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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
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Aupudg 6>>;
Kgpevykes=Fk|bo~Sohi
Ogpbe39pbCegevahLogyegpkog
@kole|agLogyegpkogVe|ohupkog|ag Godkgap
kog|Cvoskgcag LbagckgcskpbpbeE~k|lo~ahLogievegleLegpev
Vbo`e K|hag`| \ouvle iov E~k|lo~ah Ges|
Vk|eg
Pbe Logyegpkogah K||ue
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
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VK\EGVbo`e K|hag`| \ouvle iov E~k|lo~ah Ges|
Pbe E~k|lo~ah @kole|e oi Vbo`e K|hag`
635 Govpb Dakg \pveep(^voyk`egle( VK >6;>1+ (>>>(
ag` aga~~vorkdape vea`ev|bk~ oi 63(>>>' Iov dove
kgiov$dapkog ov po velekye a lo~{ oi ouv vape lav`
E$dakhvk|egNe~k|lo~ahvk'ovc
Gope= @k|~ha{ a`| iov ~avk|b ov `kole|ag ovcagk}a$
pkog| ag` ~vocvad| skhh fe alle~pe` skpboup lbavce(
ag` u|e` og a |~ale$ayakhafhe fa|k|' ^hea|e e$dakhpbe E`kpov ap
vk|egNe~k|lo~ahvk'ovc iov |k}e ag`
lohov |~elklapkog|'
Loyev ^bopo=Pajeg f{ Vupb Depeev( ap pbe lovgev oi ^osev ag`
Coyevg"ov+ \pveep| kg ^voyk`egle( VK
Ah h uglve` k pe` ~bopo| f{ Vupb Depeev
E~k|lo~ah Lbavkpke| Iug`oi Vbo`e K|hag`
0>163005>> r6
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
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Logpegp|IEAPUVE\Cegevah Logyegpkog iov @uddke| 16Fove` f{
~avhkadegpav{ mavcog? Mu|p geyev jgosg sbap podaje o kp? Vea` pbk|
cuk`e ov a ug he||og afoup Cegevah
Logyegpkog'
Vbo`e K|hag` ap Cegevah Logyegpkog 10Ikv|p Kd~ve||kog|f{ Vupb
Depeev( ap pbe E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb
Sodeg vkeggkah skpb Fevgkle Fehp( ag` a |uddav{ o
Logyegpkog alpkog| o veheyagle po pbe @kole|e o VK
Fk|bo~ Sohi og Cegevah Logyegpkog 12Ag erlhu|kye kgpevykes(
dodegp| apev pbe ha|p heck|hapkye|e||kog lho|e`'
ELL= D{ \pov{ 6>Kag Bohhk`a{ cvos| ag` lbagce| skpb ELL'
@kole|ag Logyegpkog Ve|ohupkog| 66Ag` Godkgapkog|' Vea` u~ ag`
fe vea`{ ov ouv osg
@kole|ag Logyegpkog og Olpofev 60pb 6>>;'
LOHUDG\O~egkgc| 0
Ivod pbe Fk|bo~Fo`{ Fukh`kgc
Hkykgc pbe Mouvge{ ocepbev\lege|
Ges|Fvkei| 2vale| o pbe va`e ap UVKPe Lho|kgc o E~k~bag{
\ue Buvg| Vepkvedegp
E~k|lo~ah Lbavkpke|
E~k|lo~ah Hkie 62
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AUPUDG 6>>; / VK\EG
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
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Co`| Cvag`euv
PBE SOVH@ k| lbavce` skpb pbe cvag`euv oi Co`'
Kp skhh ade oup( hkje |bkgkgc ivod |booj iokh:
Kp capbev| po a cveapge||( hkje pbe oo}e oi okh
Lvu|be`' Sb{ `o deg pbeg gos gop velj bk| vo`?
Cegevapkog| baye pvo`( baye pvo`( baye pvo`:
Ag` ahh k| |eave` skpb pva`e: fheave`( |deave` skpb pokh:
Ag` seav| dag| |du`ce ag` |bave| dag| |dehh= pbe |okh
K| fave gos( gov lag ioop ieeh( fekgc |bo`'
Ag` iov ahh pbk|( gapuve k| geyev |~egp:
Pbeve hkye| pbe `eave|p ive|bge|| `ee~ `osg pbkgc|:
Ag` pboucb pbe ha|p hkcbp| oii pbe fhalj Se|p segp
Ob( dovgkgc( ap pbe fvosg fvkgj ea|psav`( |~vkgc|
Felau|e pbe Boh{ Cbo|p oyev pbe fegp
Sovh` fvoo`| skpb savd fvea|p ag` skpb ab! fvkcbp skgc|'
$Cevav` Daghe{ Bo~jkg|
0 VK\EG / AUPUDG 6>>;
O~egkgc|
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
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po felode pbe ~ev|og Co` sagp| |o pbapbk| de||ace ag` dk||kog
da{ os kgpo pbe
sovh`'
Skpb ahh boge|p{( K lag |a{( K hoye po ckyedoge{ asa{' Kg alp(
d{ pkpbe lode| v|p(ag` K hkye og sbap vedakg|( ag` baye ovoyev
pbkvp{ {eav|' Ckykgc k| a ~vkykhece( gopa `up{' Boseyev( K loge||(
|odepkde| kpeeh| hkje a `up{ ag` K `o kp ag{sa{'
K jgos pbap pbe pkde| ave `kluhp ov |ode~eo~he' Boseyev( a es
{eav| aco( sbegdoge{ sa| dove ~hegpkuh( ckykgc sa| gopdove
afug`agp' Gos se baye pbe lbahhegce po fe afug`agp kg |~kpe o pbe
~ve|
egp elogodkl log`kpkog|' K jgos pbap kp`oe|gp daje |eg|e' Do|p o
pbe Lbvk|pkaghke k| gop afoup |eg|e fup afoup akpbuhge|| ag` pvu|p
ag` |alvkle' Lbavkpafheckykgc |bouh` fe a |~kvkpuah( vapbev pbagag
elogodkl `elk|kog' Elogodklahh{(
lbavkpafhe ckykgc geyev~a{|( svope Vog Fhue(a ~voe||kogah
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po |jkd vod pbe po~'
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pbe{ baye( `elekyepbed|ehye| k pbe{ pbkgj pbap pbe{ souh`fe
cegevou| k pbe{ ba` dove'
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pbag pbe sk`os|
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ag`egoucb po beh~ pbe do|p gee`{ kgpbekv dk`|p'
Pe do|p cegevou| ckyev| kg pbeUgkpe` \pape| ave pbo|e sbo ave
kgpbe foppod ogepbkv` o pbe kglodeheyeh' K baye er~evkegle` pbk|
heyeho cegevo|kp{ kg d{ dkgk|pv{' Oge
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fkc cvkg |bea``e`( Ag` Kye geyev feeg kg sagpo ag{pbkgc' Pap sa| a
~e~ pahj ovde!
K baye davyehe` ap pbe appkpu`e o mo{ag` afug`agle er~ve||e` f{
pbo|e
sbo K pbkgj baye |o hkpphe' Pe{( ogpbe opbev bag`( |ee
eyev{pbkgc a|fhe||kgc'
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posav`doge{: a Lbvk|pkag appkpu`e o hkykgcfehos d{ deag| |o pbap K
lag beh~opbev| hkye fe{og` pbekv|' K sagp po`o pbk| a| ~avp o a
cegevou|( ba~~{akpb loddugkp{' Bos afoup {ou?
K
pbagj {ou `eav Co` ov pbe fhe||kgc|o a ges `a{( ov fekgc ahkye(
ov baykgc oo` po eap( a bou|e po hkye kg( ag`
~eo~he po hoye' Pagj {ou `eav Co` ovfekgc skpb de kg beavpalbe
ag` mo{( kg`avjge|| ag` pbe `asgkgc o {ouv hkcbp( kgpbe bouv o
|ovvos ag` pbe pkde o `ehkcbp'
Eyev{ `a{ ckye| vk|e ov cvapkpu`e ag`pbagj|ckykgc ov ahh pbe
fhe||kgc| Co` ba|fe|pose` u~og u|'
D{ cvag`apbev u|e` po |a{ pbap k {ou ba`{ouv akpb( {ouv adkh{
ag` {ouv beahpb{ou ba` eyev{pbkgc' A| a {ougc fo{ be|uvykye`
pbe~ocvad|kg Vu||ka( pbe pvk~ po
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do`e|ph{( |o pbappbe{ louh` ckye cegevou|h{'
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pbe alp o ovcagk}kgc {ouv hke |o pbapCo` lag |~eg`{ou' Pe sog`evuh
b{dg pbapfeckg| skpb Co(hafov og! logpkgue| skpb |~eg` ag`
fe |~egp' Sbap souh` kp fe hkje poovcagk}e ouv hkye||o pbap se
louh`|~eg` ouv|ehye| mo{uhh{ ag` veeh{ kg pbe|evykle o Lbvk|p ag`
bk| Lbuvlb?
Kp| pbe pkde o pbe {eav sbeg dag{lbuvlbe| olu| og |pesav`|bk~(
ag` pbeayevace ~ev|og kg pbe ~es kgpev~vep| pbk|a| Pe{ mu|p sagp d{
doge{' [ouve ~avpkahh{ vkcbp( fup vkeg`|( kp| pkde ov ag appkpu`e
a`mu|pdegp' Ikv|p o ahh pbe Pe{k| pbe ~eo~he kg {ouv ~avk|b sbo
pocepbev
skpb {ou pv{ po hkye oup Co`| dkgk|pv{ ag`dk||kog'
K ogp jgos afoup {ou( fup pbe lbuvlb ba|fhe||e` de skpb a \aykov
po hoye( \alve`\lvk~puve po cuk`e d{ pboucbp| ag` `elk|kog dajkgc(
a loddugkp{ skpb sbod po|bave pbe akpb( a sa{ o hoojkgc ap hke(
a
yolapkog pbap ueh| d{ ~a||kog( ag` a vea|og po lbagce ag` cvos
ag` ahhos d{|eh
^BOO= VUB DEEEV
hkykgc fehos d{ deag||o pbap K lag beh~ opbev|
hkye fe{og` pbekv|'
Ivod Pe Fk|bo~
AUPUDG 6>>; / VK\EG 5
O~egkgc|
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
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FO@[ FUKH@KGCLogcvecapkogah @eyeho~degpF{ Fep|{ IovgahLagog ov
Logcvecapkog| ag` Lhevc{
Levpakgh{( pbk| ~a|p {eav ba| feeglbahhegckgc! be
elogodkl`osgpuvg ba| poulbe` eyev{oge kg|ode sa{ ov a|bkog' Iov
|ode(pbe agrkep{ o ho|p ov hkdkpe` ed~ho{degp ba| `k|vu~pe` hkye|
po pbeerpegp pbap loyevkgc pbe fa|kl| k| alog|pagp |pvucche' Bode|
baye feegovelho|e`( e`ulapkog ~up og boh`(ag` ~hag| ag` `vead| baye
ahh fup
a`e` asa{' Iov ohj| `e~eg`egp ogkgye|pdegp kglode ov pbekv
`akh{fvea`( hke ba| levpakgh{ lbagce`'
Ag` go oge k| kdduge vod pbk|' K se ave dagackgc po |uvykye kg
pbk|lhkdape( se jgos o adkh{( vkeg`|
ov gekcbfov| sbo ave mu|p boh`kgc og'
Ouv lbuvlbe| ave |uevkgc a| sehh' Gopogh{ ba| pbe ve`ulpkog o
~ev|ogah kglodefeeg vehelpe` kg seejh{ ckykgc kg lbuvlb(
fup ouv eg`osdegp|( opeg a |ouvle o o~evapkgc ug`|( baye feeg
ve`ule` f{ 0>~evlegp' Deagsbkhe( lbuvlbe| ave pajkgceyeg fkccev
fkpe| oup o eg`osdegp ~vkglk~ah po loyev pbe fa|kl| o ~avk|b hke'
Hkjekg ouv adkh{ fu`cep|( lupfalj| ave gele||av{ skpb ve`ulpkog| kg
|pa( ~vocvad|ag`( {e|( eyeg oupvealb' Iov ahh ouv logcvecapkog|(
pbk| deag| `okgc dove skpbhe||' Iov |ode ~avk|be|( pbk| deag|
lkvlhkgcpbe sacog|( alkgc kgsav`ag` boh`kgc og po sbappbe{
baye'
A| Lbvk|pkag|( bos `o se ve|~og`? Bos `o se|bos ouv cvapeuh
beavp|kg pbe|e bav` pkde|? Iovpbo|e o u| sbo ave ovpugape egoucb po
fe ceppkgcf{( se ckye dove' bk|
deag| ckykgc dove o ouv|ehye| a| sehh a||u~~ovpkgc ouv lbuvlb
kgaglkahh{ |o kp lager~ag` dkgk|pvke| po ouv gekcbfov|' Ealbo u| k|
lahhe` f{ Co` po |bave sbap sebaye skpb pbo|e sbo baye he||
sbeveyev
se kg` pbe gee`' beve k| kglve kfhe mo{
kg `okgc |o ag` a |eg|e o pbe afug`agphke se ave ~vodk|e`' Iov
erad~he( se lagckye o ouv pkde po fukh` bode| pbvoucbBafkpap ov
Budagkp{' Se lag mokg opbev
Vbo`e K|hag`ev| kg pbe Cveap @a{ o \evykle
"sss'cveap`a{o|evykle'lod+ beh` ogOlpofev 16' O~~ovpugkpke|
afoug`!
A| lbuvlb dedfev|( se lag fag` pocepbevpo `o dove' Dag{
logcvecapkog| ~voyk`eoo`( lhopbkgc ag` hkykgc e||egpkah| popbo|e
sbo ave skpboup ag` pbe `edag`|cvos `akh{' \p' Mobg| kg A|bpog ba|
velegph{ |pavpe` a oo` ~agpv{ sbklb k| ee`kgcpbo|e kg gee` kg
Ludfevhag`' be Lapbe
`vah |~og|ove` a ~vocvad pobeh~ pbo|e sbo ave uged~ho{e` lveape
ve|ude| ag`cakg |jkhh kg mof kgpevykeskgc'\ou~ jkplbeg| ave
|~vkgckgcu~: bou|kgc ov pbe bodehe||k| fekgc ~voyk`e`' Kg|pea`
olkvlhkgc pbe sacog|( dag{lbuvlbe| ave kg`kgc sa{| povealb oup po
pbekv gekcbfov|kg gee`' Kg`ee`( pbe skhhkgc
ge|| po |~eg` pkde( egevc{ ag` doge{ pobeh~ pbo|e oup|k`e ouv
lbuvlb adkhke| k| a|kcg o logcvecapkogah ykpahkp{'
Bos ba| pbe Co|~eh pvag|ovde` {ou kgpoa cvapeuh ckyev?
PVAG\KPKOG\ a| oi \e~pedfev 6>>;
Lbuvlbe| Velekykgc Gade| Eddagueh( Ges~ovp vkgkp{( Ges~ovp
Cvale( voyk`egle
Velegp Lahh| Pe Vey' @eggk| Fullo( Velpov o
\p' Huje|( ^aspuljep Pe Vey' \u|ag Svapbahh( Velpov o
\p' Davj|( Savsklj
Vepkvedegp|/Pvag|kpkog| Pe Vey' Cvecov{ ^vkov( vepkve` a|
velpov o \p' Ag`ves|f{pbe\ea(Hkpphe Lod~pog |evykgc a|
Kgpevkd
Velpov o Cvale Lbuvlb( ^voyk`egle' Pe Vey' Vofevp Fvooj|(
vepkve`
vod Cvale Lbuvlb( ^voyk`egle(ag` k| |evykgc a| Kgpevkd Velpovap
\p' Ag`ves|f{pbe\ea( HkppheLod~pog'
Pe Vey' Cav{ Hedev{ skhh vepkve a|Velpov o Lbuvlb o pbe
vag|cuvapkog( Lvag|pog og Mag' 1( 6>1>'
Lbuvlbe| kg \eh$\pu`{ \p' @ayk`|ogpbeBkhh( Lvag
|pog \p' Mobg|( A|bpog \p' Mobg|( Favvkgcpog Ahh \akgp|
Dedovkah( voyk
`egle A|leg|kog( Sajeeh` Coo` \be~bev`( aspuljep \p'
Ag`ves|f{pbe\ea( Hkpphe
Lod~pog
Ckye u|cvapeuh beavp|(
ouv Iapbev( ov ahh{ouv devlke|( ag`daje u| dkg`uh
o pbe gee`| o opbev|:pbvoucb Me|u|
Lbvk|p ouv Hov`'Adeg "FL^ 2>;
O~egkgc|
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HKYKGC PBE MOUVGE[P O C E P B E VGope| Og Lbvk|pkag IovdapkogF{
Dav{ Agg Johajos|jk@kvelpov o Lbvk|pkag Iovdapkog
Ahh sbo ave fa~pk}e` ave lahhe` po dkgk|pv{ kg pbe lbuvlb' Ahh
ave lahhe`po fe ovde` kg pbe dkg` ag` beavp oLbvk|p' Pap deag|
pbo|e o u| ap eyev{ aceag` |pace o `eyeho~degp( vod pbe
yev{{ougce|p po pbo|e o u| sbo ave lho|e popbe eg` o ouv hkye| og
pbk| eavpb ag` eyev{oge kg pbe dk``he'
Vkcbp gos K sagp po pbkgj skpb {ou afoup
oge o pbo|e cvou~| kg pbe dk``he( ouv{oupb' K ad vedkg`e` o
|odepbkgc DkjeJkgdag( "ovdev Erelupkye @kvelpov oE~k|lo~ahkag| ov
Chofah Veloglkhkapkog+|ak` ap a Lbvk|pkag ovdapkog hea`ev|bk~
logevegle K appeg`e` a es {eav| aco'Be |ak` pbap pbe {oupb kg
ouv dk`|p fvkgcpbe ckp| o pbekv ~a||kog ov mu|pkle( pbekvfoug`he||
egevc{( ag` pbekv skhhkgcge|| po
paje vk|j| kg pbe gade o Lbvk|p( po Co`ag` Co`| Lbuvlb'
D{ ~va{ev k| pbap se edfvale pbe sog`evo pbe|e ckp| ag` pbe
hkye| o pbe {oupbadogc u|'
Pk| ~a|p \ug`a{( a cvou~ o 50 {oupb"cva`e| 916+ ag`~avk|b
hea`ev| capbeve` ov pbe @kole|ag
[oupb Eyegp| Jklj
Oi FFQ( |behpeve`vod pbe ~ouvkgcvakg( kg pbe ~aykhkogag` pbe
favg ap pbeE~k|lo~ah Logevegle Legpev' [e|(eyeg kg pbe ~ouvkgcvakg(
pbap gudfevcapbeve` po |bos pbekd~ovpagle o ouv {oupb ag` po |a{
pbappocepbev kg Lbvk|p se lag `o kggkpeh{dove pbag ag{ oge o u| ov
ag{ oge ~avk|blag `o ahoge'
A loddkpdegp ba| feeg da`e f{ pbe|e{ougc ~eo~he( pbekv Lbvk|pkag
Iovdapkog
Hea`ev|( ag` @kole|ag \pai po ~hagag` lavv{ oup `kole|ag sk`e
eyegp|ov {oupb' Alpkykpke| skhh kglhu`ee`ulapkogah ~vomelp|(
dk||kog ~vom
elp|( ~va{ev ag` vepveap o~~ovpugkpke|( ag` |olkah eyegp|' Jee~
ag e{eog sss'e~k|lo~ahvk'ovc a| sehh a|og @kole|ag dakhkgc| ag`
edakh aggougledegp| a| eyegp| ave ~hagge`!
