rJIABA XVIII.

B a :H: l! a p R H.

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ill yMarn;lli ropanrli IIO'l'OR'h, YKPOMH:hlit

J11icaoli py'leii:, oJiecT.amee osepo rrpHaa.n;­JreJRa'r'b eMy B'b panaoll: c•rerreau, KaK'h n OTKPhl'l'aJI oOJihiiiaH })1lRa, saJJHB'b n MOpe, no KOTopoMy IIJiaBaiOT'h ooJrhruia cy.n;a ; eMy He npeiiJITC'l'ByeT'b IIITIIJib7 eMy ITOMOraeT'b CB'BlKifi opH3'b 7 1I ITOCJirB y,n;OBOJibC'fBifi H npmtJIID'leaiii .u;aa, MuHia-r•ropaoe cy.n;e­HhllllKO cJJymu'l"b eMy rroc•reJibTO.

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BAR ,u; A p K H. 65

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IlpOirsne;n;eHieM'b non1l:Hrnaro npeMenii SB~'I.He'l'CS 6aii;a;a pr\.a TIIIra n Cassie", IT06f.­/J;T1TeJihBRI~bl B'b Hnro-IoprwKol'r roHK1> Ba 6oKaJI'b 1886 r. 8To nrroJia1> conpeMeBaa.H 6aiJ:.n;apKa u MOiR6T'b 6LITb pa3CMaTpnnaellm, KaK'b ITJIO)l;'b II3yqeRiJI K OITbfTa, npio6prB­'reHaaro nJia;a;·n JibTI;eM'b n KOCTPYKTOpOM'b es C . B. Vauf B'b Te11eaie Maornx'b JI-l:.·n. n Cassie" ITOCTpoena B'b rro,n;qn:aeain orpa­HllllllBarorn;aM'b ycJIOBiJIM'b TaK'b na3oiBaeMaro ,,Ameri" an Canoe Association" (AMepnKan-

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B A ll)l; A P K H. 73

rrpeKpacsnu!npuM-Bpu roHOl!liOH rr nporyJio'l- Baro .n;epeBa. ,I.l;JIJI CKpf.rmesiH: cJiyJRaT'b: y Hoil6ai1.n;apKu, 'l'ai{'h 'ITO Bcer;n;a 1\fO:I~HO peKo- IIITeBireii- JReJI•roH: l\I'EJ~II rnypynbr )l;JIHHOlO MeH)l;OBa'l'h HOC'l'pORKY cy;n;oB'b 110 6.ll qep- 5/g", B'b KHJif. - SaKJiellKH; B'b npO'IUX'I> TejKy. traC'l'.liX'b- HareJIJI1 TO II l~pyroe KpacHOR

3.n;i:>cb iKe ;n;aeM'T:> omwasie 6au;n;apKrr aH- M'B.n;rr; KOH:o;hl uareJieH: aaKJienb!BaroTcJI. PyM­rJiiii:cKaro rrpoucxom;n;eaiJI, nso6pam:etmo:i:f rreJih-TaJUI rrpoxo.n;JIT'h CKB03b lld3)l;HLIJI Tpy­Ha rrp:aJiaraeMOllf'b pucyHK-li ( cTp. 79), IWTO- 6o'IKH, npoBe.n;eHRbiJI OT'b axTepmTeBH.H rro.n;'b pa.ll MOiiWT'b CJIYiiCIITh rrpuMf.pOM'b ynO'l'pe6rr- rraJiyoo:ff1 rrpUOJHI3li.TeJibHO Ha pa3CTOJIHiH TeJibHOH oafi;n;apKH ,cpe.n;H.<IrO •rrma". 0Ha BO l!;BYX'b tPYT'b 1 l't'b rrepe;n;He~ry ROHIW KOK­BCiX'b o·rHOIIIeHiJIX'b 6LicTpoe cy.n;Ho, aa rw- mu•a, r;:rs Haxo.n;rr'l'CJI HOmHoii PYJib; uo­'l'OPOM'b JrerKo rpec'l'II 11., 6Jiaro.n:a p.a cBoell: CJI'B.n;Hili rrpu6op·b, no JReJraHiiO, MO}J{eT'b llliipHHi nMf.eT'b IIO.Jl:'h rrapycaMll. sHa'lii'l'eJib- OLI'l'I, rro.n;BHHYT'b B3a.n;'b HJIH Birepe.n;'b n HYIO Ha'laJibHYIO OCTOH'IHBOCTb, rro3BOJIJIIO- y.n:ep}J{HBaeTCJI B'I> Ha.n;Jiemar:o;eM'l> IIOJIO}J{eHi:a r:o;yro cy.n;ay HeCTU rrpu CBrf>iK81\l'b B-liTP'll1 063'b KOpOTKOll CHaCTO'lK.OH. MaJirUHlllaro Hey.n;o6cTBa, napycoB'b O'l''b 48 ,z~;o RpyrJioe OTBepcTie B'b HIImHeii: rraJiy613 54 KB. <f>Y'l''b. B eaorracHOCTh cy.n;Ha aaaqu- CJIY}J{HT'b )l;JI.ff BbloupaHiJI H3'b cy,n:Ha BO)l;I>I 'l'eJrT:.HO yBeJIII'IeHa, 6Jiaro.n:ap.n ycTpoiic·l'BY IIOMOI:o;b.IO ry6Kn. crrepe;n;u u csa,n:u ReupoHnr:(aeMJ:UX'b nepe6o- Parle 'l-lilll'b KOH~HITh o6sopu aMepiiKaH­poR.·r:.. TI•rOOLI HM'B'l'b OOJibllle Mf.CTa )l;JIJl CKHX'b KOHC'l'PYEIJ;ili, o6pa'l'IIMCJl K'I> IIOCJirB)l;­YKJia)(Kli Beiii,eli , aa.n;HHSI rrepe6opEa cHao- HHM'b rrporrsBe.n;eniJIM'h aTOH IIIKOJibi. :-1~eHa BO.n;oaerrpoHn:o;aeMoi:i ,n:aep:o;el'L 1886 ro.n;'I>, C'l'OJib BamHI>Iil .n;JI.a .n;aJlbH-lir':J-

Ili·I'eBH.a n RIIJih c;:r'BJiaHDI u s'b ;w6a B'b ,n:JIJl lllaro pasBJITiR 6aw.n:apol!Haro cuop'l'a, rrpu-7/16"; BDico·raEHJIJI,P/ 4",e.n;Ba-Jili .n;oc'l'aToqaa.H aec'b C'b co6oli croprrpnB'b ;:(ante )l;JIJI rrpn ­YC'l'paHeBiJI .n;petilf>a; rrosTOMY ODIJio-6:or iKe- Boi'lHI>IX'b It'b qpesBbl'laHHO OhlcTpo B03Hll­JiaT6JibHO .n;o6aBHTb K'l> ero BDICO'l"B em;e 111 R.a.IOIIIHM'I> HOBOBBeJ~eHi.Hlii'b JIHEH. IIo cJiy~raro u yBemPm'rb corJiacao aToMy PYJib, IIJirr-me OOJihlllOro, eiKero.n;Ho C03DIBaeMaro MIITHHra, )l;OC'l'IIrHyTb HeOOXO)l;Hl\lOH IIJIOU(a)l;H IIO.Jl:BO)l;- IIOJIBJieHie CBOeoopaaHaro HOBaro cy,n:Ha HOH '!aCTII rrocTaHOBEOii 'l'OHKaro MeTaJrJiu- rrpoH3BeJIO OOJibmyro ceaca:o;iro, 'lvBM'b 6oJI13e, l!eCI{aro Bhl)l;BliiKHoro KHJIJI. I\.HJrbCOH'b 1 mn- 'l'ro BJla,n:-B.:reu'I> ero npem.n:e HIIEor~a He pnHOIO 2 v H 'l'OJII:o;HHOlO 1

