RITISH JJTERATURE1640-1789

A N A N T H O L O G Y

EDITED BY

ROBERT DEMARIA JR

BLAGKWELLPublishers

Contents

List of Authors • ' . . ' • ' x x

Introduction . ,xxiiiEditorial Principles , xxxAcknowledgements , xxxii

BALLADS AND NEWSBOOKS FROM THE CIVIL W A R ( I 640-1649) 1

The World is Turned Upside Down (1646) ' 1The King's-Last farewell to the World, Or The Dead King's Living

Meditations, at the approach of Death denounced against Him (1649) 3The Royal Health to theVRisirig Sun (1649) • ' *\ '••-• 6f r o m A Perfect D i u r n a l of Some Passages i n Parliament ( 1 6 4 9 ) • • • ' ' ' - "• '

Number 288 29 January—5 February 1649 L • ' 7from Mercurius Pragmatkus (1649) (1

Number 43 30 January—6 February 1649 8

THOMAS HOBBES (1588-1679) 9from Leviathan (1651)

Chapter XIII Of the Natural Condition of Mankind, as concerningtheir Felicity, and Misery ", 9

ROBERT FILMER (d.1653)" .. , - . . . - . > . 12from Patriarcha or the Natural Power of Kings Asserted (1680) • . •

V Kings are either Fathers of their People, or Heirs of such Fathers,or the Usurpers of the Rights of such Fathers ,. • 13

VI Of the Escheating of Kingdoms 13VII Of the Agreement of Paternal and Regal Power 14

vi CONTENTS

ROBERT HERRICK (I591-1674) 15from Hesperides (1648)

The Argument of His Book 15To Daffodils 16The Night-piece, to Julia 16The Hock-Cart, or Harvest Home 17Upon Julia's Clothes 18When he would have his verses read 18Delight in Disorder 19To the Virgins, to make much of Time 19His Return to London 20The Bad Season Makes the Poet Sad 20The Pillar of Fame 20

CHARLES I (1600-1649) and J O H N GAUDEN (1605-1662) 21from Eikon Basilike (1649)

Upon the Calling in of the Scots, and their Coming . 22

SIR THOMAS BROWNE (1605-1682) 25from Pseudodoxia Epidemica: or, Enquiries into Very Many Received Tenets,

and Commonly Presumed Truths (1646)To the Reader 26

J O H N M I L T O N (1608-1674) . . 29from The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce; Restored to the Good of Both Sexes,

From the bondage of Canon Law, and other, mistakes, to Christian freedom, • •• •guided by the Rule of Charity. Wherein also many places of Scripture, have • ,recovered their long-lost meaning. Seasonable to be now thought on in theReformation intended. (1643) - . . . ;

Book I The Preface - •• , . 30from Chapter I , ,-,. . 33from Chapter VI 34

from Areopagitica; A Speech of Mr. John Milton for the Liberty ofUnlicensed Printing, to the Parliament of England (1644) 34

from Eikonoklastes (1649) ,Chapter 13 Upon the Calling in of the Scots and their Coming 51

from Poems (1673)Sonnet 18 (1655) On the Late Massacre in Piemont 53Sonnet 19 (1652?) 'When I consider how my light is spent' 54

Sonnet 16 [To the Lord General'Cromwell, 1652] • • '54Paradise Lost (1667) ' • • i .

, " T h e Verse • •' • • 56Book I . •• . ' 56Book II • • • 76Book III 101

CONTENTS vii

Book IV .- - : 119Book V • . 144Book VI .! . '• 165Book VII 186Book VIII ' 201Book IX 216Book X ! • ; • - ' • . . . . • 243

Book XI 269Book XII 290

R I C H A R D C R A S H A W ( i 6 i 3 ? - i 6 4 9 ) - 305

from Steps to the Temple (1646) ' ' '•>A Hymn to the Name and Honour of the Admirable Saint Teresa 305