Ap pbk| pkde( K souh` hkje po er~ve||d{ `ee~ cvapkpu`epo Fk|bo~
Soh ag`po ahh pbo|e( {ougcag` oh`( sbo oyev
pbe louv|e o dag{{eav| baye sovje`ag` loddkppe`pbed|ehye| po
pbeovdapkye er~evkegle| kg Lbvk|pkagloddugkp{ ap PeE~k|lo~ah
Logevegle Legpev' K jgos
pbap K ad fhe||e` po fe lahhe` kgpohea`ev|bk~ ag` |bave`
dkgk|pv{ skpb
pbe {oupb ag` {ougc a`uhp| pbeve'^hea|e ~va{ skpb de a| se hkye
kg popbk| ges ~ba|e o hke pocepbev'
Lbvk|pkagakpb ovdapkog kg
Pe E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlbk| a hkehogc mouvge{skpb Lbvk|p( kg
Lbvk|p(
ag` po Lbvk|p'
Pe Lbavpev ov Hke hogc Lbvk|pkagIovdapkog( a| vapke` f{
pbe 39pb Cegevah Logyegpkog(Muh{ 6>>;
@KOLE\AG [OUPB EYEGP\
GKCBP SAPLBA~vkh 19 $ 13( 6>1> Pbe Lapbe`vah oi \p' Mobg
pbe @kykge( G[LBkcb \lboohev| skhh pvayeh po pbe Ges [ovj Lkp{
Lapbe`vah ov kp| adou| Gkcbp Saplb vocvad' Iov dove kgovdapkog
yk|kp
sss'|pmobg`kykge'ovc ov logpalp Lapbevkge Pegauhp ap
LAPegauhpNlor'gep
Bouv IadkgeMaguav{ $ 1> \p' Davpkg#| Lbuvlb( ^voyk`egle(
VKMokg skpb opbev {ougc E~k|lo~ahkag| kg Sovh Yk|kog#| bouv adkge'
[ou skhh felode dove asave o sovh` bugcev ag`pbe chofah loddugkp{
ag` ~avpklk~ape kg `okgc |odepbkgc afoup kp! Iov dove kgo yk|kp
sss'bouvadkge'ovc ov logpalpVaqueh Va{ ap \p' Dappbes#|( Favvkgcpog
0>1605 yogag`vaquehNyevk}og'gep
AUPUDG 6>>; / VK\EG 3
O~egkgc|
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
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F{ Pbe Vey' @v' Meggkiev ^bkhhk~|
Ikp{ UVK |pu`egp| appeg`e` a|boskgc o vale| o Pe va`ef{
E~k|lo~ah Ikhddajev JapvkgaFvosg a| ~avp o @kyev|kp{ Seejalpkykpke|
ap pbe Ugkyev|kp{| DuhpkLuhpuvah Legpev' Pe hd ag` `k|lu||kog sa|
|~og|ove` f{ E~kLegpev( pbe E~k|lo~ah Lad~u| Dkgk|pv{o \p'
Aucu|pkge#|( a| pbe v|p #Bopo~kl|( Bop \~eajev|# \evke| ~vo
cvad o pbe {eav'
vale| o pbe va`e sa| hde` sbegD| Fvosg( a dedfev o pbe @e
Soh adkh{( ehp a lahh sbkhe kg |edkgav{po ugloyev pbe `epakh| o
bev adkh{| bk|pov{ kg pbe |haye pva`e' Pe @eSoh| sevepbe gapkog|
do|p seahpb{ ag` ~vodkgegp|hayepva`ev|( fa|e` kg Fvk|poh( Vbo`e
K|hag`( sbklb sa| a je{ ~okgp o pbe pvkagchepva`e pbap doye`
la~pkye Avklag| vodpbe loa|p o Cbaga po Lufa po sovj |ucavlage
~hagpapkog|' Japvkga veahk}e` |be ba`jgosg afoup pbk| bk|pov{ |kgle
eavh{ lbkh`boo`( fup dagace` po fholj kp vod bevappegpkog ov {eav|(
a| ba` opbev adkh{
dedfev|'
Pe hd |bos| Japvkga ag` gkge o pbe
adkh{ dedfev| sbo mokge` bev kg bevmouvge{ vod Fvk|poh po Cbaga
ag` Lufaa| pbe{ bugp pbvoucb Fvk|poh avlbkye| ag`g` ~a~ev| pbap
`epakh bos geavh{ eyev{ bou|eboh` kg Fvk|poh sa| kgyohye` kgpbe
pva`kgc o |haye|' \hayev{ kg pbe `ee~Govpb k| gop |odepbkgc Ges
Egchag`ev|
baye feeg eacev po ale( Fvosg ~okgp| oup(fup pbe apeveielp|
logpkgue kg valkah |e~avapkog( kg ~appevg| o ~vkykhece ag` ~oyevp{
ag` kg pbe dk|ve~ve|egpkgc o bk|pov{'
Pe |pu`egp| sbo lade po pbe UVK |boskgc o vale| a damovkp{
Avklag/Avklag
Adevklag ag` egpevkgc pbekv v|p {eav seve vepklegp kg vealpkgc
po pbe hd kgpbe `k|lu||kog he` f{ Pe Vey' @v' Meggkev ^bkhhk~| sbo
yohugpeev| a| pbe UVKE~k|lo~ah Lba~hakg ag` k| velpov o \p' Au
cu|pkge| Lbuvlb fe|k`e pbe lad~u|( ag`Made| @eSoh ^evv{ KKK( a
dedfev o pbevale| adkh{ ag` a ^b@ |pu`egp ap Bav
yav` kg ^ohkpklah \lkegle ag` Elogodkl|'\ode sbkpe dedfev| o pbe
au`kegle ve|~og`e` f{ velocgk}kgc pbe gee` ~okgpe`oup kg pbe hd o
sbkpe ~eo~he po pahjpo oge agopbev afoup vale ag` valk|d( pbehecal{
o |hayev{ ag` a~~vo~vkapege|| ove|pkpupkog |pvapecke|' Ap hea|p oge
|pu`egp|eede` |bolje` ap pbe k`ea pbap sbkpe ~ve|egpev| seve
|~eajkgc afoup pbekv osg ~avpklk~apkog kg valk|d( ag` ap que|pkog|
a| po
sbepbev peeg| po`a{ seve cvoskgc u~ kg a~o|pvalkah |olkep{( a|
|ode baye avcue`'
Pvale| o pbe Pva`eLvos` oi 5> capbev iov UVK E~klegpev
Lba~hakgl{ Eyegp
^BOO=
Adk|ba`ak
\aljkpe{'
@eSoh adkh{
dedfev| ag`
Cbagakag
Feapvkle Dagu
ap a vkyevlevedog{ kg
Cbaga sbeve
la~puve`
Avklag| seve
fvoucbp ov a
ha|p fapb'
\ue Buvg| VepkvedegpF{ Vupb Depeev
Og Ivk`a{ \e~pedfev 65pb( 6>>;\ue Buvg vepkve` vod bev
~o|kpkoga| pbe Kgpevkd @kvelpov o pbe E~k|lo~ah
Logevegle Legpev' Bev vepkvedegp sa| agkgpkdape aiakv appeg`e`
f{ losovjev| ag`ovdev lad~ev| sbo baye feeg fhe||e` f{bev ; {eav| o
dkgk|pv{ skpb pbe @kole|e'
\ue |pavpe` skpb pbe @kole|e kg 6>>1 a|pbe @kvelpov o pbe
Ve|ouvle Legpev( fupkg 6>>9 Fk|bo~ Soh a|je` bev po |pe~ kga|
pbe Kgpevkd @kvelpov o ELL' \ue poojpbe lbahhegce ag` ba| feeg a
rpuve pbeveeyev |kgle' Pe |ulle|| o pbk| {eav| |ud
dev lad~ k| a pvkfupe po \ue| |ulle|| pbeve(ag` |be k| bo~euh
pbap a ges ag` erlkpkgc ~ba|e ov ELL skhh fe u|beve` kg skpbDav{
Agg Johajos|jk| kvelpov|bk~'
Sbap skhh \ue `o skpb bev ges veepkde?\be bo~e| po |pklj avoug`
Vbo`e K|hag`ag` |~eg` pkde skpb bev pevvkev| Fkp|{ag` Lbhoe' \be
egmo{| cokgc po loglevp|ag` pbe pbeapev( loojkgc ag` vea`kgc(
ag`egmo{kgc pbe fopphe| o skge seye ~up kgbev fvag` ges vepkvedegp
skge vk`ce' uvg po ~ace 12 ov Kag Bohhk`a{| avpklhe og
ELL#| Lbagce| oyev pbe ~a|p es {eav|'
^BOO f{ Vupb Depeev' Fk|bo~ Soh
ckye| \ue Buvg ag egovdou| fopphe o
skge ov bev vepkvedegp ~avp{'
2 VK\EG / AUPUDG 6>>;
Ges|Fvkei|
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
9/36
Beav sbap pbe \~kvkp k| \a{kgcGope| u~og pbe lho|kgc oi
E~k~bag{( ^voyk`egle "1292$6>>;+
`kievegp kp| a sekv` lobe|kyege||'
Mu`{ sa| vkcbp( pbe eehkgc sa| `kevegp' Ahh o ouv sov|bk~ ag`
alpkykpke| seve gos kg pbe Dk||kog
Bou|e "ovdev velpov{+' E~k~bag{ba` ahsa{| feeg a ~hale o
~va{evf{ kddev|kog kg feaup{( ~aceagpv{(ag` doyedegp' Gos pbe
adkhkav~vo~| seve dk||kgc' E~k~bag{ sa|~va{kgc skpboup a gep' Pe
~avpklk~apkog se` |pvakge` ov kg pbelayevgou| lbuvlb fhoode`
skpboup ~vod~pkgc' \kgckgc( vea`kgc(oievkgc o ~va{ev|( ~vealbkgc(
ag`|bavkgc o |alvadegp| ose` gapuvahh{ oup o pbe sa{ se
capbeve`'
Se `k`gp gee` po ~vodope ag aelpkogape logperp ov pbe hke o
ouvloddugkp{' Kp sa| pbeve( a eapuveo sbeve se oug` ouv|ehye|(
veh{kgcog ouv osg ve|ouvleuhge|| po |pag`kg Co`| ~ve|egle' ^eo~he
sbo avvkye` a| geslodev| oug` kp uglhuppeve`( fvkcbp( ag` uhh ag`
`kevegp egoucb vod lbuvlbe| pbe{ayok`e` |o pbap pbe{ lbo|e po
|pa{'
Ap pbe |ade pkde( havcev que|pkog|vedakge`= lag pbk| ~vo~evp{(
skpbkp| pso ed~p{ fukh`kgc|( fe |aye`?\bouh` kp fe? Pe @kole|e
sekcbe`pbe|e que|pkog| kg pbe hkcbp o pbeelogod{ ag` ag ug|ulle||uh
aov`afhe bou|kgc eiovp( ag` `elk`e` pbap kp sa| pkde po ~up ahh
pbveefukh`kgc| og pbe davjep ag` fk` pbelbuvlb po lho|e'
Pe ~eo~he o E~k~bag{ dep pbk|
lbahhegce skpb cvale ag` louvace(ckp| o pbe \~kvkp velekye` ag`
er~evkegle` pbvoucb pbe hogc ~vole|| ologvogpkgc bav` veahkpke|(
ve|ba~kgc pbe egykvogdegp ov sov|bk~ag` dk||kog( ag`
ve`k|loyevkgcaupbegpkl loddugkp{' Da{ pbe|ade \~kvkp ohhos ag`
|u|pakg pbed
sbeveyev pbe{ co( ag` |be` kp| ckp|u~og ahh ouv lbuvlbe|'
F{ Javeg Ivakohk* Yklav( 1;;3$6>>;
Og Aucu|p ( 6>>;( E~k~bag{ beh`
kp| gah Eulbavk|p( a |~kvkpe`( edopkogahh{ lbavce` eyegp skpb
gekcbfov| ag`vkeg`| ges ag` oh`( a ~vole||kog ag` Kg
yolapkog o \akgp|( a Sahjkgc kde Hkge"~eo~he doykgc po a ~okgp
ve~ve|egpkgc pbe{eav o pbekv avvkyah ag` oievkgc ~va{ev| opbagj|+(
a lbad~acge poa|p ag` a favfelue huglb lapeve` f{ Ado| Bou|e'
Pelehefvapkog sa| dedovafhe( ag` ~okcgagpkg kp| ykpahkp{'
Kg pbe skgpev o 6>>5( kp ba` felode lheav
bos av se ap E~k~bag{ seve kg oyev ouvbea`| a |gos `vkp kg pbe
fa|edegp( agkle `ad ap pbe egpvagle( ag ahavd sovjkgcoyevpkde ag` a
fokhev gop sovjkgc ap ahh'Egoucb! Se ba` vealbe` pbe hkdkp o
ouv|u~~ovpev| a~~epkpe| ov ru~ ~vomelp|ag` ba` poucb lbokle| po
daje' @o se`kplb pbk| ~hale ov `o se ughoa` egoucbo kp |o pbap se
lag vedakg kg pbk| ada}kgc|~op ov dk||kog? Se `elk`e` po ughoa`
pbe lbuvlb fukh`kgc ag` kp| ovcag( pbe ~avk|b bahh ag` kp|
~vocvad|'
Sbeg ouv hea`ev| elhave` pbe|e kgpegpkog|(se er~evkegle` a lbkhh
a| dedfev| hep ovopbev lbuvlbe|' Se ah|o er~evkegle` gesag`
uger~elpe` hke' A| ouv \egkov Sav`eg
Mu`{ Sahjev ~up kp= Sbap jee~| u| beve?Sbap `o se cep beve pbap
se lagp cep ag{sbeve eh|e? Kp k|gp kgevpka eyev{oge sbok| |pkhh
skpb u| k| ~a|p pbe ~okgp o kgevpka!Ouv gudfev| ave `osg( fup pbe
eehkgc k|
^BOO HEI=
Pe Vey' Javeg
Ivakohk a`dkgk|pev|
pbe Eulbavk|p vod
ag kvogkgc foav`
og Aucu|p 10pb ap
pbe lehefvapkog o
Mogapbag @agkeh|(
a |oupb ~voyk`egle
Davp{v' F{ Vupb
Depeev'
^BOO FEHOS=
Iohhoskgc pbe
igah Eulbavk|p
Auc pb( ovdev
\egkov Sav`eg
L{gpbka Vohhkg|(
ckye| a ~ve|egpa$
pkog po pbeYklav(
skpb luvvegp\egkov Sav`eg(
Mu`{ Sahjev( fe$
bkg` bev' F{ Ja{
Vo||kpev
AUPUDG 6>>; / VK\EG ;
Ges|Fvkei|
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
10/36
[ouv E~k|lo~ah Lbavkpke|@ohhav| Ap Sovj
E^K\LO^AH LBAVKPKE\Lad~akcg U~`ape
gekcbfov| alvo|| Vbo`e K|hag` sbo ave kgvackhe |kpuapkog| ag`
hkykgc og pbe e`ce'
A| oi \e~pedfev 15( 6>>;( ~he`ce| ave
3>(>>> coah' ^av
pklk~apkog kg ouv ~avk|be| k| 50%'
K {ou baye gop da`e {ouv logpvkfupkog{ep( ~hea|e pbkgj afoup ahh
pbe coo` {ouvckp lag `o po daje a `kievegle' Mokg skpbopbev| alvo||
ouv `kole|e po beh~ Lbvk|p kgbeahkgc pbe ca~|( buvp|( ag`
fvojegge|| kgpbou|ag`| o hkye|'
Se logpkgue po ale `kluhp pkde|' Kg`kyk`uah|( ~avk|be|(
aceglke|( ag` loddugkpke| ahh baye pbekv |~elkah ag` `kluhp
lbahhegce|' Ouv lbahhegce k| po beh~ pbe ~oov(bodehe||( |klj ag`
bugcv{'
Se baye da`e loddkpdegp| po dag{ yev{|~elkah |olkah |evykle
ovcagk}apkog| alvo||pbe |pape' Pe{ gee` ouv beh~' Se gee`{ouv|'
Sbap lag {ou `o? ^va{' Ckye' EglouvaceOpbev|' Fe Mo{uh ag`
Pagjuh!
