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Latin America
Inter-related Physical and Human Geographies
http://geographyeducation.org/regional/south-america/
General Outline
• Mountains and Economics
• Mountains and Agriculture
• Human Development Index (HDI)
•
Natural hazards-Plate Tectonics
Andes--Perfect Subduction Zone
Chilean Economy• Pacific Rim
• Elongated, Andes
• Southern Hemisphere
The Andes—Historical Divide
Atacama Desert
• Orographic Lifting
• Cold Ocean Currents
Agricultural Region-Las Pampas• Grains, Livestock
• Breadbasket
• Similar to Midwest in USA
Brazilian Agriculture
• Coffee, Citrus, Tobacco (1st)
General Outline
• Natural Disasters
• Mountains and agriculture
• Human Development Index (HDI)
•
Altitudinal Zonation
SeaLevel
SeaLevel
3000’ 750 m
TIERRA CALIENTE(Tropical)
Bananas, Cocoa, Sugar, Rice
ALTITUDINAL ZONATION
6,500’ 1800 m
SeaLevel
3000’ 600 m
SeaLevel
TIERRA TEMPLADA (Temperate)
Coffee, Rice, Corn, Beans
ALTITUDINAL ZONATION
SeaLevel
6,500’
3000’
2,000 m
600 m
SeaLevel
12,000’ 3,600 m
TIERRA FRIA(Mid-latitude like)Corn, Wheat, Potato
ALTITUDINAL ZONATION
12,000’ 3,600 m
SeaLevel
6,500’
3000’
2,000 m
600 m
SeaLevel
TIERRA HELADA(Alpine)
Grazing, Mining
ALTITUDINAL ZONATION
Culture and Altitudinal Zonation
Indigenous Areas
Spanish settlements
African Influence
SOUTH AMERICA’S
CULTURE SPHERES
The Carribean…
“Races of all continents have miscegenated there, cultures and customs most foreign to each other have syncretized, nature has exploited into myriads of forms, and the constant feast of colorand sounds has goaded the formal carnival to paroxysm…”
Gabriel García Márquez, Colombian novelist
The Caribbean… A carnival of abundance
South American Drug Trade
MAINLAND vs RIMLAND
General Outline
• Natural Disasters
• Mountains (Altitudinal Zonation)
• Human Development Index (HDI)
•
HDI-Levels of Human Development
• Income• Literacy
• Life Expectancy• Education
HDICountry HDI (2012)
Mexico 57
Guatemala 131
Belize 93
El Salvador 105
Honduras 121
Nicaragua 129
Costa Rica 69
Panama 58
Columbia 88
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index
Regional Consequences
• Migration– Source countries?– Destinations?
• Foreign Investment– Where would you invest?
• Political stability– Military power
Alajuela, Costa Rica
Costa Rica
Costa Rica Airport