MARGARET FELL Fox (1614-1702) 309from Women's Speaking Justified, Proved and Allowed by the Scriptures (1666) 310

A B R A H A M C O W L E Y ( 1 6 1 8 - 1 6 6 7 ) 3 1 3

from Poems (1656)

Ode of W i t . , - . . ' , - .3 i4To Mr Hobbes 316

R I C H A R D L O V E L A C E ( 1 6 1 8 - 1 6 5 8 ) t , 3 1 9

from Lucasta (1649)

Song To Lucasta, Going to the Wars . • ' . r,, , - , , : , - , 319

Song To Amarantha, That she would dishevel her hair . ,; , 320

To Althea, From Prison Song 321

ABIEZER COPPE ( 1 6 1 9 - 1 6 7 2 ) : . . • - . , 3 2 2

from A Fiery Flying Rollj A Word from the Lord to all the Great Ones of ,the Earth, whom this may concern: Being the last Warning Piece at the dreadfulday of Judgement For now the Lord is come (1650) , . . ,, 322

A N N A T R A P N E L ( I 6 2 O ? - I 6 6 O ? ) . . , 328

from The Cry of a Stone: or,a Relation of Something spoken in Whitehall (1654) 329

LUCY A P S L E Y H U T C H I N S O N ( 1 6 2 0 - 1 6 8 7 ) • •- 331

from Memoir:t of the Life of Colonel Hutchinson (1664) . u .. .. 331

A N D R E W M A R V E L L ( 1 6 2 1 - 1 6 7 8 ) 335

from Miscellaneous Poems (1681) % . ^ • • ' • • - - .

Bermudas (1653?). ,-. •• • ' • 336The Nymph Complaining for the Death of her Faun (a651—2?) • 337The Mower to the Glo-Worms (1651—2?) • 340An Horatian Ode upon Cromwell's Return from Ireland (1650) 340

viii CONTENTS

The Garden (1651-2?) 343On a Drop of Dew (1651-2?) 346To his Coy Mistress (c. 1645) 347

HENRY VAUGHAN (1622-1695) 348from Si lex Scintillans (1655)

'They are all gone into the world of light!' 348The Night . 350

MARGARET CAVENDISH, DUCHESS OF NEWCASTLE (1623-1673) 351from Poems and Fancies (1653)

A Dialogue betwixt Learning, and Ignorance , . 351

DOROTHY OSBORNE TEMPLE (1627-1695)' 352from Letters to William Temple

Letter 3 8 January 1653, . 353Letter 28 2 July 1653 354Letter 58 11 February 1654 .. , 354

J O H N BUNYAN (1628-1688) 355from Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners (1666) ' 355

KATHERINE PHILIPS (1631-1664) 358from Poems by the most deservedly Admired Mrs. Katherine Philips,

the matchless Orinda (1667)Friendship's Mystery, To my dearest Lucasia * 358Epitaph On her Son H. P. at St. Syths's" Church where her body also

lies Interred . ' ' ' 359The Virgin 360Upon the graving of her Name upon a Tree in Barnelmes Walks 361To Her Royal Highness the Duchess of York, on her commanding me to

send her some things that I had written • ' 361To the truly competent Judge of Honour, Lucasia, upon a scandalous

Libel made by J. J. . 362To Mrs. Wogan, my Honoured Friend, on the Death of her Husband 363Friendship in Emblem, or the Seal. To my dearest Lucasia 364Otinda to Lucasia 367Parting with Lucasia, A Song 367To Antenor, on a Paper of mine which J. J. threatens to publish to

prejudice him 368

J O H N DRYDEN (1631-1700) •< 369To My Honoured Friend, Dr. Charleton on his learned and useful

Works; and more particularly this of Stone-Henge, by him Restoredto the true Founders (1663) ' ; 370

CONTENTS ix

Mac Flecknoe (1676?) . . • . • 372To the Memory of Mr. Oldham (1684) - . . : .. 378To the Pious Memory of the Accomplished Young Lady Mrs. Anne

Killigrew (1686) An Ode • . . , : .;: , 379A Song for St. Cecilia's Day (1687) < • ••. 384f r o m Fables Ancient a n d Modern ( 1 7 0 0 ) 1 • . • • • . . .