Lahh E~k|lo~ah Lbavkpke| ap "0>1+$630$05>>(
erp' 6% o yklpkd| ave ~vecgagp
sbeg fappeve`' A damovkp{ o bodehe|| sodeg ave e|
la~kgc `ode|pkl ykohegle' 1/< o ahh Vbo`e K|hag` peeg|
ve~ovp
er~evkeglkgc ~b{|klah ykohegle'
\pu`ke| ah|o veyeah pbap pbe hogcev a yklpkdappeg`| loug|ehkgc
ag` |u~~ovp cvou~|pbe dove hkjeh{ pbe{ skhh fe |ulle||uh
kgalbkeykgc a |ae( ve|~og|kfhe( kg`e~eg`egphke "k heaykgc pbekv
afu|ev k| pbekv coah+'Ha|p {eav( 1>6 lhkegp| ~avpklk~ape` kg
|u~
~ovp cvou~| ag` 0; lhkegp| appeg`e` ~|{lboe`ulapkogah cvou~
|e||kog|' @YVL\Lvealbe` oyev 1623;
Pe @ode|pkl YkohegleVe|ouvle Legpev oi \oupbLougp{ "@YVL\L+
@YVL\L egyk|kog| a sovh` kgsbklb ahh kg`kyk`uah| ave vee
vodykohegle( po cvos po pbekv uhh ~opegpkah ag` baye vehapkog|bk~|
fa|e` ogpvu|p( equahkp{ ag` dupuah ve|~elp'o albkeye pbk| yk|kog(
@YVL\Loiev| |aep{( |u~~ovp( a`yolal{( ~voalpkye loddugkp{
e`ulapkog( ag`a gepsovj o |evykle| po ahh ~ev|og|
sbo ave yklpkd| o `ode|pkl ykohegle'
\pu`ke| veyeah |ode yev{ |boljkgc|papk|pkl| afoup pbe ~veyahegle
o`ode|pkl ykohegle=
1 kg eyev{ 0 Adevklag| k| aelpe` f{ |ode p{~e o `ode|pkl
ykohegle'
Afoup 1 kg 5 bodklk`e| kgyohye| `ode|pkl ykohegle'
Eyev{ `a{( 0 Adevklag| ave
[ouLag O~egpbe\jke|
po aFeppevPodovvos!
1> VK\EG / AUPUDG 6>>;
Ges|Fvkei|
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
11/36
\lege|1
9
> kg appeg`agle'0Ad{
E|~o|kpo( ag Oilkah [oupb ^ve|$
egle dedfev ivod Vbo`e K|hag`'
5 @K[ `elovapkog| og pbe |kcg iov
pbe Vbo`e K|hag` |papkog kg pbe
Bou|e oi @e~upke|'9 Ag Kbo~ Iad$
kh{ Pva`kpkog |kcg febkg` Pbe Vey'
\lopp Cugg( @ee Payohavo( Lav{h
Ivkgj( Pbe Vey' Fkhh Holje( Vefel$
la Ceppeh( ag` hkpphe Eh|ke Ceppeh'
CegevahLogyegpkog
5
AUPUDG 6>>; / VK\EG 11
Ges|Fvkei|
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
12/36
Cep pbe
|loo~ og sbap kp k|(bos kp sovj|( ag` boskp aielp| {ou ag`
{ouv
~avk|b
PbeE~k|lo~ahLb
uvlb|Pvkeggkah
CegevahLogyegpko
gIOV
@uddke
|
Do|p o u| ave asave pbap Pe E~k|lo~ah
Lbuvlb| Cegevah Logyegpkog |odebos coy
evg| ag` cuk`e| pbe upuve o ouv lbuvlb( fup k
{ouv dkg` peg`| po as`he ag` sag`ev sbeg kp
beav| pbkgc| |ulb a| Vofevp| Vuhe| o Ov`evov Pe ~vo~o|e`
adeg`degp po pbe adeg`
degp o V6@6( ov eyeg k {ou mu|p pbkgj pbap
pbe E~k|lo~ah Cegevah Logyegpkog k| A capb
evkgc o bkcbh{ vagje` dkhkpav{ olev| pbap
ave E~k|lo~ahkag( pbeg pbk| cuk`e k| ov {ou'
\o sbap k| Cegevah Logyegpkog? Pe quklj ag|sev k| a he
ykapbag o a coyevgkgc fo`{' Cegevah Logyegpkog k| da`eu~ o 2 ov
|o lhevc{ ag` ha{ ~eo~he vod ealb `kole|e' Skpb
dove pbag 2>> Ha{ ag` Ov`akge` @e~upke| ag` 6>>
Fk|bo~|(Cegevah Logyegpkog k| oge o pbe sovh`| havce|p `edolvapkl
heck|hapkye a||edfhke|' K deag kp' Se ave ~valpklahh{ kg pbe
Cukgge||fooj o sovh` velov`|'
Fup bos `oe| Cegevah Logyegpkog heck|hape? Sehh( k {ou ~ak`ag{
appegpkog ap ahh kg {ouv 9pb cva`e |olkah |pu`ke| lha|| pbk|
skhhahh |eed qukpe adkhkav( felau|e Cegevah Logyegpkog sovj|
yev{|kdkhavh{ po pbe sa{ U\ Logcve|| sovj|'
F{VupbDepeev
16 VK\EG / AUPUDG 6>>;
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
13/36
Ap Cegevah Logyegpkog pbeve ave pso bou|e|( ag` a
ve|ohupkog"Cegevah Logyegpkog| gade ov sbap Logcve|| souh` lahh a
fkhh+k| |ufdkppe` f{ dedfev| o pbo|e bou|e|' Logyegkegph{
pbe|ebou|e| ave lahhe eralph{ sbap pbe{ ave: pbe Bou|e o
Fk|bo~|(ag` pbe Bou|e o @e~upke|' "@e~upke| ave a dkr o ha{ ag`
lhevc{ehelpe` f{ sboeyev {ouv ~avk|b |egp po ouv @kole|ag
Logyegpkog'+
Gos mu|p a| kg Logcve||( a ve|ohupkog du|p fe yope` og ag`~a||e`
|e~avapeh{ f{ fopb bou|e| po co kgpo eielp' Pe|e bou|e|`ogp mu|p co
ag` yope og ve|ohupkog| a| |oog a| pbe{ ave |ufdkppe`pboucb'
Ve|ohupkog| baye po fe cu||ke` u~ a fkp v|p'
\dahh loddkppee| o Logyegpkog dedfev| veahh{ `o ahh pbe hecsovj'
Pe{ see` oup pbe |khh{ ve|ohupkog|' Pe{ lbelj po daje|uve ealb
ve|ohupkog k| kg allov`agle skpb pbe log|pkpupkog| ag`lagog| o pbe
Lbuvlb' Pe{ lhavk{ pbe hagcuace u|e`( ag` pbe{eyeg |odepkde|
lbappev skpb pbeohockag|( ~ohkpklkag|( ag` opbev|afvoa` sbo dkcbp
baye beh~uh kgovdapkog afoup pbe k||ue| ap
bag`' F{ pbe pkde a ve|ohupkog k| fvoucbp po ekpbev oov ov
ayope( kp ba| fa|klahh{ feeg |lvuffe` `osg( `ve||e` kg kp| fe|p(
ag`ba| eyeg ba` Augpke \ue ~kglb |ode lohov kgpo kp| lbeej|'
Kg |uddav{( ve|ohupkog| ave |ufdkppe` f{ `e~upke| ag`
fk|bo~|(~vkd~e` f{ pbe loddkppee|( yope` og f{ pbe bou|e|( ag`
pbeg
hkye` oup f{ ahh o u| beve ap bode k pbe{ ~a||' K pbe{ `ogp
~a||pbe{ ave ekpbev lkvluhape` falj po pbe loddkppee| ov a |ahyace
eovp( ov ave `eede` ja~up' Ag` pbap k| bos Cegevah Logyegpkog
sovj|'
Opbev Kd~ovpagp Pbkgc| po Jgos ag` Vededfev
Cegevah Logyegpkog k| vkeggkah( pbap deag| eyev{ pbvee
{eav|' K jgos {ou jgos pbap( fup ad mu|p dajkgc |uve'
@e~upke| ave gop `ehecape|' Pk| k| ag kd~ovpagp
k|pkglpkog(felau|e a `ehecape souh` fe er~elpe` po yope a| a
ve~ve|egpapkye o a `kole|e( fup Cegevah Logyegpkog| `e~upke|
ogh{ve~ve|egp pbed|ehye|' Pk| deag| se gee` po lboo|e ouv e~upke|
yev{ yev{ laveuhh{'
Hkje do|p opbev `edolvapkl a||edfhke|( Cegevah Logyegpkogu|e|
Vofevp| Vuhe| o Ov`ev po vecuhape pbe heck|hapkye |e||kog|' Pk|
jee~| ~eo~he vod pahjkgc sbeg pbe{ |bouh`gpag` sehh( {ou jgos(
ov`ev pbkgc|' Sbo k| Vofevp po `ege
~avhkadegpav{ ~volee`kgc|? Coo` Que|pkog' Skjk~e`ka |a{|pbap be
sa| a ehhos sbo `elk`e` kg 1239 po paje pbe U\Bou|e o
Ve~ve|egpapkye| ov`ev| ag` veyk|e pbed ov pbe u|eo ov kgav{
|olkep{' K sog`ev sbap pbap deag| pbe|e `a{|ov ag erpvaov`kgav{
|olkep{ hkje u|?
Ve|ohupkog Veykes ^vole||
CLO veykes| perp iov iovd ag logpegp'
Avlbkye| ve|eavlbe| heck|hapkye bk|pov{
Ve|ohupkog| baykgc lagogklah ov
fu`cepav{ kd~hklapkog| '
Ve|ohupkog| Ikhe skpb \elvepavkap
A$LLAF|F $ Fk|bo~|L $ @kole|e| ag ^voykgle|
@ $ @e~upke|
PBE CEGEVAH LOGYEGPKOG
HECK\HAPKYE ^VOLE\\
'''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''
'''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''' w (
h Log|pkpupkog ) Lagog| ! ^vocvad( Fu cep ) Ikgagle mw Veykes|
ve|ohupkog iov iovd' ! Veykes| ag` kg`klape| ki =m ! iug kgc k|
kglhu e` kg `vaip !'
' '' '
'
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
w w
w
p
w
@k|lbavce`iov vea||kcgdegp poagopbev Loddkppee
Vemelpe`
@k|lbavce`
Veievve` po a LLAF
A`o~pe`Perp da{ feadeg e`ov |uf|pkpupe`' "^vole||eg`|iovDkg`oi
Bou|eag` Bou|eVuhe|yope|'+
Logluv skpb
Vemelpkog
Logluv skpb eralpperp a o~pe f{ BKA
A`o~p sk pb gesadeg degp ov
|uf|pkpupkog
Logluv skpb Veievvahp o a LLAF ioviuvpbev |pu {
Laheg`av
@k|~aplb ~hale|
ve|ohupkog og pbeLaheg`av=
@akh{ "`efapafhe+ov Log|egp "gop
`efapafhe+
Heck|hapkye LoddkppeeVe~ovp| po pbe Bou|e
@k|~aplb oi fu|kge||velekye| oge oi pbe
iohhoskgcveloddeg`apkog|=
A`o~pkog skpb ov skpboup
adeg degp ov |uf|pkpupkog
Vemelpkog
Veievvah po a LLAF
Pbe loddkppee fe`k|lbavce ivod iuvpbevlog|k`evapkog'
Laheg`av
@k|~aplb ~hale|ve|ohupkog og pbe
Laheg`av=
@akh{ "`efapafhe+
ov Log|egp "gop`efapafhe+
( _ X
Logievegle LoddkppeeDa{ fe a~~okgpe` po|eej lod~vodk|e
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
Heck|hapkye Loddkppee
Ve~ovp| po pbe Bou|e@k|~aplb oi fu|kge||velekye| oge oi pbe
iohhoskgc
veloddeg`apkog|=
Logluv a| ~a||e` f{ BKA
Logluv skpb a veievva h po a
LLAF
A o~p skpb ges
adeg`degp ov |uf|pkpupkog
Vemelp pbe ve|ohupkog
Heck|hapkye LoddkppeeA||kcge` "Iov Alpkog+
^ve|k kgc Oiiklev a||kcg|heck|hapkog po pbe Bou|eloddkppee' Pbe
Loddkppeeboh`| ~ufhkl beavkgc| ogealb ve|ohupkog'
^vkovkpk}kgc ve|ohupkog| ag`|lbe uhkgc beavkgc| avecegevahh{
`oge mokgph{ f{pbe locgape loddkppee| oifopb Bou|e|'
\elog Bou|eLo~ke` "iov Kgiovdapkog+
Locgape Loddkppee| deep'
\elog Bou|e
"Iov Alpkog+Heck|hapkye Loddkppeeboh | beavkgc ov daje|veloddeg
apkog og pbefa|k| oi ~veykou| locgapeloddkppee beavkgc'
\elog` Bou|e da{ gop alpog heck|hapkog veievve`
&iovkgiovdapkog& ugpkh aipev pbepbkv` heck|hapkye `a{'
Bou|e oi Kgkpkah AlpkogIkv|p Bou|e "Iov Alpkog+
^F ag ^ve|k egp `e|kcgape=
Bou|e oi Kgkpkah Alpkog
^avahheh ov LocgapeHeck|hapkye Loddkppee
AUPUDG 6>>; / VK\EG 1
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
14/36
Ikv|p Kd~ve||kog|o a Cegevah LogyegpkogF{ Vupb Depeev
Kdackge a heck|hapkye fo`{ o 1>>> E~k|lo~ahkag|( a`` po
kp a es bug`ve` E~k|lo~ahkag yeg`ov|( agopbev pbou|ag` ov
|oE~k|lo~ahkag yk|kpov|( |savd| o de`ka(Dklje{ Dou|e( ~vope|pev|(
ag` {ou baye a~vepp{ alluvape ~klpuve o Pe 39pb Cegevah Logyegpkog
o pbe E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb'
Pe eyegp sa| beh` Muh{ 2pb pbvoucb 13pbkg Agabekd( Lahkovgka ap
pbe AgabekdLogevegle Legpev alvo|| pbe |pveep vod
@k|ge{hag`' Pe gah lougp ov appeg`aglesa| |odesbeve fepseeg
0(>>> ag` 5(>>>~eo~he sov|bk~kgc( `efapkgc( ag`
dajkgcheck|hapkye bk|pov{' Kp sa| qukpe a lvos`'
K avvkye` ov d{ v|p kd~ve||kog o a Cegevah Logyegpkog og \ug`a{
Muh{ 16pb(
sbklb sa| alpuahh{ pbe pb `a{ o heck|hapkye |e||kog| pbk|
pvkeggkud' Kp sa| `elk`e`kg a`yagle pbap K |bouh` sakp ag` lode
ovpbe |elog` bah o pbe peg `a{ eyegp |kgle
pbe v|p ~avp o eyev{ Cegevah Logyegpkogk| |~egp adeg`kgc pbe
~veykou| Logyegpkog| ve|ohupkog|( ag` pbe happev bah o pbeeyegp k|
sbeg do|p o pbe &vesovj& ve|ohupkog|( a| Pe Vey' @e~up{
\lopp Cugglahh| pbed( er~ho`e ogpo pbe oov'
Apev pbe Eulbavk|pog \ug`a{ dovgkgc( sbeve ^ve|k`kgc Fk|bo~
Japbevkge
Meievp| \lbovk caye ahag`davj |evdog ogpbe lbuvlb|
dk||kog~vkovkpke|( pbe heck|hapkye |e||kog o~ege`ov d{ yev{ v|p
`a{'
K fecag pbe apevgoog kg pbe Bou|e oFk|bo~|( sbklb |eede` po fe
mu|p sbap Kba` er~elpe`' Pe Fk|bo~| seve |eape` kga voug` pafhe
|eppkgc skpb a foav` o ye
olev| ag` pbe Do|p Vey' Japbavkge Meevp|\lbovk ~ve|k`kgc oyev
pbe vood' Olkah hoojkgc fhue pafhelhopb|( luvpakg|( ag`a ~vkgp o
pbe Cegevah Logyegpkog |bkeh`
seve pbe ogh{ `lov'
A fkp hapev( kg |eavlb o alpkog( K |hk~~e``osg pso oov| po pbe
Bou|e o @e~upke|
sbklb sa| dulb dove hkyeh{' Pe `kole|e|seve |eape` kg |papkog|
`vasg f{ hop( ag`kg`klape` f{ o`` sbkpe pufe |kcg| skpbealb
@kole|e| gade kg Gay{ fhue' Do|p`kole|e| `elovape` pbekv |papkog
|kcg skpb|ode |kcgklagp pvkgjep' Herkgcpog ba` a
bov|e fahhoog( Avk}oga ba` a |dkhkgcoad lalpu|( ag`Vbo`e K|hag`
ba` ahkpphe ~ha|pkl |akhfoap(
skpb a ~a~ev aglbov
|lvkffhe` skpb pbesov` Bo~e'
A| pbe heck|hapkog fecag K ehp a hkpphe hkjea Fa~pk|p
sahjkgckgpo ag AgchoLapb
ohkl hkpuvc{ ov pbe v|p pkde' Kg la|e {oubaye geyev feeg a
Fa~pk|p sahjkgc kgpo ag
AgchoLapbohkl hkpuvc{ ov pbe v|p pkde(
Sbap K ad |uve oik| pbap Co`lag ag` skhh
sovj pbvoucb u|
10 VK\EG / AUPUDG 6>>;
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
15/36
f{ Fevgkle Fehp
Ksa| ~vkykhece` po fe lbo|eg a| a `eh
ecape po appeg` pbe ELS vkeggkahdeepkgc ap pbe Gapkogah
E~k|lo~ahLogyegpkog pbap sa| beh` kg Agabekd( LAvod Muh{ 216' Pe
ELS vkeggkah deepkgc deep| ap pbe |ade pkde ag` ~hale a|Cegevah
Logyegpkog( po `k|lu|| pbekv voheag` `kvelpkog kg pbe Lbuvlb' Pe
deepkgck| ceave` dakgh{ posav`| dk||kog'
Pe eyegkgc feove Logyegpkog |pavpe`(|dahh cvou~| o ELS dedfev|
