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Robotics and On Farm Technology Adoption in
the EU
Bernd Broich, Technical Sales Support Manager
Prior Lake, Mn, Nov. 18 – 19, 2015
Agenda w Introduction w Short Overview of European Dairy
Industry (focus on Germany) w Technology Adoption in Feeding w Smart technology around parlors
European Dairy Industry w EU 28 in total 23 million dairy cows w Annual production of 152 million tons w 6 countries produce 70% of the EU milk
http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/milk/index_de.htm
EU 28 Milkproduction 2013 (source: Eurostat)
German Dairy Industry w 2013: 4.27 M cows, 31 M tons production w 2013: 77869 farms, average 55 cows/
farm w Prediction 2020: 4.4 M cows, 33 M tons
production, 50000 farms
Milchpraxis 3/2014
German Dairy Industry
Prediction 2020: 4.4 M cows 33 M metric tons production
Elite 5/2015 page 5
Distribution of farms in Germany w Total 77869 farms w 9481 farms > 100 cows w 1909 farms > 200 – 499 cows w 446 farms > 500 cows (average of 800
cows each) w more than 150 farms > 1000 cows w Benchmark is 4% BF and 3.4% protein
Milchpraxis 3/2014
Distribution of Milk Production DE w 2013: 9500 farms > 100 cows (12% of all
cows) produced 50% of the milk w 2010: 15000 farms > 100 cows (15% of all
cows) will produce 65% of the milk
Milchpraxis 3/2014
Technology Adoption in Feeding w Robotic Feeding Systems w Robotic Push Up Systems w Self Propelled Mixer Wagons
Robotic Feeding System
Robotic Feeding Systems w 16 different manufacturers w Different systems of storage for forages w Different mixing systems w Different delivery systems (feed chart,
TMR mixer, belt systems)
Manufacturer and systems of feeding robots (Milchpraxis 4/2015 page 23)
Robotic Feeding Systems w Costs between different systems w Saving in barn (narrower feedbunk) w Time savings ? w Feed hygiene in feeding center ? w Loading accuracy (take out human error) w Consistency of TMR (mixing quality) ? w Advantage of 8 or more feedings/ day ?
Narrow feed bunk (Milchpraxis 4/2015 page 24)
Feeding frequency greater than 2x/day? (Slide from Rick Grant, Miner Institute)
Reference FF /d
Eating time %
DMI %
Milk %
Rest %
DeVries et al. (2005) 1 vs 2x 2 vs 4x
+3.5 +4.6
-2.0 -3.0
NR NR
-0.8 0
Mantysaari et al. (2006) 1 vs 5x + 7.0 -4.8 -1.0 -12.1
Phillips and Rind (2001) 1 vs 4x +11.0 -6.3 -4.7 -8.6
Nikkhah et al. (2011) 1 vs 4x NS -5.2 -2.5 NS
Increased TMR feeding frequency improves efficiency: Is it desirable long-term if it reduces
resting time?
*Cows laid down more quickly with increased FF.
Take Home Message Feeding Robots w Advantage of different rations (you only
have to fill the forage bunkers) w Costs are higher than conventional
systems (aquisition, running) w Consistency of TMR tbd w Time savings w Production benefit ? à Probably solution for smaller and mid size farms
Robotic feed Push Up
Effect of empty-bunk time (Matzke and Grant, 2003)
Compared 0 vs 6 h/d functionally empty bunk (midnight to 6:00 am)
• +7.9 lb/d milk yield • 1.8x greater lying in
stalls • 2x greater feeding at
bunk • Less restless
Feed push-up (Armstrong et al., 2008)
w 1 to 2 hours post-‐feeding is most compe44ve; most displacements
w Push-‐up each ½ hour for first 2 hours versus once per hour • Fed 3x/day
Item 1x/h 2x/h DMI, lb/d 41.4 40.1
Milk, lb/d 61.3b 65.3a
Milk/DMI, lb/lb 1.48b 1.63a
Lying in stall, % of cows 45.3 43.8
Robotic Feed Push Up
Calculation profit with feed push up robot
w Feed costs lb dry matter: 11 cents w Milk price: $16 per cwt w Calculation 1: cows 1 hour off feed w Calculation 2: cows 2 hours off feed w Push ups per group: 16 per day w One robot serves 280 cows w Only off feed time is calculated, no other
effects
Net profit w Annual costs of robot: $6,060 incl. invest,
depreciation, installation, operating costs, interest, maintenance
w 1 hour off feed before, now: +1.31lb milk, +0.655 lb DM-intake,
net profit for 280 cows: $8,060 annually w 2 hours off feed before: + 2.63 lb milk,
+1.315 lb DM-intake, net profit: $22,000 annually
Calculation available on request
Self propelled mixer wagons