Pygmalion and the Statue 386

J O H N LOCKE (1632-1704) ' • • • " ' 389

from An Essay Concerning the True Original Extent and End ofCivil Government (1690)from Chapter 1 ' "v '390from Chapter 2 Of the State of Nature 390from Chapter 4 Of Slavery • ' ' 392from Chapter 5 Of Property ' ' 393

SAMUEL P E P Y S (1633-1703) 394

from DiaryJuly 1665 396August 1665 ' - 400

THOMAS SPRAT (1635-1713) ,. . 401from The History of the Royal Society (1667) . •

from Part Two, Section XX Their Manner of Discourse t 401

APHRA B E H N ( I 640-1689) . 403

from Poems upon Several Occasions (1684)A Farewell to Celladon, On his Going into Ireland" • ' • 405On a Copy of Verses made in a Dream, and sent to me in a Morning 1

before I was Awake '. 408To my Lady Morland at Tunbridge . \ . v 409The Disappointment 411On a Locket of Hair Wove in a True-Love's Knot, Given Me by Sir R. O: 414An Ode to Love . • 415A Letter to a Brother of the Pen in Tribulation 416

From Lycidus: or'the Lover in Fashion (1688) . . • 'To the Fair Clarinda, Who Made Love to Me, Imagined More

than Woman •.. 418From Miscellany, Being a Collection ..ofPoems by Several-hands (1685)

Epitaph on the Tombstone of a Child, the Last of Seven thatDied before .- ' • • 418

Ovid to Julia. A Letter 419Oroonoko: or, the Royal Slave. A True History (,1688) - - 421

x CONTENTS

JOHN WILMOT, SECOND EARL OF ROCHESTER ( I 647-1680) 461From Poems on Several Occasions (1680?) ' • l -' '

The Imperfect'Enjoyment • ' ] - • 462• • • A Satyr against Reason and Mankind ' 464

The Disabled Debauchee ' 469Lampoon [On the Women about Town] - ' • " 470

vSignior Dildo • ' ' •• 471A Satyr on Charles II 473A Letter from Artemiza in the Town to Chloe in the Country 474

A R C H B I S H O P W I L L I A M K I N G (1650-1729) „ ..•._• 480

from Taxation of Ireland, A.D. 1716 ,.-, 481

J A N E BARKER (1652-c. 1727) . . , 483

, from Poetical Recreations: Consisting of Original Poems, Songs, Odes ,&c.with Several New Translations (1688)To My Young Lover on His Vow 483Absence for a Time 484Parting with 485

LADY MARY CHUDLEIGH (1656-1710) 485from The Ladies' Defence: or, The Bride-Woman's Counsellor Answered:

A Poem in a Dialogue between Sir John Brute, Sir William Loveall, 'Melissaand a Parson (1701) ' " 486

from Poems on Several Occasions (1703) 'To the Ladies 489Friendship ' 490

DANIEL D E F O E (1660-1731) : \ 490from An Essay upon Projects (1698) . !

An Academy for Women .•• . • 491from The True-Born Englishman: A Satire (1700) , '- ' •

Part 1 " • . . . ! 497from Part 2 • ' 506

The Shortest-Way with the Dissenters: Or Proposals for the Establishment ofr . t h e C h u r c h ( 1 7 0 2 ) > . . . . 5 1 2

A True Relation of the Apparition of one Mrs. Veal, The next Day afterHer Death: To One "Mrs: Bargrave at Canterbury. The 8th of September,'1705 (1706) •• • ' 521

from The London Gazette Monday 11 January to Thursday 14 January 1702 ! • 527

A N N E K I L L I G R E W (1660-1685) 528

from Poems (1686) •

Upon the saying my Verses were made by another $2£S

CONTENTS xi

ANNE KINGSMILL FINCH, COUNTESS OF WINCHILSEA(I 661-17 20) • 530from Miscellany Poems (1713) . ; :' H

