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50119thStreet,TrusteeTowers FORTSANDERSWOMEN’SSPECIALISTS 1924PinnaclePointWaySuite401,KnoxvilleTn37916 P#865-331-1122F#865-331-1976 Suite200,KnoxvilleTn37922
Dr.CurtisElam,M.D.,FACOG,AIMIS,Dr.DavidOwen,M.D.,FACOG,Dr.StevenPierceM.D. Dr.DeanTurnerM.D.,FACOG,ASCCP,Dr.F.RobertMcKeownIII,M.D.,FACOG,AIMISDr.BrookeFoulk,M.D.,FACOG,Dr.G.WaltonSmith,M.D.,FACOG,Dr.SusanRobertsonM.D.,FACOG
ROBOTICASSISTEDLAPAROSCOPICSUPRA-CERVICALHYSTERECTOMY
Pleasereadandsignthefollowingconsentformwhenyoufeelthatyoucompletelyunderstandthesurgicalprocedurethatistobeperformedandafteryouhaveaskedallofyourquestions.Ifyouhaveanyfurtherquestionsorconcerns,pleasecontact
ourofficepriortoyourproceduresothatwemayclarifyanypertinentissues.
Definition:RoboticAssistedLaparoscopicSupra-CervicalHysterectomyisanoperationtoremovetheuterus(womb)withtheaidofthedaVinciRoboticLaparoscopicsurgicalsystem.Thecervixremainsattachedtothevaginaandisnotremovedduringtheprocedure.Theuterusisremovedbyusingseveralminiaturizedwristedinstruments,insertedthroughsmallincisions,thatareguidedbyasurgeonusinga3Dcamera.Ahysterectomydoesnotrequiretheremovaloftheovaries;howevertheovariesand tubes can be removed at the time of the hysterectomy if medically necessary. Supra-cervical hysterectomy is notrecommended forpatientswhohaveprecancerouscervicalcellsorgynecologicalcancers.TheRobotdoesnotperformthesurgerybutisratheratooldesignedtoassistthesurgeonashe/shecontrolsthemovementoftheroboticarms.
Procedure: Aftersedationfromgeneralanesthesiaisachieved;thedoctorwillmakethreetofivesmallincisionsinthelowerabdomentoallowthesurgeontoinserta3Dhigh-definitioncamera/laparoscopeandtheminiaturizedwristedinstruments.ThroughthedaVincirobotic-computerconsole,thesurgeonviewsamagnified3Dimageofthesurgicalsiteinsideyourbody.ThedaVincirobotictechnologytranslatesthesurgeon’shandmovementsintoprecisemicro-movementstomanipulatethepelvicorgans.Carbondioxidegaswillbeusedtoinflatetheabdomentoallowthedoctortoinsertthelaparoscopeandvisualizetheabdomen/pelvis.Throughtheguidanceofthelaparoscopetheuteruswillbefreedfromligamentsandsurroundingbloodvessels.Thetopoftheuterusiscutfreefromthecervixandthecervixremainsinsidethebodyandattachedtothevagina.AninstrumentcalledaMorcellatorwillbeusedtodividetheuterusintosmallsectionsthatarethenremovedfromthebodythroughoneoftheabdominalincisions.Bloodvesselsarethentied,stapledorcauterized,thenecessarylayersoftheabdomenandskinaresutured,anddressingsareplacedovertheincisionsites.
Diagnosis:ThemostcommonreasonstohaveaRoboticsupra-cervicalHysterectomyare:Fibroids-noncanceroustumorsthatcausepelvicpain,heavyandabnormaluterinebleeding,painful intercourse,orother symptoms.Endometriosis- growthofuterine lining inotherpartsof theabdomenoruterinemuscle (adenomyosis) thatcausespelvicpain.Uterineprolapse-thedownwardmovementoftheuterusintothevagina.Yourphysicianwilldiscussyourdiagnosiswithyoupriortosurgeryanditwillbedocumentedinyourmedicalrecord.
ExpectationsofOutcome:ARobotic Supra-cervicalHysterectomy typically takes1-2hours.Whenyouawake fromsurgeryyouwillhaveanIVandyoumayhaveabladdercatheter.Somepatientswillgohomethesamedayassurgerywhileothersmaystayonenightinthehospitalandwillbedischargedonthedayaftersurgery.Roboticsupra-cervicalHysterectomyisamajorsurgeryandrecoverytypicallytakes2-4weeks.Followingtherecoveryfromahysterectomy,itisexpectedforwomentohave relief frompainandcorrectionofabnormaluterinebleeding.Youwillhaveapathology report todiscusswith thedoctoranddetermineifanyfurthertreatmentisnecessary.Ifuterineprolapsewasanissuepriortosurgery,thosepatientsshouldhaverelieffromvaginalpressureandpelvicpain.
