RISKY SHIFT: LAB REPORT WRITE-UP Week 7 Practical

RISKY SHIFT:

LAB REPORT WRITE-UP

Week 7 Practical

WEEK 1

WEEK 2

WEEK 3

WEEK 4

WEEK 5

WEEK 6

WEEK 7

WEEK 8

WEEK 9

WEEK 10

LECTURE PRACTICAL

NONPARAMETRICS 1 1ST PRACTICAL

NONPARAMETRICS 2 1ST ANALYSIS

SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS

1ST ANALYSIS (BY HAND)

HYPOTHESIS TESTING

2ND PRACTICAL

RELATED T-TEST

2ND ANALYSIS

INDEPENDENT T-TEST

INDEPENDENT ANOVA

DEPENDENT ANOVA

2ND ANALYSIS (BY HAND)

3RD PRACTICAL

3RD ANALYSIS

NO PRACTICAL

NO LECTURE NO PRACTICAL

WEEK 7 PRACTICALRISKY SHIFT

Learn to calculate the Friedman and Wilcoxon test by hand.

Understand the way in which the practical reports will be marked and what you have to do to do well!

BY THE END OF THE SESSION, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

Clarify any additional problems that you may have regarding this lab report with your friendly neighbourhood demonstrators.

LEARNING OUTCOMESRISKY SHIFT

PRACTICAL WRITE-UP

INTRODUCTION

METHOD

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

ABSTRACT

TITLE

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

212

20

20

20

20

6

0

IV and DV included, precise, concise

Maximum 150 words, summary of all sections

Clear structure leading to experimental rationale

Evidence of extra reading, beyond the handouts

Sufficient information to replicate the study

Participants, materials, design, procedure

Clear and logical descriptive and inferential stats

Well designed figures related to the findings

Summary of main results, relating to introduction

Evaluation of study, suggestions for future

APA formatted, consistent with references in text

Handouts, SPSS printouts, workings out…

RISKY SHIFT

REMINDER: FRIEDMANRISKY SHIFT

FRIEDMAN BY HANDRISKY SHIFT

First you should complete the “How to carry out a Friedman Test” worksheet. We will go through this with

you.

For ease, you will be working with a small data set rather than the Risky Shift data set.

You will need to attach the completed worksheet to your lab report.


STEP 1: Rank each participant's scores individually

Participant Cond 1 Cond 1 RANK

Cond 2 Cond 2 RANK

Cond 3 Cond 3 RANK

1 4.6 5 3.4

2 6.8 5 5.0

3 6.6 5 4.6

4 5.8 5 4.2

5 5.4 5 4.6

6 6.2 5 5.0

7 7.0 5 6.6

8 5.4 5 5.4


STEP 1: Rank each participant's scores individually


Cond 2 Cond 2 RANK

Cond 3 Cond 3 RANK

1 4.6 2 5 3 3.4 1

2 6.8 3 5 1.5 5.0 1.5

3 6.6 3 5 2 4.6 1

4 5.8 3 5 2 4.2 1

5 5.4 3 5 2 4.6 1

6 6.2 3 5 1.5 5.0 1.5

7 7.0 3 5 1 6.6 2

8 5.4 2.5 5 1 5.4 2.5


STEP 2: Calculate the rank total for each condition


Cond 2 Cond 2 RANK

Cond 3 Cond 3 RANK

1 4.6 2 5 3 3.4 1

2 6.8 3 5 1.5 5.0 1.5

3 6.6 3 5 2 4.6 1

4 5.8 3 5 2 4.2 1

5 5.4 3 5 2 4.6 1

6 6.2 3 5 1.5 5.0 1.5

7 7.0 3 5 1 6.6 2

8 5.4 2.5 5 1 5.4 2.5

Tc1 = Tc2 = Tc3 =


STEP 2: Calculate the rank total for each condition


Cond 2 Cond 2 RANK

Cond 3 Cond 3 RANK

1 4.6 2 5 3 3.4 1

2 6.8 3 5 1.5 5.0 1.5

3 6.6 3 5 2 4.6 1

4 5.8 3 5 2 4.2 1

5 5.4 3 5 2 4.6 1

6 6.2 3 5 1.5 5.0 1.5

7 7.0 3 5 1 6.6 2

8 5.4 2.5 5 1 5.4 2.5

Tc1 = 22.5 Tc2 = 14 Tc3 = 11.5


STEP 3: Square the rank totals and add them together


Cond 2 Cond 2 RANK

Cond 3 Cond 3 RANK

1 4.6 2 5 3 3.4 1

2 6.8 3 5 1.5 5.0 1.5

3 6.6 3 5 2 4.6 1

4 5.8 3 5 2 4.2 1

5 5.4 3 5 2 4.6 1

6 6.2 3 5 1.5 5.0 1.5

7 7.0 3 5 1 6.6 2

8 5.4 2.5 5 1 5.4 2.5

Tc1 = 22.5 Tc2 = 14 Tc3 = 11.5

Tc1² = Tc2² = Tc3² =

ƩTc² =


STEP 3: Square the rank totals and add them together


Cond 2 Cond 2 RANK

Cond 3 Cond 3 RANK

1 4.6 2 5 3 3.4 1

2 6.8 3 5 1.5 5.0 1.5

3 6.6 3 5 2 4.6 1

4 5.8 3 5 2 4.2 1

5 5.4 3 5 2 4.6 1

6 6.2 3 5 1.5 5.0 1.5

7 7.0 3 5 1 6.6 2

8 5.4 2.5 5 1 5.4 2.5

Tc1 = 22.5 Tc2 = 14 Tc3 = 11.5

Tc1² = 506.25 Tc2² = 196 Tc3² = 132.25

ƩTc² = 834.5


STEP 4: Answer the following questions:-

• How many conditions?