~avpklk~ape` kg a ^va{ev Sahj( yk|kpkgc pbe yavkou|deepkgc vood|
pbvoucb
oup pbe logyegpkog legpev(a|jkgc ov Co`| ~ve|egleag` sk|`od oyev
pbe gerp1> `a{| o alpkykpke|'
Pe `a{| seve uhh skpbfu|kge|| deepkgc|( ~ve|egpapkog|( cue|p
|~eajev|(du|kl( ~va{ev ag` de`kpapkog pkde| ag`
sovj|bo~|' Pe pbede o pbe ELS vkeggkah sa| Cvos kg Cvale( ag`
dag{o ouv je{gope |~eajev| veevve` po pbk| kg
pbekv a``ve||e|' Eyev{ `a{ pbe ELS `ehecape| velekye` a lohove`
lav` feavkgc pbegade( fkocva~b{ ag` lbavalpevk|pkl quopeo a sodag o
`k|pkglpkog ag erad~he ocvoskgc kg cvale a sodag sbod eglougpeve`
of|palhe| ag` oyevlade pbed'
Peve sa| a levedog{ bogovkgc ealb|pape| Bogove` Sodag( ag`
Gagl{Fvosg sa| ouv|' \be sa| godkgape` f{bev ~avk|b ag` lbo|eg f{
ouv ELS @kole|ag Foav`' @uvkgc pbe levedog{ |be
sa| e|lovpe` f{ Fk|bo~ Soh ag` bev Velpov( Meggkev ^bkhhk~|' so
{oupb ~ve|eglededfev| |~oje po pbe cvou~( kglhu`kgc
Ad{ E|~o|kpo vod \p' Davpkg| Lbuvlbkg ^voyk`egle' Fopb Gagl{ ag`
Ad{ seveeapuve` kg Pe @akh{( a ~ufhklapkog pbap
sa| ~vkgpe` ealb dovgkgc skpb pbe ~veykou| `a{| eyegp|'
\eyevah ahkape` cvou~| caye ve~ovp|' PeLbuvlb ^evko`klah Lhuf
caye oup $>
kg cvagp| "VK velekye` oge+' Pe Ugkpe`Pagj Oievkgc caye oup
$6(95>(036'0(>>>
|o av skpb a coah o $11>(>>>posav`| fukh`kgc a
bodekg Ges Ovheag| kg LegpvahLkp{' Se ah|o ahsa{| a`o~p aholah
lbavkp{ kg pbe lkp{ sbeveLogyegpkog k| logyege`( ag`ouv lbokle sa|
^vomelp @kcgkp{( sbklb ~voyk`e| |evykle|
ov bodehe|| adkhke| sbo ave hkykgc kgdopeh|' Se vak|e` $16>1
ov pbed kg a``kpkog po gudevou| ckp lav`| ag` kped| hkjeposeh| ag`
lbkh`veg| lhopbkgc'
Sovj|bo~| seve ayakhafhe og ackgc( lbkh`veg( vel{lhkgc( `ode|pkl
ykohegle( haucbpev( ~avhkadegpav{ ~vole`uve ag` |eyevahopbev|' Sbeg
pbeve sa| pkde "gop opeg!+
se yk|kpe` pbe Erbkfkp Bahh sbeve pbeve seve foopb| skpb
kgovdapkog afoup ouvdag{ lbuvlb ovcagk}apkog| kglhu`kgc|lbooh|(
veloyev{ cvou~| ye|pdegp|( \eadag| Kg|pkpupe( ye|pdegp|( bag`lvap
kped|ag` eyeg a Fk|bo~| Fheg` loiee ag` peafoopb' Pe \eadag|
Kg|pkpupe oieve` {avg(jgkppkgc gee`he| ag` `kvelpkog| ov jgkppkgc
|eadag| bap| ag` |lavye| "0 o ouvcvou~ pooj pbe fakp+( pbe{ ah|o
oieve` a~ve|egpapkog og ^kval{ allod~agke` f{ avee huglb "se ah|o
appeg`e` pbap!+'
sehye `a{| k| a hogc |pveplb fup se ahh|uvykye`' Pe feaupkuh
|ug|bkge( pbe hosbudk`kp{( ag` ped~evapuve| kg pbe 2>|beh~e`(
ag` K heavge` ag ada}kgc adougpafoup ouv Lbuvlb ag` kp|
`kyev|kp{'
E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb Sodeg:a Mouvgah oi Cegevah Logyegpkog
Ag erad~heoi cvoskgc
kgCvale
{ou dkcbp eeh hkje pbk|= logu|e`( ahsa{|a hkpphe febkg`( ag`
oyevsbehde` f{ pbefeaup{ kg pbe vb{pbd o kp'
Peve sa| |u~vk|kgc feaup{ kg pbe vb{pbdoVofevp| Vuhe| o Ov`ev(
ag` pbap sa| gop|odepbkgc K ba` er~elpe` po g` og pbe
oov ag{ dove pbag oad lalpu|e| ag`bov|e fahhoog|' Kp sa| ahdo|p
hkpuvcklah(pbe lahh| ag` loddugah ag|sev|( pbe ~ve|k`egp Foggke
Ag`ev|og ~ve|k`kgc ap a pafhe
skpb bev olev| ov aloh{pe|( fup eyev{pbkgc mu|p ba~~ege` |o
a|p'
Kp pooj de a es a{| po cep fe{og` d{ egadove` feskh`evdegp ag`
kgpo pbe cvooyegele||av{ po ohhos pbe u~| ag` `osg| opbe
heck|hapkye ~vole||' Kp pooj de eyeghogcev po fe afhe po |ee Co`
sovjkgc( skpb
|o hkpphe |~ale kg pbe heck|hapkye |e||kog ovveelpkog ag`
~va{ev( ag` Kd gop egpkveh{levpakg K skhh eyev |ee pbe fegep o
`okgc
sbap k| opeg `kluhp pbeohocklah sovj(f{ hk|pegkgc po pbe edopkye
ogedkgupe|povke| o pbe quklje|p `e~upke| po pbe dklvo~boge'
Sbap K ad |uve o k| pbap Co` lag ag` skhhsovj pbvoucb u| sbepbev
se lag |ee kp ovgop( ag` pbap pbe ve|ohupkog| lodkgc oupo Cegevah
Logyegpkog ave ag kd~ovpagp
~avp o bk| ~hag ov Pe E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb(sbepbev pbe{ ave sbap se
|~egp ahh o ouv~a~ev aglbov bo~kgc ov( ov gop'
AUPUDG 6>>; / VK\EG 15
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
16/36
Cegevah Logyegpkog = Alpkog \uddav{Sbap @k` Cegevah Logyegpkog
@o Pap Dkcbp Aielp [ou?
Ed~ho{ee Fegeip|
Cegevah Logyegpkog e|pafhk|be` a dag`apov{ ha{ ed~ho{ee~eg|kog
~hag "A11;+' Se ah|o a`o~pe` 6>1>6>16 fu`cep/dk||kog
~vkovkpke|"@>56+ po cuk`e pbe fu`cep lup| gele||av{ kg ouv
a`o~pe` fu`cep ov 6>1>6>16' Pe fu`cep ehkdkgape| geavh{
$6< dkhhkog kg|~eg`kgc ag` ba| ve|uhpe` kg pbe ha{oi o avoug`
~eo~he oupo pbe12> |pai dedfev| o Pe E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb'
Lbvk|pkag Iovdapkog
Cegevah Logyegpkog A`o~pe` pbe Lbavpev ov Hkehogc
Lbvk|pkagIovdapkog( eglouvackgc `kole|e| po lveape ovdapkog
|pvapecke|ov ~eo~he kg ahh |pace| o hke "A>26( A>235-+'
Hkpuvc{ ag` Lbuvlb Laheg`av
Se a~~voye` loddedovapkog| o Bavvkep Fe`ehh( Made|Peo`ove Bohh{(
|lav Vodevo ag` pbe Davp{v| o Eh \ahya`ov(kjbog( Yk`a @uppog
\lu``ev( ag` Ivagle| Mo|e~b Cau`ep pofe egpeve` kg pbe Laheg`av o
pbe Lbuvlb [eav ag` kg upuveveyk|kog| o Boh{ Sodeg( Boh{ Deg=
Lehefvapkgc pbe \akgp|"A>;5+' Se ah|o aupbovk}e` a |pu`{ ov pbe
~o||kfhe veyk|kog oPe B{dgah 1;26 "F>>0+( ag` se @kvelpe`
\LHD( kg log|uhpapkog skpb pbe Bou|e o Fk|bo~|( po lohhelp ag`
`eyeho~ pbeohocklah ag` hkpuvcklah ve|ouvle| ov |adeceg`ev
fhe||kgc| ag` ve~ovppo pbe gerp logyegpkog "L>59+'
\olkah Mu|pkle
Se lahhe` ov a |pu`{ o `kole|ag ~vole||e| po velvukp ~eo~he
olohov po ~uv|ue ov`kgapkog "A105+' Se aljgoshe`ce` pbap
pbefa~pk}e` o pbe lbuvlb kglhu`e| |ade|er lou~he|( ag` pbap ca{ag`
he|fkag ~eo~he kg |ulb vehapkog|bk~| da{ velekye Co`| lahh
podkgk|pv{' Se ah|o aljgoshe`ce` pbap Lbvk|pkag| `k|acvee afoup|ode
o pbe|e dappev|( ag` pbap Co`| lahh k| a d{|pev{ "@>65+'
bk| {eav pbe 39pb Cegevah Logyegpkog o pbe E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb ba`
a velov` gudfev o 01; ve|ohupkog| po appeg` po' Eyeg dove
kd~ve||kye k| pbap ov pbe v|p pkde kg qukpe
|ode {eav|( eyev{ ve|ohupkog sa| ekpbev alpe` og ov veevve`'
Sbap pbk| deag| k| pbap a he lafkgepov |o o heck|hapkog sa| ~a||e`
pbk| {eav' Kp k| a hop po jee~ pvalj o( |o fehos k| a |bovp
lod~khapkog o pbe alpkog| pbap dkcbp do|p aielp pbe @kole|e o Vbo`e
K|hag`' Pe uhh perp ov ag{ ve|ohupkog lag fe ykese` ap
bpp~=//cl6>>;'ovc/YkesHeck|hapkog u|kgc pbe ~avegpbepklah
gudfev| Kyekglhu`e`( fup pbe uhh perp| o pbe pso do|p logpvoyev|kah
ve|ohupkog| a~~eav og pbe ohhoskgc ~ace'
19 VK\EG / AUPUDG 6>>;
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
17/36
VE\OHUKOG L>596>>;Ve|ohye`( pbe Bou|e o @e~upke|
logluvvkgc( Pap pbe 39pbCegevah Logyegpkog aljgoshe`ce pbe lbagckgc
lkvlud|pagle| kg pbe Ugkpe` \pape| ag` kg opbev gapkog|( a|
heck|hapkogaupbovk}kgc ov ovfk``kgc davvkace( lkykh ugkog| ov
`ode|pkl~avpgev|bk~| ov ca{ ag` he|fkag ~ev|og| k| ~a||e` kg
yavkou|lkykh muvk|`klpkog| pbap lahh ovpb a vegese` ~a|povah
ve|~og|evod pbk| Lbuvlb( ag` ov ag o~eg ~vole|| ov pbe
log|k`evapkog o pbeohocklah ag` hkpuvcklah ve|ouvle| ov pbe
fhe||kgc o|ade ceg`ev vehapkog|bk~|: ag` fe kp uvpbev Ve|ohye`(
Pappbe \pag`kgc Loddk||kog og Hkpuvc{ ag` Du|kl( kg log|uhpa
pkog skpb pbe Bou|e o Fk|bo~|( lohhelp ag` `eyeho~ pbeohocklah
ag` hkpuvcklah ve|ouvle|( ag` ve~ovp po pbe 33pb CegevahLogyegpkog:
ag` fe kp uvpbev
Ve|ohye`( Pap pbe \pag`kgc Loddk||kog og Hkpuvc{ ag`Du|kl( kg
log|uhpapkog skpb pbe Bou|e o Fk|bo~|( `eyk|e ago~eg ~vole|| ov pbe
log`ulp o kp| sovj kgykpkgc ~avpklk~apkog vod ~voykgle|( `kole|e|(
logcvecapkog|( ag` kg`kyk`uah|
sbo ave egcace` kg |ulb pbeohocklah sovj( ag` kgykpkgc
pbeohocklah veelpkog vod pbvoucboup pbe Agchklag Loddugkog:ag` fe
kp uvpbev
Ve|ohye`( Pap fk|bo~|( ~avpkluhavh{ pbo|e kg `kole|e| skpbkg
lkykh muvk|`klpkog| sbeve |adeceg`ev davvkace( lkykh ugkog|(ov
`ode|pkl ~avpgev|bk~| ave hecah( da{ ~voyk`e cegevou| ~a|povah
ve|~og|e po deep pbe gee`| o dedfev| o pbk| Lbuvlb:ag` fe kp
uvpbev
Ve|ohye`( Pap pbk| Logyegpkog bogov pbe pbeohocklah `kyev|kp{o
pbk| Lbuvlb kg vecav` po dappev| o budag |eruahkp{: ag`fe kp
uvpbev
Ve|ohye`( Pap pbe dedfev| o pbk| Lbuvlb fe eglouvace` poegcace
kg pbk| eiovp'
VE\OHUKOG @>656>>;
Ve|ohye`( pbe Bou|e o Fk|bo~| logluvvkgc( Pap pbe 39pbCegevah
Logyegpkog veavd pbe logpkgue` ~avpklk~apkog oPe E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb
a| a log|pkpuegp dedfev o pbe Agchklag Loddugkog: ckye pbagj| ov
pbe sovj o pbe fk|bo~|
ap pbe Hadfepb Logevegle o 6>>2: veavd pbe
afk`kgcloddkpdegp o Pe E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb po pbe ehhos|bk~ olbuvlbe|
pbap log|pkpupe pbe Agchklag Loddugkog ag` |eejpo hkye kgpo pbe
bkcbe|p `ecvee o loddugkog ~o||kfhe: ag`fe kp uvpbev Ve|ohye`( Pap
pbe 39pb Cegevah Logyegpkogeglouvace `kole|e|( logcvecapkog|( ag`
dedfev| o PeE~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb po ~avpklk~ape po pbe uhhe|p erpegp
~o||kfhekg pbe dag{ kg|pvudegp|( gepsovj| ag` vehapkog|bk~| o
pbe
Agchklag Loddugkog: ag` fe kp uvpbev
Ve|ohye`( Pap pbe 39pb Cegevah Logyegpkog veavd kp|gaglkah
loddkpdegp po pbe Agchklag Loddugkog ag`~he`ce po ~avpklk~ape uhh{
kg pbe KgpevAgchklag Fu`cep: ag`fe kp uvpbev
Ve|ohye`( Pap pbe 39pb Cegevah Logyegpkog avd pbe yahueo
hk|pegkgc po pbe er~evkegle o bodo|eruah ~ev|og|( a|lahhe` ov f{
pbe Hadfepb Logevegle| o 1;32( 1;22( ag`1;;2( ag` aljgoshe`ce pbap
pbvoucb ouv osg hk|pegkgc pbeCegevah Logyegpkog ba| lode po
velocgk}e pbap pbe fa~pk}e`dedfev|bk~ o Pe E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb
kglhu`e| |ade|erlou~he| hkykgc kg hkehogc loddkppe` vehapkog|bk~|
lbavalpevk}e` f{ `ehkp{( dogocad{( dupuah aielpkog ag`
ve|~elp(laveuh( boge|p loddugklapkog( ag` pbe boh{ hoye
sbklbegafhe| pbo|e kg |ulb vehapkog|bk~| po |ee kg ealb opbev
pbekdace o Co` "6>>>@>
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
18/36
Ap pbe eg` o pbe 39pb Cegevah Logyegpkog o Pe E~k|lo~ah
Lbuvlbpbk| ~a|p Muh{ K ba` pbe ~vkykhece o `vky
kgc Fk|bo~ Soh afoup ag bouv govpb o
Agabekd Lahkovgka po bev |k|pev| bou|e
kg Yegkle Fealb' A| se soug` ahogc pbe
fvak`e` veesa{| o Ovagce Lougp{( sepahje` afoup pbe Logyegpkog'
Fk|bo~
Soh( o louv|e( ba` |ode a|lkgapkgc
kg|kcbp|' ag` pbagj| po do`evg pelbgoh
oc{ dulb o pbe logyev|apkog sa| ve
lov`e`' A es o ouv que|pkog| ag` ag
|sev| ave ve~vkgpe` beve ov {ouv fegep'
Cegevah Logyegpkog 6>>;
FK\BO^SOHI|KGEV$YKES
E`kpe` f{ Vupb Depeev
jee~ pvalj o pbe ~a~ev|( K louh`gp jee~pvalj o pbe heck|hapkog(
ov pbe ~vole`uve|(|o K sa| feskh`eve` pbvoucb pbe sbohepbkgc'
Kg 1;;< kg pbe Bou|e o @e~upke| K ba` avdev cva|~( fup K
vededfev bos `kluhp
kp sa| po baye pbe logyev|apkog gele||av{ov kd~ovpagp
heck|hapkog' Po|e sbo seve sehh yev|e` kg Vofevp| Vuhe| o Ov`evag`
sbo seve bk|povklahh{ dkg`e` ag`avpkluhape |eede` po baye pbe u~~ev
bag`kg pbe logyev|apkog' Po|e sbo seve he||ckpe` kg pbo|e avea|
fa|klahh{ `k`gp |a{ag{pbkgc' K sog`ev k se ave veahh{ hk|pegkgc po
ahh yokle| ov ave se hk|pegkgc popbo|e yokle| sbo ~up pbed|ehye|
ovsav`?K souh` |a{ pbap pbap k| a cveap que|pkog Klogpkgue po
a|j'
VUB= \o sbap quahkpke| `o {ou velod$
deg` se hooj ov sbeg pbe pkde lode|
po ehelp ouv `e~upke| ov pbe gerp Cegevah
Logyegpkog?