/ /' 'l'aKme )~y6o- rraCTBOBaJI'b Ha OOJiblllHX'b rOHKaX'b II HMJI Bhllli BHYTPH upoAOJibHI:Je peliEH J{e.n:ponhle. ero B'I> Mipf, cnop'l'a ITO'l'l'II COBCTIM'b ae Ha 'IepTeiK{?. noEa3aHa o6mnBr~a I~pOMita rra 61>1JIO nsBf.c·PHO. C'J, yJ~;HBJieHieM'h CMOTp13Jm, ltpOMKY II B'b rJJa)~J, , H01 Hawspuo, o6m;e- I\.al~'b Hlt:3KOe1 C'l'pOUHOe cyi(H0 1 C'h IIpll­yuo•rpeom•eJihHaJI na 6ail,I~apKaX'b o6IDnBKa lfY/~JIHBbiM'b Boopya<eHieM'I> o6roH.l'IJIO Bci EpO~flta Ha EpOMRy, ORaSaJiaCb-Ohl 'l'artilte rrpeiRHiiT ,CB'B'l'UJJa". y,IW IIO 11CTeY:eHili I('BJiecoo6pasaoH:. l'JranHoe rrpeuMyr:o;ec'l'BO rrepnLIX'h J(Byxrh MHHY'l"b, ono BhiiiiJIO H8'b rrocTpoliRa KpOMKa na rtpoMr~y npoTUB'I> ·rf.cHOH KY'HUI IWEmypeH'l'OB'b, C'l'aJIO BO llOC'l'p0HKI1 B'h rJial!;b, COC'l'OH'l"h B'b JIJIO'l'- j rJiaB-f> IIX'b II yneJIIPII1BaJJO pa3C'l'0JlHie ROC'l'II IIason'I>; cy,n:Ho •rr:o;a'l'eJJI,HO nOC'l'poea- .n;o ca111aro IWHI~a rOBKII . 8To 6DI.ll'b rrep­aoe n o 8'l'OMY cnoco6 y 'IpesBhl'lai'mo P'B.J.KO Bhlt i rro6-B.n;oHOCHLIH .n;e6Io'l''b ,Pecowsic". uoJiyqaeT'b ·reqb, 06UJHBHEIJI ~ocrui .acHeBLIJI IIoHRTHO, 'ITO TaKoii: ycirBX'b 'IpesBhi'laffso n Jm J(YOOBLIJI, IDnpuHoro 11 j 16" , TOJII:o;HHOIO Boa6y)(II.JI'b mo6oiihl'l'C'l'BO. ,Pecowsic" c.n;·n-1 / /, npiablna.IOTCJI B'I> m·renHu n npnEp-B- JiaJicJI rrpe)(MerrOM'b nceo6I.IJ;aro y;n;IIBJieHiJI, llJI.liiOTCJI K'b HIIM'b BliHTaMII. Ilirrasroy•rni BC'B ,:~yMaJIII Haii'l'H 'ITO JHIOO OCOOeHHOe H Ra pa3C'l'OJIHill. 83

/ / 'l'aKJIW .n;yoOBhle; 'l'OJIII(H- BCrR qpe3BhllfaHRO pa30tiapoBaJifiCb 1 KOr.n;a a a l!X'I, y KHJIR 1", cxo;:~wr'b EBepxy aa 5

/ 1 / . rrprr 6Jm}J{a1irneM'b pancMO'l'piHiH ne tralllJIOCh HmltH.li.H naJry6a H3'b 1 j/' ;n;ocOK'bi npHBaJJ:n- HII o.n;Horo oco6errHaro BcrroMora·reJibHaro Rhle 6pyc:nR ruupuHoll B'b 1", B'b cepe.a;nHon cpe,n:cTna. Ha1Ip0'1'HB'b, BoopymeHie cy,n:aa TOJim;Haoro 3F', Ha EOH:o;ax'b 5

/ 1/. BnMchl 1l ycTpon cTBO ero IIapycoB'b OhTJIH nopasn-11.3'1> 1

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10

74 BAHJJ;APKH.

11Pecowsic" BO MHOI'MX'h OTHOUJeHiSX'h MOJiteT'b CliHTa'l':bCJI IIOpOJit;IJ;eHieM'b aMepH­KaHCKOH IIJKOJIIii. IIprrHn,nrr'I>, rrpn Ma;neRI>­KOM'b BO;IJ;OH3Mf>m;effin H HeOOJI:blllOM'b na­pyc{; ;IJ;OCTRli:b B03MOiRH1>:iime:ii CKOpOCTH 1

3;IJ;i>C:b ;IJ;OBe;n;eH'b nOliTH )1;0 rpaHHll,'b B03-MOJimaro; sa TO Ra 6esonacaocTI> n y;n;o6-CTBa He ooparn;eHO Rll MaJI'BHIDaro BHH­MaHiJI.

,Pecowsic" IIOCTpOeH'I:. H3Bi>CTHiiiM'b B'b AMepHRi> cTponTeJieM'I> 6an;n;apoK'1> B'b Glens Falls F. Joyner'OM'b, no yKasaHiJIM'I> BJia­;n;il;ni>n;a r. Barney. RaK'b n OOJII>IDHHCTBO 6a:H;n;apOK'b HOB1>ii:maroBpeMeHJI, ,Pecowsic" rrocTpoeH'b B'b rJia,ni>. Biii;n;BnmHo::H KHJII> cn­CTeMI>I ,Atwood" ,naeT'b ;IJ;OCTaTOliHYIO nJIO­m;a;n;I> 6oKOBoro corrpo'l'HBJieHiJI.

1JTO KacaeTCJI JIHHi:ii, TO ,Pecowsic" BO­BCe He nOCTpOeH'b B'b TaROM'b KpaHH8M'b HanpaBJieHiH, KaKoro MOJKHO OI>IJIO 6nr oJim­;n;aTI>, coo6pasysrci> C'b ero xo;n;oM'I:.j ceKpeT'b ero 6oJII>IITOH cKopocTn Hy.mao ncKaTI> B'b

cosepmeHHO ll;pyroM'I> Mi>cTi>, KaK'b Mhl no­Ka:>ReM'b HHJite. B'I:. r;nasa 6pocaeTCJI pasB-B 'l'OJI:bKO llO;rT;HHMaiOill,eec.H B'b OKOH8liHOCTJIX'b IJ:HO, IWTOpoe BHpa}KaeT'I:. C'l'peMJieHie o6pa-30BaT:b no B03MOJRHOCTU MeHI>mee BO;IJ;OH3-Mi>rn;eaie R ;n;ocTnrayTI> OCTOHliHBOCTH TOJII>KO T1>M'1> 1 liTO lieJIOBi>K'I:. ca;n;IITC.H Ha rra;ny6y. BaTepJIHHirr nM1>IOT'b Ty-Jite, o6:onayro II y ;n;pyrnX'b aMepnKaHCKIIX'b 6aii;n;apOK'b1 BO­I'HYTOC'f:b H HHCKOJI:OKO He OTJIRliaiOTC.H OT'b npe,RHHX'b liepTeJReif.

3a TO saalinTeJI:oHoe oTcTyrrJieHie npe;n;­cTaBJIJieT'b pa3Milmeaie B:hl;rT;BHJitBOI'O KHJI.H, B'I> 8TOM'b OTIIomeai:a BJm.;n;il;nen,·I> coBep­IIIeHHO OTKa3aJIC.H OT'b rrpiiHIJ;RIIa He ;n;flJia•r:o R3'b 6aii;n;apKn rOHO'IHOH MaUJRHH H BbiiiOJr­HRJI'J, CBOIO M;IJ;eiO B'b npRMOll yrn;epO'b KOM­<f>opTy 1 IIOM'BCTHB'b BH;rT;BHJitHOH KRJI:b nO cpe)J.IIRoB ;r~;iaMeTpaJII>HOfi IIJIOCKOCTI11 B'I> TOM'!. Mi>CTi>, r;n;i> OR'!:. 0l{a3:0IBaeTCJI HaHOOJii>e ;rr,fl:ii­CTBHTeJI:o HbiM'I:. ,

ToliHO TaKoe Jite OTcTyn;neaie npe)~CTaB­JI.HeT'b ycTpOHCTBO O;li;HOI'O TOJI:bKO B03;IJ;YIII­Haro JIIII;HKa; TaKOI'O po;n;a II piiCUOCOOJieHie 1

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Bonpoc'I>, lli>M'I:. me, co6cTBeHHO rosops,

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o6srsaH'b 1 KaK'b Bn;n;ao ns'I> o;nrrma:Hmaro pa3CM0Tpi>ai.H rOHO'IB:hlX'b ;rr,aHHiiTX'b1 rJiaB­HhlM'b o6pasoM'I:., cnoco6HocTH ;n;epJitaTI>C.H KPYTO K'I:. B1>Tpy , TaR'!. KaK'b rrOJIFI:OIMII KypcaMII ,Vesper", ,Cassie" n ;n;p . pas BrrBamr TY me CKOpocTI>. IIpenMym:ecTsa, CJii>;IJ;OBaTeJI:bHO 1 ;IJ;OJIJRH:bl 3aKJIIOlia'l':OCJI B'h lieM'I:. JIHOO ;n;pyrOM'b 1 H ;n;i>:iiCTBHTeJihH01

npaBHJII>Hi>e scero 6y;n;eT'b ncKaTI> npn­liRH:or 6HcTpoxo;r~;aocTn B'b OTJIHliHO c·roH­m:ax'b n npesocxo;n;Ho ;n;iliicTByrom;TIX'b napy­cax'I>.