C =

• How many participants?

N =


STEP 4: Answer the following questions:-

• How many conditions?

C = 3

• How many participants?

N = 8


STEP 5: Enter the values for ‘N’, ‘C’ and ‘ƩTc²’ into the formula below

N = 8C = 3ƩTc² = 834.5






STEP 6: Calculate the degrees of freedom

df = C – 1

df =

STEP 7: Determine statistical significance

Assessing the statistical significance of r² depends on the number of participants and the number of groups. a) Less than 9 participants = Use a special table of critical values (on Graham’s website)b) 9 or more participants = Use a Chi-Square table (on Graham’s website)

Χr² ( ) = , p

REMINDER: WILCOXONRISKY SHIFT

WILCOXON BY HANDRISKY SHIFT

Now you should complete the “How to carry out a Wilcoxon Test” worksheet. Again, we will go through

this with you.

You will be working with a small data set again rather than the Risky Shift data set.

You will need to attach the completed worksheet to your lab report.


STEP 1: Calculate the difference between scores

Participant Condition A Condition B Difference

1 25 32

2 29 30

3 10 8

4 31 32

5 27 20

6 24 32

7 26 27

8 29 30

9 30 32

10 32 32

11 20 30

12 5 32


STEP 1: Calculate the difference between scores

Participant Condition A Condition B Difference

1 25 32 -7

2 29 30 -1

3 10 8 2

4 31 32 -1

5 27 20 7

6 24 32 -8

7 26 27 -1

8 29 30 -1

9 30 32 -2

10 32 32 0

11 20 30 -10

12 5 32 -28


STEP 2: Rank the differences

Participant Condition A Condition B Difference Rank

1 25 32 -7

2 29 30 -1

3 10 8 2

4 31 32 -1

5 27 20 7

6 24 32 -8

7 26 27 -1

8 29 30 -1

9 30 32 -2

10 32 32 0

11 20 30 -10

12 5 32 -28



• Ignore the sign of the difference (whether it is positive or negative)

• If more participants have the same difference– Add up the ranks they would take– Divide this by the number of ranks– For example: -1 is the lowest difference, of which there are 4.

Add up the ranks: 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10, then divide this by the number of ranks: 10 / 4 = 2.5

• Ignore differences of zero




1 25 32 -7 7.5

2 29 30 -1 2.5

3 10 8 2 5.5

4 31 32 -1 2.5

5 27 20 7 7.5

6 24 32 -8 9

7 26 27 -1 2.5

8 29 30 -1 2.5

9 30 32 -2 5.5

10 32 32 0 Omit

11 20 30 -10 10

12 5 32 -28 11


STEP 3: Add together ranks belonging to scores with a positive signParticipant Condition A Condition B Difference Rank

1 25 32 -7 7.5

2 29 30 -1 2.5

3 10 8 2 5.5

4 31 32 -1 2.5

5 27 20 7 7.5

6 24 32 -8 9

7 26 27 -1 2.5

8 29 30 -1 2.5

9 30 32 -2 5.5

10 32 32 0 Omit

11 20 30 -10 10

12 5 32 -28 11


STEP 3: Add together ranks belonging to scores with a positive sign


1 25 32 -7 7.5

2 29 30 -1 2.5

3 10 8 2 5.5

4 31 32 -1 2.5

5 27 20 7 7.5

6 24 32 -8 9

7 26 27 -1 2.5

8 29 30 -1 2.5

9 30 32 -2 5.5

10 32 32 0 Omit

11 20 30 -10 10

12 5 32 -28 11


STEP 4: Add together ranks belonging to scores with a negative sign


1 25 32 -7 7.5

2 29 30 -1 2.5

3 10 8 2 5.5

4 31 32 -1 2.5

5 27 20 7 7.5

6 24 32 -8 9

7 26 27 -1 2.5

8 29 30 -1 2.5

9 30 32 -2 5.5

10 32 32 0 Omit

11 20 30 -10 10

12 5 32 -28 11

STEP 5: Determine value of W

• Positive sign ranks:

5.5+7.5 = 13

• Negative sign ranks:

7.5+2.5+2.5+9+2.5+2.5+5.5+10+11=53

• W-value is the smallest of these sums

STEP 6: Determine N

• N = Number of differences

• Omit zero differences

• 12 -1 = 11 differences

STEP 7: Check critical value

N .05 .025 .01 .0059 8 6 3 2

10 11 8 5 3

11 14 11 7 5

12 17 14 10 7

13 21 17 13 10

14 26 21 16 13

YOUR CHOICE

YOU HAVE THE REST OF THE SESSION TO FOCUS ON WHAT YOU THINK YOU NEED TO IMPROVE YOUR UNDERSTANDING

LAB REPORT NONPARAMETRICS

Make sure you are happy with your

interpretation of the SPSS output in

relation to the three experimental

hypotheses ,and make sure you know what

needs to go into your lab report to get the

best marks.

Download ‘problem5’ and start to work

through the questions related to the

forthcoming related t-test (as well as some problems relating to

correlation and regression).

RISKY SHIFT

Documents

RISKY SHIFT: LAB REPORT WRITE-UP Week 7 Practical