FK\BO^ SOHI= K pbkgj pbe{ baye pobaye a veah loddkpdegp po pbe
E~k|lo~ahLbuvlb a| eyk`egle` f{ pbekv ~avpklk~apkog kg a holah
~avk|b' Kp souh` fe beh~uhk pbap ~ev|og ba| ~avpklk~ape` kg |ode
aveao `kole|ag dk||kog ov dkgk|pv{' Kp souh`
ah|o fe kgpeve|pkgc k pbap ~ev|og ba` |odeer~evkegle kg pbe
lbuvlb oup|k`e o Vbo`eK|hag` ~evba~| eyeg oup|k`e o pbe lougpv{|o
pbap pbe{ souh` fvkgc a `kievegp ~ev|~elpkye' Pap ~ev|og |bouh`
ah|o baye apbeohocklah fegp' K `ogp pbkgj se `o pbeohoc{ yev{ sehh
a| a lbuvlb( ag` levpakgh{
seve gop pealbkgc ouv ~eo~he po pbkgjpbeohocklahh{' Se pbkgj
edopkogahh{( ag`pbap k|gp ahsa{| beh~uh sbeg seve `k|lu||kgc `kluhp
pbeohocklah k||ue|' K fehkeye se
gee` po fe fahagle`(
loddkppe`( ve~ve|egpapkye( ag` jgoshe`ceafhe' Adogc|p pbe 2pbeve
|bouh` fe a veahfvea`pb o er~evkegle(o pbeohocklah ug`ev|pag`kgc( o
loddkpdegp( ag` a yavkep{
o ace|' Kd avak` pbap k seve dogolbvodapkl( sbap se `o k|
ve~ve|egp a levpakg
VUB= Pk| {ouv 2pb Cegevah Logyeg$
pkog( sbklb deag| {ou baye |~egp 60
{eav| kg appeg`agle Sbap baye {ou er~e$
vkegle` kg pbap |~ag o pkde?
FK\BO^ SOHI= Sehh( kg 1;23 K segpa| pbe Lba~hakg po pbe
E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb
Sodeg ag` |o d{ hke sa| veahh{ skpb pbeELS' Kp sa| @epvokp
Dklbkcag ag` se `k`
|ode cveap dk||kog sovj pocepbev' Papsa| yev{ erlkpkgc'
K segp po pbe gerp logyegpkog a| a `e~up{ ova| ag ahpevgape( K
lagpvededfev' K `o vededfev fekgc af|ohupeh{ a}}he` f{ pbe adougp o
~a~evsovjag` ~avhkadegpav{ ~vole`uve' K louh`gp
12 VK\EG / AUPUDG 6>>;
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
19/36
dugkp{ ov bev afkhkp{ po hep co ag` doye
og' \kgle {ou yope` acakg|p @>65 bos
`o {ou ~hag po hkye oup pbap heppkgc co ag`
doykgc ovsav`?
FK\BO^ SOHI= Kg pevd| o Fepp{ ^osehh( sehh( Fepp{ ^osehh `k`gp
acvee( pbap
sa| ov levpakg( fup kg pbe Quajev sa{oge lag `k|acvee ag` heppbe
loddugkp{ doyeog( ahpboucb |be louh`|ep bev osg |pag`av`| ovbev
lha||vood' K `ogp vededfev fup K |u|~elp |be`k` pbap'
K vak|e` pbe k||ue o log|eg|u| dakgh{ felau|e K gee`e` po
er~ve||d{ ug`ev|pag`kgc o sbap pbe ve|ohupkog
sa| |a{kgc' K fehkeye pbap pbe ve|ohupkogsa| o~egkgc pbe `oov po
log|egpkgc po pbeehelpkog o a goglehkfape ~ev|og po pbee~k|lo~ape
a| K ug`ev|poo` kp' K `k`gp |eeag{oge er~ve|| f{ fo`{ hagcuace ov
alkaher~ve||kog pbap K sa| oi kg ag kga~~vo~vkape `kvelpkog' Go oge
vo|e kg o~~o|kpkog( |o K fehkeye pbap pbap k| sbap se `k`'
Se o~ege` pbe `oovpo doye fe{og` pbe
Skg`|ov ~vole|| veloddeg`apkog|'
Gos sbeg kp lode|po sbap K skhh `o kgpbe @kole|e( ahh |pag`kgc
loddkppee| o pbelbuvlb baye a yope o log|egp po ag{oge
sbo| ehelpe` po pbe e~k|lo~ape( ag` ealb`kole|ag fk|bo~ ah|o ba|
a yope' K souh`bo~e pbap pbe |pag`kgc loddkppee souh`
yope pbe sa{ pbe{ eeh pbe{ |bouh`( ag`pbap a| a fk|bo~ K souh`
baye pbe vkcbp po`o pbe |ade'
VUB= A ve|ohupkog skpb a < dkhhkog
`ohhav fu`cep ov dkgk|pv{ po Hapkgo ag`
Bk|~agkl ~eo~he sa| ~a||e`' Sbap `o
{ou pbkgj sbeg {ou |ee ouv dk||kog ~vk$
ovkpke| |u``egh{ hkge u~ skpb pbo|e o Pe
E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb?
FK\BO^ SOHI= Lheavh{( Bk|~agklDkgk|pv{ k| a cvoskgc e`ce
~vkovkp{ ovpbe E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb ag` pbe @kole|e o
Vbo`e K|hag`' Kg d{ logyegpkog a``ve||o 6>>>6>>1
K lahhe` ov Bk|~agkl dkgk|pv{ po fe a |pvogc olu| kg ouv
@kole|e'
Ap pbe pkde pbeve seve ~eo~he sbo veahh{que|pkoge` d{ vedavj|
felau|e pbe{ `k`gp|ee pbap se ba` a |kcgklagp hapkgo/Bk|~agkl
~o~uhapkog( fup gos pbk| k| yk|kfhe
po eyev{oge' Kd `ehkcbpe` pbap se baye a|pvulpuve kg ~hale |o
pbap gos pbap Cegevahlogyegpkog k| vea`{ po kglvea|e kgyohyedegp kg
Bk|~agkl dkgk|pv{ se ahvea`{ bayepbe |pvulpuve ag` pbe dkgk|pv{ kg
sbklb po`o pbk|'
Kg a``kpkog( Cegevah Logyegpkog hkpe` u~lad~ ag` logevegle
legpev| a| fekgc yev{kd~ovpagp( a| sa| Lbvk|pkag ovdapkog'Pe|e pso
ave ah|o |pape` Dk||kog vkovkpke|o ouv|'
Sbeve se `kiev skpb Cegevah Logyegpkog( k| kg logcvecapkogah
@eyeho~degp'Ouv @kole|e lhakd| kp po fe oge o ouvouv dk||kog
~vkovkpke|( ag` K fehkeye pbapkp k| yev{ kd~ovpagp ap a pkde sbeg
lbuvlbappeg`agle k| `elvea|kgc kg ahh dakg hkge
`egodkgapkog|( ag`pbe devckgc ag` lho|kgc o lbuvlbe| k| a |a`fup
boge|p veahkp{'
K ad `ehkcbpe` pbapouv dk||kog ~vkovkpke|ave lheavh{ |pape`
ag`pbap pbe fu`cep ba|feeg ovde` avoug`
pbe ~vocvad| pbap baye cvosg oup o pbe|ecoah|' Hkje ahh
~vkovkpke|( pbe{ skhh lbagceag` `eyeho~ kg pkde( fup ouv `kvelpkog
ba|feeg egbagle` f{ ouv lhavkp{'
VUB= Pe fu`cep ~a||e` ap Cegevah
Logyegpkog kglhu`e` 6< dkhhkog `ohhav|
kg fu`cep lup|( fup |pkhh ahholape` gesug`| po Dk||kog
^vkovkpke|' Dag{ kgpev$
~vep pbk| a| pbe E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb ~uppkgc
kp| doge{ sbeve kp| doupb k|( fup opbev|
ave vu|pvape` po |ee ~vocvad| lup' Sbeve
`o {ou |pag`?
FK\BO^ SOHI= Go fu`cep k| ~evelpag` eyev{ fu`cep gee`| po fe
a`mu|pe` kg
|ecdegp kg pbe @kole|e fup gop pbe sbohe'
VUB= Fup ap Cegevah Logyegpkog( ug$
hkje ouv @kole|ag logyegpkog( @e~upke|
ave |~elkilahh{ gop lahhe` @ehecape| fe$
lau|e pbe{ ave gop vequkve` po yope a| a
ve~ve|egpapkye o pbekv @kole|e' @o {ou
pbkgj ouv @e~upapkog| ugagkdou| yope
ov @>65 ag` L>59 k|
ve~ve|egpapkye o pbe
@kole|e? "|ee ~ace 13
ov pbe perp o pbe|e
ve|ohupkog|+
FK\BO^ SOHI= Kpbkgj pbap pbe yope opbe `e~upapkog ~vofafh{ souh`
velekye pbe logluvvegle o pbeLhevc{ kg pbe @kole|e o Vbo`e K|hag`'
Kp
souh` gop fe ugagkdou| fup K pbkgj pbappbe damovkp{ souh`
logluv' Ag` Kd veahh{gop |uve afoup pbe hakp{' Kg ahdo|p
eyev{~avk|b( pbeve |eed| po fe ~eo~he sbo ve~ve|egp fopb |k`e| o
pbe k||ue vecav`he|| o
sbeve pbe ~avk|b a| a sbohe |pag`|' U|uahh{ pbe dkgovkp{ k|
vehulpagp po |~eaj kg~ufhkl( ag` |o opegpkde| K beav pbekv vedavj|
kg pbe ~avjkgc hop ov a| Kd afouppo heaye a yk|kpapkog ov f{
heppev( fup pbe{vegop er~ve||e` kg pbe loddugkp{ ag`pbk| coe| ov
fopb pbo|e sbo ave dove
log|evyapkye pbag pbekv ~avk|b ag` pbo|esbo ave dove hkfevah
pbag pbekv ~avk|b( |oKd gop eralph{ |uve sbeve pbe ha{ ~eo~he
souh` ahh og pbk|' K baye a eehkgc( pboucb(pbap do|p souh`
logluv skpb pbe ve|ohupkog|' Kp k| kd~ovpagp po aljgoshe`ce
pbap~eo~he er~ve|| a pvedeg`ou| adougp oo~egge|| ov ahh jkg`| o
pbkgc|( ugpkh pbe{baye po daje a `elk|kog ov pbekv ~avpkluhav~avk|b
sbepbev kp fe kg pbe `k|lu||kogo |ade |er ugkog|( ov kg pbe lahh(
kg pbe|eavlb ~vole|| ov a ges ~vke|p' \odepkde|
sbap pbe{ |a{ k|gp ahsa{| sbap pbe{ sagppo `o'
VUB= Sbeg {ou |~oje `uvkgc pbe
`efape avoug` @>65 kg pbe bou|e o
Fk|bo~| {ou |~oje afoup Fepp{ ^osehh( a
sodag {ou paucbp skpb ap pbe Quajev
|lbooh' Fepp{ `k`gp pbkgj ckvh| |bouh`
seav |halj| ag` a| {ou |ak` ho|p pbe
log|eg|u|( {ep sog pbe beavp| o pbe lod$ Logpkgue` og ~ace >;
/ VK\EG 1;
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
20/36
F{ Kag Bohhk`a{
Iuhh `k|lho|uve ov pbe |aje o pbk| avpklhe= K hoye ELL' Kdah|o a
dedfev o pbe |uddev |pai( ag` baye feeg ov pbe~a|p ye {eav|' Fup
`ogp `k|lav` d{ o~kgkog a| ma`e`( felau|e K u|e` po bape lad~( ag`
kp| ogh{ felau|e kp( ag` K( bayelbagce` |kcgklagph{ kg velegp {eav|
pbap K gos eeh lodovpafheer~ve||kgc d{ hoye ov kp'
K v|p lade po ELL kg hape Aucu|p 6>>1' K ba` mu|p puvge`
10{eav| oh` ag` sa| pbu| ehkckfhe ov a seej o lad~ pbap go
hogceverk|p| lahhe` \egkov Sovj' \egkov Sovj sa| ov bkcb |lbooh
|pu`egp| ogh{( ag` pbe sovj ~avp |poo` ovsovj lad~' Se |~egp
|eyevah bouv| a `a{`okgc ~vomelp| avoug` pbe ELL ~vo~evp{'Oge a{ K
~up u~ |bkgche|( agopbev K lheave`fvu|b( ag` agopbev K sa|be` pbe
velegph{~ouve` |haf o loglvepe pbap souh` felodepbe ELL ~aykhkog'
Iov lad~ vecuhav|( pbe|e ~vomelp| seve a sa{ o
ckykgc falj po pbe loddugkp{ pbap ba` ckyeg pbed |o dulb' Fupa|
a v|p pkde lad~ev( K ehp go loggelpkog po pbe loddugkp{( ag``k`gp
eeh ~avpkluhavh{ kgykpe` po mokg' o de kp |eede` hkje ahh olad~
loug|ehov|( lad~ev|( ag` a`uhp |pai sa| ~avp o |odefkc lhuf pbap
ba` ovde` hogc aco( ag` sa|gp kg pbe fu|kge|| opajkgc ges dedfev|'
Pe ve|uhp sa| pbap K pvke` veahh{ bav` po fe|odepbkgc K sa| gop(
ahh sbkhe hk|pegkgc po hogcpkde ELL ~eo~hepahj afoup bos lad~ sa|
pbe oge ~hale pbe{ ehp pbe{ louh` pvuh{fe pbed|ehye|' K hep lad~
eehkgc fkppev ag` vu|pvape` ag` yoskgcgeyev po co falj'
Ag` K `k`gp co falj' Gop ugpkh K sa| kgykpe` po fe og |pai(
sbklbba~~ege` allk`egpahh{' K sa| ~kljkgc u~ d{ ckvhvkeg` vod
a|~vkgc vepveap seejeg` ov pbe |uddev |pai' \be sa| ~ve~avkgcov bev
v|p |uddev a| ag ELL loug|ehov( ag` K ba` {ep po |eluvea |uddev
mof' Sbeg K degpkoge` pbk| alp la|uahh{ po a vkeg`(ELL|
pbeg`kvelpov oyevbeav` ag` `elk`e` po oiev de a mof kgpbe jkplbeg'
Iov pbe gerp pbvee |uddev|( K sovje` a| pbe |pesav`( ag a||k|pagp
looj ag` pbe ~ev|og kg lbavce o vkgckgc pbedovgkgc sajeu~ fehh' Kg
6>>2( pbe oh` looj doye` og ag` K
sa| ~vodope`' Gos Kd kg lbavce o dajkgc oo` ov eyev{oge apELL
`uvkgc pbe |uddev( sbklb k| lva}{ log|k`evkgc pbe |pavp lad~ ag` K
ba`'
Kg pbe ekcbp {eav| |kgle K v|p er~evkegle` ELLa| a lad~ev( Kye
lode po veahk}e K dk|ug`ev|poo` pbap khhape` seej' [e|( K akhe` po
|ee pbe
~okgp o sovj ~vomelp|( fup kp| gop hkje K souh` baye ba`
ag{pbkgcfeppev po `o k K |pa{e` bode ahh seej' Ag` {e|( K ehp hkje
ag oup|k`ev( fup K ah|o dep a hkehogc vkeg`( sbo mu|p ba~~ege` po
hkyekg d{ posg ag` eg`e` u~ dajkgc bkcb |lbooh kggkpeh{
dovepohevafhe pbag kp souh` baye feeg opbevsk|e' Kg |bovp( lad~
ba`geyev feeg a| fa` a| K ~evlekye` kp po fe' Ap pbe |ade pkde(
sbkheELL |pkhh ~o||e||e| kp| osg sekv` kgpevgah hockl( ag` |pkhh
|odepkde| |eed| hkje ag erlhu|kye lhuf( kp| felode dove sehlodkgckg
velegp {eav|( mu|p a| Kye felode dove ug`ev|pag`kgc' Kp| ouvdupuah
cvospb pbap ba| puvge` ELL vod oge o d{ hea|p ayovkpe~hale| kgpo
oge o pbe ~hale| sbeve K eeh do|p lodovpafhe'
Iuhh `k|lho|uveiov pbe |aje oi pbk| avpklhe=
K hoye ELL'
ELL= D[ \POV[
6> VK\EG / AUPUDG 6>>;
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
21/36
Oge pbkgc pbap ba| lbagce` k| pbe ed~ba|k| ~hale` og
|uddevpbede|= pbe |bovp( kg|~kvapkogah |egpegle| ov ~bva|e| pbap
beh~ kgovd pbe logpegp| o a |uddev| ~vocvad' Kg 6>>;( pbe
pbede sa|er~hove {ouv |pvegcpb|( ag` ahh o pbe lad~| se oieve` kg
|ode
sa{ veelpe` ov uvpbeve` pbap coah' K baye go k`ea sbap pbe
|uddev pbede sa| kg 6>>1 sbeg K lade po |egkov sovj' K oufp
pbeveave dag{ 6>>; lad~ev| sbo souh` |a{ pbe |ade'
Pe |eyeg lad~| o pbe 6>>; |uddev kglhu`e` pbvee seej|
`e|kcge` ov {ougcev lad~ev| vapbev pbag peeg|' Pe{ seve
[ougcevLbkh`veg| Lad~( Lad~ ov Oh`ev Fo{|( ag` Lad~ ov Oh`evCkvh|'
va`kpkogahh{( pbe|e lad~| baye pbekv osg pbede|( ag` avepbu| dove
hoo|eh{ loggelpe` po pbe oyevahh pbede po pbe |uddev'\pkhh( pbe
er~hove {ouv |pvegcpb| de||ace sa| vekgovle` f{ ealblad~' Dag{
lad~ev| `uvkgc pbe {ougcev seej| ave er~evkeglkgclad~ ov pbe v|p
pkde( |o oge dakg olu| k| po daje pbe lad~ev| eeh lodovpafhe kg