The Introduction . 531Life's Progress . : 532Adam Posed - 534The Petition for an Absolute Retreat " . • , • ' y 534To the Nightingale . • 541A Poem for the Birth-day of the Right Honourable the Lady • ••

Catharine Tufton . , > •. - .. ' 542The Atheist and the Acorn -; - . . 544

The Unequal Fetters 544The Answer, (to Pope's ̂ Impromptu) , ' • • ' • • . 545The Spleen: A Pindaric Poem (1701; revised 1713) • • 546

DELARIVIERE M A N L E Y ( I 6 6 3 - I - 7 2 4 ) ' •' • • ' 5 4 9

from Secret'-Memoirs and Manners of Several Persons of Quality of Both Sexes.From the New Atalantis, an Island in the Mediterranean (1709) ' 550

T H O M A S B R O W N ( 1 6 6 3 - 1 7 0 4 ) ; 563

from The Letters from the Dead to the Living (1702)From worthy Mrs. Behn the Poetess, to the famous Virgin Actress ' 563

MATTHEW PRIOR (1664-1721) .., 566from Poems on Several Occasions (1718)

To the Honourable Charles Montagu, Esq. , 566The Lady's Looking-Glass . 568The Chameleon 569For my Own Tomb-stone , . 5 7 0[Jinny the Just] , , , .. ...570

MARY ASTELL (1666-173I) , • 573from A Serious Proposal to the Ladies, for the Advancement of their True and .

Greatest Interest. By a Lover of her Sex (1694) , -574

J O N A T H A N S W I F T ( 1 6 6 7 - 1 7 4 5 ) . •' 576

A Tale of a Tub Written for the Universal Improvement of Mankind (1704) •- 578A Modest Proposal for Preventing the Children of Poor People from Being a Burden

to Their Parents or the Country, and for Making Them Beneficial to the Public(1729) ,646

A Description of the Morning (1709) • ' 651

A Beautiful Young N y m p h Going to Bed (1734) . 652

A Description of a City Shower (1710) • •>: - , . . ' . • . 654

Stella's Birth-Day (13 March 1719) > 656

xii CONTENTS

SARAH FYGE EGERTON (i67o?-i722) . 657from Poems on Several Occasions (1703) •

The Power of Love .' 657The Emulation ' 6 5 8

GEORGE CHEYNE (1671-1743) -. . . . 659from The English Malady: or, a Treatise of Nervous Diseases of all Kinds, as •

Spleen, Vapours, Lowness of Spirits, Hypochondriacal Distempers &c. (1733)'Chapter 6 Of the frequency of Nervous Disorders in later years beyond .

what they have been observed in former Times i ' : 659

JOSEPH ADDISON (1672-1719) and RICHARD STEELE (1672-1729)' 663from The Spectator ' . • , -. •

from Number 11 Tuesday, March 13, 1711 [Inkle and Yarico] 664from Number 267 Saturday, January 5, 1712 [The Plot of Paradise Lost] , ,667from Number 279 Saturday, January 19, 1712 [The Sentiments and ,

Language of Paradise Lost] . • * v . , 670

ISAAC W A T T S ( I674-1748) _ 673from Divine Songs Attempted in Easy Language for,the Use of Children (1715)

Against Quarrelling and Fighting " . 673The Sluggard 674

ELIZABETH SINGER R O W E (1674-1737) 674from Poems on Several Occasions (1696)

A Farewell to Love , 6 7 5The Rapture ' 676

MARY MOLESWORTH M O N C K ( i 6 7 7 ? - i 7 i 5 ) ' . 6 7 6from Marinda, Poems and Translations upon Several Occasions (1716)