BoopyJReHie Pecowsic 'a, liTO KacaeTCJI <{>opM:or rrapycon'I>, He HOBO, HO crroco6'1., KaKHM'b o6pasOM'b napyc'I:. ,6apaHI>e 6e;n;po" (leg of mutton), KaK'b ero sonyT'h B'I:. AMe­pnKfl, IIpRMrBH8H'b 3)1;i>CI>-COBepmeRHO CBOe­OOpaseH'b. ;II;o CHX'h nop'I>, Boopy.meHie ncer;n;a OTJIH'IaJIOC:b Ti>M'b H8)1;0CTaTKOM'b , liTO na­p yo'!. 1 rrpn )l;OBOJI:OHO BbiCOKOH Ma 'lTf:>, HMi>JI'b cpaBHHTeJihHO MaJieHhKYIO rrJrom;a;n;I> n O:hlJI'b Hey;n;o6ea'J> rrpn no;n;'I:.eMi> n cnycK'B, TaK'b KaK'h cerapc:nr ;nerKo safl;n;a;no aa cnJibHO yTOH'IeaHoii KBepxy MalJ:•r·'B n, RpoMi> '!'Oro, pn({>n MO)RHO OOTJIO 6paT:o ;n;aJrerw ae y;n;oBJie­TBOpnTeJI:o HO.

Bee 8TO ncrrHTaTI> npnmJIOCh II F. Barney, ;II;JI.H Ha'laJia liHCJIO 06:nm.HOB8HHO nO)J.HH­MaeMI:lX'b napycoB'I> O:hlJIO B03BnrmeHo ;n;o TpeX'b, H TaKHM'b o6pa30M'b no;nyqeHa JIJIO· rn;a;u:I>, ;n;ocTaTO'IHO 6oJr:omasr ;n;;nsr c;na6aro si>Tpa . Xopome:H rrocTaHOBKII napyca ;n;oc­Tnr;nn BBe;u:eHieM'b n poMeJRy•rOliHhlX'h pe::H­KOB'I:.. ;IJ;pyrie ;IJ;Ba He;n;OCTaTKa-Hey;n;OOCTBO no;n;'I:.eMa II cnycRa rrapycon'h n saTpy;n;ae­a1JI, rrpe;n;cTaB.JIJieMHJI pn<p;nea1eM'h, - Be TaR'!. JierKO O:hlJIO ycTpaHHTh; HO HaKoaeD;'b HamJili ncxo;n;'h, MaxayB'h pyKo:ll: Ha se-E 'l'pa;n;nrdn II rrpHKprBIIHB'b napyc'b K'b MaliTrB TaK'b, 'ITO soo6rn,e HeJII>3.H 6paT:o pn({>OR'I>; npHc­noco6JieHiJI }Ke ;rT;JIJI pMq)JieaiJI ODTJIH saMfl­HeHH BrBCKOJihKHMH napycaMH pa3HOH Be­JIH'IHHDT. BM1>CTO Toro, CJI1>;n;onaTeJri>H0 1 l!T0-6or pn({>II'PhC.H, npOCTO y6n:paJIH O;l(HH'h HJrH HrBCKOJihKO rrapycOB'b BMrBCn C'b BX'b Mali­TaMII H 3aMrBH.HJIH RX'b ;rr,pyrHMH1 JiteJiaeMO:fi rrJiorn,a,nii. OnHT'b rroKaa:omaeT'b, 'ITO nsr•rn napycoll'b ;TT;OCTa'l'O~HO, liTOODI rrpnHapOBHT:b

B A a ,11; A l' R 11. 75

llJIOlll.a)l;h IIX'h K'h pa3JII:I'IHOH CHJI'B B'B1'pa. PasM'BPhl nx'h BH,IJ;B.hl H3'h HHjl(eCJl'B,ll.yroru.eii Ta6mJT(hl:

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16

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76

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,n:;rr.a rroM-BmeHiJI 6amrac·ra n Bo oco6eHHOCTFI 3TO crrpane;IJ;JIIIBO .IJ;JI.fl 6aii;~apoKo . Ho 'I'l'06nr cy,n,HO BCe-TaKU OC'raBaJIOCo rrepeHOCH:biM'b u y;IJ;o6aEIM'b rrpu rrepeno3K'B no meJit.saoii .n.oporl> IIJIH Ba rrapoxo;rru, Heo6xo;J.u:Mo KTIJib ;IJ;'BJia'l'h C'b8MHI:i!M'b . ,Il;JI~I 8'l'IIX'b II;'B,!IeH OJ\.a­saJ!OCb necoMa rrpnro)~HhiMo yc'I•polic•rno, nrrepnh!e yrroTpe6JieHaoe a a rJiilicKHM'h JII0-6II'l'eJieM'h rl'r ewden H RO'l'Opoe DIIOCJI'B,!l,C'l'Bi!i r. Baden-Powell rrpnsaaJI'b nprrro)~HhlM'h H ,!l,OCTOllBhiM'b IIO,!l,pa)f~aHi.a . Y C'I'pOHC'l'BO C'b8M­aaro K 11JIJI COCTOll'l"h I13'b MeTaJIJIH'leCKOH 'I'py6 hl, crrycKaroo~e.U CJI O'l'o rraJiy6r;r qepes'h .HID;HK'b Dhl,!l,lliiJKHOI'O l{JlJl.li BllJIOTb ,1l0 ID;eJIH B'h rroc·roJIHHOM'h KIIJI-B . R'h HHiKBeMy rwa.u;y 8TOH •rpy6EI npu;~'BJraaa IIJlOCKaJI crw6a, Me:Hi;IJ;Y pa3BHJliii:laMH KO'ropoii rrpT·IKp'BilJI8H'b rroMOIIJ.hiO 6oJI•ra BEI)~BmKROH IWJih. T py6a CO CK060J't y )(8piKIIBaiQTCJl Bb Ha)Vl8iKaW.8M'h

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EcJur, CJI'B,U:OBa'l'eJibHO , KaRHM'b-6T:ii 'l'O Hli 6T:iiJIO o6pa30M'b ayJI,HO nepenesTrr cy.n.ao, Banp., Bhl'l'alli.H'l'b ero l13'b BO,!l,hi H rrepe­aec'l'H D'b caparr, O'l'npaBH'l'b ero no )K8JI'B3-HOH .n.opor·ll H •r. .u. ., To y,n,aJIJIIO'l''h H3'b Hero 6amiaCT'b l1 Bhl)~Blii!-:BOU KHJih, II sa•r1>M'b yjKe rrepeBocr\.a MO/KeT'h 6EI'l'h npoHsne,n,eBa 6es'h oco6eBaaro aanpmKeHi.a .

Y C'I'policTBO no;IJ;'heMBaro PYJJJI .swao H3'h qep1•ema ( C'l'P . 81); n y HKTHpaan nmi.a o6osaa­'!aeT'h nOJIOaceaie ero B'b IIO,!l,B.fl'l'OM'b Bll)~'B . IIoJib3a ,rrpou:cTeKarow.aJI H3'h •raKoro y cTpoil:­c·rna , necb Ma MBOrOC'l'OpoHHHJI . Bb16opOM'h .n.o­BOJihHO oOJihlllOro pYJl.fl npe,n,C'l'aBJIJ18TCJ-J Bos ­MOJKHOC'l'h ITO jKeJiaHiiO H3M'lmJI'l'b IIJIOCROCTb 6 0KOBOI'O C011p0'l'I:IBJI8Hi.fl 6ail,u:apr<H1 q'l'O

llM'Be'l''b 60JihiliYIO u,1>By ,!l,Jl.H TaKOI'O ,!l,JIIIHBaro u MeJmaro cy,n,aa . 'J.1aK'b, Banp . , n:;~JI C'b 6oJib­lllOIO 6usaahiO, cy,n,ao JierKo 6y.n.e'l''b nN6·l;­r a'l'h Ba B;BTeP'b i noTpanmmaHieM'b P YJIJI Jiei'RO llCil paBli'l'h 8'l'O'l''b H€](0C'l'a'l'OK'b1 '!'ai\.'h

KaR'b U:€H'l'p'b 60KOBOI'O ,n,al3JleHiJI rrepe,n,Bll­He'l'CJI B'b ROpMy. Hpa K y pdi <}JOp)~8BllH;IJ;'b ll B006rn;e rrpu nOJIHhlX'h Kypcax'h , Bhl;IJ;BII~~­BOH RllJih conciM'h rro,n,HMMaro•l''h, p yJIJI o•r­,n,aroT'h H 1 TaKUM'b o6pa 30M'b1 IIOJiyYaiO'l''I> crroRoliaEili u rrpiH'l'HEiil xo,n,'h. RpoM'B Toro , rro,n,'heMH:nrii: PYJib o6Jia,D;ae'l''h ern;e O)l.HIIM'h Ita'l€C'l'BO:M'I> 1 C06C'l'B8BHO ll TIO.tJ;aBlllliM'b B'b

rrepnh!rr pas'b rrono,n,'b I\.'b nne,n,eairo ero. IIp 11: xo.n."B a a BOJIH'B qac'l'O Ba6JIIo,n,ae'l'CJI