pbekv ges egykvogdegp' o `o pbk|( pbe`akh{ |lbe`uhe k| fu|kev ag`
dove vkck` pbag ap peeg lad~|( skpb
lad~ev| pvayehkgc skpb pbekv lafkg| po a sk`e vagce o
alpkykpke|pbvoucboup pbe `a{( pbe k`ea fekgc pbap kp| kd~o||kfhe po
er~hove{ouv |pvegcpb| k {ou `ogp jgos sbap pbe{ ave( ag` {ouhh
geyevcuve oup sbap pbe{ ave ughe|| {ou pv{ ges pbkgc|' Pe bo~e
k|ahsa{| pbap( f{ er~o|kgc pbe lad~ev| po er~evkegle| pbe{ lag
ogh{baye ap lad~( se skhh heaye pbed skpb a ~o|kpkye eehkgc
afoup
ELL( ag` a `e|kve po lode falj'
A| a |pai dedfev( kp| ea|{ po ho|e pvalj o pbe |uddev pbedea|
{ou sovv{ kg|pea` afoup {ouv `a{po`a{ hke ag` mof er~elpapkog|' Kg
|ode sa{|( pbk| k| er~elpe`' Pe pbede k| pbe falj`vo~ ov pbe
|uddev( pbe pbkgc pbap| ahsa{| pbeve sbeg {ou lahd`osg egoucb ag`
cep a vee dodegp po gopkle kp' Kg velegp {eav|(pbe |pai ba| da`e a
dove loglevpe` eiovp po |po~ ag` eeh pbe~ve|egle o pbe |uddev
pbede( ag` po kglov~ovape kp kgpo `akh{lad~ hke'
Pe|e eiovp| ave e|~elkahh{ yk|kfhe kg pbe lbagce| pbap baye
feegda`e po eeg Lad~' Sbkhe lad~ev| |pkhh `o sovj ~vomelp| po
kg
ye|p kg pbe lad~ loddugkp{( pbap k| go hogcev pbe ~uv~o|e
olodkgc po lad~' Kg|pea`( cveapev ed~ba|k| ba| feeg ~hale` og
e`ulapkogah ~vocvad| ag` alpkykpe|' Iov dag{ lad~ev|( eeg Lad~k|
pbekv v|p seej ap lad~ skpboup pbe vkck` |pvulpuve o pbe lad~|
ov {ougcev ace cvou~|' Lad~ev| ave ckyeg dove o~~ovpugkpke|po
daje pbekv osg lbokle| afoup sbap po `o ag` sbeg po `o kp'Pk|
vee`od ahhos| pbed po `k|loyev ag` `eyeho~ pbekv |pvegcpb|
skpbkg pbe |aep{ o pbe ELL egykvogdegp' eeg Lad~ 6>>;
sa|oge o pbe fe|pappeg`e` o pbe |uddev( ~voyk`kgc pbe o~~ovpugkp{
po egcace pbe |uddev pbede skpb dove pbag 3> lad~ev|'
\uddev| Eg`( pbe a~~vo~vkapeh{ gade` ha|p seej o pbe |uddev(sa|
a ~evelp la~ po pbe 6>>; lad~ |ea|og felau|e kp
lodfkge`ahdo|p eyev{ seej pbap lade feove kp' Lad~ev| ~avpklk~ape`
kgdu|kllad~|p{he sovj|bo~|( peeglad~hkje e`ulapkogah ~vocvad|( ag`
|evkou| |dahh cvou~ `k|lu||kog| `e|kcge` po o|pevlogyev|apkog afoup
|olkah k||ue| a| sehh a| pbe |uddev pbede' Kp|odepkde| eeh| hkje
pbe ~uv~o|e o \uddev| Eg` k| po ckye pbelad~ev| pbe o~~ovpugkp{ po
`o ag{pbkgc ag` eyev{pbkgc( sbklblag cep oyevsbehdkgc ov pbe ~eo~he
sbo|e mof kp k| po alkhkpapepbap' Iov pbk| vea|og( \uddev| Eg` k|
opeg pbe do|p |pve||uh
seej ov pbe |pai( fup kp lag ah|o fe pbe do|p vesav`kgc' Kp
eeh|
hkje pbe veahk}apkog o pbe ELL k`eah= a loddugkp{ kg sbklb
{oueeh alle~pe` ov sbo {ou ave ag` sbap {ou `o( ag` a ~hale
pbapeglouvace| {ou po fe kp ag` `o kp'
Pap| sbap ELL k| afoup= pbe o~~ovpugkp{' Sbeg K sa| a lad~ev(K
`k`gp veahk}e pbk|( ag` `k`gp |ek}e kp( fup K `k`gp eeh
eglouvace`po ekpbev' o`a{( ELL ag` K ave fopb feppev ap ouv
ve|~elpkye vohe|'K pv{ po edfvale pbe o~~ovpugkpke| kp aiov`| de(
ag` kp daje|de ba~~kh{ asave pbap pbe{ve ayakhafhe( gop mu|p po de(
fup poeyev{oge'
^bopo= Hauva \k`ha ag` Vaelbeh @oucbp{ vea` a budevou| ~oed
afouppbekv lafkg ap pbe \uddev| Eg` ahegp \bos
^bopo= Lkg`{ Dav|}ahjos|jk( Bkhhav{ pbe daggequkg( ag` Muhka
\lopp apELL ov \uddev| Eg` lad~'
AUPUDG 6>>; / VK\EG 61
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VE\OHUPKOG\1'LOD^AGKOG VEHAPKOG\BK^ SKPBPBE @KOLE\E OI E]O
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbe @kole|e o Vbo`e K|hag` er~ve||e| kp|
cvapkpu`e po ouv Fk|bo~ Cevah{g Soh ag` Fk|bo~ Mobg ]aso opbe
@kole|e o E}o kg pbe \u`ag ov feckggkgc pbe logyev|apkog|gele||av{
po ovd a Lod~agkog Vehapkog|bk~ fepseeg ouv pso`kole|e|: ag` fe kp
uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbe @kole|e o Vbo`e K|hag` kgykpe| pbe @kole|e o
E}o kgpo a Lod~agkog Vehapkog|bk~ sbklb skhh guvpuveouv
vehapkog|bk~ po ealb opbev ag` po pbe sovh` kg Lbvk|p: ag` fekp
uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbe @kole|e o Vbo`e K|hag` ~he`ce| a||k|pagle(
sbepbev |~kvkpuah ov dapevkah( po pbe @kole|e o E}o a|
da{ fe `epevdkge` f{ a~~vo~vkape hea`ev|bk~ kg ealb `kole|e:ag`
fe kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbe @kole|e o Vbo`e K|hag` acvee| po vapk{pbk|
vehapkog|bk~ ov a ~evko` o pbvee {eav|( feckggkgc skpb pbe
yk|kp o Fk|bo~ ]aso po pbk| @kole|ag Logyegpkog( ag` pbap
pbevehapkog|bk~ fe eyahuape` ag` vegese` a| dupuahh{ acvee`
u~og|uf|equegp po pbap ~evko` o pkde: ag` fe kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbe Lod~agkog @kole|e Loddkppee oyev|eeag` gouvk|b
pbk| vehapkog|bk~ skpb pbe @kole|e o E}o'
\ufdkppe` f{ D|' Davpba B' Ade| Cvale Lbuvlb( ^voyk`egle
6' LOD^AGKOG VEHAPKOG\BK^ SKPBPBE @KOLE\E OI HOUK\KAGA
VE\OHYE@( Pap kg velocgkpkog o pbe `eya|papkog vodBuvvklage
Japvkga( ag` kp| ha|pkgc eielp|( pbe @kole|e o Vbo`eK|hag` vapke|
ouv Lod~agkog Vehapkog|bk~ skpb pbe @kole|e oHouk|kaga: ag` fe kp
uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap fopb `kole|e| ~he`ce a||k|pagle ag` vkeg`|bk~ po
ealb opbev ag` po pbo|e do|p aielpe` f{ pbe `eya|papkog ov a ~evko`
o pbvee {eav| feckggkgc Maguav{ 1( 6>>; ag`
vegese` a| dupuahh{ acvee` u~og |uf|equegp po pbap ~evko` opkde:
ag` fe kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbe Lod~agkog @kole|e Loddkppee oyev|eeag` gouvk|b
pbk| vehapkog|bk~ skpb pbe @kole|e o Houk|kaga'
ER^HAGAKOG= Fk|bo~ Cevah{g Soh ag` dedfev| o pbelhevc{ ag` hakp{
o pbe @kole|e o Vbo`e K|hag` baye feeg alpkyeh{ kgyohye` kg oievkgc
~va{ev( dogepav{ |u~~ovp ag` ~b{|klaha||k|pagle kg pbe vefukh`kgc o
Ges Ovheag| ag` po pbe eiovp|da`e f{ pbe @kole|e o Houk|kaga| La|e
Dagacedegp ag`
@kole|agLogyegpkogVe|ohupkog| ag` Godkgapkog|Skhh [ouv Yokle Fe
beav`?
Ealb ^avk|b kg pbe @kole|e o Vbo`e K|hag` ba|
a es `ehecape| po ouv @kole|ag Logyegpkog(
sbklb skhh deep Olpofev 60pb po yope og pbe ve|ohu
pkog| kglhu`e` kg pbe ohhoskgc ~ace|' Sb{ `o {ou
gee` po jgos sbap pbe|e ve|ohupkog| ave? Felau|e
pbe{ skhh aielp {ouv ~avk|b hke( ag` pbvoucb {ouv
~avk|b `ehecape| {ou baye a yope' Ughkje Pe E~k|
lo~ah Lbuvlb| Cegevah Logyegpkog( ouv @kole|ag
Logyegpkog ba| Lhevc{ dedfev| ag` ha{ @ehecape|(gop @e~upke|'
@ehecape| ave vequkve` po yope a| ve~
ve|egpapkye| o pbekv ^avk|b( |o po daje |uve {ou ave
fekgc lovvelph{ ve~ve|egpe` vea` pbe ohhoskgc pbe peg
ve|ohupkog| sbklb seve |ufdkppe` po pbk| {eav| ve|ohu
pkog| loddkppee( ag` hep {ouv ^avk|b| `ehecape| jgos
sbap {ou` hkje po |ee ba~~eg( ag` sbap {ou souh`gp'66 VK\EG /
AUPUDG 6>>;
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
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Vefukh`kgc ~vomelp| lod~hepe` oyev pbe ~a|p es {eav|'Kg hkcbp o
pbk| loddkpdegp ag` pbe logpkgue` gee`kg pbe avea( a veloddeg`apkog
po kgykpe pbe @kole|e oHouk|kaga kgpo a ovdah Lod~agkog
vehapkog|bk~ ba|feeg da`e'
\ufdkppe` f{ D|' Davpba B' Ade| Cvale Lbuvlb( ^voyk`egle
>;: ag` fe kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbe ^ve|k`egp o pbe \pag`kgc Loddkppee|bahh |ep
pbe pkde ag` ~hale ov pbe v|p deepkgc o pbe a|jIovle( po fe beh`
feove @eledfev >;' Ap pbk| v|p deepkgc( pbe a|j Iovle |bahh
ehelp a lbakv~ev|og vod kp| dedfev|bk~: ag` fe kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbe a|j Iovle |bahh `eyk|e a ~vole|| kg sbklbpbe
ha{ ag` lhevklah dedfev| o pbe @kole|e da{ er~ve|| pbekvbo~e| ag`
k`ea| vecav`kgc pbe upuve dk||kog o pbe @kole|e' Pe
a|j Iovle da{ veque|p vea|ogafhe |pai |u~~ovp vod `kole|ag|pai
"e'c' dakhkgc|( ehelpvogkl loddugklapkog+: ag` fe kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbe a|j Iovle |bahh ve~ovp po pbe 66>pb
Logyegpkog o pbe @kole|e o Vbo`e K|hag` skpb kp| g`kgc|( kglhu`kgc
a veloddeg`apkog ov dk||kog ~vkovkpke| po fe a`o~pe` ovveavde` f{
pbe @kole|e' Pe a|j Iovle k| eglouvace` po fe kgvecuhav
loddugklapkog skpb pbe a~~vo~vkape ~eo~he ag` cvou~|ov pbe
fu`cepkgc ~vole||( kg pbe eyegp pbap a veyk|e` fu`cep k| pofe
~ve|egpe` po pbe 66>pb Logyegpkog o pbe @kole|e po daplbdo`ke`
dk||kog ~vkovkpke|'
ER^HAGAKOG= Kp ba| feeg |eyevah {eav| |kgle ouv luvvegpdk||kog
~vkovkpke| "Lbvk|pkag ovdapkog( logcvecapkogah `eyeho~degp(
Bk|~agkl dkgk|pvke|( E~k|lo~ah Logevegle Legpev+ seve|ep kg ~hale'
\kgle pbap pkde( dulb ba| lbagce` fopb kg|k`e ag`oup|k`e ouv
@kole|e' Kp da{ fe pbap se gee` po |bkp ~vkovkpke|ag` ov ve`ege ouv
dk||kog'
Pe @kole|e |bouh` baye ~vkovkpke| sbklb ave egcackgc ov
logcvecapkog|( skpb lod~ehhkgc sa{| po loggelp logcvecapkogah
ag``kole|ag dkgk|pv{' Pk| ~vole|| souh` ahhos sk`e ~avpklk~apkogkg
eradkgkgc ouv luvvegp ~vkovkpke|( sbklb dkcbp fe do`ke`(
ve~hale`( ov veavde`' Ogle pbe ~vkovkpke| ave `ege`pbeve |bouh`
fe ag agguah veykes pbap k| ve~ovpe` popbe Logyegpkog' Pe `kole|ag
fu`cep da{ gee` po feveyk|e` kg ov`ev po veelp pbe dk||kog
~vkovkpke|( |bouh`pbe{ fe do`ke`'
Pe a|j Iovle k| po fe ~uv~o|eh{ |dahh( fup kp da{ kgyohye
opbev| a| gee`e`' Poucb pbe kgkpkah deepkgc k| po fe |ep f{
pbe^ve|k`egp o pbe \pag`kgc Loddkppee( pbe ^ve|k`egp gee` gop|evye
og pbe a|j Iovle' Ikgahh{( pbe ~voyk|kog ov |ode do`e|pu|e o
`kole|ag |pai ve|ouvle| souh` beh~ pbe a|j Iovle po `okp| sovj(
e|~elkahh{ kg ~ufhklk}kgc( capbevkgc ag` |bavkgc g`kgc|'
Pe bo~e k| po velhakd a |eg|e o ykpahkp{ ag` cvospb kg
ouv`kole|ag dkgk|pvke|( skpb dk||kog ~vkovkpke| sbklb ave
~osevuhh{egcackgc'
\ufdkppe` f{ Pe Vey Vofevp Fvooj| o \p' Ag`ves|( Hkpphe
Lod~pog( Pe Vey \lopp Cugg o Lbvk|p Lbuvlb( Hkglohg( Pe
Vey` Fkhh Holje o \p' ^auh|( ^aspuljep( Pe Vey` ^epev Da{ev
o
Eddagueh Lbuvlb( Ludfevhag`( Pe Vey` ^adeha Dopp o \p'
Dav{|( ^ovp|doupb( ag` Pe Vey` Meggkev ^e`vklj o Lbuvlb o
pbe
E~k~bag{( Ea|p ^voyk`egle
0' \U^^OVP OI IOVDAPKOG IOVLBKH@VEG( [OUPB( )
LOHHECE\PU@EGP\
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbk| 61;pb Agguah Logyegpkog o pbe E~k|lo~ah
@kole|e o Vbo`e K|hag` lhakd a| adogc kp| lbke dk||kog~vkovkpke| ov
pbe pvkeggkud abea` ovdapkog o ag` dkgk|pevkah
|u~~ovp ov lbkh`veg( {oupb ag` {ougc a`uhp| o lohhece ace: ag`fe
kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbk| `kole|e( kglhu`kgc pbe \pag`kgc Loddkppee ag`
Ikgaglkah Olev|( eyahuape u|e o ve|ouvle| o doge{ag` ~ev|oggeh( po
`kvelp dove ve|ouvle| posav` pbk| dk||kog~vkovkp{( kglhu`kgc
|pvegcpbege` |u~~ovp ov lad~u| dkgk|pvke|:ag` fe kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbk| logyegpkog eg`ov|e pbe Lbavpev IovHkehogc
Lbvk|pkag Iovdapkog a~~voye` ap Cegevah Logyegpkogkg Muh{
6>>; ag` `k||edkgape kp po eyev{ logcvecapkog ov pbekv
|pu`{ ag` kd~hedegpapkog'
ER^HAGAKOG= Vbo`e K|hag` ba| a~~vorkdapeh{ ; / VK\EG 6
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pbap kglavgape| Lbvk|p po pbed sbeve pbe{ ave( ag` u|e|de`ka
pbe{ alle|| vecuhavh{ ag` alepoale logpalp skpbdkgk|pev|( ha{ ag`
ov`akge`( sbo skhh eglouvace ag`beh~ pbed |ba~e pbekv hea`ev|bk~
|jkhh|'
Kg ELL pbk| `kole|e ba| a sog`evuh alkhkp{( ~vocvadag` |pai po
|evye |ode {ougc ~eo~he( fup kp k| gop a`equape
ahoge po daje logpalp skpb( oiev pbe Co|~eh po( ag` |evye
pbepbou|ag`| o {ougc |eejev| og dag{ lad~u|e| ag` kg |lbooh| fup