On the Invention of Letters 677On a Romantic Lady ' ' IX 677On Marinda's Toilette . . . . (,-JJ

from Moccoli -l 'Addressed to Colonel Richard Molesworth 678

from Poems by Eminent Ladies (1755) , . . " ,••Verses Written on her Death-bed at Bath to her Husband in'London 679

J O H N GAY (1685-1732) >: , • . .„ 680", from Poems on Several Occasions (1720)

from Trivia: or, the Art of Walking the Streets of London . , , . . C. Book III Of Walking the Streets by Night . . . . : 681

The Toilette; A Town Ecologue; Lydia . . 691., from Fables (1727) • • . • ! '

CONTENTS xiii

The Turkey and the Ant ' .••'-• - 694' The Man and the Flea , ' ' v 694

ALLAN RAMSAY (1686-1758) . • -, _ i ; , 696

from The Poems of Allan Ramsay (1800) , > . - .; Pol wart on the Green (1721) , , 696

Give Me a Lass with a Lumpof Land (1721) , , . 697

EPHRAIM C H A M B E R S (C. 1680-1740) , . 698

from Some Considerations Offered to the Public, preparatory^ to a second. Edition of,j Cyclopaedia: or, an. Universal Dictionary of Arts ana'Sciences (c. 1738) , 698

ALEXANDER P O P E (1688-1744) 701

The Rape of the Lock. An Heroi-cdmical Poem (1714) 702from The Dunciad Variorum (1729)

Martin Scriblerus, of the Poem 723Dunciados Periocha: or, Arguments to the Books ' 725

Book the First . 725,Of the Characters of Women: An Epistle to a Lady (1735) " 737from The New Dunciad: as it was Found in the Year 1J41

To the ReaderThe Argument _ 744Book the Fourth _ "' 745

from LettersTo Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (1 September 1718) ' ' 763

SAMUEL R I C H A R D S O N (1689-1761) •'• '- 7661 from Letters Written to and for Particular Friends, on the Most Important • •

Occasions, Directing not only the Requisite Style and Forms to be Observed inWriting Familiar Letters; but How to Think and Act Justly and Prudently,in the Common Concerns of Human Life (1741) '

Letter 58 To a Friend, on Occasion of his not answering his Letters ' 766Letter 59 In Answer to the preceding 767Letter 153 From a young Lady in Town to her Aunt in the Country, - ' •

Describing Bethlehem Hospital 767

LADY MARY WORTLEY MONTAGU (1689-1762) 768from Letters of the Right Honourable Lady M—y W—y M—u: Written, during ' •• ' • •

her Travels in Europe, Asia and Africa, To Persons of Distinction, Men of*- ' \ "'• Letters, &c. in different Parts of Europe. Which Contain, Among other' •_ .•-'

Curious Relations, Accounts of the Policy and Manners of the Turks; Drawn :from Sources that have been inaccessible to other Travellers

To the Lady X 769T o t h e L a d y • . , • ' • . - : • • ' / 7 7 F

• [ T o L a d y M a r . ] . <-r ••'" . • • : ' ' 7 7 2

xiv CONTENTS

To Mr. [Alexander] Pope , •• 775. , To Mr. [Alexander] Pope >• 776

The Lover (1721-5) 778The Reasons that Induced Dr. S[wift] to Write a Poem Called the Lady's '

Dressing Room (1732-4) ' 779To the Memory of Mr Congreve (1729?) > •. 781[A Summary of Lord Lyttelton's advice to a Lady] (1731-3) 782

MARY BARBER (1690-1757) • 782from Poems on Several Occasions(1734)

The Conclusion'of ;a Letter to the Rev. Mr. C— ' ' 783A Letter for my Son to one of his School-fellows, Son to Henry ,

Rose, Esq. -( ^84

ELIZA FOWLER HAYWOOD (1693-1756) . 785Fantomina: Or, Love in a Maze (1724) , -. , 7^6

TRIALS AT T H E O L D BAILEY (1722-1727) ,, ' 803from Select Trials at the Sessions House in the Old Bailey (1742)

H J , for a Rape, 1722 , 803Gabriel Lawrence, for Sodomy, April, 1726 . , •- 805Mary Picart, alias Gandon, for Bigamy, June, 1725 807Richard Savage, James Gregory, and William Merchant, for Murder,

Thursday, Dec. 7, 1727 807

JAMES THOMSON (1700-1748) .Winter. A Poem (1726) ,, , . .