'l'aRoro po~~a .qnJieai e, 'ITO 6aii.n.apRa cpop'h IIJIII aX'l'€piU'l'€BHeM'b COBepiii8BBO Bl>IXO)J.ll'l''b l13'h BO)(bi. 06EIRHOBeHHii!H PYJih •ror)J.a o•r ­r<assmaeTCH O'l"h .n.l>iicTBiJI, 6al':l:,n,apr<a BCJicB,!l,­C'l'Bi e 3'l'Oro rrpnno,n,aT'h R'h B'B'l'py , c·raao­BHTCJI JieneR'l'HK'b u qac•ro 'l'ep.He'I''h necr, cnofr xo,n,'h. 8·ro, r<at\.'h mmflc'l'HO BCHKOMY rrapycanKy, RpliTIJ:qecKiH MO.IvieB'l''b , 'laC'l'O paBBOCHJlbH:blii BOnpocy 6EI'l'b IIJIII Be 6hl'l'h. EcJIH He y;IJ;ae·rc.a ynaJil:l'l'bCJI, IIO'l'paBim'h 6asaab u rrO)J.T.llHYB'I, rpoTa, 'l'O cy.n.ao 6en­rroMorn;ao MO'l'ae·rcJI Ba BOJia1!, noKa BeOi iOI ­

.n.aaBEiii: rropnmo a e P 'Blllll'l''b ycraCTb Jiroou­TeJia . rror;~a eMy BIIpO,!l,OJJjK8Hil1 IIOCJd >,n,yro­

lll,elY qe·rBepTH '!aca, n ·'BpoJI•rao, rrpe;~c'l'a­BHTCJI CJiyY:aii .Ba rrpai\.'l'HRfl y6'B)~U'l'bC.li B'J, aeBa,n,enmoc'l'II cnoell. 6a1l,n,apRn IIJJII-:i:Ke sa­

aaThCJI cpu.;:rococpcrmM'h pasc y ji'.U.eHi eM'h o np ITI'O,!l,BOC'l'H npo6 rWBblX'b CITaCa 'l'€JlhHblX'b IIO.llCOB'b. :KTO ITOJlo 3yeTC.li IIO,!l,'heMI:lbiM'b py­Ji eM'b1 'l'O'l''b MeR-Be IIO,D;Bep }K8H'h 'l'aRHM'b He-60JiblliHM'J, , He BXOJJ;JIUJ.!lM'b BT, npo rpaMMY, HHD;ll,!l,eH'l'aM'b7 'l 'aK'h KaH.'b Hll3IW crrycKaiO­rn;iHCJ-1 }) YJih II03BOJIJI8'f'b yrrpaBJIJITIJ UM'b .n.anw •ror.n.a, rwr ,n,a ncJI rwpMoBaJI 'IaCTb 6all.­.il,aprw BEimJla H3'b BO;IJ; r,r. Ooo6rn;eaie pyM­ne.;rJI C'b BOiKHhiM'h arroap aTOM'h nporrsno­AHTC.ll Ill'l'ep•r aMU H3'b 'l'pOca HJlli TOBKOll rrpOBOJIORH, HJIH -iKe npu IJOMOID;II 'l'OHIHIX'b u,flnoqeK'h 1 KOTOpEI.li npOXO)~.HT'b CKB03b lllKHBhi B 'b rrepe,n,HeH 'JaC'l'll ROKIIH'l'a 7 'l'J' 'l ''b­}l{e1 nO,!l,'b rraJry6on nOBOpaY:aBaiOT'b o opaTBO u coe.D;IIEIJIIOTC.li C'b o6·£nMn BflTB.liMn P YJie­BOro anrrapa'l'a .

IIprraa,n,JieiKHOC'l'JIMK-}Ke cy.n.aa ,n,OJI)KRO C'!H­

Ta'l'b ,n,na cocy,n,a , no ~opM-B cnoeii npncrro­co6Jieash!e R'h rroM·lnll,eHiro rro o6·'B cTopoahi Bhi)J.BH)KHOro RHJIJI. IIpii aKcKypciJIX'h o,n,aa'L IIS'h Hl1X'h CJJy:rnl'l"h ,!l,JI.li HaJIHBKH IIP'BCHOIO BO,!l,Ol01 ,n,pyroii- :a<e HallOJIHJieTCJI 'l'OnJIHBOM'b : rrepOCHHOM'b H 'l' . II. 8TH COCYJ~hl, BM'BCTi> C'h Bbl;IJ;lllDI<Hbl.M'b I\.HJieM'h ll ,!l,BYM.fl M1>IIJI\.aMH

C'b J~po6h10, CJJY}Ka'l''b 6 au,n,apRfl 6aJlJJaC'l'OM'b. IIoJIHEill B'BC'h 6aJIJtac·ra 'l'aKUl\l'h o6 pasOM'h

COC'l'aBJIJie'l''b OT'b 192 )~0 198 cpyH'l'OB'b 7 113'!, RO~l'Opb!X'b Ha ,U:OJitO Bhl;IJ;BTIJKHOI'O KHJI.ll na­JJ.ae'l''b O'l''b 60 ,!1,0 63 cpyH'l'OB'b1 Ha ,!l,OJIIO M'BUJKOB'b C'b .n;po6 biO 49 <}JyHTOB'b II O'l''b 83 )1.0 86 cpyHTOB'b - Ba ;IJ;OJIIO cocy,n,OB'b l (Jl.ll mH,n,Ka.ro rpysa .

D7rAPK1L BAR'"' 79

80

II paJiaraeMhTU puc yaoK'I:. uao6 paJI\ae'l''b, 'Iep't'eJI>.'b ua p ycaoc't'II Nautilus' a. lioJmaa UJIOIII;a;n;E> co;n;epmH'l''b 85 RB. ~Y'l'bi 113'1> HHX'b rpo·rn-70 RB. ~Y'l''b n 6uaaaE> 15 rm. <!JyTn. q'rOOhl J\ep:a~a'l'b IIOJIHhle rra pyca B'b CB'BJRirr B'BTepn, IIOJIOiimMn B'b 4 OaJIJia, aeo6xo;n;HMO aarpyau'l'b necE> 6aJ1Jiac·rn n.:S-

Ma'l'eJibHOM'b paam.w•rpf.aia 'l'O'l''Iac'I.-:ate cTa­He'l''b .acao, '1'1'0 uor{aaaasndi: aa qepTe}K{; Bhl;IJ;BJ:I:il\HOH IU:I:J1b rrpnmJJOCh rrepeaeCTII Ha CTOJibKO nrrepe;n;n, qTOOLT ae yMeRE>IUH'l'L oo'LeMa 11 y;n;o6cTB'L IWRllHTa, ROTOphlii o;n;ao­npeMeaao ;t~OJJJiteH'b CJIYJKRTL )IJI.H crraHI>.lf.

BcJI.f>J\CTnie BhiJ\BHJKaoro RI1JIH, rro;~mmy-

'lJepTeirt'L napycnOCTII oaitJI,aprm , R aynm yc·L".

C0l\1'b O'l''b 192 )10 198 cpyH'l'OB'b. Ilpu 8'l'O:H'h 1

IWRe':I.HO, rrpe;n;rroJJaraeTca, ':1.1'0 Ra'l'aroru.iil.ca rrollrBw;aeTcs nayTpu cy~\Ha , 'l'. e. B'J:. ROR­TIIiT.:S, a ae aa naJiy6·P..

qTO oco6eaao ;n;omim:O rropa:n:,an- B'b qep­•rem{;, ClTO CllJlbHO IIO;IJ;BHHY'l'l>IH Brrepe;t~'L ~ea't'pn rrapycaoc•riL Bn po•teM'L, rrpH nau-

Taro Ha C'l'OJibKO Brrepe;n;'f,, rrepeM'BC'l'HJlCJI B'b ·ry ~I\e c·ropoay n :o;eH'l'P'h 6oJwnoro ~\aBJ!Gaia ; rrp.HIIU>Uvf'b CJl'B;IJ;C'l'B i eMb 8'1'01'0 .HBUJJOCL rre­perreceaie IJ;eaTpa rra p ycaoc·rn 'l'aRIKe I<. 'I>

ROCy 1 TaK'L Kai<.'b o6{; TOqRH ;IJ;OJJ~ECHLT npH­XO;IJ;ll'l'bCJI rrpHOJJH3"fl1'6JlbHO a a o;n;noli nepTH-1\.aJirr, eCJiil •rpe6ye'l'CJI rrpa13HJILHhlH XO.LJ;'b

BAH,IJ;APK H . 81

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I 11

82 B A H ,II. APE. H.

CV,li.Ha, Oe3n OC008HF10 CHJihHOH IIO,li.MOrH pyJieMn. -q'l'OOhl YAOBJie'rBopn·rL 9'l'llMn •rpe-6oBaai.HMn1 rwacTpyr~Topn OhlJin rrpHay:rK­~~ean rroc•raBHTh 6mm~e r~'L aocy OOJiblllOH napyc'L, a aa r~opM-B saa'lli'l'8JibHO MeHhlllirr. Ty'l''L Mhl BCTp·£qaeMc.H C'L noy'lH'l'eJihHhlM'b n puM'BpOM'L, r~aR'L naor)~a ·rpy.n.ao ObiBae·r'h ,li.JIJI ROHC'l'PYRTOpa copa3M'llPRTh "l!8p'l'8iK'L C'b IIOC'l'aBJI8HHhlMll ycJIOBi.liMH II I~ai~'L TO'l­HOe llCIIOJIHeaie O,li.HOll Kai~OM-HIIOY,ll.h B8UJ,ll pfmraiOIIJ,liM'L oopa30M'b MOJite'l''L IIOBJii.H'l'h Ha nee ;rf,'BJIO.