opeg gop kg lbuvlbe| pbvoucboup Vbo`e K|hag`'
\ufdkppe` f{ Pe Vey` @v Meggkev ^bkhhk~| \p' Aucu|pkge|(
Jkgc|pog
Pe Lbavpev ov Hkehogc Lbvk|pkag Iovdapkog k| ayakhafhe oghkgeap
sss'ovdapkoglbavpev'lod'
5' \U^^OVP PBE ALK ^VK\OGLBA^HAKGL[
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbk| 61;pb @kole|ag Logyegpkog o pbe E~k|lo~ah
@kole|e o Vbo`e K|hag` ve|pove po pbe `kole|ag fu`cep ovpbe {eav
6>1> pbe ug`kgc ov A`uhp Lovvelpkogah Kg|pkpupkog|~vk|og
dkgk|pv{ ap pbe |ade vape a| pbe 6>>; fu`cep( po kg|uvepbap
pbk| dkgk|pv{ dakgpakg| kp| dodegpud ag` pbe hecal{ opvu|p(
|u~~ovp( ag` yohugpeev alle|| skpbkg pbe ~vk|og |{|pedpbap ba| feeg
`eyeho~e` oyev dag{ {eav|: ag` fe kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap se velocgk}e pbe ALK E~k|lo~ah ~vk|ogdkgk|pv{ ag`
pbe ~o~uhapkog kp |evye| a| a dk||kog logcvecapkogpbap ug`evpaje|
logyev|kog ag` Fa~pk|d( Lbvk|pkag Iovdapkog(Veloglkhkapkog( Vecuhav
\alvadegpah Sov|bk~( ag` hke|pace
~a|povah dkgk|pv{ kg pbe logperp o ogcokgc loddugkp{ ovdapkog(
a| `o opbev logcvecapkog| o ouv `kole|e( ag` pbap ug`kgc|ouvle| fe
ayakhafhe po kp og pbe |ade fa|k| a| ov opbev dk||koglogcvecapkog|:
ag` uvpbev fe kp
VE\OHYE@( Pap se aljgoshe`ce cvapeuhh{ pbap pbe ALK^vk|og
Dkgk|pv{ uhhh| a ~kele o ouv |pape` ouv~avp `kole|agdk||kog yk|kog
pbap kglhu`e| oupvealb( a`yolal{( ag` |evykle'
ER^HAGAKOG= Pe Co|~eh| ave lheav ag` ugequkyolah afouppbe love
dkgk|pv{ po sbklb Lbvk|pkag| ave lahhe` ag` f{ sbklb(
Me|u| pehh| u|( se skhh fe velocgk}e` ag` mu`ce` feove pbe
pbvoge
o Co` sbklb kglhu`e| ~vk|og dkgk|pv{= Iov K sa| bugcv{ ag`{ou
caye de |odepbkgc po eap( K sa| pbkv|p{ ag` {ou caye de|odepbkgc po
`vkgjK sa| kg ~vk|og ag` {ou yk|kpe` de' "Dpp65=95 ag` A>05 o
pbe6>>; Cegevah Logyegpkog( eg`ov|e Pe Eavpb Lbavpev ag`
eglouvace kp| |pu`{ ag` kd~hedegpapkog f{ logcvecapkog|( ole|(ag`
cvou~| o pbk| `kole|e: ag` fe kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbk| Logyegpkog uvce| logcvecapkog|( ole|(cvou~|(
ag` ahh E~k|lo~ahkag| kg`kyk`uahh{ po `o ahh pbe{ lag pove`ule(
sbeve ~o||kfhe ag` a~~vo~vkape( pbe u|e o loddevlkahh{fopphe` sapev
ag` o gogvel{lhafhe ~a~ev ag` ~ha|pkl coo`|( a| a
sa{ o ~valpklkgc coo` |pesav`|bk~ o lveapkog ag` log|evyapkogo
pbe eavpb| |lavle ve|ouvle|'
ER^HAGAKOG= Pk| ve|ohupkog uhhh| pbe dag`ape o Cegevah
Logyegpkog po lavv{ pbe ve|ohupkog| ov pbe lave ag` mu|p u|eo
lveapkog falj po `kole|e| ov pbekv eg`ov|edegp ag`
kd~hedegpapkog'
\ufdkppe` f{ Pe Vey` @v Meggkev ^bkhhk~| \p' Aucu|pkge|(
Jkgc|pog Dv' Avpbuv Oh|eg \p' Aucu|pkge|( Jkgc|pog
60 VK\EG / AUPUDG 6>>;
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Pe Eavpb Lbavpev k| ayakhafhe oghkge ap
sss'eavpblbavpev'ovc'
3' AIIKVDAPKOG OI CEGEVAHLOGYEGPKOG VE\OHUPKOG\@>65 )
L>59
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbk| 61;pb Logyegpkog o pbe @kole|e o
Vbo`e K|hag` eglouvace| eyev{ logcvecapkog po sehlode ahh~eo~he
kgpo pbe Lbuvlb( ag` fe kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap se avd Ve|ohupkog L>59 "Hkpuvcke| ovFhe||kgc|+
ag` @>65 "Loddkpdegp ag` Skpge|| po pbe Agchklag Loddugkog+(
logluvve` kg Muh{ 6>>; f{ pbe 39pb CegevahLogyegpkog o pbe
E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb( ag` fe kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap se mokg pbe Cegevah Logyegpkog( sbklb kgve|ohupkog
@>65 velocgk}e` pbap pbe fa~pk}e` dedfev|bk~ oPe E~k|lo~ah
Lbuvlb kglhu`e| |ade|er lou~he| hkykgc kg hkehogc loddkppe`
vehapkog|bk~| lbavalpevk}e` f{ `ehkp{( dogoc
ad{( dupuah aielpkog ag` ve|~elp( laveuh( boge|p loddugklapkog(
ag` pbe boh{ hoye sbklb egafhe| pbo|e kg |ulb vehapkog|bk~|po |ee
kg ealb opbev pbe kdace o Co` "6>>>@>59( kg pbk|
@kole|e( a cegevou| ~a|povah ve|~og|e po deep pbegee`| o dedfev| o
pbk| Lbuvlb e|~elkahh{ pbo|e sbo |eej pbe
Lbuvlb| fhe||kgc o |ade|er vehapkog|bk~|( ag` fe kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap se mokg Cegevah Logyegpkog kg bogovkgcpbe
pbeohocklah `kyev|kp{ o pbk| Lbuvlb kg vecav` po dappev| obudag
|eruahkp{'
ER^HAGAKOG= Pe|e pso ve|ohupkog|( ~a||e` f{ |kcgklagpdamovkpke|
kg fopb pbe Bou|e o @e~upke| ag` pbe Bou|e oFk|bo~| ap Cegevah
Logyegpkog pbk| |uddev( avd sbap dag{o u| kg pbe @kole|e o Vbo`e
K|hag` jgos po fe pvue' Ouv yavkou| logcvecapkog| ave fhe||e` f{
pbe ~ve|egle ag` dkgk|pv{ oca{ ag` he|fkag ~ev|og| kg ahh ov`ev| o
dkgk|pv{( sbo ave vak|kgc
adkhke|( |evykgc og ye|pvke|( ~volhakdkgc pbe Co|~eh( |evykgcpbe
~oov ag` egvklbkgc ouv lov~ovape hke skpb pbekv pkde( pahegpag`
pvea|uve' ^a||kgc pbk| ve|ohupkog a``| ouv @kole|ag yoklepo pbe
yokle o Cegevah Logyegpkog( ag` velocgk}e| pbe ykpahlogpvkfupkog
pbap ca{ ag` he|fkag ~ev|og| daje po pbe hke o pbk|@kole|e'
Cegevah Logyegpkog Ve|ohupkog| @>65 ag` 6>>;L>59
ave~vkgpe` kg uhh og ~ace 13 o pbk| Daca}kge'
\ufdkppe` f{ Pe Vey` Lhave Ik|lbev$@ayke| \p' Davpkg|(
^voyk$
`egle
2' LODDUGKP[ CAV@EG\
VE\OHYE@( Pap ealb logcvecapkog k| uvce` po paje ave|b hooj ap
kp| ~vo~evp{ po `k|loyev k pbeve k| |~ale pbap
louh` fe u|e` ov loddugkp{ cav`eg|: ag` fe kp uvpbev
VE\OHYE@( Pap logcvecapkog| ave uvce` po er~ag` pbekvoupvealb f{
|u~~ovpkgc pbo|e kg pbekv dk`|p sbo ave skhhkgc poug`evpaje pbk|
dkgk|pv{ o ~voyk`kgc ve|b ~vo`ule ov pbo|e kggee`'
Er~hagapkog= Loddugkp{ cav`eg| lag paje dag{ ovd|' A
|kgchecav`eg lag ~vo`ule ve|b oo` ov deah |kpe| ag` oo` ~agpvke|'Kg
gekcbfovboo`| sbeve kg`kyk`uah| `o gop baye |~ale ov acav`eg( |dahh
~hop| lag fe oieve`' Se souh` gop fe ~kogeev| kg~voyk`kgc loddugkp{
cav`eg|: ve|ouvle| ave ayakhafhe po pbo|e
sbo sk|b po feckg pbk| dkgk|pv{( pbvoucb pbe \oupb|k`e Loddugkp{
Hag` vu|p( pbe UVK Da|pev Cav`egev|( ag` opbev|' K
sa| bugcv{ ag` {ou e` de'
\ufdkppe` f{ D|' Lav{h \' Ivkgj Coo` \be~bev`( ^aspuljep
;' ^VA[EV\ IOV PBE ^EV\ELUPE@
VE\OHYE@( Pap ~va{ev| ov Lbvk|pkag| pbvoucboup pbe sovh`sbo ave
fekgc ~ev|elupe` ov pbekv akpb fe a``e` po pbe @kole|ag ~va{ev
hk|p( |o ~va{ev| skhh fe |ak` ov pbed ealb seej kgealb ~avk|b'
Er~hagapkog= Hep u| ~va{ pbap Co` skhh ckye po ahh sbo ave
|uevkgc felau|e o pbekv fehke kg Me|u| Lbvk|p akpb( louvace(
ag`
~vopelpkog'
Kp skhh ah|o fe coo` po vedkg` ahh Lbvk|pkag|( e|~elkahh{
Vbo`eK|hag` E~k|lo~ahkag|( og a seejh{ fa|k| pbap pbeve ave |pkhh
davp{v|po pbe akpb kg pbk| cegevapkog ~eo~he sbo hkye sbeve
pbekvho{ahp{ po Lbvk|p kd~evkh| pbekv ~vo~evp{ ag` hkye|'
\ufdkppe` f{ Pe Vey` Cov`og \peggkgc vepkve`
1>' @KOLE\AG LOGYEGPKOGMOUVGAH\
VE\OHYE@( Pap pbe Mouvgah|( Au`kp|( Dkgupe|( ag` A~~eg`kle|
vehape` po @kole|ag Logyegpkog| |kgle pbe {eav 6>>>
felod~hepe` ag` fe da`e ayakhafhe og pbe `kole|ag sef|kpe ag`
ap@kole|ag Bou|e f{ @eledfev >;'
ER^HAGAKOG= A gudfev o Mouvgah| ag` vehape` dapevkah|vod velegp
@kole|ag Logyegpkog| ave gop ayakhafhe' Pk| |bouh`fe lovvelpe` kg
ov`ev po o~evape ouv `kole|e skpb pbe |ade pvag|~avegl{ pbap se
sk|b po |ee kg logcvecapkog|' Luvvegph{( ogh{ pbe
Mouvgah| vod 6>>6( 6>>0( ag` 6>>5 ave
ayakhafhe po kgpeve|pe`dedfev| o pbe @kole|e o Vbo`e K|hag`'
AUPUDG 6>>; / VK\EG 65
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Pk| ve|ohupkog a|j| pbap pbe odk||kog o dapevkah|
vod6>>< ag` pbe velegp odk||kog| o 6>>9( 6>>3(
ag` 6>>2fe lovvelpe` |oog' Iov pbo|e sbo da{ gop baye
Kgpevgepalle||( kp k| er~elpe` pbap pbe|e dapevkah| souh` fe
ayakhafhe ov kg|~elpkog ap @kole|ag Bou|e'
Kg a``kpkog po pbe gee` ov pvag|~avegl{ kg holah aiakv|( pbe
Lagog K'9'5"a+ o pbe E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb vequkve| pbe |ufdk||kogo
Mouvgah| po pbe \elvepav{ o pbe Bou|e o @e~upke| ag` po pbeAvlbkye|
o pbe E~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb'
\ufdkppe` f{ Pe Vey` Vofevp Fvooj| \p' Ag`ves|( Hkpphe Lod~$
pog Pe Vey` Lhave Ik|lbev$@ayke| \p' Davpkg|( ^voyk`egle
GODKGAPKOG\\AG@KGC LODDKEE( LHEVC[0$[EAV EVD
Pe Vey' Meggkev ^e`vklj
Meggkev ba| feeg a ~vke|p kg pbe @kole|e o Vbo`e K|hag` ov
peg{eav| ag` Velpov o Lbuvlb o pbe E~k~bag{( Ea|p ^voyk`egleov
ekcbp {eav|' @uvkgc pbk| pkde Meggkev fehkeye| |be ba| cvosgkg
hea`ev|bk~ ag` dkgk|pv{' E~k~bag{ ba| cvosg kg dk||kog ag`dkgk|pv{(
fopb kg dea|uvafhe |papk|pkl|( ag` kg pbe er~evkegle odedfev| ag`
pbe sk`ev loddugkp{' E~k~bag{ logpkgue| po alelbahhegce| skpb akpb
ag` bo~e: a| sehh a| kg |pvapeckl ~haggkgcag` yk|kogkgc' Pe{ ave a
~avk|b pbap ba| velegph{ "6>>3+ devce`ag` lag fe a ve|ouvle
po opbev|( vod a ~valpklah ag` ~a|povah~ev|~elpkye' Oyev pkde(
Meggkev ba| |evye` pbe kole|e a| adedfev o @kole|ag Louglkh( pbe
Lhevc{ Logpkgukgc E`ulapkogLoddkppee( Fvk`cefukh`ev|( ag` pbe
Loddk||kog og Dkgk|pv{' \be ba| ah|o |evye` a| @eag o pbe Ea|p Fa{
@eagev{ ag`k| luvvegph{ a @e~up{ po Cegevah Logyegpkog' Meggkev
bo~e|po fe ehelpe` po pbe \pag`kgc Loddkppee po oiev hea`ev|bk~
a|ouv @kole|e ale| pbe elogodkl ag` ellhe|ka|pklah lbahhegce| opbe
gerp |eyevah {eav|' Kg bev hke fe{og` lbuvlb( |be k| ba~~kh{davvke`
po Dkje @eAgceho ag` pbe{ baye pso `aucbpev|( H{`kaag` Fehha'
\AG@KGC LODDKEE( HA[
0$[EAV EVDPe Bogovafhe \lopp Aye`k|kag
Savsklj Da{ov \lopp Aye`k|kag ba| feeg Da{ov o pbap lkp{|kgle
6>>>' Feove pbap be |evye` ov ye pevd| og pbe Lkp{Louglkh'
A hkehogc E~k|lo~ahkag ag` dedfev o vkgkp{( ^aspurep Ykhhace( be
ba| |evye` og pbekv Ye|pv{ ag` a| a `ehecape po@kole|ag Logyegpkog'
Be ba| feeg a Dedfev o pbe Loddkppee og Ve|ohupkog|
"1;;;6>>6+( Ellhe|ka|pklah vkah Louvp"6>>66>11+(
Bogovav{ Lbakvdag( Ykle ^ve|k`egp( Dedfev o
pbe Foav` o E~k|lo~ah Lbavkpke| "6>>0 ~ve|egp+( @kole|ag
Louglkh "6>>3 ~ve|egp+( @kole|ag ^vocvad )Fu`cep Loddkppee
6>>;' Be k| a velk~kegp o pbe Fk|bo~Bkcckg| Asav` vod
E~k|lo~ah Lbavkpke|'
Be mu|p fecag bk| 6>pb {eav a| a dedfev o pbe Foav`o \p'
Dav{| Bode ov Lbkh`veg( k| a vu|pee o Oleag \pape
Lbavkpke|( kglov~ovapov o Jegp Bo|~kpah( ovdev Foav` Dedfevo pbe
\p' Ehk}afepb Loddugkp{( ag` ba| |evye` og pbe foav` odove pbag pso
`o}eg cvou~| oyev pbe ~a|p 6> {eav|'
@KOLE\AG LOUGLKH( LHEVC[>;
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Du|eud( Du|eud o ^vkdkpkye Avp ) Luhpuve( Ivkeg`|o pbe Fvosg
Hkfvavke|( ag` pbe Bavyav` Fu|kge|| \lbooh
A||olkapkog o \oupbea|pevg Ges Egchag`'
@eggk| sa| Ykle ^ve|k`egp ov Fu|kge|| ag` Ikgagleap pbe
Ugkyev|kp{ o Vbo`e K|hag` ag` |evye` a| lbkegaglkah olev o ye fagj|
kg ouv |pape|( kglhu`kgc pso kg
Vbo`e K|hag`' Be k| a cva`uape o Khhkgok| Se|he{ag
Ugkyev|kp{(|pu`ke` kgpevgapkogah elogodkl| ap ^vkglepog Ugkyev|kp{(
ag` ba|ag DFA vod pbe Bavyav` Fu|kge|| \lbooh'
LOGCVECAKOGAH@EYEHO^DEG( LHEVC[
>; / VK\EG 63
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
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Fe|poi
Vbo`e K|hag`|
\ouvle iov
E~k|lo~ah Ges|
kg|k`e
^ve|k`kgc Fk|bo~og hkykgckg loddugkp{
GES\ SOVPB[=Elogodkl soe|ahpev dk||kog
IAKPBSOVJ\=Fkjev| vk`elvo||$lougpv{iov Gep|iovHkie
AVP ) \OUH=
Pvag|iovdkgcsbap opbev| |bugkgpo feaup{
ALPKYE YOKLE=K| {ouv lbuvlbkg pbe sovh`?