PossibleComplicationsoftheProcedure:Allsurgicalprocedures,regardlessofcomplexityortime,canbeassociatedwithunforeseenproblems.Theymaybeimmediateorevenquitedelayedinpresentation.Whilewehavediscussedtheseandpossiblyothersinyourconsultation,wewouldlikeyoutohavealistofsomespecificcomplicationssothatyoumayaskquestionsifyouarestillconcerned.Asidefromanesthesiacomplications,alistofpossiblecomplications,wouldinclude,butarenotlimitedto:
•OrganInjury:Duringanypartoftheprocedure,anyorganintheabdomenorpelvis(liver,spleen,colon,intestine,bladder,stomach,ureter,etc)canbeinadvertentlyinjured.Oftentheinjuryisminorandcanbetreatedwithrelativeease;howeveriftheinjuryismajorortherepairiscomplicated,moreextensivesurgerymaybenecessary.Thismayprolongthehospitalstayandrecoveryandmightalsonecessitateadditionalsurgicalproceduresinthefuture.Whilerobotic/larparoscopichysterectomieshavealowerincidenceofcomplicationsformostinjuries;Ureteralinjuryisstatisticallyhigherinrobotic/laparscopichysterectomyvsabdominalhysterectomy.Theriskisapproximately3-4%.Ureteralinjuriesfromelectricalcauteryinstrumentsmaynotbecomeobviousfor7-21daysaftersurgery.Yoursurgeonmaylookintoyourbladderneartheendofyoursurgerytomakesurethaturineisenteringthebladderfrombothureters.ToeasevisualizationoftheurineyoumaybegivenanIVdyethatwillturnyoururineblueforseveralhours.Bylookinginthebladder,theriskofunrecognizedureteralinjuryisloweredbutnoteliminated.
•Infections:AlthoughprophylacticantibioticsaregiventhroughyourIVpriortosurgery,postoperativeinfectionscanstilloccur.Themostcommontypeofinfectionisabladderinfection(UTI).AUTIcancauseburningwithurination,increasedurinaryfrequency,bloodintheurine,pelvicorbackpain,feverandorchills.Awoundinfectioncanalsooccurintheincisionsitesontheabdomen.Ifaninfectionispresent,theincisionwillbered,warmtotouchandpossiblyoozingabrownodorousdischarge.Pneumoniaisaninfectioninvolvingthelungs.Pneumoniamayoccurfromlackofdeepbreathingaftersurgeryduetopainfromtheincisionsites.Earlyambulationanddeepbreathinghelpstoreducetheriskofpneumonia.Apelvicabscessiswhenaninfectionoccursatthetopofthevaginaortheareawheretheuteruswasremovedfrom.Fevermorethan100degrees;increasingpain,severeconstipation,andmalodorousvaginaldischargecanbesignsofthistypeofinfection.Whilerare,sepsisisanotherinfectionthatcanoccur.Sepsisiswhentheinfectionentersthebloodstreamandcanmakeyouveryill.Sepsissymptomsusuallyinclude:fever,chills,weakness,nausea,vomitingandorconfusion.Ifanyoftheabovesymptomsofinfectionoccur,callouroffice.
•VascularInjury:Anyofthevesselsinsidetheabdomenareatpotentialriskforinjuryduringahysterectomy.Inadvertentinjurytoabloodvesselcanoccurasinstrumentsareintroducedintotheabdomen,duringdissectionoftheuterusfromthesurroundingtissues,orfromelectricalinjurytothevesselwall.Anothertypeofvascularinjuryoccurswhenthesealedorsuturedvesselcomeslooseaftertheprocedurehasbeenfinished.Mostoftheseinjuriesarerecognizedandresolvedatthetimeofsurgery.Majorvesselinjuryordelayedbleedingmayrequireadditionalsurgery,prolongedhospitalstayandrecovery,readmissiontothehospital,andbloodtransfusion.
•BloodLoss/Transfusion:Thevaginalregionisvascular.Usuallythebloodlossinthisprocedureisminimaltomoderate.Insomecasesbloodlosscanbesignificantenoughtonecessitateabloodtransfusion.Ifatransfusionisnecessary,thereisasmallriskofbloodrelatedinfectionssuchasHepatitisorHIV.
*CancerSpread:IftheUteruscontainsafibroidtumorthenthechancethattheFibroidcouldrepresentacancercalledLeiomyosarcomaisapproximately.25%(.23%to.27%).Ifanunanticipatedcancer(Ovarian,Endometrial,FallopianTube,orLeiomyosarcoma)weremorcelatedbyknifeorpowerequipmentthenthecancerwouldbeupstaged.Thisincreasesthepossibletreatmentsneeded(suchasadditionalsurgery,Chemotherapy,and/orRadiation)andcanincreasetheprobabilityofcancerspread,recurrence,andcancerdeath.
•PainfulIntercourseandVaginalShortening:Supra-cervicalhysterectomyretainsthenormalanatomyatthetopofthevagina.Itisthoughttoimprovethesupportofthevaginaanddecreasethepossibilityfordiscomfortwithintercoursefollowingsurgery.However,thedepthofthevaginamaybelessenedandtheanglechanged,causingsomewomentocomplainofpainordifficultywithintercourseaftersurgery.Thispainmaybetemporaryorpermanent.Itisextremelyimportanttonotresumeintercourse(vaginalpenetration)untilreleasedtodosobyyoursurgeon.Ifyouhavesuddenonsetofwateryorbloodydischargebeyondwhatalightsanitarypadwouldtakecareof,thencallouroffice.