PasmPiie B'L Bempnra-B o6onx'L rrapycoB'L cTaHOB:a•rc.H oco6eaHo saM{;THNM'L 1 ecJIH cpaBHH'l'h RX'b en na pycaocThiO .n.pyrnx·h 6aJi.n.apoR'L, Bn oco6eaaOC'l'll aMepm~aacrtaro 'l'nrra, Barrp., C'L napycaoc·rbiO ,Oassieu. MeJE;~y •r'BM'"b r~aR'L aa Heli OTHOmeai.s mro­JJJ;a;~u rpo'l'a R'b mww,a.u;a: 6nsaaE cocTaB­JIJie'l''I· npnoJI:n:sn'l'eJibRO 2: 1, ·ro-me ven.ome­uie y Nautilus'a ITO'l'l'TI panao 6:1.

Omu6o'IHO OhlJIO-Ohl cqn•ra'l'h s•ro YRJIOHe­aie O'l'b o6hlKHOBeaaiiiX'L upaBllJI'L 60JlbWHM'b rre.u.oc·ra·rrWM'L; Bn almoTopiiiX'L cJiyllaJix'h 'l'aKoro po.n.a yc•rpo:llc-rno .n.ame MOJii.e'l''L orca­l:laTh rroJibsy . Ta&':h1 aarrp., ,Nautilus" meJin H'BCROJihKO pas'I>, rcor.n.a BrB'l'epn ae ITOSBOJIJIJI'b HeCTH 110JlHiii8 napyca, IIOJ~'l,

O,li.HIIMn rpO'l'OM'L H JJaBlrponaJl':b C'b OJ.{HllM':h rrapycOM'b ae xyJI{,e, a "tJac•ro ;u;aa~e JIYlJllle, llf.M':b ero ROHRypeH'l'lJI IIO,li.'L ,n;ByM.R napy­caMH.

EaRn y Bc-Bxn COBpeMeHHillX'b oa:ll;u;apor~'I>, •raK'L u y N autilus'a, napyca caa6.meahl npoM:entyrro'l.HNMH peii:E.al\m. 3 ;r'Bch :r.~:nr IIMf>eM':h CJiylfaii yRa3a'l'b Ha IIOJih8Y 'l'aRoro ycTpOHC'l'Ba ,n;JIJI HeOOJihlllilX'L na pycOB'L BO­OOIU.e. 06pasonaaie nysa na pyca 'IpesBN'la:llao yMeHblllae'l'C.fl 9Tl1M':h cpe.n,C'l'BOM'b 1 'l'BM':h 3Ha­llllT6JibHO yBeJ£II'lHBae'l'C.H IIOJle3HOe .n.·IdiC'l'Bie nf.Tpa. H e;u,ocTaTOR'L OT'b ynempren.i.a n·'Bca 6oJI-Be 'l'BM'L Bosaarpa)t~.n.ae'l'C.H Jiyqmeii: rro­c·raaoBiwn napyca. RpoM-B TOro 1 p eliRII npe.n,cTaBJI.liiOT'L co6oll: aaiiJiyqmee M11C'l'O rrpnRpf.nJieaiJI mR.eHTeJier'i 1 OT'L TO'laaro coB­MrBCTaaro .n.-Biic'l'Bia ROTOPLIX'L '!aCTO saBrr­Cll'l''L 6esorracaocTh 6a:i1.n.apR:a n, B'L oco-6eaaoCTH, ycnoBX'b rOHRH; HaROH8IJ;'b 1 peliRII IIOJie3HEI II B'b TOM'b OTHOllleHiii 1 'ITO OHII, B'L oco6eRHOCTH rrpii cnycKf. :a y6opRf> rra­pycOB'D 1 He ,n;aiO'l''L IJM':h Ha,n;yBa'l'bC.H H IIO­rra,n;aTb B':b BO,n;y.

0 mwaaie .n.eTaJie:H: na pycaaro yc·rpoH:c·rBa yme OhlJIO rrpe,n;JrmKeao paabme.

'rerrepb aaM'L OC'l'ae·rc.a cr~asa'l'h eUJ,e a-B­CKOJibiW CJIOB':b 0 :r.10peXO)~HiiiX'L K.a'leC'l'BaX':b Nautilus'a. Rarc':h Mhl YiKe yrroM.HHYJIII, Nau­tilus OhlJI':h rro6-B.m.n.ea'L H'L 1886 r., roaJIJICb C':h aMeprmaacrm:~m. cy.n,aMn. BHHY B':h 9l'OM':h 1

OJJ,UaRo, CJr-B.n.ye'l''L rrpnrmcal'L cKop-Be crroco6y yrrpaBJreai.H, ned~eJin caiVIOMY cy.n,a y u ero rwacTpyR:u;i:a. RaK':h usulJC'l'HO, B'b AnrJii u rrpe.m.n,e cTporo aa6mo.n.aJm o6:&nali ae rro­rnt.n.a'l'h l~ORIUI'l'a BO BpeM.li XO}.I,a IIOA'L rra­pycaMrr; ,ll.aJieR0 1 CJI'B}.I,OBa'l'eJibHO, He H3BJie­I~aJin Bceii: BLiro,n;hl, Ko•ropyro rrpe.n.c'l'aBJr.He'e':h aa MaJieabiWM':h cy;u,ai:~ nf.c'L 'l"BJia lleJIO­B11Ra, KaR'L rrepe,n;Bnnmoil 6aJIJraC'l''L. IIo-9'l'O:r.ry npnxOJ~HJIOCh rrpn6·£ra'l'h, npa ne­saarnn'eJihHOl'i llliipiiH'B CJ/(Ha, R'L TIOMOU\H aeno.n.nnJimaro 6aJIJraC'l'a. IIpaR'L'IPiecKie aMe­pimaau;u BCRop13 coo6pasr~mu, t!TO ro pa3)lO Bhlro.n.a·£e, rroJio;ImM'L B'D yrn;ep6'L 6esorrac­Hoc•rn, rrpnM'BHeaie :lKIIBOl'O OaJr.:IaC'l'a JVIH yneJili"lJeHi.H OC'l'Oll qllBOC'l'H cy,n;aa.

,Nautllus'y Ha Meji{.)(JRapOAHOH roardi; B'b AMepm~f. rrpn.mJIOCb IIMf.'l'h ,II,'BJIO en cy­.n.aMn, .IKll3H8HHhl.H YCJIOBi.H ROTOphlX'b ::ma­'lli'l'eJibHO pa3HliJIIJCb 01''1> ycJIOBirr, B'b J<O­TOpiii.H OiiiJI'L nocTanJren'h OH':h. Rpmd3 Toro, CJI'B)~ye'l''b rrpHH.HTb BO BHHMaaie 1 'l'l'O UJi a}.l,oB­JieiJ;'L BHOBL rrocTpoeaaaro cy}.l,aa r. Baden­Powell noo6UJ,e B'L rrepB:nrl'i pas':h yrrpanJI.HJI'L HM'L B'L aMepHRaHCRil.X':b BO,ll.aX':h H1 He HM11Bn MHOrO BpeMeHH ,II,JI.H ero HCIIEITaHiJI, BCe-Tarm rrollleJI'L aa roaRy. T-BM'L ne Mea-Be rrpOTHBHIHCaM'b y,n;aJIOCL orrepe.n,ll'l'L ero Ra aesaa'lHTeJihnoe pascTOJmie, n nopameaia, ROTOpLI.B: noTeprr11JI'L Nautilus, ,n;oJinmiii Onl'l'b npnqJICJie.HN R'L CaMLJM'b TIO'leTH:DIM'L1 ROr,n;a JIHOO aaaeceHHEIM'b rrpOTHBHHROM':b B':h Mipof; crrop'l'a.