STEPHEN D U C K (1705-1756). . . . . .from Poems on Several Subjects (17'30) ,

, from The Thresherls Labouri .

HENRY FIELDING (1705-1,754) • . ,From Miscellanies (1743) , •

ivzm An Essay on Conversation

MARY JONES (d. 1778) . .

from Miscellanies in -Prose and Verse (1750)Soliloquy, on an Empty Purse . .After the Small Pox .,.• _ .Her Epitaph ... . .

SAMUEL J O H N S O N (1709-1784)from The Life of Mr. Richard Savage, Son of the Earl of Rivers (1744)The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749)

i , 8ir812

822

. ,,. 822

' . ' 824

825

, 8 3 3

834835836

836838843

CONTENTS XV

f r o m T h e R a m b l e r •'•. • ~ . ' . - < • ' • . . . i

Number 2 Saturday, 24 March 1750 . / -; :'• - >• •' 852from the Preface to A Dictionary of the English Language.(1755) '." ' • 855

'•The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia (1759) ' 863. from the Preface to The Plays of William Shakespeare (1765) " • 922

from The Lives of the Most Eminent English Poet's (1781)' < •< :

from Milton 930

J O H N A R M S T R O N G M D ( 1 7 0 9 - 1 7 7 9 ) ' v A ' 941

from The Art of Preserving Health: A Poem (1744) -: 941

M A R Y C O L L I E R (fl. 1 7 4 0 - 1 7 6 0 ) ; • : . . . • • , 942

The Woman's Labour: An Epistle to Mr. Stephen Duck; In Answer to hislate Poem, called The Thresher's Labour. . . By Mary Collier, Now a ' , .Washer-Woman, at Petersfield in Hampshire (17'39) •' , ,>\ ; 9 4 3

; ~ ' - • JJ • f ' l 1 • •. 1 r.' .' '

JANE COLLIER (d. 1755) 949

- from An Essay on the Art of Ingeniously Tormenting; with Proper Rules for theExercise of that Pleasant Art (1753) ' .. • . • • • '• 949

M A D A M J O H N S O N 958

from Madam Johnson's Present: Or, the best Instructions For Young Women, InUseful and Universal Knowledge. With A Summary of the late Marriage Act,and Instructions how to marry pursuant thereto (1754) ' 958

D A V I D H U M E ( 1 7 1 1 - 1 7 7 6 ) {'•>, , ^ • . u v . . • 9 5 9

from Essays Moral and Political (1742) .l,!.'s ' ....i.'

Of the Liberty of the Press ' 959

from Essays and Treatises on Several Subjects (1777) , ' '

My Own Life ' . ,,1962

1 - • . . •

THOMAS G R A Y (1716-1771) . . 967

Letter to Richard West Florence, 21 April 1741 968Sonnet [on the Death of Mr. Richard West] (1742) 969Ode on the Death of a Favourite Cat (1748) " 969An Elegy Wrote in a Country Church Yard (1751) " 971The Progress of Poesy: A Pindaric Ode (1768) " ' ' ' ' ' " 974

HORACE W A L P O L E (1717-1797) .. ... , . 978

Letter to Richard West Florence, 4 December 1740 . . • 979Letter to Hannah More Strawberry Hill, 4 November 1789 980

xvi CONTENTS

ELIZABETH CARTER (1717-1806) 983On the Death of Mrs. Rowe (1739) ' 983Ode to Melancholy (1739) • . , . 984To Miss Lynch (1744) =• . • 987To (1753) • ..-, \ • • 988On the Indulgence of Fancy (1770) •, 989