•Hematoma:Whenasmallbloodvesselcontinuestobleedaftertheprocedureisover,theareaofcollectedbloodisreferredtoasahematoma.Thebodynormallyre-absorbsthiscollectionoverashortperiodoftimeandsurgicaldrainagemaybenecessary,however,thisisrare.
•ChronicPain:Withanyprocedure,apatientcandevelopchronicpaininanareathathasundergonesurgery.Typically,thepaindisappearsovertime,althoughsomefeelingofnumbnessmaypersist.
•DeepVeinThrombosis(DVT)/PulmonaryEmbolus(PE):Inanyoperation(especiallylongeroperations),youcandevelopaclotinaveinofyourleg(DVT).Typically,thispresentstwotosevendayspostopaspain,swellingandtendernesstotouchinthelowerlegarea.Althoughlesslikely,thisbloodclotcanmovethroughtheveinsandblockoffpartofthelung(PE).Thispresentsasshortnessofbreathandchestpain.Ifyounoticeanyofthesesigns,callouroffice.
•LowerExtremityWeakness/Numbness:Whilethisisrare,itispossiblethatduetothepositioningofyourlegsinthelithotomyposition(legsintheair/stirrup)foralongperiodoftimeordirectinjurytonervesbysurgicalinstruments,youmaydevelopweaknessornumbnessinyourlegs.Itisusuallyself-limited,withareturntobaseline.
•ScarTissue/Hernia:Scartissuecanformwithintheabdomenand/orpelvisandcauseadhesions.Adhesionscancreatepelvicpain.RoboticandLaparoscopicproceduresalsocarrytheriskofcreatinganincisionalhernia;whereabdominaltissueprotrudesthroughthemuscleattheincisionsite.
•CervicalBleeding/PapSmears:Afterasupra-cervicalhysterectomyitispossibletohavebleedingfromthecervix.Thereisasmallamountofglandulartissuewithinthecervixandapproximately10%ofwomenwillexperiencelightbleedingorspottingonamonthlybasis.Thebleedingusuallyoccursduetothemonthlychangeinhormones,butcouldoccurduetomoreconcerningproblems.Ifcyclicspottingisunacceptabletoyouthenyoushouldhaveyourcervixremovedatthetimeofsurgery.ItisimportanttomaintainpapsmearscreeningasrecommendedbytheAmericanCancerSocietyandtheAmericanCongressofObstetricsandGynecology.
•PermanentInjury/Death:Permanentinjuriesfromsurgeryarerarebutdooccur.Permanentinjuriesmayinvolveremovaloforgansnotplannedduringtheoriginalsurgery,painthatdoesnotresolvewithtime,ordiminishedabilitytoenjoylife.DeathisextremelyrarefromGynecologicsurgerybutdoesoccur.Themostcommonreasonsaremassivebloodloss,overwhelmingsepsis,heartattack,DVT/Pulmonaryembolus,stroke,andanesthesiacomplications.
AdditionalProcedures/Consultations:Ifthereareunanticipatedfindings,difficultyduringthesurgery,orasituationwhereyourdoctordoesnotbelievethathehastheexpertisetoaccomplishallofyourcasethenanintra-operativeconsultationmaybenecessary.Intra-operativeconsultationiswhenanotherphysicianorsurgeonisaskedtogiverecommendations,assistortakeoverasurgicalcase.Thisoccursatyourdoctor’sdiscretionforyoursafetyandwithoutregardtowhethertheotherphysicianisonyourinsurancepanel.Bysigningbelowyougiveconsenttointra-operativeconsultationsifnecessary.
Photographs/Recordings:Stillphotographsanddigitalrecordingsofyoursurgerymayoccurfordocumentationofintra-operativefindingsorforeducationalpurposes.
Consent:I,Dr._________________________,havecounseled___________________________________________regardingherplannedsurgery.InmyprofessionalopinionIbelievethatthesurgeryisreasonableandmostlikelywillresultinabeneficialoutcome.Itismybeliefthatthepatienthasconsideredheroptionsandfullyweighedtherisksofsurgery.
Signed__________________________________________________Date____________________Time______________
I,____________________________________________________,believethatthesurgicalprocedurelistedaboveisthebestoptionforme.MysituationisnotanemergencyandIunderstandthatIhaveotheroptions,includingnothavingsurgery.Iunderstandthatcomplications,badoutcomes,andunanticipatedeventswilloccuroccasionallyduringsurgeryandrecovery.IunderstandthatmydoctorandhissurgicalteamarenotperfectandatnopointhaveIbeenguaranteedanyoutcomesorresults.IhavebeengiventheopportunitytoaskallmyquestionsandIbelievethatIhavealltheinformationnecessarytomakeareasonabledecision.Therefore,Ielecttogivemyconsentandproceedwiththeabovesurgery,aswitnessedbymysignaturebelow.
PatientSignature___________________________________________________________Date_________________
WitnessSignature___________________________________________________________Date_________________