F{ Dav{ Ivagle| \lbmogfevc
\PAII DAGACEV\ AP pbe E~k|lo~ahLbuvlb Legpev kg Ges [ovj ~ve`klp
pbapcveapev lohhafovapkog ag` feppev loddugklapkog( fopb ak`e` f{
kglvea|e` u|e o pelbgohoc{( skhh beh~ ed~ho{ee| |evye pbe
lbuvlbskpb a |dahhev fu`cep ag` esev lohheacue|'
Cegevah Logyegpkog| `elk|kog po a~~voye a 6>1>6>16
fu`cep kg Muh{ pbap k|$6< dkhhkog |dahhev pbag pbe luvvegp
pvkeggkah ~hag ~vod~pe` pbe gee` po vepbkgjpbe sovj o lbuvlb legpev
|pa' Pbe $101dkhhkog fu`cep a|j| ov he|| doge{ vod`kole|e| ag` skhh
deag pbap a~~vork
dapeh{ 0> |pa ~o|kpkog| oup o 1;6 kg pbeE~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb| Ges
[ovj ag` veckogahoile| skhh fe ehkdkgape`'
@epakh| o pbe lbagce| |pkhh ave fekgc`k|levge`' A velogicuvapkog
loddkppee(logyege` f{ Lbke O~evapkgc Oilev Hkg`aSapp apev
logyegpkog( ba| feeg sovjkgckg`e~eg`egph{ ag` kg logmuglpkog
skpb
pbe ~veerk|pkgc Lohhafovapkye Kgkpkapkye|\peevkgc Cvou~ o lbuvlb
legpev ed~ho{ee| ovde` kg Maguav{'
Pbe velogicuvapkog cvou~ sa| a|je`po oev |ode do`eh| ov
velogicuvapkogpbap ave olu|e` og pead ag` ~vomelpfa|e` sovj pbap
ve|~og` po pbe fu`cep
log|pvakgp| |ep oup f{Cegevah Logyegpkog(|ak` pbe Vey'
DavcavepVo|e( `kvelpov o pbeDk||kog Hea`ev|bk~ Legpev ag` loddkppee
lbakv'
Adogc pbe ~vocvadfu`cep| havceh{ ehkdkgape` ave |olkahh{
ve|~og|kfhe kgye|pdegp( lvkdkgahmu|pkle( valkah mu|pkle(ha{
dkgk|pv{( ov`akge`dkgk|pv{ eyeho~degp(sodeg| dkgk|pv{(
logcvecapkogah ykpahkp{ ag`|pesav`|bk~ pvakgkgc ~vocvad|( ag`
|~kvkpuahkp{'
Fu`cep lup| aiielp sovj\paii `k|levgkgc bos fe|p po |u~~ovp
dk||kog( dkgk|pv{
Hk|pegkgc ~vole||= ckip po lbuvlb
PO ^ACE F
F{ Dappbes @ayke|
AG OIIKLKAH ^VOLE\\ ovhk|pegkgc po pbe er~evkegle|o ca{ ag`
he|fkag Agchklag| ba| feeg {eav| kg pbedajkgc( fup go oilkah eovp
cop ug`evsa{ ugpkh mu|poyev pbvee {eav| aco'
A |elog` ~ba|e o pbe~vole||( lahhe` pbe Logpkgukgc Kg`afa ag`
Du
puah Hk|pegkgc ^vomelp( k|gos fekgc hauglbe` skpbpbe beh~ o a
$1'5 dkhhkogcvagp' Kp ahhos| lhevc{ ag`hakp{ po |bave pbekv
er~evkegle o hk|pegkgc po bodo|eruah Lbvk|pkag| ag` oevpbe
o~~ovpugkp{ ov E~k|lo~ahkag| po beav |povke|o dk||kog kg logperp|
avvedoye` vod pbekv osg(|ak` pbe Vey' Lagog ^bkh
Cvoye|( ~vomelp alkhkpapov'Pbe yk|kog o pbe ~vomelpk| po daje
dupuah ve|~og|kfkhkp{ a veahkp{( bav`pboucb pbap da{ fe'
Pbe Agchklag Loddugkog Hk|pegkgc ^vole|| k|e||egpkah po
^bopo/Mkd @eHa
@kole|e oi Loggelpklup Fk|bo~ Ag`ves \dkpb( Mokgp
\pag`kgcLoddkppee og ^vocvad( Fu`cep ag` Ikgagle ykle lbakv(
kgpvo$`ule| pbe loddkppee| ~vo~o|e` 6>1>$6>16 fu`cep iov
pbeE~k|lo~ah Lbuvlb po a mokgp |e||kog oi Cegevah Logyegpkog'
lho|evhoojpbk| dogpb| kg$`e~pb ve~ovp
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
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F
logpkgukgc po o~eg u~ logyev|a$pkog| pbap seye veahh{ gop
ba`(|ak` Fk|bo~ Mobg Lbage o pbe@kole|e o Sa|bkgcpog' Feove {oulag
cep kgpo lbagckgc beavp| ag`dkg`|( {ou gee` po lode po pbepafhe ov
logyev|apkog' Pbap| pbeckp kp lag ~ve|egp po pbe lbuvlb'
Veque|p| po hk|peg po ca{ ag` he|$fkag Lbvk|pkag| baye feeg da`e
kgpev$dkppegph{ |kgle pbe fk|bo~| ap pbe 1;32Hadfepb Logevegle
velocgk}e` pbegee` ov ~a|povah loglevg ov pbo|esbo ave bodo|eruah
ag` eglouvace``kahocue skpb pbed'
Fup gop ugpkh 6>>5 `k` pbe Agchk$lag Log|uhpapkye Louglkh
"ALL+( pbeloddugkog| dakg ~ohkl{$dajkgcfo`{( lahh ov dupuah
hk|pegkgc ag`veque|p pbap a`equape ve|ouvle| feahholape` |o pbap
|pu`{( `k|lu||kogag` veelpkog louh` loddegleskpbkg ealb dedfev
lbuvlb o pbeloddugkog'
Cvoye|( vod Egchag` ag` aovdev dk||kogav{ kg Pag}agka(
sa|a~~okgpe` alkhkpapov kg Maguav{6>>9' Be appeg`e` Cegevah
Log$
yegpkog po er~hakg pbe ~vole|| pbapk| |u~~ovpe` f{ ug`kgc vod
pbe\aplbev Beahpb Hea`ev|bk~ Kg|pkpupekg Aphagpa'
Pbe ~ba|e skhh vug iye ~khoplogyev|apkog| avoug` pbe lod$dugkog(
skpb ealb er~elpe` pokgyohye pbvee `kevegp `kole|e|'
Pbelogyev|apkog| skhh legpev og dupuahhk|pegkgc ag` |bavkgc kg oge
agopb$ev| logperp|( |ak` Cvoye|'
Dk||kog logperp| kg ~hale| |ulba| Gkacava ag` \ag Ivaglk|lo(
a|
sehh a| Hog`og ag` E`kgfuvcb(`edag` pbap ca{ ugkog| ave ~avp
opbe veahkp{ o hke( ag` pbe{ baye pofe a``ve||e` f{ pbe lbuvlb
pbeve ovdk||kog po logpkgue( be |ak`' Kgopbev ~avp| o pbe sovh`
opbev dk|$|kog k||ue| lode po pbe ove( |ulb a|sav( erpvede ~oyevp{(
BKY/AK@\'
Se laggop |a{ po pbe ~eo~he oFuvug`k pbap hk|pegkgc po ca{
~eo~he
k| dove kd~ovpagp pbagayevpkgc ~opegpkah cego$lk`e' \o sbeg se
lodepocepbev( se skhh sagppo ve|~elp pbe yuhgevafheag` egcace kg
logyev|a$pkog| sbeve ag k||ue k|gop ovle` ogpo agopbevlbuvlb( fup
fopb |bavekg pbe ve|~og|kfkhkp{ ovdk||kog kg pbe opbev|logperp'
Pbe iv|p |pe~|(Cvoye| |ak`( skhh fepo lod~khe
pbeohocklahve|ouvle| ag` k`eg$pk{ `kole|e| sbevepbeve k| cokgc po
fe pbe
|pvegcpb po |~eaj oupo logyklpkog alvo||`kevegle| ag` bos se
a||k|p ogeagopbev kg dk||kog'
Cvoye| |ak` be` egcace skpbkg`kcegou| pbeohockag| vod
Avkla(Adevkla( A|ka ag` pbe ^alkil kglod~khkgc ve|ouvle|' Kg
velegp{eav| |ode ~eo~he kg pbe loddu$gkog baye lode po veahk}e pbap
pbeSe|pevg |p{he o lodfapkye `edol$val{ dkcbp gop fe pbe ogh{ sa{
kgsbklb logklp lag fe a``ve||e`(
be |ak`' Kg`kcegou| pbeohockag|gee` po fe kgyohye` po eg|uve
pbeLogpkgukgc Kg`afa ~vomelp veelp|pbekv sk|`od'
Sbkhe dag{ baye er~ve||e` eg$pbu|ka|d ag` |u~~ovp ov pbe
~vole||(|ode log|evyapkye Agchklag| ag`ovdev E~k|lo~ahkag| baye
que|$pkoge` pbe ges ~ba|e| aupbegpklkp{(|a{kgc pbap pbe ug`kgc(
lodkgc voda ~vocve||kye |ouvle( k| hkjeh{ po kgu$egle kp' Cvoye|
ag` pbe ug`ev| bayeveupe` pbap lhakd'
Pbe ug`kgc sa| ~voyk`e` po pbe\aplbev Kg|pkpupe f{ Dkadk
~bkhag$pbvo~k|p pbe Vey' Davpa Seej|( sbo|ak` kp lode| skpb
af|ohupeh{ go|pvkgc| appalbe`'
K pvu|p pbe Avlbfk|bo~ o Lag$pevfuv{ ag` pbe Agchklag Lod$dugkog
po u|e kp boseyev pbe{ eehskhh fe|p logpvkfupe po `kahocue
ag`lhavkilapkog o kd~ovpagp k||ue|(
|be |ak`'@uvkgc Cegevah Logyegpkog(
Cvoye| |ak` pbap be ba` velekye`gopbkgc fup popah egpbu|ka|dov
pbe Hk|pegkgc ^vole|| felau|eseve gop `epevdkgkgc ag ouplode(fup
seve pv{kgc po egcace ~eo~he kgpahjkgc po oge agopbev vod a lod$dog
fa|k| ov ve|~elp ov \lvk~puveag` pbe Lbvk|pkag pva`kpkog'
Do|p kd~ovpagph{( Cvoye| |ak`(
se gee` po daje |uve pbeve|go dagk~uhapkog ag` eg|uve pbappbeve|
logi`egle ag` a |aecvoug` |o pbap ~eo~he lag lodejgoskgc pbap pbe{
skhh fe beav`ag` hk|pege` po'
Cvoye| |ak` be souh`gp er~elppbe ~khop ~vomelp| po loddegle
ugpkh6>1> ag` ~o||kfh{ 6>11' Se skhh fesovjkgc skpb pbe
fk|bo~| og bospbe{ pvakg oge agopbev kg hea`kgc fupgop `odkgapkgc
logyev|apkog|' Pbegse skhh fe hoojkgc kgpo pvakgkgc
alkhkpapov|'A|je` sb{ kp pooj hogc ov pbe
~vole|| po cep o pbe cvoug`( Lbage|ak`( Oge o pbe fkcce|p
hocmad| k| ve$ahh{ `eige` f{ eav( eav afoup sbevepbk| k| cokgc po
paje u| vod a pbeo$hocklah ~okgp o ykes ag` a luhpuvah~okgp o ykes'
Pbeve k| a eav pbappbe loddugkog k| fekgc ovle` kgpopbk| f{ pbe
Adevklag lbuvlb'
HK\PEGKGC ^VOLE\\IVOD ^ACE A
lho|evhooj
^bopo/Dappbes @ayke|
Ivod heip( pbe Vey' @effke Vo{ah|( pbe Vey' Lagog^bkh Cvoye|(
pbe Yev{ Vey' Yklpov Appa$Faiioe ag`pbe Vey' Kag @oucha| `k|lu||
pbe Agchklag Lod$dugkog Hk|pegkgc ^vole|| `uvkgc a fooj|kcgkgc
ap
pbe 39pb Cegevah Logyegpkog kg Agabekd( Lahki'
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8/14/2019 RISEN Fall 2009 "The Conventional Issue"
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Lalpkyeyokle
K AHSA[\ AD `ehkcbpe` sbeg~eo~he hk|peg po sbap K |a{ kg a|evdog
ov a``ve||' \odepkde| K ad|uv~vk|e` f{ sbap pbe{ beav'
Kg d{ o~egkgc a``ve|| ap Ceg$evah Logyegpkog( K |~oje afoup
pbecveap Se|pevg beve|{ o kg`kyk`u$ahk|d "|ee pbe uhh perp ap
sss'`id|'ovc/323>+' Pbe E~k|phe| ve~eap$e`h{ egmokg pbe ohhosev|
o Me|u| po
ckye eyk`egle o pbe bo~e skpbkg{ou "1^ep $16+ ag` pbap se eap
ouv osg`e|pvulpkog k se paje Loddugkog
skpboup baykgc vecav`ov pbe ve|p o pbe loddugkp{ "1Lov11=63$
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@ iakpbsovj|
F{ H{geppe Skh|og
EKCBP L[LHK\P\ VK@KGCvod |ea po |bkgkgc |ea povak|e doge{ ag`
asavege||ov E~k|lo~ah Vehke ag`
@eyeho~degp| "EV@+ icbpacakg|p dahavka lod~hepe`pbekv 16`a{(
>>dkhe(1
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E
F{ Davpba Fajev
SBEG \BE SAHJ\ kg feaup{(ahoge f{ pbe vkyev( pbe Vey' \u|ag
J'Gagg{ |ee| fe{og` pbe Dk||k||k~~kdu`'
Og kp| sa{ po pbe @ehpa( pbe Dk|$|k||k~~k os| f{ \p' Houk|(
heaykgcpojeg| vod kp| pvayeh| eh|esbeve'
\ode |pvohhev| |ee pbo|e ckp| a|cavface( ehhe` vod ove|p|(
fedu`$`e` vod opbev vkyev|' Gagg{ |ee|pbe hkdf| ag` fvaglbe| a|
~avp opbe feaup{ o pbe vkyev|la~e'
Sbeg K ig` pbe soo`( kp| ahhcve{( laje` kg Dk||k||k~~k du`'
Kp|ihpb{( |be |ak`' Fup |odepkde|(oge `vas| de po ~uhh kp oup o
pbe|ag` ag` sapev'
Da{fe kp| a voug`e` e`ce'Da{fe kp| yev{ |pkljge|| |pklj|oup( |be
a``e`( ugafhe po avpklu$
hape eralph{ sb{ oge bugj o soo`skg| oyev agopbev po co bode
skpbbev' \be| |uve afoup oge pbkgc(pboucb= Ikg`kgc pbe soo` k|
pbeug ~avp' Pbap( ag` pbe iv|p pkde|be |ag`| kp( veyeahkgc sbap
hke|fegeapb'
Gagg{( sbo`e|lvkfe| bev$|eh a| ag E~k|$lo~ah ~vke|pkg
avpk|p|lhopbe|( sovj|skpb ag oh`vkeg`( Dav|ba\agcukgeppe(po ugloyev
pbe|~kvkp o pbesoo` pbap(|odebos( ba||uvykye` ag av$`uou|
mouvge{(|pavpkgc Co`
jgos| sbeve( logpkgukgcpbvoucb lbuvgkgc( du``{sapev|( ~a|p
favce| ag`|~ee` foap|' Pbe |omouvgeg`| ap a |ag`fav( mu|p|oupb o
pbe Lbakg o Volj|Fvk`ce( govpb o \p' Houk|'Pbe soo`( sbklb ba|
feeg|lvuffe` ag` seapbeve`
f{ sapev( skg` ag` |ug(k| vaveh{ `k|pkgcuk|bafhe a|sahgup ov
da~he ov ~kge'
Ivod uch{ po feaup{
Kp sa| og bev iv|p sahj|f{ pbe vkyev pbap Gagg{ k`h{gopkle` pbe
soo`' Pbeg |befecag ~uv~o|euhh{ po |lagpbe |bove| ag` pbe
sapev|(bo~kgc ov oge yolah(ykpah ~kele' Opeg( pbeogh{ soo` |be
oug`
sa| poo sapevhocce`ov pvag|leg`egle( fupopbev ~kele|( pbe oge|
skpb sbk|$~ev| o pbe `kykge( fecce` po fepoulbe`( po fe
pvag|ovde`'
Gagg{ pooj bev ig`| po \ag$cukgeppe' Dav|ba ba` feeg|ag`kgc
do|p