BrrpotieMn, coc•r.a3ania TIOCJirB,n;a.sro Bpe­MeHrr M8JJ~ll,J aarJiiiiCICHMH II aMep!!RaHCKHMH 6a:H.n.apH.aMII rroKa3aJin, "'l'l'O cJI-B;~ye'l"b rrpH­aaa'l'b rrepBeHCTBO aa aMepnRaHCE.Oll IIIKO­JIOll. O'l'cro.n.a .n.aJieRo, o,n;Harw, ern;e ne CJr13-.n.yeT'L, 'ITOOEI TRII'L N autilus'a OTOIIIeJI':h Bn 06JiaCTb rrpe.n.aai:i1; C'l'OHJIO-OEI TOJihR0 1 nanp., yMeHhillHTb aeMaoro naABO,n;aurr 6op1''L, y6aBIITb HJIH coBCrBM':h yanliTO:lKHTb Herro;u,­BHJKn:or:H OaJIJiaCT'L H BM'BCTO aero .n,.JdicTBO­BaTb .IKHBbiM'L, II JrerE.O MOJI\.eT'l> CJIJqH'l'bCJI, t!TO CY,li.HO OOOH,II,eT'l> BC~X':b npOTHBHHROB'L,

BAM,IJ;APRH. 83

1:J.T01 Blip0'!8M'b 1 B'b liOCJif3,n;aee BpeM.H H c,n;.fl­JiaS:O (n0KTOrryc'h" H ,n;p.).

B,n;o6aBOR'h, Bl:iiCRam.eM'J, name MH'lmie, corJiacao npime.n;eanoMy orrncaairo. ,l];JI.s H.flROTOp!UX'b D;'l'>Jle:it MOJRS:O liOCOB.flTOBaTb nocTponrq 6all:.n;apRn no l:J.ep·re:my Nau­tilus' a, XOT.ll ,TI;JI.ll HaCTO.li lllHX'b ITJT8IIle­CTBii'I 8TO cy;ns:o He MOiK8T'b 6niTb peRO· MeH.n;oBas:o. Ho ROMY rrpe.n;ocTaBJieHI:il B'b liOJib30BaHie .JJ;OBOJibHO 60Jibiili.li npocTpan­CTBa BO.JJ;:OI C'b ITOCTO.liH.HE!MH H He CJIHIIl­ROM'b CH.IIbHI:ilMll B.flTpaMM, KT01 naROH8D;'b1

liYBC'l'ByeT'b :meJias:ie HM.flTJ:, MaJieRhKOe H 'Ipe3BEI\lallHO ITOCJIYDJH08 cy.n;ao, JIOBROe ITO CJIOBaM'b CaMHX'b aMepHRaHIJ;eB'b1 rtait'b XO­pomi:ll KOR:OR06i3JKeiJ;'b Ra JI:o.n;y, 'l'OT'b CM.flJIO MomeT'b CTponTh ce6-B Nautilus'a, n eMy ae rrpn.n;eTC.li paCKaRBaTbC.li B'b BEI6op.fl.

roHJ\a a}!epHIWliCIWH 6an.n.apKR ,Cassie" H anrJriiicxon , Nautilus" Bl> A.:~.repax-B.

0Boeo6pa3RI:il.ll ITpenMyiiJ;eCTBa, R.OTOpi>IMTI o6Jia,n;ae'l''b 6aii,n;apKa ITO cpanaeajn C'b ,n;py­rn:rvm cy,n;ai\m, r JiaBHEIM'b o6pasOM'b1 cno­co6nocT:o O'l'Jia'Ia:o .n;epntaTI>C.s: aa BOJm.fl, BCI<.Op.fl aaBeJIH Ra MhlCJib liOCTpOUTb Taid.li­:me cy;~a B'b 60JinilleM'b MacmTa6·:S, B'b OT­aomeRiH-.iRe Kopnyca II napycOB'b ocTaBIITb

sa HaMa T-B-:me (flopMhi. OrrDIT'b ;nan'b xopomie pesyJihTaThl, n B'b aacTo.s:mee BpeM.s: Macca TaRHX'b cy,n;OB'b 1 Ta.K'b Ha3niBaeM:OIX'b n6afl­.n;apOR'b-iOJIOB'b" 1 O:>KI!BJIJieT'b yCTb.S p-fm'b ll MopcRie 6epera AarJiiH. Po;vma-JI{e rro.n;o6-IThiX'b 6all:.n;apoR'b-p.flRII Mepce:U n XeM6ep'b (Humber).

Mhl BI:il6paJIPI .n;Ba H3B-BcTH-BlimHx'b Tnna, nOassy" n ,Ethel". Ha -qepTeJK'bTBITa ,Oassy" MIJI yJKe pan-Be yRa3EIBaJin, BJia.n;flJieiJ;'b JKe e.s: H RORCTFfRTOp'I>, r-R'b ,Holmes" roBo­pnT'b cJI.fl.n;yrow.ee:

nBcKop.:S ITO crrycrcf3 nOassy" Ha Bo.n;y, .s: y61i.n;mrc.s:, liTO oaa rrocJiymHoe, MaJ£eHI>Koe cy.n;eHI-iJlliR0 1 RaR'b IIO.JJ;'b rrapycal'viH1 TaR'b II aa BecJiax'h, H '!'ro aa HeM'h y,n;o6ao rrpn­CTaBaTh R'b Jiro6oMy 6epery. nOassy" xopomo .n;ep.iKHTC.H B'b 6eii.n;eBHH)l;'b li yB.flpeHHO li

6:nrcTpo .n;aeT'I> rroBopo·r'b oBeprn•rar'b. Oa:a 6oJI.:Se Bcero OTJIHl:J.ae·rc.s: OT'b .n;pyrHX'L 6aii.n;a­poR'b pacrroJiomenieM'b RORITHTa, H .s: rrepnoe BpeM.li ITOJiaraJI'b, ll'l'O ROKITHT'b 1 B'b OC06ea:­ROC'l'li )l;JI.ll rpe6JIH1 OTHeCeH'b CJillillROM'b B'b ROPMY, no BCRop-B MB.f. ITpnmJIOCh B'b 8TOM'b pasyB.flpHThC.li. Ron~ a a a cy.n;a13 aaxo.n;nTc.H, RpOM'B MeHR, em;e ITaccamnp'I>, TO B.J3C'b ero HpHXO;IJ;RTC.li OROJIO n;enTpa BO.JJ;OH3Mf.rn;eHi.li JI1 TaRHM'b o6pa30M'b, He ORa3hlBaeT'b BJii.li­Hi.S Ha OTHOCHTeJihii:hlll ,n;n{flepeHT'b. Bnrs:yB'b rrpe;n;BapnTeJibiiO BEI,Il;BH)KHOH RllJih1 .li B'b CO­CTOHHill npn ITOMOIIJ;H RaTRa O,TI;HH'b BhlTa­In;ll'l'h cy;n;uo aa 6eper'b. Rmih Bf.cnT'b 2 ny;~a 51

/ 2 ifJJHTOB'b ll ITOCTpOeH'b ITO qep•remy Trewden'a. Ilpn xo;n;13 C'b RpeilcepcRRMII ITapycaMu .n p-b,n;rw HJ.iK.n;aroch B 'b 6aJIJiac·r-B: B.:SC'I> Krma ,n;ae·n~ .n;oc·raTOliHY'JO oc·roli. 'IH­BOC'l'hi Ra I'OH.KaX'ldKe, ITpll 60JibDJOH liJIO­ITJ;a,n;n rrapycoB'h, JI rpy:my OROJTO 3 ny­.n;oB'b 6aJTJiacTa B'b BH;n;.fl ae60JiblliHX'b M'Blli­ROB'b1 Ha6IITbiX'b .n;po6::oiO HJIH In;e6aeM'b. 5I npo6oBaJI'b C'I'anuTb mor epRRH napyc'h 6e3'b rrpoMeJr-:yTO'IRhlX'b pe:ih<.OB'h1 HO 3Ha­lJHTeJibHO rrpe;n;rrO'lH'l'aiO RHTaiic:rwe Boopy~ jfteaie. IIepeJLB.SJI 6aa:Ra ITpn xo.n;·:S ITO.IJ;'b rrapycaMn ycTaaaBJIImaeTc.q Ba BhlCOTB 611

O'r'b HHJI{Heil rraJiy6LI; npn rpe6JI'B JKe oaa nOM'Blil.ae-rc.H a a 211 RJijl{e ITJiaamnp.H; MO.rr-:nw, T. e. ROpMOBaR 6am~a, aaxo,n;nTCu'l O'IeHb BIJ3RO. PyJib coe.U.HHeH'b C'b pyM­rreJieM'h .IJ;BYMJI M'B,IJ;HhlMH ITpOBOJIORaMR, RO'l'Op:or.f.I npnR.p-ETIJl.liiOTC.li Ha RpiO'Ib.HX'b. Y I<JIIO'!UU:nl JKeJI.fl8HDI.H 1 ROBaR:OT.R 1 TOJIIIJ;HHOIO

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~JJ.ll P. E. Penne aRaMn<J>a.

