

R S

VOLTAGE VOLTAGE TO ELECTRONIC WAVEFORM U EQUIPMENT GENERATOR UNDER TEST

(a) TEST CIRCUIT VOLT.IGE A

C A

i A

0.9 L 1

A

0.5 C

. 0.1 i

1500 V - 50 us 3 11s - \ - - 2-

3000 V 0.3 us 5 us 100 r:

4000 V 0.1 us 1 us 100 .'I.

-. 7000 V 0.05 us 0.1 us 100R .

.-. ' I

[(di*ect Coupled ~ ~ n ; ; c n t 1 500 V 5us - 5 0 ~ s 100 n . - - 3 .

3000 v 0 . 5 ~ s - 5 ~ s 1 00, n

. CI 4000 V 0.1 US 1 us 100 n *

7000 V 0.05 us -' 0.1 Gs *

100-n

Vc = Nominal Control System Supply Voltage ..r I_ .

I .

FIGURE 2 : TRAPEZOIDAL VOLTAGE TEST - -

. & - A -

3RBIRIA SPECIFICATION No. 1 2: 1991 $+&.

CONTROL SYSTEM N SUPPLY VOLTAGE vr vl I -

3 PHASE 30 ELECTRONIC

HALF CONTROLLED SOI6OHz EQUIPMENT

THYRISTOR AC SUPPLY ONDER

BRIDGE TEST

I 1 1 CATEFlRlNG I

CONTROL

r 3) TYPICAL TEST CIRCUIT

series ~esils'for Rs* ( ~ d f k :lo%)

0.2 n

0.2 n

? . . J.. * . . - - -

V, = Nominal Control System Supply Voltage

* Inclusive o f Power Supply Impedance . -

9 J

FIGURE 3: ALTERNATIVE TEST FOR SUPPLY RELATED SURGE

Duration D (~inirnum)

20 ms

1.0 s

Wave Form

A

B ,

Voltage Level U (Minunurn)

3.5 x v,

1.5 x v,

BRBIRIA SPECIFICATION No. 1 2 : 1931

CHARGlNG RESISTOR (HIGH VALUE)

SWITCH S

CHARGING VOLTAGE

VOLTAGE U

( 4 ~ ~ ) -

A

(a) TEST CIRCUIT 2

TIME

\Vave Form

TO ELECrRONIC EQUIPMENT UNDER TEST

I I I

..

1800V / j p s 8 5 0 US 5 n

0.5 us s US 100 n

1 US 100 n

8400 v 0.05 US 0.1 US 100 n I

Indirect Coupled Transient / 1800 V 5 us 50 us

3600 v

FIGURE 4 : CAPAClTOR DISCHARGE VOLTAGE TRANSIENT TEST

-

0.5 US

4800 v

8400 v

5 u s -

100 n

-100 n

0. IUS

0 . 0 5 ~ ~

1 us

0.1 US

100 a

loo n

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RIA Specification No. 12