Self propelled mixer wagons w Very common on larger dairies in
Germany w Experience: fast, accurate loads are possible (proven by TMR audits), excellent silage face, no loose feed, good work place for feeder, no reduction in particle size
Self propelled mixer wagons + speed of consistent feed delivery + feed flow at loading (feed is fluffy in machine -> easier mixing) + less driving distances as with loader + labor and fuel savings (up to 50% according to a company that is selling both systems) + very often only short mixing time after last ingredient (sometimes less than 3 minutes, proven by TMR audits)
Self propelled mixer wagons + only one operating machine (instead of tractor/truck and loader) + NIRS dry matter measurement possible - Max capacity at the moment 30m3 (about 1060 cubic ft.) - max height defacing 6.5m - No mixing of defaced material - Higher investment if loader and tractor are already on farm - One key machine (breakdown scenario)
Self propelled mixer wagons Good experience with mixing accuracy There are machines that serve more than 1,500 cows and youngstock with 1 feeder in 1 shift. Maintenance is key to success. Machines with more than 20,000 hours! Investment and savings (time, fuel..) have to be calculated per farm – no general statements possible.
The next step….? (picture Schuitemaker website)
The next step…… ? Autonomus driving self propelled mixer wagons: w Schuitemaker (Netherlands):
https://landbouwmachines.sr-schuitemaker.nl/en/products/agricultural-machines/feeding/automatisch-voeren-innovado/
w Hirl (Germany): http://www.hirl-technik.de/
Smart technology around the parlor w DeLaval TSR w DeLaval BCS camera w SCC data, conductivity w GEA Dairy ProQ
Teat Spray Robot (DeLaval TSR) w Robotic arm that is able to spray-dip up to
400 cows/ hour w Independent of rotary (stand alone
operation, could serve rotaries from other companies)
w Accurate spray (on the farms that I visited) w Minimum 6ml/ milking (teat end covered)
up to 10ml (whole teat covered)
TSR (picture: DeLaval)
TSR Calculation w See spreadsheet w Breakeven at 3,000 milkings per day (400/
hour) compared to manual dip (same amount of teat dip)
w What else could this person do (check cows…)?
w What technology is necessary if there is no person at the end of the rotary (sort gate, milk weights…)?
BCS camera w 3D camera that is able to measure the
BCS while the cow is passing a sort gate (cow needs to be identified)
w Acquisition Costs: €4,500 then €3–5/cow/year
BCS camera
BCS camera Usefull tool for: w BCS change after calving (determining
CR), ideal is combination with scale (less than 4% bw losses between day 2 and day 21 -> better fertility)
w Avoid cows with too high BCS (identify animals for maintenance group)
w Ration decisions long-term w Not for incidences like ketosis, acidosis…
(here rumination time is better tool)
SCC measurement, conductivity w DCC w SCC measurement in parlors or robots or
stand alone version w SCC is changing quickly between milkings
and days
Conductivity in parlors, robots w Conductivity is measured of: 1. forestrip milk (robots) 2. during the whole milking (for some
Robots, AMR, DairyPro Q per quarter) w Milk is checked for abnormal color (blood)
in robots, AMR, DairyProQ, conventional parlors
à Good tool for detection of health issues at udder level if used together with milk weights
Discussion SCC, conductivity w How to interpret the results? w When to intervene? DeLaval: atleast
>115% of conductivity the last two days, milk weights <90%, question of sensitivity of the system
w 5,000ppm blood: not able to detect by human eyes
w What is the quality of monthly DHI data on SCC?
Fully Automated Rotary: GEA DairyProQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1ooALds_Fc
Information Dairy ProQ
w A lot of smart technology is installed w What is beneficial? w What is used? Different ways lead to success. At the end always people are responsible for success.
Conclusions
w DeLaval, Germany w GEA, Germany w RMH, Netherlands w Wasserbauer, Austria For a lot of good information and for contributing to this presentation
Thanks to:
Thanks for you attention!!!!