BAH )1; A PIt H. 85

3/s''· Cy;n;uo sa JI'BTO E3JIJIO 4 nepEDIX'h npusa: 2 rro;n;'h napycaMn, 1 no.n;'h napycaMH II Ha BeCJiaX'h H 1 Ha EeCJiaX'h 1 nprrqeM'h ORO rro6fl;n;m10 cy.n;a 6oJI:nrneii rnnpnHDI 11 ,T(JIHHDI. ,Cassy" rroRasaJia ce6.a HanJiyqrn:aM'h R.pei:i­cepoM'h (all-roundboat) cBoero rmacca no ECeMy coc-B;n;c•my, H .a ue suam B'h oR.pecT­HOCTJIX'h Jiyqrnaro cy;n;:s:a .n;Jia rrpo;n;oJIJKH­·reJinHDIX'h IIJiaEaHili j ORO )I;OCTaTO'IHO Ee­JIHK01 qT06DI CITaTb B'h HeM'h1 II MOJKeT'h HeCTH 6oJI:nmie sanacr,r rrpommiH n ECero upo'Iaro. 0'l'ORMOC'l'b rrocTpoiirur yMflpeHaaa: BCer0 1 cqn'l'a.a BCJ~ IIpRHa)I;JI8iRHOCTli KOM· <flop·ra, rraJiaTKY, JiaMny, 6pe3eHT'h R rrpoq.­B6 <flyH'rOB'h cTep.rmarOB'h (360 py6Jieli)".

Cy.n;uo 'roro-ni.e po1~a, HO eru;e 6oJr:n-

co6HniM'h .n;ep;.Ka'l'nC.ff Ha 'l'aitOH BOJIH'B, R.a:ROR He MoryT'h yx;;e rrepeHocnT:n .n;pyria cy.n;a TOM-me ,[(Jill Rhl. Jlo,n;R.a HMfleT'h ,T(JID.Hy 18 ~YT'h, mHpr1Hy 4 ~yTa 9 ;ll;IOHM. R oca.n;:rty 2 ~ym 11

/ 2 ;ll;IOHMa. IlocTpOHRa KpOMRa aa ItpOMKY E'h rJia.n;:n; o6rmiBHhl.H ,T(OCKH eJIOBb1JI 1

3/."; rnnaRroyTnr, Toil-me TOJIITI;HHhl 1

.n;y60Ehle1 llOMf\ID;eRLI Ra pa3CTOJIHiH OKOJIO 6'1 .n;pyr'h O'l''h .n;pyra. Bepxa.aa ;n;ocita o6-ll1MEKH n naJry6a 'l'HROBDIJij 6:uMcDI, TOJIID;H­HOIO 3 j s'' (Ecero •rOJibKO 3), JiemaT'h :s:a npoq­RDIX'h eJIOEDIX'h rrpnEaJibHbiX'h 6}JYCbJIX'h. ill•reBHII1 KH.IU~I>I H He60Jibll10H C'heMHiir:H ~aJinrn6op'l''h Ha 6aR.'n-.n;y6oBDie. HerroTo­nJIJieMocTI> )J;oc·rurae'l'CJI .n;ByMJI HerrpoHm~ae­MNMli OT;n;·ImeHiaMn E'h Hocy n E'h KOPM'B1

IlapycHa.H 6aii:,II,apKa ,JiirpyrnKa", TIOCTpOeHBaH na. nepqm: r. B. 8rna. Dp-HHa)l) I8iKliT'I>

JI. H . 86eprap,II,TJ D'h PocTouf> Ha ;II;ony.

IIJHX'h pa3M'GpOE'h npe;n;cTaBJT.a8'1''h II3'h ceo.rr , Vital Spark" n ,Daizy" O'rJIH'IHO sapeKO­MeH;~oEaBmirr ce6JI E'L ;WBOJII>HO rrpo;n;o.nmn­TeJibHI>IX'h I{pe.i:Jcepc•max'h rro IOn,BI:iiMn 6epe­raM'h AsrJiil1". Bo~m)l:-B.rrerr:n ,Vita.l Spark"­Ol(HR'h E8'h CaMLIX'h OTILI'l'EIJ:iiX'h 3Ha'l'OIWE'I> Ta:ROTO pol(a cy;n;OE'hj OH'h I13JIOXmJI'h CBOH Ha6JIIOl(eaiJI B'h "llpesBI>rqa:Hao yEJreRa'l'e.JibBO aanncaHaorr KHnr-B: ,,Cruising in small yachts" (RpeifcepC'l'EO na MaJreHbKIIX'h JIX­•raxn) ~ KOTOpyro MDI MOJK8M'h CMflJIO peKO­MeH;ll;OEa'l'b BC1M'h naTepecyrom;IlMCJI. B'h , Vital Spark" MoryT'h rroM1cTII'l'nC.a ·rpn 'IeJIOB-llKa CO Ed3M'h 6ara)J<eM'h1 II T1M'h He M8HoBe 8Ta 6anl(apita OC'l'aeTCJI Ma.JieHbKTIM~ 6eaorracaDIM'h n :aa.n;ejfi:RLIM'h cy.n;:aoM'h, cno-

,n;;nrma rW'l'OpHx'b no 4' 10"; eme y;n;o6wne 6b1JIH· 6r,r r~HHTWBhle EOs;n;ymaRe .n:m;n~tn, co­oopasao <l_Jopli-I'B cy;n;aa. RRJib llOCTpoeH'b ns'h aliiepHR.aHcr{aro E.H3a, no cpeJ~HH-1 'l'O.JI­:m;nHorO B3

/ 1s" , R'h rwar~aM'h c'hyJimBaeTCJI .rr;o 11 j z". 3aKpy rJieHie Ku.rr.a u.n;eT'h Ha npoT.H­.ilWHiu 8". B HJunaili 6aJI.nacT·r:, coc·rOII'l'n usn cBuau;a u Brl>CH'l''h 14 ny.rr;OE'b . IIapycHocTJ, MOr.rra-6LI 6DI'l'L yBeJIH'IeHa ,T(JI.H rOHOqRblX'b u;Jmeu IIO'l'l'II B,ll;BOe.

T errep:n o6paTnMc.a R'h ;?-OcTpo!m-B cy;n;oE'h. EcJI:u Mbi 3a:HMeMc.a 8TOH TeMOH H'BCKo.rr:nRo 6om,me, 'If>M'h c'I, nepEaro Bsnr.a;n;a rror~a­.iKeTcs.r HeOOXO;~HMblM'b 1 TO 8T0 1 rJiaEHI>IM'h o6pa30M'I,, IIO'l'OMY, q1'0 llM8HHO 6aif.rr;a pitR1 no npHqUB:oB He60JibUIOll HX'h CTOHMOCTII R1

86 BAJ"r.n;APRR.

na nepnnr:H: B3I'JI.ll;IJ;'b JierKaro cnoco6a coopy­.iKenirr: C'l'pOIO'l'CJl 'llaC'l'O IIOCTOpOHHliMH7 H.JIH JKe TaKUMli peM8CJI8HHIIKa:r.nr1 KO'rOpnl8 He nM-IliOT'b mmarmx':h cn·s.n;fmiii no -qacTH mmo­rroqnaro cy.n;ocTpoenia. IIonJl'rRo, 'ITO Tarda JIH:IT;a R8 TOJI.bKO Bna.n;aiO'l""b B'b OUJHOKJ.I, Ka­carorn,iHC.H 'IHCTO TeXRH'IeC.KOH C'l'OpORhl )~.f.Jta, RO 'l!aC'l'O .n;a.iJ{8 B JII06HT8JIH HaXO;D;Jl'l'C.ll B'b CO­nepmeRRO 0831IOMO~HOM'b COCTO.HHiH, He HM-Il.a CB-B,rr:fmifl, O'l'Ky;LJ;a IIOJIJ'IHTb JKa3ani.a. "I!TOOhl B'b TaRHX'b CJiyqa.HX'b OKa.3aTL no­MOlll,b H-BCKOJibRliMH COBi?.'l'al>Uf 1 MDI .n;aeiWb B':b C~IC~TOM'b BliJI:f, B-BKO'l'OpDIJI yKa3aHi.a, Morynua uprrro,rr:wr:nc.a II •raKOMY "llRTa'l'eJIIO, KOTO p:r:.di j!{8Jia8T'b ITOJIY'lli'l'b JICHOe rrpe,rr;­CTaBJI8Bie 0 TIOCTpOHK'B ll noopyjReHiH 6aii­.rr;a prnr; B'I> oco6enHOCTir, 8'ro HB.ll.He'l'C.ll .iKe­JiaTeJihHDIM'b rrpu 3ar<a3i3 6au.n;apRn, 'IT06:nr IIM~TI, no3MOj!~HOCTI> ;r~aTI> co6cTnennur.a yrta­saHrJI H He rrpe.IJ;OCTaBUTb Bee HCI<JIIO'JIIT8JJhHO na 6JiaroycMoTp-Bnie CTpOIIT8Jr.a.