WILLIAM COLLINS (1721-1759) 991from Odes on Several Descriptive and Allegoric Subjects (1747)-

Ode to Fear , 991Ode on the Poetical Character " 993

from A Collection of Poems by Several Hands (1748)

Ode to Evening • • . 995

CATHERINE TALBOT (1721-1770) • = •••• .-•• 997/ from The Rambler •

Number 30 Saturday, 30 June 1750 997

TOBIAS SMOLLETT (172.1-1771) 1000from Travels through France and Italy (1766) • • . 1000

CHRISTOPHER SMART (1722-1771) . 1003

from Jubilate Agno (c. 1758—63)from Fragment A 1004from Fragment B 1004

MARY LEAPOR ( I 7 2 2 - I 746) 1007

from Poems on Several Occasions (1748)

The Month of August ' • ' > 1008• An Epistle to a Lady ' • I O I O

M i r a ' s W i l l •• -••''•• • • ' 1 0 1 1

from Poems on Several Occasions (1751)

An Essay on Woman 1012Crumble-Hall 1014

" Man the Monarch 1018

JOSHUA REYNOLDS (1723-1792) . . . ,1021from Discourse 14 : ,

Delivered to the Students of the- Royal Academy, on the Distributionof the Prizes, 10 December 1788 1021

[The Ironical Discourse] (1791)Sir Joshua's Preface . " ' 1026The Discourse : . . : " 1028

CONTENTS xvii

EDMUND BURKE (1729-1797) * •_; . 1030

from A Philosophical Inquiry into the Origin of our Ideas of the Sublime and the >Beautiful (1759)Part 2, Section 1 Of the Passion caused by tBe-Sublime ' ' ' 1031

Section 2 Terror . • < . . , • 1032Section 3 Obscurity J • 1032Section 4 Of the difference between Clearness and Obscurity with • •

regard to the passions . 1033Section [5] The same subject continued ' ' 1033Section 13 Beautiful objects small 1035Section 14 Smoothness " ^ " 1036Section 15 Gradual Variation 1036Section 16 Delicacy : :" 1037

from Reflections on the Revolution in France, and on the Proceedings in CertainSocieties in London Relative to that Event (1790) _ 1038

OLIVER G O L D S M I T H (1730?-1774) t[ " ' 1 6 5 1

The Revolution in Low Life (1762) v 1052The Deserted Village, A Poem (1770) ., 1054

WILLIAM C O W P E R (17 31-1800) ° ' 1064

On a Goldfinch Starved to Death in his Cage (1782) , . 1065Epitaph on an Hare (1784) , • 1065To the Immortal Memory of the Halibut on which I Dined this Day (1784) .1066The Negro's Complaint (1789) 1067On a Spaniel Called Beau Killing a Young Bird (1793). •• . 1069Beau's Reply . - --,••'..•... •• 1069On the Ice Islands Seen floating in the German Ocean (1799) 1070The Castaway (1799) ' . - 1072

JAMES M A C P H E R S O N (1736-1796) . . , . 1073

from Fingal, an Ancient Epic Poem in Six Books, together with Several otherPoems composed by Ossian, the Son of Fingal, translated from the GaelicLanguage, (.17 62) . , 1074

EDWARD G I B B O N (1737-1794) 1075

j . . from The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1781) ' .„ .,.from Volume II Chapter 23 1076

THOMAS P A I N E (1737-1809) •.. . 1088

from Common Sense (1776) 1088from The American Crisis ( 1 7 7 7 ) '.'"'"'-•.. '•-' r- • • •' •' ' ' 1 6 9 2from The Rights of Man: being an Answer to Mr. Burke's Attack on the French

