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Robotics. The History of Robots. 2000 B.C.: lever action dogs in Egyptian tomb. Middle Ages: movable figures on clocks. Automatons: a human-like figures that moved automatically. The History of Robots. 14th Century: Strasbourg - mechanical rooster that flaps its wings & crows at noon. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Robotics
The History of Robots 2000 B.C.: lever action dogs in Egyptian tomb. Middle Ages: movable figures on clocks. Automatons: a human-like figures that moved
automatically.
The History of Robots 14th Century: Strasbourg - mechanical rooster
that flaps its wings & crows at noon.
The History of Robots
19th Century: a Canadian inventor built “The Steam Man”. It could walk in a circle and blow a whistle.
“Robot”
Comes from the word “robota” which means “forced labor” in Czechoslovakian.
Word “robot” first used in a play by Karel Capek in 1921. Title: R.U.R(Rossum’s Universal Robots)
Robots made to free humans from hard work. Given human emotions, then wanted their freedom. Rebel against humans, annihilating everyone except
company founder. Realize mistake, no one left who knows how to make
spare parts. Two Thumbs Up!!!!
A costume from “R.U.R”
Elektro & Sparky
• New York World’s Fair - 1939
• Elektro could count on his fingers, walk, and give Sparky commands, and tell the difference between red & green.
Robot Laws “I Robot” by Isaac Asimov
1950 #1: A robot may not injure a human being or
through inaction allow a human being to come to harm.
#2: A robot must obey orders given if by human beings except where such orders conflict with the First Law.
#3: A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
ENIAC - The First Computer
ENIAC - The First Computer
Early Beginnings 1954: G. Devol - primitive
programmable arm. 1975: V. Scheinman developed
Programmable Universal Manipulation Arm (PUMA), capable of moving an object & placing it in any orientation in a desired location.
What is a Robot ? “A robot is a reprogrammable,
multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices, through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks.”
What is a Robot ? Manipulator: The robot must have a
mechanical arm. Reprogrammable: The robot must
have a computer-based controller which can be programmed through software.
Multifunctional: Robots must be versatile - capable of performing different tasks.
System Components
ManipulatorEnd EffectorControllerSensors
Manipulator The mechanical arm. Function is to move the end
effector to different positions in space and change its orientation.
Must be strong enough to carry workpieces, yet flexible and precise.
End Effector Tool or device on the end of the
robot arm to perform a task. Most common is a gripper for
grasping and picking up objects. Could also be a tool such as a
welding gun or a spray painting attatchment.
Controller Device to control the motion of the
robotic arm. Calculates motion of each joint to produce
proper arm movement. Monitors motion of each joint and sends
commands to control speed & correct positioning errors (feedback).
Reads input data & sends output signals to activate grippers, tools, or other devices.
Communicates between operator & robot.
Sensors Internal or external devices that
provide data on the position of the motors or joints. (feedback)
External: limit switches.
Robots at Work - Flame Cutting
Robots at Work - Welding
Robots at Work - Lifting
Robots at Work - Painting
By:
C. Spangler
South Colonie High School