Ha riOcTpoiir{y 6ai:i;~apoK'b ynoTpeoJIJieTcs npeiiMyrn,eCTB8HBO ;rtepeno; MHOI'O'lHCJI8BHJ>I.fl nonhl'l'Im yno'l'pe6JIJIT.b na 6ali,11;aprm pas JII'l'IBaro po;r~a. meC'l'h 1 6p..rary n rrapycMHY ITORa ern,e H8 .rr;aJIH y.n;OBJI8TBOpHT8JJ'bHhlX'b pesyJri>Ta'l'OB'b.

,II;epeBo crn6aeTca Bcen~a no r JraBHI>IM'b . ~ ~

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lfa~e DC8I'O J.\JIJ"l o6um:mm ynO'l'p80JI.ll8'l'C.H n:cnaHCRiH Kel~p'I, II I<anl\.a3CI<ifr Itapara'I'b HJIH JIJ1"3'n; IlX'b JI8I'K00Tb 1 fliOI<OCTb II RpacUBI>le IT;B-IlT'J, R }-lHCYBOK'b1 ,rr;-JJJJaiO'l''I, 8TII COpTa )~e­pena OC068HHO npH fO)l;ElhlMII )l;JL'I ~Yl'Oll IT;'B.Jllf. Onu conepmeHHO BI>IT'BCHH.Jin .rr;y6·1, , rroqrrn IlCIUliO'IltTeJII>HO yno·rpe6JrJmrnilicJI 11pem.rr;e. l.J•ro H.acaerrcJI npotmoc1'Ir, TO xopomo nr,r-6 9 ~

paRHblJi U '1'1UaTe,!!LHO JiaiO!}lOBR.HH:hl.H ReJq>'L IIJIH R.aparali'.b He yc·ryrra.ro'L"'h ;~y6y. Hpac­Rnrl'r KeJqn-. , TaK'J, Ha3ornaeMHu ncnaHCr<ill, CJIJ)KHT'b Ma•repiaJIOM'L ~.u1 naJiy6u; KpacHoe ;u;epeBo Taror\.e x opomo aapeiWMeR;'I,ORa.;IO c e6.H B'I> •reqenie rrocJrH~BBX'b Jl'BT'I>. Mr>l )~a:a"e DO l\lROI'llX'b O'l'HOIU8EllJIX'b rOTOBbl )l;a'l'I. eMy rrpe;~uoq•reB.ie 1 Tal\.'.'b J\aJ\.'b HaMOK­nywr., ORO Re OOJia,rr;ae'l''b CBOUCTROM'J, pa0-oyxa'l'b IIJ! Ir ROpOOUThCJI . IIpn HaCTI1JlR'fl naJiy6u1 cJJI•;rr:ye'l''J.., y no·rpc6JI.fl.'l'f, J ~ocrm Re 'fOJlU~e '//, yne;Jfll'JllB'L COOTli'J'Vl'C'l'DeHBO

'IHCJIO 6HMCOB'h. ,Il;JIJI Kp-BIIJI8HiJI ncer.n;a-Ohl CJI1:p;OBaJIO ITOJib30BaTbC.ll M8JIKJIMI{ mypy­rraMrr; OHH o6Jia,rr;aiO'l''b Ti>M'h BaiKHhlM'b rrpe­IIMYll1,8C'l'BOM'h1 '1'1'0 HX'I:. JI0I'KO .MQ)RHO Bhl­BB.BTHBa'r.b, KOI'~a HJ:il\.JIO 6nrBa8'1''b CHJITh naJiy6y. R ·.b cmKaJI'i>niro, JiaTyHHhle BHR'l'LI Jiei'RO ORllCJIJIIOTCJJ H .n;aiO'l''b ITO'l'OKH liO ;IJ;8-peny; n08'1'0MY rrpe.rr;nOl!Ii'l'alOT'b 3aKJI8ITR.H r~:pacno:H: :r.~·b.n;n.

I{HJIII Jiyqme ncero ,rr;oB.J:taT.b H3'b ;n;y6a unn nJI:nMa; •ry'l''I,, 'l'aRT, cKasa'l'b ua xpe6'l''B cy~­na, yno·rpeoJienie Tmr<eJJaro, cmrLRO corrpo­'l'HBJIB rorn,arocJI pa:~pnrny , Ma'l·ep ia.Jia nrromr£ YM'DC'l'HO. llounrrrKa aHI'JlH'IaR'b .rr;1:Jia'l'b KFIJJH eJIOBLTMll Be nr.rBe1''b 1 R.a~t'b Mol TI03£araCl\I'b 1

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B'b RHJKanweii llaC'l'II cy;(Ra, BI:iiRrphlm'I> B'b B'BC'B nrpaeT'b B'l'OpOC'l'8ITeHHJIO pOJJb.

illTeBHU ncer;~a. c~'I'Tl.rr;ye'l'':h Bhl'recnBaTI. HS'J, R.OROp'b; Bhlp-Ilsa'l'b I:IX'b ll3'b 7~epena :Mhl He COB'flTY8M'L 1 TaK'b RaR'b e.n;na-Jlll nati:­;IJ;8'1'CB. .rr;pyroe M'BCrro , r;n;•n noc·r'aBJieua •rar<aJI Macca rB03)~0H ll BTIH'l'OB'T,, ImR'b HM8EIHO Ra !f>op-I> n axrrepm·reBHJJX':h. IIosToMy s.rr;ich­'1'0 n cJI-B;~yeT'b OOJI'Be, -qf;M'b r;rrT:. JillOO n s6rJ;­ra'1'L o6pasonaai.a •rpemRrr'b, a 91'0ro 'l'OJI.biW H M0j{"'H0 JI:OCTH'Ih 1 C).~-IlJJaB'b LUTCBHll HH'h KoKop'b; B':h AMepnK'B ynoTpe6JIJI IO'r'b 6a · Kay•r':h, no n xopomiti: .rr;y6':h 7 'l'ain, )Re rtaR':h If RaBKa3CH.iR J:TCeBL 1 0 I<a3DIDaiO'l'C,U BIIOJIH'll 0'1'B'BqaTOlll,HMII Ha3Hall8Hiro .

Haz6oJI·J:.e yrroTpe6n'l'8JihBili.ll CIIC'rel\Ibi rrpn IIOC'1'p0HK'Il 6a:i1;LJ;apOR'h-1tpor.ma na Rpor.my H J<.pOMKa na RpOMKY B'b I'JJa.rr;n; sa TIOCJIJ~)~­Hie l'O)];hl Ta.I<:-IW C'l'aJI'.b rrpaK'l'RIWBaTbC.JI cno­C06'I" ITOCTJ>OIJRI:f 'l'OJl.bRO B'b rJial~'b.

Ec;Jin MOiKBO na.n;i;.a'l'I>c.a na armypaTnoe IICOOJIH8Bie, '1'0 JIOC'l'pOliKa RpOMKa Ha RpOM­I<.y, no:maJryii: coe;LJ;nn.neT'b B'b ce6-I~ 6om,r.ne Bt;erO npcHMYI~eCTB'bj CJ')\a, TIOC'1'p081HU,IJJ 'l'R.I.WM'I:. oopaSOM'b, JIOI'I\.H, TI}>O'IHLI U l{JI'},rnm 1 MOI'Y'i''J, 7~an{8 rrepeHOClfTh i~OBOJibRO 0 8:-!I(e­peMOHHOe II H8JlOBIW8 00 parn;enie H80lihl'l'­Bai'O qeJion.Yma, nc 'l'epn.H oco6enEibiX'b no­B})C}K,n:enii1; HX'b .1l8I'IW qn HTI.Tb II 1 HaiW HOH'h 1

OHH HM'BIOT'b na co6o1r npi .aTnoe I<a"<ICCTBO J~ell1CBII3Hnl. llpn H8)1;0CTa'l'OqHO ;rw 'lllC'l'OM'h

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BAH,li.APER. 87

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12

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91

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