Revolution ( 1 7 ' 9 1 ) '"'>, • • ••; 1 0 9 3

xviii CONTENTS

JAMES BOSWELL (1740-1795) - . . • 1095

from The Life of Dr. Samuel Johnson, LL 0 (1791) • . 1096

HESTER LYNCH THRALE PIOZZI (1741-1821) 1109

from Anecdotes of the Late Samuel Johnson LL D during the Last Twenty Yearsof his Life (1786) i. , , mo

from Correspondence with Samuel Johnson,(1.773—.5) • 1112

ANNA LAETITIA AIKEN BARBAULD (1743-1825) . , 1114from Poems (1792)

The Mouse's Petition 1114Verses Written in an Alcove 1116

from the Monthly Magazine (1797)

Washing-Day . c I,II7

OLAUDAH EQUIANO (i745?-i797) 1119

from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or GustavusVassa, the African (1789) 1120

H E N R Y M A C K E N Z I E (1745-1831) 1131

from The Man of Feeling (1771) , 1131

H A N N A H MORE (1745-1833) '' . . J I 3 4from Sensibility (1782) '• • ' 1135from The Slave Trade (1790) ' ' 1136

CHARLOTTE SMITH (1749-1806) ! " - • 1140from Elegiac Sonnets and Other Poems (1784; revised 1800)

To Hope '•'- ! • - . I I 4 0

To Friendship 1 • • 1140The Laplander 1141Written Near a Port on a Dark Evening ' 1141

MARY SCOTT (ft. 1774-1788) • '• "1142', from The Female Advocate: A Poem Occasioned by Reading Mr. Duncombe's

Feminead (1774) 1142

FRANCES BURNEY (LATER D'ARBLAY) (1752-1840) • ; 1144from Journals and Letters »•

27-8 March 1777 1145'• 22 March 1812 . , H47

THOMAS CHATTERTON (1752-1770) - , , 1156

from Poems, Supposed to have, been Written at Bristol, By Thomas Rowley, andOthers, in the Fifteenth Century (1777) , , 1An Excelente Balade of Charitie 1157

CONTENTS xix

GEORGE CRABBE (1754-1832) 1160from The Village: A Poem in Two Books (1783) 1160

A N N CROMARTIE YEARSLEY (1756-1806) 1164from Poems on Several Occasions (1785). /• \ ;' ; . ''

On Mrs. Montagu 1165from Poems on Various Subjects (1787)

To Indifference 1167To those who accuse the Author of Ingratitude 1168

WILLIAM BLAKE (1757-1827) 1169from Songs of Innocence (1789)

Introduction 1170The Lamb 1170The Little Black Boy 1171The Chimney Sweeper 1171Holy Thursday 1172Infant Joy . . •-T 1172

from Songs of Experience ( 1 7 9 4 ) ~~ '- . ' '. ' • /•'• ' '••

I n t r o d u c t i o n 1 1 7 3

H o l y T h u r s d a y i •> . . . 1 1 7 3

T h e C h i m n e y S w e e p e r . • - . . • • • * 1,174

T h e T y g e r ' j r- : , 1 1 7 4

A h ! S u n - F l o w e r ; ( -.:. - . H 7 5

R O B E R T B U R N S ( 1 7 5 9 - 1 7 9 6 ) >\'-">* . ' ' ' 1 1 7 5

f r o m P o e m s , Chiefly i n t h e S c o t t i s h D i a l e c t ( 1 7 8 6 ) . ; . ' , ! . . :• -

Epistle to Davie, a Brother Poet ' 'i~ '• 1- • • ' 1176To a Mouse, on Turning her up in her Nest, with the Plough,. '. '.

November 1785 r < -\ ., ' - ;. ' -1180Address to the Deil - K ., t ' ,. ; 1:1181

MARY W O L L S T O N E C R A F T G O D W I N (1759—1797) • ^'' 11-85

from A Vindication of the Rights of Men, in a Leiter'-to the Right Honourable

Edmund Burke; occasioned by his -Reflections on the Revolution in France •-• (1790) . ' • f 1186

' . . - : . - . • : , . . . , . • • : N - , . .

Bibliography . • 1188

Index of Titles and First Lines " • '1192

Index to the Introductions and Footnotes "l • 1198